Three-dimensional high-gain antenna RF front-end device

Abstract

The present application relates to a three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device, including: a high-gain antenna device and a radio frequency transceiver device; the high-gain antenna device includes a substrate and two or more high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas; the radio frequency transceiver device includes a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, the number of radio frequency transceivers is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device is respectively connected to a corresponding high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna. In the above radio frequency front-end device, firstly, the lens can compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave radiated by the antenna to obtain a uniform spherical wave, realize phase compensation of the antenna waveform, and improve the gain; secondly, the antenna array is set on the substrate, and the high-gain antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the high-gain antenna device can form a vertical plane beam, and finally connected to the corresponding radio frequency transceiver device to perform signal transceiver management, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are an essential component of any radio communication system. Although the tasks to be performed by various types of radio equipment are different, the role of antennas in the equipment is basically the same. Any radio equipment transmits information through radio waves, so it must have a device that can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves.

[0003] Traditional antenna RF front-ends are mainly single-polarized antennas, and there are also array antennas, but they are mainly vertical arrays. These antenna structures are all two-dimensional settings, and it is difficult to achieve high gain, which makes the traditional antenna system have limited improvement in communication performance and poor gain effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a high-gain antenna RF front-end device with improved gain to address the problem of poor gain effect of traditional antennas.

[0005] A three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device, comprising: a high-gain antenna device and a radio frequency transceiver device;

[0006] The high-gain antenna device includes a substrate and two or more high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas; each high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna is arranged on the substrate, the radio frequency transceiver device includes a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the circulator through an optical fiber, and the circulator is respectively connected to the receiver and the transmitter through the optical fiber; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device is respectively connected to the corresponding high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna;

[0007] The high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna includes a lens, an antenna axial rod, a dual-polarization reflector, a dual-polarization active vibrator and a dual-polarization director;

[0008] The dual-polarization reflector, the dual-polarization active vibrator, the dual-polarization director and the lens are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod; the dual-polarization reflector is arranged at the first end of the antenna axial rod, and the dual-polarization director and the lens are arranged at the second end of the antenna axial rod;

[0009] The dual-polarization director comprises a first director and a second director which are orthogonally arranged. The first director and the second director comprise a plurality of metal pieces arranged on an axial rod of the antenna. Each metal piece is perpendicular to the axial rod of the antenna, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece. The length of each metal piece is shorter than the metal piece adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarization active vibrator. When the first director and the second director are orthogonally arranged to form the dual-polarization director, every two metal pieces with the same length remain orthogonal and are in the same plane.

[0010] The dual-polarization reflector comprises a first reflector and a second reflector which are orthogonally arranged, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively comprise a metal piece arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod, the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod, the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, the first reflector and the first director are in the same plane, the second reflector and the second director are in the same plane, and the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is longer than the length of any metal piece of the dual-polarization director;

[0011] The dual-polarization active vibrator includes two orthogonally arranged single-polarization active vibrators, namely a first active vibrator and a second active vibrator. The first active vibrator and the second active vibrator are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod. One arm of the L-shaped metal part is a connecting arm, which is attached to the antenna axial rod, and the port of the connecting arm is connected to the dual-polarization reflector. The other arm is a functional arm, and the length of the functional arm is longer than the length of the director and shorter than the length of the reflector. At the same time, the first active vibrator and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active vibrator and the second reflector are in the same plane.

[0012] The above-mentioned three-dimensional high-gain antenna RF front-end device first adopts a cross structure to realize the dual-polarization structure of two single-polarization antenna units, realizes a high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna, can reduce signal polarization loss, and make the high-gain antenna device have excellent gain in both horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, by arranging a lens on the antenna axial rod of the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna, the lens can compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave radiated by the antenna to obtain a uniform spherical wave, thereby realizing phase compensation of the antenna waveform and improving the overall gain of the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna. Secondly, by arranging the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna into an antenna array on a substrate, the high-gain antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the high-gain antenna device can form a vertical plane wave beam, and finally connected with the corresponding radio frequency transceiver, the high-gain antenna device is managed for signal transmission and reception through the corresponding radio frequency transceiver, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

[0013] In one embodiment, high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate, and high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas of the same frequency band are respectively connected to the same radio frequency transceiver.

[0014] In one embodiment, the lens is a spherical lens, and the lens is fixed to the second end of the antenna axial rod through a connecting member.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna further includes a reflector, which is disposed on a side of the dual-polarization reflector away from the second end.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna further includes a radome, which is a cavity structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is fixed to the reflector.

[0017] In one embodiment, the dual-polarization active oscillator further includes a feeding structure arranged on the first active oscillator and a feeding structure arranged on the second active oscillator, and each feeding structure includes:

[0018] A metal bump is provided on a functional arm and is used for receiving power supply;

[0019] A coaxial line, one end of which is connected to a metal bump, and is used to transmit current to the single-polarization active vibrator to drive the antenna to work;

[0020] A support member, covering the outside of the coaxial line, and used to isolate the coaxial line from the external environment;

[0021] The metal shell is arranged outside the support member, and a part of the metal shell is embedded in the functional arm without the metal protrusion.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna further includes a feed input component, and the feed input component is connected to the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element.

[0023] In one embodiment, the feed input component includes a coaxial feed line, which connects a feed structure on the first active dipole and a feed structure on the second active dipole.

[0024] In one embodiment, the feed input component includes a balun feed device, which connects a feed structure on the first active oscillator and a feed structure on the second active oscillator.

[0025] In one embodiment, the antenna axial rod includes a first feed assembly plate, a second feed assembly plate, a third feed assembly plate and a fourth feed assembly plate, and the first feed assembly plate, the second feed assembly plate, the third feed assembly plate and the fourth feed assembly plate together form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is arranged in the cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a high-gain antenna device in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the distribution of a high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the distribution of a high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 A front view of the overall structure of a high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 A rear view of the overall structure of a high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of various components of a high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of various components of a high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0035] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an active oscillator in one embodiment;

[0036] Fig.10 A side view of a high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0037] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a feeding structure in one direction in an embodiment;

[0038] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding structure in another direction in an embodiment;

[0039] Fig.13 A front view of the overall structure of a high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0040] Fig.14 A rear view of the overall structure of a high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0041] Fig.15 It is a structural block diagram of a three-dimensional high-gain antenna RF front-end device in another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0043] In one embodiment, a three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device is provided, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a high-gain antenna device 1 and a radio frequency transceiver device 2; the high-gain antenna device 1 includes a substrate 11 and two or more high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12, each of which is arranged on the substrate 11, and the radio frequency transceiver device 2 includes a filter 21 (used to filter out harmonic clutter and reduce interference), a circulator 22, a transmitter 23 and a receiver 24, each high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 on the substrate 11 is connected to the filter 21 (that is, the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 is connected to the corresponding radio frequency transceiver device 2 by connecting to the filter 21), the filter 21 is connected to the circulator 22 through an optical fiber, and the circulator 22 is respectively connected to the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23 through optical fibers; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices 2 is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device 2 is respectively connected to the corresponding high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12. Specifically, the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 is vertically arranged on the substrate 11. Since the number of high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 and radio frequency transceiver devices 2 is two or more, there is a corresponding relationship when they are connected. For example, one radio frequency transceiver device 2 can be connected to only one high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12, or one radio frequency transceiver device 2 can be connected to multiple high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 at the same time, or one high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 can be connected to multiple radio frequency transceiver devices 2 at the same time, which can facilitate the management of signal reception and transmission. Furthermore, the material of the substrate 11 is not unique, and it can be a metal plate or a plastic plate. In this embodiment, the substrate 11 is a metal substrate, and fixing parts (such as fixing bolts) are respectively arranged at the four corners of the substrate 11. The substrate 11 is fixed to the ground by the fixing parts to improve the fixing reliability of the substrate 11. The frequency bands of each high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 can be the same or different. In this embodiment, high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate 11. Figure 3As shown, the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 includes a band 1 antenna and a band 2 antenna, and the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of two different frequency bands are cross-arranged. The specific structural dimensions of the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands are also different, such as Figure 4 The figure shows a staggered high-gain array diagram between high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands. The antenna of frequency band 1 is a low-frequency antenna with a higher height, and the antenna of frequency band 2 is a high-frequency antenna with a lower height. It should be noted that, in one embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of the same frequency band are connected to the same radio frequency transceiver device 2. For example, there are two radio frequency transceiver devices 2, namely, radio frequency transceiver device ① and radio frequency transceiver device ②. The number of high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of frequency band 1 is two, and the number of high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of frequency band 2 is also two. Then, the two high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of frequency band 1 are both connected to the radio frequency transceiver device ①, and the two high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of frequency band 2 are both connected to the radio frequency transceiver device ②. The high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands are placed crosswise, that is, the distance between the two high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 is enlarged, which indirectly increases the effective aperture area and improves the antenna gain.

[0044] For further information, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The specific structure of the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna 12 is shown in the figure, which includes a lens 400, an antenna axial rod 140, a dual-polarization reflector 130, a dual-polarization active vibrator 120 and a dual-polarization director 110; wherein the antenna axial rod 140 is a metal support rod, which can be in the shape of a round rod, a square rod, a track, etc., and is used to carry the various components of the antenna.

[0045] The dual-polarization reflector 130, the dual-polarization active vibrator 120, the dual-polarization director 110 and the lens 400 are arranged on the antenna axial rod 140 in sequence; the dual-polarization reflector 130 is arranged at the first end of the antenna axial rod 140, and the dual-polarization director 110 and the lens 400 are arranged at the second end of the antenna axial rod 140.

[0046] The dual-polarization director 110 includes a first director and a second director that are orthogonally arranged. The first director and the second director include a plurality of metal pieces arranged on an antenna axial rod 140. Each metal piece is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece. The length of each metal piece is shorter than the metal piece adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarization active vibrator 120. When the first director and the second director are orthogonally arranged to form the dual-polarization director 110, every two metal pieces with the same length remain orthogonal and are in the same plane.

[0047] The dual-polarization reflector 130 includes a first reflector and a second reflector arranged orthogonally, and the first reflector and the second reflector respectively include a metal part arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod 140. The metal part of the dual-polarization reflector 130 is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal part. The first reflector and the first director are in the same plane, and the second reflector and the second director are in the same plane. The length of the metal part of the dual-polarization reflector 130 is longer than the length of any metal part of the dual-polarization director 110.

[0048] The dual-polarization active vibrator 120 includes two orthogonally arranged single-polarization active vibrators, namely a first active vibrator and a second active vibrator. The first active vibrator and the second active vibrator are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod 140. One arm of the L-shaped metal part is a connecting arm, which is attached to the antenna axial rod 140, and the port of the connecting arm is connected to the dual-polarization reflector 130. The other arm is a functional arm, and the length of the functional arm is longer than the length of the director and shorter than the length of the reflector. At the same time, the first active vibrator and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active vibrator and the second reflector are in the same plane.

[0049] It can be understood that the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 itself radiates outward in the form of spherical waves, so its equiphase surface is a sphere. For the end-fire array, its maximum radiation direction will also diffuse in the form of spherical waves. By setting a lens 400 at the top of the antenna axial rod 140, the non-uniform spherical waves diffused outward by the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 can be converted into uniform spherical waves through the lens 400, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna. It should be noted that the specific principle of improving the antenna gain is to use the equal phase gradient to achieve phase compensation and ultimately achieve the purpose of improving the antenna gain. Further, in one embodiment, the lens 400 can be a dielectric material, such as a low dielectric constant organic material, including fiberglass, PTFE (Poly tetra fluoroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene), etc.

[0050] It should be noted that in Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 Although the specific connection method between the antenna axial rod 140 and the lens 400 is not shown, the lens 400 and the antenna axial rod 140 can be fixed by foam connection or directly attached to the top of the antenna (i.e., the second end of the antenna axial rod 140), or fixed by a column, etc. Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment, the convex surface of the lens 400 faces upward, and correspondingly in other embodiments, the convex surface of the lens 400 can face other directions according to actual needs.

[0051] In one embodiment, the lens 400 may be a spherical lens. The spherical lens has an arc-shaped spherical surface, which can better compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave of the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12, thereby correcting the non-uniform spherical wave of the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 to a uniform spherical wave, thereby improving the gain of the antenna. Further, in one embodiment, by providing a spherical lens to compensate for the non-uniform spherical wave of the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12, the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 can achieve a gain of at least 9 dB.

[0052] In one embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 further includes a connector, through which the lens 400 is fixedly disposed at the second end of the antenna axial rod 140. Specifically, the second end of the antenna axial rod 140 corresponds to the top of the antenna, and the connector may be a connector made of foam material.

[0053] In one embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna 12 also includes a reflector 300, and the reflector 300 is arranged on the side of the dual-polarization reflector 130 away from the second end. Specifically, the reflector 300 can be a metal flat plate with a rectangular, circular, regular polygonal shape, etc., and is arranged on the side of the dual-polarization reflector 130 away from the second end. Further, in one embodiment, the reflector 300 is connected to the dual-polarization reflector 130, that is, the dual-polarization reflector 130 is arranged on the reflector 300. By setting the reflector 300, the antenna backward beam can be converged and reflected through the reflector 300, thereby effectively improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna, and also having a certain effect on improving the antenna gain and directivity.

[0054] Furthermore, in one embodiment, although not shown in the figure, the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna 12 also includes an antenna cover, which is a cavity structure with an opening at one end and a closed end, and the open end is fixed to the reflector 300. The antenna cover can place the entire antenna cover therein to prevent the antenna from being disturbed by the environment outside the cover, for example, to prevent external factors from damaging the overall structure of the antenna. Further, in one embodiment, the lens 400 can be designed as an integrated whole with the antenna cover, so that it is convenient to remove the lens while removing the antenna cover, and it is also convenient for installation.

[0055] For further details on the high gain dual polarized Yagi antenna 12, please refer to Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 It should be noted that although Figure 7 as well as Figure 8The position of the lens 400 is not shown, but the lens 400 can be fixedly arranged at the second end (hereinafter referred to as the A end) of the antenna axial rod 140 through a connecting piece. The dual-polarization director 110, the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 and the dual-polarization reflector 130 are relatively independent and are arranged on the antenna axial rod 140 from top to bottom. In the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna 12, the number of dual-polarization directors 110 can be multiple, and the lengths are different, for example Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 , four dual-polarization directors 110 are shown, and the dual-polarization reflector 130 is the longest, the dual-polarization director 110 is slightly shorter than the dual-polarization reflector 130, and the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 is the shortest. For the convenience of description, the two ends of the antenna axial rod 140 are respectively referred to as the A end and the B end, the dual-polarization director 110 is arranged at the A end, and the dual-polarization reflector 130 is arranged at the B end.

[0056] The dual-polarization director 110 includes a first director and a second director arranged orthogonally. The first director and the second director are the same and are composed of a plurality of metal members arranged on the antenna axial rod 140. The metal member here can be a metal rod or a metal strip. The metal member is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal member, so that the two ends of the metal member are symmetrically arranged on the antenna axial rod 140. At the same time, the length relationship between the plurality of metal members is: the lengths of the metal members are different, and the length of each metal member is shorter than the metal member adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarization active oscillator, that is, along the direction from the B end to the A end, the length of the metal member is successively shorter; or it can also be that along the direction from the B end to the A end, the metal members are divided into a plurality of groups, and the lengths of the plurality of metal members in each group are the same, but the length of each group of metal members is shorter than the length of the adjacent group of metal members close to the B end. At the same time, when the first director and the second director are orthogonally combined into a dual-polarization director, the metal pieces with the same length also remain orthogonal and are in the same plane, that is, the metal pieces with the same length form a cross shape as shown in the figure and are arranged on the antenna axial rod.

[0057] The dual-polarization reflector 130 includes a first reflector and a second reflector arranged orthogonally. The first reflector is the same as the second reflector, and each is composed of a metal piece arranged on the antenna axial rod. The metal piece is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, so that the two ends of the metal piece are symmetrically arranged on the antenna axial rod, and the first reflector and the second reflector are in the same plane. The length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector 130 is longer than the length of any metal piece of the dual-polarization director 110.

[0058] In one embodiment, Fig. 9As shown, the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 includes two identical single-polarization active vibrators arranged orthogonally, namely, the first active vibrator and the second active vibrator, which are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal pieces symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod, one arm of the L-shaped metal piece is a connecting arm 121, which is attached to the antenna axial rod 140, and the port 122 on the connecting arm 121 is connected to the corresponding metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector 130, that is, one L-shaped metal piece of the first active vibrator is connected to the metal piece on one side of the first reflector, and the other L-shaped metal piece of the first active vibrator is connected to the metal piece on the other side of the first reflector, and the second active vibrator is also connected. This is not repeated, and the length of the connecting arm 121 can be adjusted according to actual needs such as the wavelength of the signal received and transmitted by the antenna. The other arm of the L-shaped metal piece is a functional arm 123, and the sum of the lengths of the two functional arms of the active vibrator arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod is greater than the length of any one metal piece of the dual-polarization director 101, and less than the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector 130. The angle between the connecting arm 121 and the functional arm 123 of the L-shaped metal piece can be adjusted according to actual signal receiving and sending requirements. In one embodiment, the angle between the connecting arm 121 and the functional arm 123 of the L-shaped metal piece is 90°.

[0059] See also Fig.10 The relationship between the dual-polarization director 110, the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 and the dual-polarization reflector 130 also includes: the first active vibrator, the first reflector and the first director are in the same plane, the second active vibrator, the second reflector and the second director are in the same plane, and the view of the entire antenna from end A to end B is roughly a cross shape.

[0060] See also Fig.11 and Fig.12 In one embodiment, a feeding structure 200 is provided on both the first active vibrator and the second active vibrator of the dual-polarization active vibrator 130, including: a metal bump 201, as a feeding point, provided on one of the functional arms 123a of the single-polarization active vibrator, for receiving feeding;

[0061] A coaxial line 202, a port at one end of which is connected to the metal bump 201, is used to transmit current to the active vibrator to drive the antenna to work;

[0062] The support member 203 is coated on the outside of the coaxial line 202 and is used to isolate the coaxial line 202 from the external environment. In one embodiment, the support member is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which further plays an insulating role.

[0063] The metal shell 204 is disposed outside the support member 203 , and a portion of the metal shell 204 is embedded in another functional arm 123 b without the metal bump 201 , so as to ground the metal shell and form a potential difference between the coaxial line 202 and the metal shell 204 .

[0064] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 further includes a feed input component, which is connected to the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element. The feed input component is used to input feed to the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna so that the antenna can receive feed and work normally.

[0065] Further, in one embodiment, reference may be made to Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The feed input assembly includes a coaxial feed line 500, and the coaxial feed line 500 connects the feed structure on the first active oscillator and the feed structure on the second active oscillator. Specifically, the coaxial feed line 500 can be a 50-ohm coaxial line, and correspondingly, the input impedance of the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna is 50 ohms. By using the coaxial feed line 500 to provide feed to the feed structure of the antenna, there is no need to use an impedance transformer, saving the feed cost.

[0066] In another embodiment, reference may be made to Fig.13 as well as Fig.14 , Fig.13 and Figure 5 The difference lies in the different structures of the feed input components. Fig.14 and Figure 6 The difference lies in the different structures of the feed input components. Fig.13 as well as Fig.14 In the embodiment, the feed input component includes a balun feed device 600, which connects the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element. The balun feed device 600 is a balanced-unbalanced transformer, and balanced feeding of the antenna element can be achieved through the balun feed device 600.

[0067] In one embodiment, although not shown in the figure, the antenna axial rod 140 includes a first feed assembly plate, a second feed assembly plate, a third feed assembly plate and a fourth feed assembly plate, and the first feed assembly plate, the second feed assembly plate, the third feed assembly plate and the fourth feed assembly plate are enclosed to form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is arranged in the cavity. It can be understood that the dual-polarization reflector, the dual-polarization active vibrator and the dual-polarization director mentioned above are connected to the above-mentioned feed assembly plate, so as to be fixed on the antenna axial rod. For example, the dual-polarization reflector can be connected to the first feed assembly plate, the second feed assembly plate, the third feed assembly plate and the fourth feed assembly plate at the same time, or it can be connected only to the first feed assembly plate and the third feed assembly plate to be fixed on the antenna axial rod. Further, in one embodiment, the material of the dielectric strip can be an inorganic ceramic material or an organic dielectric material, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the dielectric strip is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity, so as to facilitate the dielectric strip to be fixed in the cavity and improve the working stability. By setting dielectric strips in the cavity, the Hansen-Woodyard end-fire condition can be achieved, forming a strong end-fire array. The dielectric constants between each layer of oscillators are different, forming a strong end-fire array, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the gain of the antenna itself.

[0068] In one embodiment, Fig.15 As shown, the RF transceiver device 2 also includes a power amplifier 25 and a low noise amplifier 26, the circulator 22 is connected to the low noise amplifier 26, and the low noise amplifier 26 is connected to the receiver 24; the circulator 22 is connected to the power amplifier 25, and the power amplifier 25 is connected to the transmitter 23. Specifically, the high-gain antenna device 1 is connected to the filter 21, and the filter 21 is respectively connected to the power amplifier 25 and the low noise amplifier 26 through the circulator 22, the power amplifier 25 is connected to the transmitter 23, and the low noise amplifier 26 is connected to the receiver 24, forming a signal transmission channel and a signal reception channel respectively, and the high-gain antenna RF front-end device formed achieves the maximum transmission and reception gain, effectively improving the utilization efficiency of the space. Since the high-gain antenna device 1 is a three-dimensional structure, the three-dimensional array formed configures the original two-dimensional antenna into a three-dimensional high-gain antenna RF front-end device, which can achieve a single beam configuration with maximum gain.

[0069] In this embodiment, a power amplifier 25 and a low noise amplifier 26 are added to the signal transmission channel and the signal receiving channel respectively, the signal to be transmitted is power amplified to increase the transmission power, and the received signal is amplified for subsequent signal processing, thereby improving the communication reliability of the high-gain antenna RF front-end device. In addition, each device in the RF transceiver 2 transmits signals through optical fiber, and the signal transmission speed is fast, the loss is small, and the anti-interference ability is strong, which can further improve the communication reliability of the system.

[0070] In addition, in one embodiment, the high-gain antenna RF front-end device also includes a control device, which is connected to the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23. Specifically, the control device can be an MCU (Micro Control Unit). The control device controls the signal reception and transmission of the high-gain antenna device 1, thereby improving the communication reliability of the antenna system.

[0071] The above-mentioned three-dimensional high-gain antenna RF front-end device first adopts a cross structure to realize the dual-polarization structure of two single-polarization antenna units, realizes a high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna, can reduce signal polarization loss, and make the antenna device have excellent gain in both horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, by arranging a lens on the antenna axial rod of the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna, the lens can compensate and correct the non-uniform spherical wave radiated by the antenna to obtain a uniform spherical wave, thereby realizing phase compensation of the antenna waveform and improving the overall gain of the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna. Secondly, by arranging the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna into an antenna array on a substrate, the high-gain antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the high-gain antenna device can form a vertical plane wave beam, and finally connected with the corresponding radio frequency transceiver, the high-gain antenna device is managed for signal transmission and reception through the corresponding radio frequency transceiver, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

[0072] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0073] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device, characterized in that: include: High-gain antenna device and radio frequency transceiver device; The high-gain antenna device comprises a substrate and two or more high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antennas; Each of the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antennas is arranged on the substrate, the radio frequency transceiver device includes a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, the high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the circulator through an optical fiber, and the circulator is respectively connected to the receiver and the transmitter through optical fibers; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices is two or more, and each of the radio frequency transceiver devices is respectively connected to a corresponding high-gain dual-polarized Yagi antenna; Wherein, the high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna comprises a lens, an antenna axial rod, a dual-polarization reflector, a dual-polarization active vibrator and a dual-polarization director; The dual-polarization reflector, the dual-polarization active vibrator, the dual-polarization director and the lens are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod; the dual-polarization reflector is arranged at the first end of the antenna axial rod, and the dual-polarization director and the lens are arranged at the second end of the antenna axial rod; The dual-polarization director comprises a first director and a second director arranged orthogonally, the first director and the second director comprise a plurality of metal pieces arranged on the axial rod of the antenna, each of the metal pieces is perpendicular to the axial rod of the antenna, the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, the length of each metal piece is shorter than the metal piece adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarization active vibrator, and when the first director and the second director are orthogonally arranged to form the dual-polarization director, every two metal pieces with the same length remain orthogonal and are in the same plane; The dual-polarization reflector comprises a first reflector and a second reflector arranged orthogonally, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively comprise a metal piece arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod, the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod, the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, the first reflector and the first director are in the same plane, the second reflector and the second director are in the same plane, and the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is longer than the length of any metal piece of the dual-polarization director; The dual-polarization active vibrator includes two orthogonally arranged single-polarization active vibrators, namely, a first active vibrator and a second active vibrator, wherein the first active vibrator and the second active vibrator are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal pieces symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod, one arm of the L-shaped metal piece is a connecting arm, which is attached to the antenna axial rod, and a port of the connecting arm is connected to the dual-polarization reflector, and the other arm is a functional arm, and the length of the functional arm is longer than the length of the director and shorter than the length of the reflector; at the same time, the first active vibrator and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active vibrator and the second reflector are in the same plane; The antenna axial rod includes a first feed assembly plate, a second feed assembly plate, a third feed assembly plate and a fourth feed assembly plate, which together form a cavity, a dielectric strip is arranged in the cavity, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the dielectric strip is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity; wherein the material of the dielectric strip is an inorganic ceramic material or an organic dielectric material; by arranging the dielectric strip in the cavity, the Hansen-Woodyard end-fire condition is achieved, the dielectric constants between each layer of oscillators are different, and a strong end-fire array is formed.

2. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: High-gain dual-polarization Yagi antennas of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate, and high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antennas of the same frequency band are respectively connected to the same radio frequency transceiver.

3. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens is a spherical lens, and the lens is fixedly arranged on the second end of the antenna axial rod through a connecting piece.

4. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna further includes a reflection plate, and the reflection plate is arranged on a side of the dual-polarization reflector away from the second end.

5. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna also includes an antenna cover, which is a cavity structure with an open end and a closed end, and the open end is fixed to the reflector.

6. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarization active oscillator further includes a feeding structure arranged on the first active oscillator and a feeding structure arranged on the second active oscillator, each of the feeding structures including: A metal bump, disposed on one of the functional arms, for receiving power supply; A coaxial line, one end of which is connected to the metal bump, and is used to transmit current to the single-polarization active vibrator to drive the antenna to work; A support member, covering the outside of the coaxial line, and used to isolate the coaxial line from the external environment; The metal shell is arranged outside the support member, and a part of the metal shell is embedded in the functional arm where the metal protrusion is not arranged.

7. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-gain dual-polarization Yagi antenna also includes a feed input component, which is connected to the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element.

8. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feed input component includes a coaxial feed line, and the coaxial feed line connects a feed structure on the first active oscillator and a feed structure on the second active oscillator.

9. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feed input component includes a balun feeding device, and the balun feeding device connects the feeding structure on the first active oscillator and the feeding structure on the second active oscillator.

10. The three-dimensional high-gain antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The balun feeding device is a balanced-unbalanced transformer.

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