Vortex Tube

Abstract

A vortex tube provided by the present invention relates to the field of natural gas pretreatment technology, including a shell and a hot and cold separation component arranged in the shell, the shell including a first shell, a second shell and a third shell, and a gas inlet is arranged on the outer side of the first shell; the hot and cold separation component includes a nozzle, a hot end pipe, a hot end valve, a first vortex arrester, and a cold end pipe. Natural gas enters the hot and cold separation component through the gas inlet, and the natural gas will quickly cool down through the nozzle, and then be separated into high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas with opposite spiral motions in the hot end pipe. The vortex tube provided by the present invention has a simple structure and a small maintenance workload, thereby reducing production costs. In particular, the first vortex arrester can reduce the energy loss caused by swirl, realize energy recovery and utilization, and thus improve the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas pretreatment, and in particular to a vortex tube. Background Art

[0002] Natural gas is a green, environmentally friendly, economical, safe and reliable high-quality energy. Natural gas needs to be pretreated after extraction. Natural gas pretreatment mainly separates hydrocarbons and hydrates in natural gas.

[0003] In the related technology, natural gas pretreatment separates hydrocarbons and hydrates in natural gas through membrane separation technology, triethylene glycol dehydration technology, molecular sieves, etc.

[0004] However, the pretreatment method of natural gas pretreatment in the related art has the problem of high production cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a vortex tube to solve the problem of high production cost in the pretreatment method of natural gas pretreatment in the related art.

[0006] The present invention provides a vortex tube, comprising a shell and a cold and hot separation assembly arranged in the shell; the shell comprises a first shell, a second shell and a third shell, the first end of the first shell is provided with a cold outlet, the outer side of the first shell is provided with a gas inlet, the first end of the third shell is provided with a hot outlet, the second end of the first shell is detachably connected to the first end of the second shell, and the second end of the second shell is detachably connected to the second end of the third shell;

[0007] The hot and cold separation component includes a nozzle, a hot end pipe, a hot end valve, a first vortex arrester, and a cold end pipe. The nozzle is located in the first shell, and the nozzle is fixed between the hot end pipe and the cold end pipe. The first vortex arrester is connected to the first end of the hot end pipe. The hot end valve is located at the end of the first vortex arrester away from the hot end pipe, and the hot end valve is connected to the third shell.

[0008] Optionally, the first vortex arrester includes a first shaft and a plurality of first blades, wherein the plurality of first blades are fixedly connected to the first shaft, and the first blades extend along a three-dimensional curve in the axial direction of the first shaft.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of the first blades are spaced apart in the circumferential direction outside the first shaft body.

[0010] Optionally, a first circular cavity is provided on the first shaft, and the first circular cavity is used for low-temperature gas to pass through the first circular cavity to reach the hot end valve, and then return to the cold end pipe to be discharged from the cold outlet.

[0011] Optionally, a second vortex arrester is further included, wherein the second vortex arrester is connected to the cold outlet, and the second vortex arrester is used to convert the spiral motion of the low-temperature gas in the cold end pipe into parallel linear motion through the second vortex arrester.

[0012] Optionally, the second vortex arrester includes a second shaft body and a plurality of second blades, wherein the plurality of second blades are fixedly connected to the second shaft body, and the second blades extend along a three-dimensional curve in the axial direction of the second shaft body.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of the second blades are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the outer side of the second shaft body.

[0014] Optionally, the second vortex arrester is fixed to the cold outlet via a flange;

[0015] A seal is also provided between the flange and the second vortex arrester, and the seal is used to prevent leakage of cryogenic gas.

[0016] Optionally, the hot end valve is screwed onto the third housing, and the hot end valve can adjust the distance between the hot end valve and one end of the first vortex blocker.

[0017] Optionally, the first shell and the cold end tube form a buffer cavity, and the buffer cavity is used to buffer the gas entering the nozzle.

[0018] The present invention provides a vortex tube, comprising a shell and a cold-hot separation component arranged in the shell, the shell comprising a first shell, a second shell and a third shell, the first end of the first shell is provided with a cold outlet, the outer side of the first shell is provided with a gas inlet, the first end of the third shell is provided with a hot outlet, the second end of the first shell is detachably connected to the first end of the second shell, and the second end of the second shell is detachably connected to the second end of the third shell; the cold-hot separation component comprises a nozzle, a hot end pipe, a hot end valve, a first vortex blocker, and a cold end pipe, the nozzle is located in the first shell, the nozzle is fixed between the hot end pipe and the cold end pipe, the first vortex blocker is fixed at the first end of the hot end pipe, the hot end valve is located at one end of the first vortex blocker away from the hot end pipe, the hot end valve is connected to the third shell, the natural gas enters the cold-hot separation component through the gas inlet, the natural gas will quickly cool down through the nozzle, and then be separated into high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas with opposite spiral motion in the hot end pipe. The vortex tube provided by the present invention has a simple structure and a small maintenance workload, thereby reducing the production cost, especially the first vortex blocker provided by the present invention can reduce the energy loss caused by the swirl, realize energy recovery and utilization, thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vortex tube provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of part of the structure of the middle nozzle;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first vortex arrester;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second vortex arrester.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 10- housing;

[0027] 11- first housing;

[0028] 111 - a first end of the first housing;

[0029] 112 - a second end of the first housing;

[0030] 12- second housing;

[0031] 121 - a first end of the second housing;

[0032] 122 - a second end of the second housing;

[0033] 13- third housing;

[0034] 131 - a first end of a third housing;

[0035] 132 - a second end of the third housing;

[0036] 14-cold outlet;

[0037] 15- Gas inlet;

[0038] 16-heat outlet;

[0039] 20-cold and hot separation components;

[0040] 21-nozzle;

[0041] 22-hot end pipe;

[0042] 221-first end of the hot end tube;

[0043] 222 - second end of the hot end tube;

[0044] 23-hot end valve;

[0045] 24- first vortex arrester;

[0046] 241- first axis;

[0047] 2411-first circular cavity;

[0048] 242-first blade;

[0049] 25-cold end pipe;

[0050] 251-Part 1;

[0051] 252-Part II;

[0052] 26- second vortex blocker;

[0053] 261- second axis;

[0054] 262- second blade;

[0055] 263-Flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0058] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0060] In the above description, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0061] Natural gas is a green, environmentally friendly, economical, safe and reliable high-quality energy. Natural gas needs to be pretreated after extraction. Natural gas pretreatment mainly separates hydrocarbons and hydrates in natural gas. In related technologies, natural gas pretreatment separates hydrocarbons and hydrates in natural gas through membrane separation technology, triethylene glycol dehydration technology, molecular sieves, etc. However, the pretreatment method of natural gas pretreatment in related technologies has the problem of high production cost.

[0062] In order to solve the above problems, the vortex tube provided by the present invention allows natural gas to enter the cold and hot separation component through the gas inlet, and the natural gas will quickly cool down through the nozzle, and then be separated into high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas in spiral motion in the hot end tube. The vortex tube provided by the present invention has a simple structure and a small maintenance workload, thereby reducing production costs. In particular, the first vortex arrester provided by the present invention can reduce the energy loss caused by the swirl, realize energy recovery and utilization, and thus improve the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0063] The vortex tube provided by the invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0064] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vortex tube provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of part of the structure of the middle nozzle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first vortex arrester; Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second vortex arrester.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a vortex tube, including a shell 10 and a cold and hot separation assembly 20 arranged in the shell 10. The shell 10 includes a first shell 11, a second shell 12 and a third shell 13, the first end 111 of the first shell is provided with a cold outlet 14, the outer side of the first shell 11 is provided with a gas inlet 15, the first end 131 of the third shell is provided with a hot outlet 16, the second end 112 of the first shell is detachably connected to the first end 121 of the second shell, and the second end 122 of the second shell is detachably connected to the second end 132 of the third shell; the cold and hot separation assembly 20 includes a nozzle 21, a hot end pipe 22, a hot end valve 23, a first vortex arrester 24, and a cold end pipe 25, the nozzle 21 is located in the first shell 11, the nozzle 21 is fixed between the hot end pipe 22 and the cold end pipe 25, the first vortex arrester 24 is connected to the first end 221 of the hot end pipe, the hot end valve 23 is located at one end of the first vortex arrester 24 away from the hot end pipe 22, and the hot end valve 23 is connected to the third shell 13.

[0066] The second end 112 of the first shell and the first end 121 of the second shell can be fixedly connected by bolts and flanges. In other implementations, the second end 112 of the first shell and the first end 121 of the second shell can also be connected by welding, which is not limited in the present invention.

[0067] The second end 122 of the second housing and the second end 132 of the third housing may be connected via a lead screw. In other implementations, the second end 122 of the second housing and the second end 132 of the third housing may also be connected via a welding sleeve, which is not limited in the present invention.

[0068] Positioning holes are provided on the first shell 11 , the second shell 12 and the third shell 13 , so as to facilitate the positioning and installation of the cold and hot separation assembly 20 .

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, a flow channel for gas to enter the nozzle 21 is provided in the nozzle 21, and the flow channel is a tapered type. The gas expands and accelerates in the nozzle 21, and the gas temperature drops rapidly, and then enters the hot end pipe 22 for hot and cold separation, forming two gases with different temperatures and opposite spiral directions, the outer layer is high-temperature gas, and the inner layer is low-temperature gas.

[0070] It should be noted that the gas entering the nozzle 21 is a gas with a certain pressure, such as high-pressure gas, high-pressure air, etc. The nozzle 21 can be made by casting, or by processing the nozzle 21 into two parts and then welding the two parts.

[0071] The cross-sectional area of ​​the hot end pipe 22 gradually decreases from the first end 221 of the hot end pipe to the second end 222 of the hot end pipe. When two gases with different temperatures and opposite spiral directions move in the hot end pipe 22, the cross-sectional area gradually increases from the second end 222 of the hot end pipe to the first end 221 of the hot end pipe, so that the two gases are better separated. Of course, in other implementations, the hot end pipe 22 can also be a pipe with the same cross-sectional area.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the first vortex arrester 24 is located at the first end 221 of the hot end tube. The two streams of gas in the hot end tube 22 spirally move forward from the second end 222 of the hot end tube to the first end 221 of the hot end tube, the outer layer is high-temperature gas, and the inner layer is low-temperature gas. When the high-temperature gas of the outer layer passes through the first vortex arrester 24, the spiral motion of the high-temperature gas of the outer layer becomes parallel linear motion, and the low-temperature gas of the inner layer passes through the middle of the first vortex arrester 24 and contacts the hot end valve 23. The high-temperature gas of the outer layer passes through the first vortex arrester 24 to reduce the energy loss caused by the spiral motion, realize energy recovery and utilization, and thus improve the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0073] In an optional embodiment, the first vortex arrester 24 can be composed of a plurality of first blades 242 and a plurality of connecting plates, and adjacent first blades 242 are connected by connecting plates. The curved surface of the first blade 242 is an arbitrary curve that intersects with a cylindrical surface and maintains a certain angle with the normal of the cylindrical surface at the intersection, and is a curved surface formed by continuous movement along a smooth curve on the cylindrical surface. The first vortex arrester 24 is first fixed in the pipeline, and then fixedly connected to the hot end pipe 22 through the pipeline. Adjacent first blades 242 and the pipeline form a high-temperature channel. After the high-temperature gas passes through the high-temperature channel, the spiral motion of the high-temperature gas becomes a parallel linear motion; after the low-temperature gas contacts the hot end valve 23, it flows back along the first circular cavity 2411.

[0074] It should be noted that the two spirally moving gases will generate viscous flow loss and residual speed loss in the hot end tube 22 due to the spiral motion in the hot end tube 22, that is, the two spirally moving gases will cause energy loss in the hot end tube 22 due to viscous flow, and will also cause energy loss due to speed loss, which will cause the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube to decrease. Therefore, a first vortex blocker 24 is installed at the first end 221 of the hot end tube, so that when the high-temperature gas of the outer layer passes through the first vortex blocker 24, the spiral motion of the high-temperature gas of the outer layer becomes a parallel linear motion, thereby effectively reducing the energy loss caused by the spiral, realizing energy recovery and utilization, and thus improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube. It should also be pointed out that by fixing the first vortex blocker 24 at the first end 221 of the hot end tube, the aspect ratio of the vortex tube, that is, the ratio of the length of the hot end tube to the diameter, can be effectively shortened, thereby reducing the occupied space of the vortex tube, thereby improving the space utilization.

[0075] The hot end valve 23 is arranged at one end of the first vortex arrester 24 away from the hot end pipe 22, and is connected to the third shell 13. After the two gases with different temperatures pass through the first vortex arrester 24, the high temperature gas is discharged from the outside of the hot end valve 23, and the low temperature gas contacts the hot end valve 23 and flows back along the hot end pipe 22, enters the cold end pipe 25, and is discharged from the cold outlet 14.

[0076] The cold end pipe 25 includes a first part 251 and a second part 252, and the first part 251 and the second part 252 are fixedly connected. One end of the first part 251 is connected to the nozzle 21, and the other end of the first part 251 is connected to the second part 252. The cross-sectional area of ​​the channel through which the low-temperature gas passes in the first part 251 remains unchanged; the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel through which the low-temperature gas passes in the second part 252 gradually increases in the direction of the low-temperature gas discharge, and is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel through which the low-temperature gas passes in the first part 251. When the low-temperature gas flows back along the hot end pipe 22 into the cold end pipe 25, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel through which the low-temperature gas passes in the first part 251 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel through which the low-temperature gas passes in the second part 252, the discharge of the low-temperature gas from the cold end pipe 25 can be accelerated.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, when the gas at a certain pressure is high-pressure natural gas, the high-pressure natural gas enters the flow channel of the nozzle 21 from the gas inlet 15, and the high-pressure natural gas expands and accelerates in the nozzle 21, and the gas temperature will drop rapidly, and then enter the hot end pipe 22 for hot and cold separation, forming two gases with different temperatures and opposite spiral directions, the outer layer is high-temperature gas, and the inner layer is low-temperature gas. When the high-temperature gas passes through the first vortex arrester 24, the spiral motion of the high-temperature gas becomes parallel linear motion; the low-temperature gas passes through the middle of the first vortex arrester 24 and contacts the hot end valve 23, and then flows back along the hot end pipe 22, enters the cold end pipe 25 and is discharged. The high-pressure natural gas will be rapidly cooled down through the vortex tube nozzle and separated into high-temperature gas and low-temperature gas in spiral motion, wherein the freezing point of the low-temperature gas is lower than the freezing point of the high-temperature gas, so that it can be used in the natural gas pretreatment process. The vortex tube provided by the present invention has a simple structure and a small maintenance workload, thereby reducing the production cost, and the first vortex arrester 24 can also reduce the energy loss caused by the spiral, realize energy recovery, and thus improve the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0078] The present invention provides a vortex tube, comprising a shell 10 and a cold and hot separation assembly 20 arranged in the shell 10, wherein the shell 10 comprises a first shell 11, a second shell 12 and a third shell 13, wherein a first end 111 of the first shell is provided with a cold outlet 14, a gas inlet 15 is provided on the outer side of the first shell 11, a hot outlet 16 is provided on the first end 131 of the third shell, a second end 112 of the first shell is detachably connected to a first end 121 of the second shell, and a second end 122 of the second shell is detachably connected to a second end 132 of the third shell; the cold and hot separation assembly 20 comprises Nozzle 21, hot end pipe 22, hot end valve 23, first vortex arrester 24, cold end pipe 25, nozzle 21 is located in the first shell 11, nozzle 21 is fixed between hot end pipe 22 and cold end pipe 25, first vortex arrester 24 is connected to the first end 221 of the hot end pipe, hot end valve 23 is located at the end of the first vortex arrester 24 away from the hot end pipe 22, hot end valve 23 is connected to the third shell 13, natural gas enters the cold and hot separation component 20 through the gas inlet 15, natural gas will be rapidly cooled through the nozzle 21, and then separated into high temperature gas and low temperature gas in spiral motion in the hot end pipe 22. The vortex tube provided by the present invention has a simple structure and a small maintenance workload, thereby reducing production costs, especially fixing the first vortex arrester 24 at the first end 221 of the hot end pipe, which can reduce the energy loss caused by the spiral, realize energy recovery and utilization, and thus improve the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0079] Optionally, the first vortex damper 24 includes a first shaft body 241 and a plurality of first blades 242 , the plurality of first blades 242 are fixedly connected to the first shaft body 241 , and the first blades 242 extend along a three-dimensional curve in the axial direction of the first shaft body 241 .

[0080] The plurality of first blades 242 are connected to the first shaft 241 by welding. Adjacent first blades 242, the first shaft 241, and the inner wall of the pipe form a high-temperature channel for the high-temperature gas to pass through. The high-temperature gas passing through the high-temperature channel can convert the spiral motion of the high-temperature gas into parallel linear motion, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by the spiral, realizing energy recovery and utilization, and thus improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0081] The first shaft 241 is provided with a cavity for low-temperature gas to pass through, wherein the cavity is circular.

[0082] It should be noted that the blade surface formed by the first blade 242 extending along the three-dimensional curve in the axial direction of the first shaft body 241 is an arbitrary curve that intersects with a cylindrical surface and maintains a certain angle with the normal of the cylindrical surface at the intersection, and is a surface formed by continuous movement along a smooth curve on the cylindrical surface.

[0083] Optionally, the plurality of first blades 242 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction outside the first shaft body 241 .

[0084] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of first blades 242 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction on the outer side of the first shaft 241, so that the spiral motion of the high-temperature gas can be more fully converted into parallel linear motion, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by the spiral, realizing energy recovery and utilization, and thus improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0085] Optionally, a first circular cavity 2411 is provided on the first shaft 241 , and the first circular cavity 2411 is used for low-temperature gas to pass through the first circular cavity 2411 to reach the hot end valve 23 , and then return to the cold end pipe 25 to be discharged from the cold outlet 14 .

[0086] In an optional embodiment, when two gases of different temperatures pass through the first vortex arrester 24, the high-temperature gas can change the spiral motion of the high-temperature gas into parallel linear motion through the high-temperature passage, and then be discharged from the outside of the hot-end valve 23, and the low-temperature gas passes through the first circular cavity 2411 and contacts the hot-end valve 23, then flows back along the hot-end pipe 22, enters the cold-end pipe 25, and is discharged from the cold outlet 14. By arranging the first circular cavity 2411 on the first shaft 241, the low-temperature gas can be prevented from flowing back in advance, thereby making the separation of the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature gas more complete.

[0087] Optionally, a second vortex arrester 26 is further included, which is connected to the cold outlet 14 and is used to convert the low-temperature gas in the cold end pipe 25 passing through the second vortex arrester 26 from spiral motion to parallel linear motion.

[0088] The second vortex arrester 26 may be composed of a plurality of second blades 262 and a plurality of connecting plates, and adjacent second blades 262 are connected by connecting plates. The curved surface of the second blade 262 is an arbitrary curve that intersects with a cylindrical surface and maintains a certain angle of intersection with the normal of the cylindrical surface at the intersection point, and is a curved surface formed by continuous movement along a smooth curve on the cylindrical surface. In other implementations, the second vortex arrester 26 may also be a plurality of second blades 262 fixed on a shaft.

[0089] In an optional embodiment, after the low-temperature gas contacts the hot-end valve 23, it flows back along the hot-end tube 22 and enters the cold-end tube 25. The low-temperature gas moves in a spiral motion in the cold-end tube 25. When the low-temperature gas passes through the second vortex blocker 26, the spiral motion of the low-temperature gas becomes a parallel linear motion, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by the spiral motion of the low-temperature gas, realizing energy recovery and utilization, and thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0090] Furthermore, when the gas at a certain pressure is high-pressure natural gas, the high-pressure natural gas enters the flow channel of the nozzle 21 from the gas inlet 15, and the high-pressure natural gas expands and accelerates in the nozzle 21, and the gas temperature will drop rapidly, and then enter the hot end pipe 22 for hot and cold separation, forming two gases with different temperatures and opposite spiral directions, the outer layer is high-temperature gas, and the inner layer is low-temperature gas. When the high-temperature gas passes through the first vortex arrester 24, the spiral motion of the high-temperature gas becomes parallel linear motion; the low-temperature gas passes through the middle of the first vortex arrester 24 and contacts the hot end valve 23, and then flows back along the hot end pipe 22 and enters the cold end pipe 25. The low-temperature gas spirally moves in the cold end pipe 25. When the low-temperature gas passes through the second vortex arrester 26, the spiral motion of the low-temperature gas becomes parallel linear motion, which can reduce the energy loss caused by the spiral motion of the low-temperature gas and realize energy recovery and utilization, thereby further improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0091] Optionally, the second vortex blocker 26 includes a second shaft body 261 and a plurality of second blades 262 , the plurality of second blades 262 are fixedly connected to the second shaft body 261 , and the second blades 262 extend along a three-dimensional curve in the axial direction of the second shaft body.

[0092] Among them, Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of second blades 262 are fixedly connected to the second shaft 261 by welding. A low-temperature channel for low-temperature gas to pass through is formed between adjacent second blades 262 and the cold end tube 25. The low-temperature channel can convert the spiral motion of the low-temperature gas into parallel linear motion, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by the spiral, realizing energy recovery and utilization, and thus improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0093] The second shaft 261 is circular in shape.

[0094] It should be noted that the implementation principles and technical effects of the multiple second blades 262 on the second vortex blocker 26 are similar to those of the multiple first blades 242 on the first vortex blocker 24, which will not be repeated here.

[0095] Optionally, the plurality of second blades 262 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction outside the second shaft body 261 .

[0096] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of second blades 262 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction on the outer side of the second shaft 261, so that the spiral motion of the low-temperature gas can be more fully converted into parallel linear motion, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by the spiral, realizing energy recovery and utilization, and thus improving the refrigeration efficiency of the vortex tube.

[0097] Optionally, the second vortex arrester 26 is fixed to the cold outlet via a flange 263 , and a seal is provided between the flange 263 and the second vortex arrester 26 , and the seal is used to prevent leakage of the cryogenic gas.

[0098] The sealing member may be an O-ring. In other implementations, the sealing member may also be a combination of an O-ring and a sealant.

[0099] In an optional implementation, in order to prevent the low-temperature gas from leaking between the cold end pipe 25 , the second vortex arrester 26 , and the flange 263 , a seal is installed between the cold end pipe 25 , the second vortex arrester 26 , and the flange 263 .

[0100] Optionally, the hot end valve 23 is screwed onto the third housing 13 , and the hot end valve 23 can adjust the distance between the hot end valve 23 and the end of the first vortex blocker 24 away from the hot end pipe 22 .

[0101] Among them, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the flow rate of high-temperature gas discharged from the outside of the hot-end valve 23, the hot-end valve 23 and the third shell 13 are connected by threads, so that the distance between the hot-end valve 23 and the end of the first vortex blocker 24 away from the hot-end pipe 22 can be adjusted, and the flow rate of high-temperature gas discharged from the outside of the hot-end valve 23 can be controlled.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, one end of the hot-end valve 23 in contact with the low-temperature gas is conical, and the other end of the hot-end valve 23 is cylindrical. A thread is provided on the other end of the hot-end valve 23, and a threaded hole is provided on the third shell 13. The other end of the hot-end valve 23 is installed in the threaded hole, so that the distance between the hot-end valve 23 and the end of the first vortex blocker 24 away from the hot-end pipe 22 can be adjusted, and the flow rate of the high-temperature gas discharged from the outside of the hot-end valve 23 can be controlled.

[0103] It should be noted that when the hot-end valve 23 and the third shell 13 are connected by threads, in order to improve the sealing of the vortex tube, a sealing sleeve can be installed on the third shell 13, and the other end of the hot-end valve 23 is located in the sealing sleeve to prevent high-temperature gas leakage at the threaded connection between the hot-end valve 23 and the third shell 13, thereby improving the sealing of the vortex tube.

[0104] Optionally, the first shell 11 and the cold end pipe 25 enclose a buffer chamber 17 , and the buffer chamber 17 is used to buffer gas entering the nozzle 21 .

[0105] Among them, the gas entering the nozzle 21 is a gas with a certain pressure. In order to reduce the impact of the gas on the nozzle 21, a buffer chamber 17 is formed between the first shell 11 and the cold end tube 25. The gas first enters the buffer chamber 17, and then the gas enters the nozzle 21 from the buffer chamber 17, thereby buffering the impact of the gas on the nozzle 21, thereby reducing the impact of the gas on the nozzle 21.

[0106] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vortex tube, characterized in that: It comprises a shell and a cold and hot separation component arranged in the shell; The shell comprises a first shell, a second shell and a third shell, the first end of the first shell is provided with a cold outlet, the outer side of the first shell is provided with a gas inlet, the first end of the third shell is provided with a hot outlet, the second end of the first shell is detachably connected to the first end of the second shell, and the second end of the second shell is detachably connected to the second end of the third shell; The hot and cold separation component includes a nozzle, a hot end pipe, a hot end valve, a first vortex arrester, and a cold end pipe. The nozzle is located in the first shell, and the nozzle is fixed between the hot end pipe and the cold end pipe. The first vortex arrester is connected to the first end of the hot end pipe. The hot end valve is located at the end of the first vortex arrester away from the hot end pipe, and the hot end valve is connected to the third shell.

2. The vortex tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first vortex arrester includes a first shaft body and a plurality of first blades. The plurality of first blades are fixedly connected to the first shaft body. The first blades extend along a three-dimensional curve in the axial direction of the first shaft body.

3. The vortex tube according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of first blades are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction outside the first shaft body.

4. The vortex tube according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first circular cavity is arranged on the first shaft, and the first circular cavity is used for low-temperature gas to pass through the first circular cavity to reach the hot end valve, and then return to the cold end pipe to be discharged from the cold outlet.

5. The vortex tube according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a second vortex arrester, which is connected to the cold outlet and is used to convert the low-temperature gas in the cold end pipe through the second vortex arrester from spiral motion to parallel linear motion.

6. The vortex tube according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second vortex arrester includes a second shaft body and a plurality of second blades. The plurality of second blades are fixedly connected to the second shaft body. The second blades extend along a three-dimensional curve in the axial direction of the second shaft body.

7. The vortex tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of second blades are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction outside the second shaft body.

8. The vortex tube according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The second vortex arrester is fixed to the cold outlet via a flange; A seal is also provided between the flange and the second vortex arrester, and the seal is used to prevent leakage of cryogenic gas.

9. The vortex tube according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The hot end valve is screwed onto the third housing, and the distance between the hot end valve and one end of the first vortex arrester can be adjusted.

10. The vortex tube according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The first shell and the cold end tube form a buffer cavity, and the buffer cavity is used to buffer the gas entering the nozzle.

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