Three-dimensional enhanced antenna RF front-end device

Abstract

The present application relates to a three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device, the enhanced antenna device includes a substrate and two or more enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas; the radio frequency transceiver device includes a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter. The above-mentioned radio frequency front-end device firstly sets an F-B covering layer, and the F-B covering layer can form an F-B resonant cavity with the plane where the first end of the antenna axial rod is located, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna are superimposed in phase in the resonant cavity, thereby improving the radiation gain of the antenna. Secondly, by setting the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas into an antenna array on the substrate, the enhanced antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the enhanced antenna device can form a vertical plane beam, and finally connected with the corresponding radio frequency transceiver device, the corresponding radio frequency transceiver device is used to manage the signal transmission and reception of the enhanced antenna device, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are an essential component of any radio communication system. Although the tasks to be performed by various types of radio equipment are different, the role of antennas in the equipment is basically the same. Any radio equipment transmits information through radio waves, so it must have a device that can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves.

[0003] Traditional antenna RF front-ends are mainly single-polarized antennas, and there are also array antennas, but they are mainly vertical arrays. These antenna structures are all two-dimensional settings, and it is difficult to achieve high gain, which makes the traditional antenna system have limited improvement in communication performance and poor gain effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a three-dimensional enhanced antenna RF front-end device with improved gain to address the problem of poor gain effect of traditional antennas.

[0005] A three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device, comprising: a radio frequency transceiver device and an enhanced antenna device;

[0006] The enhanced antenna device includes a substrate and two or more enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas; each enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna is arranged on the substrate, the radio frequency transceiver device includes a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the circulator through an optical fiber, and the circulator is respectively connected to the receiver and the transmitter through the optical fiber; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices is two or more, and each radio frequency transceiver device is respectively connected to the corresponding enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna;

[0007] The enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna includes an FB covering layer, an antenna axial rod, a dual-polarization reflector, a dual-polarization active vibrator and a dual-polarization director;

[0008] A dual-polarization reflector, a dual-polarization active vibrator, a dual-polarization director and an FB covering layer are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod; the dual-polarization reflector is arranged at the first end of the antenna axial rod, the dual-polarization director is arranged at the second end of the antenna axial rod, the FB covering layer is spaced apart from the dual-polarization director and is far away from the first end of the antenna axial rod, and the plane where the FB covering layer is located is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod;

[0009] The dual-polarization director comprises a first director and a second director which are orthogonally arranged. The first director and the second director comprise a plurality of metal pieces arranged on an axial rod of the antenna. Each metal piece is perpendicular to the axial rod of the antenna, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece. The length of each metal piece is shorter than the metal piece adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarization active vibrator. When the first director and the second director are orthogonally arranged to form the dual-polarization director, every two metal pieces with the same length remain orthogonal and are in the same plane.

[0010] The dual-polarization reflector comprises a first reflector and a second reflector which are orthogonally arranged, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively comprise a metal piece arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod, the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod, the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, the first reflector and the first director are in the same plane, the second reflector and the second director are in the same plane, and the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is longer than the length of any metal piece of the dual-polarization director;

[0011] The dual-polarization active vibrator includes two orthogonally arranged single-polarization active vibrators, namely a first active vibrator and a second active vibrator. The first active vibrator and the second active vibrator are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod. One arm of the L-shaped metal part is a connecting arm, which is attached to the antenna axial rod, and the port of the connecting arm is connected to the dual-polarization reflector. The other arm is a functional arm, and the length of the functional arm is longer than the length of the director and shorter than the length of the reflector. At the same time, the first active vibrator and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active vibrator and the second reflector are in the same plane.

[0012] The above-mentioned three-dimensional enhanced antenna RF front-end device firstly adopts a cross structure to realize the dual-polarization structure of two single-polarization antenna units, realizes an enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna, can reduce signal polarization loss, and make the enhanced antenna device have excellent gain in both horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, by arranging an FB covering layer on the antenna axial rod of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna, the FB covering layer can form an FB resonant cavity with the plane where the first end of the antenna axial rod is located, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna are superimposed in phase in the resonant cavity, thereby improving the radiation gain of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna. Secondly, by arranging the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna into an antenna array on a substrate, the enhanced antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the enhanced antenna device can form a vertical plane beam, and finally connected with the corresponding RF transceiver, the corresponding RF transceiver is used to manage the signal transmission and reception of the enhanced antenna device, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

[0013] In one embodiment, enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate, and enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas of the same frequency band are respectively connected to the same radio frequency transceiver.

[0014] In one embodiment, the number of FB covering layers is more than two, and each FB covering layer is stacked and arranged at intervals from the dual-polarization director and away from the first end of the antenna axial rod.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the FB covering layer includes a top plate and a patch, wherein the patch is disposed on a side of the top plate close to the second end of the antenna axial rod.

[0016] In one embodiment, the patch is a rectangular patch or a circular patch, and a cross-shaped groove is formed on one side of the patch close to the second end of the antenna axial rod.

[0017] In one embodiment, the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna further includes a reflection plate, which is disposed at the first end of the antenna axial rod, and the dual-polarization reflector is disposed on the reflection plate.

[0018] In one embodiment, the dual-polarization active oscillator further includes a feeding structure arranged on the first active oscillator and a feeding structure arranged on the second active oscillator, and each feeding structure includes:

[0019] A metal bump is provided on a functional arm and is used for receiving power supply;

[0020] A coaxial line, one end of which is connected to a metal bump, and is used to transmit current to the single-polarization active vibrator to drive the antenna to work;

[0021] A support member, covering the outside of the coaxial line, and used to isolate the coaxial line from the external environment;

[0022] The metal shell is arranged outside the support member, and a part of the metal shell is embedded in the functional arm without the metal protrusion.

[0023] In one of the embodiments, the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna further includes a coaxial feed line, wherein the coaxial feed line connects a feeding structure on the first active element and a feeding structure on the second active element.

[0024] In one of the embodiments, the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna further includes a balun feeding device, which connects the feeding structure on the first active element and the feeding structure on the second active element.

[0025] In one embodiment, the antenna axial rod includes a first feed assembly plate, a second feed assembly plate, a third feed assembly plate and a fourth feed assembly plate, and the first feed assembly plate, the second feed assembly plate, the third feed assembly plate and the fourth feed assembly plate together form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is arranged in the cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of a three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a reinforced antenna device in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the distribution of an enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the distribution of an enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 A front view of the overall structure of an enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 A rear view of the overall structure of an enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of each component of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of various components of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0035] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an active oscillator in one embodiment;

[0036] Fig.10 A side view of an enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna in one embodiment;

[0037] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a feeding structure in one direction in an embodiment;

[0038] Fig.12 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding structure in another direction in an embodiment;

[0039] Fig.13 A front view of the overall structure of an enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0040] Fig.14 A rear view of the overall structure of an enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna in another embodiment;

[0041] Fig.15 It is a structural block diagram of a three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device in another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0043] In one embodiment, a three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device is provided, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes an enhanced antenna device 1 and a radio frequency transceiver device 2; the enhanced antenna device 1 includes a substrate 11 and two or more enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12, each of which is arranged on the substrate 11, and the radio frequency transceiver device 2 includes a filter 21 (used to filter out harmonic clutter and reduce interference), a circulator 22, a transmitter 23 and a receiver 24, each of which is connected to the filter 21 on the substrate 11, and the filter 21 is connected to the circulator 22 through an optical fiber, and the circulator 22 is respectively connected to the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23 through the optical fiber; the number of the radio frequency transceiver devices 2 is two or more, and each of the radio frequency transceiver devices 2 is respectively connected to the corresponding enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12. Specifically, the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 is vertically arranged on the substrate 11, and since the number of the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 and the radio frequency transceiver 2 is two or more, there is a corresponding relationship when they are connected. For example, one radio frequency transceiver 2 can be connected to only one enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12, or one radio frequency transceiver 2 can be connected to multiple enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 at the same time, or one enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 can be connected to multiple radio frequency transceiver devices 2 at the same time, which can facilitate the management of signal reception and transmission. Furthermore, the material of the substrate 11 is not unique, and can be a metal plate or a plastic plate. In this embodiment, the substrate 11 is a metal substrate, and fixing parts (such as fixing bolts) are respectively arranged at the four corners of the substrate 11. The substrate 11 is fixed to the ground by the fixing parts, thereby improving the fixing reliability of the substrate 11. The frequency bands of each enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 can be the same or different. In this embodiment, enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate 11. Figure 3 As shown, the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 includes a band 1 antenna and a band 2 antenna, and the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of two different frequency bands are cross-arranged. The specific structural dimensions of the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands are also different, such as Figure 4The diagram shows a staggered high-gain array of enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands. The antenna of frequency band 1 is a low-frequency antenna with a higher height, and the antenna of frequency band 2 is a high-frequency antenna with a lower height. It should be noted that, in one embodiment, the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of the same frequency band are connected to the same radio frequency transceiver device 2. For example, there are two radio frequency transceiver devices 2, namely, radio frequency transceiver device ① and radio frequency transceiver device ②. The number of enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of frequency band 1 is two, and the number of enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of frequency band 2 is also two. Then, the two enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of frequency band 1 are connected to the radio frequency transceiver device ①, and the two enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of frequency band 2 are connected to the radio frequency transceiver device ②. The enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 of different frequency bands are placed crosswise, that is, the distance between the two enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas 12 is enlarged, which indirectly increases the effective aperture area and improves the antenna gain.

[0044] For further information, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 , the specific structure of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna 12 is shown, which includes an FB covering layer 400, a dual-polarization director 110, a dual-polarization active vibrator 120, a dual-polarization reflector 130 and an antenna axial rod 140. The dual-polarization director 110, the dual-polarization active vibrator 120, the dual-polarization reflector 130 and the FB covering layer 400 are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod 140; and the dual-polarization reflector 130 is arranged at the first end of the antenna axial rod 140, the dual-polarization director 110 is arranged at the second end of the antenna axial rod 140, the FB covering layer 400 is spaced apart from the dual-polarization director 110 and is away from the first end of the antenna axial rod 140, and the plane where the FB covering layer 400 is located is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140.

[0045] Among them, the FB covering layer 400 can be a rectangular patch or a circular patch or a cross-shaped patch, and its function is to form a reflecting surface a. Specifically, taking the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 set on the substrate 11 as an example (the substrate 11 is set on the horizontal ground), that is, the first end of the antenna axial rod 140 is used as the near-ground end, and the second end of the antenna axial rod 140 is used as the far-ground end. At this time, the antenna floor (that is, the ground is used as the antenna floor) is the reflecting surface b, and the FB covering layer 400 forms the reflecting surface a, and a FB resonant cavity (that is, a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity) is formed between the reflecting surface a and the reflecting surface b. The other components of the entire enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 are located between the reflecting surface a and the reflecting surface b (that is, located in the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity). The electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna vibrator (such as the dual-polarized active vibrator 120) in the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 are superimposed in phase in the FB resonant cavity, thereby improving the radiation gain of the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12.

[0046] It should be noted here that the type of FB covering layer 400 is not unique. For example, the FB covering layer 400 can adopt a gradient dielectric constant covering layer. Using different dielectric constants at different positions of the covering layer can make the phase distribution curve more uniform and improve the quality of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12. The setting method of the FB covering layer 400 is also not unique. For example, it can be fixedly set at the second end of the antenna axial rod 140 when leaving the factory or installing to keep the position fixed, so that the FB covering layer 400 and the antenna axial rod 140 are structurally integrated, which can avoid interference factors caused by installation and improve working performance. It can also be set at the second end of the antenna axial rod 140 through a connector. The type of the connector is not unique, and it can be a foam connector or a connecting column, etc. Further, it can also be detachably fixed to the second end of the antenna axial rod 140 through a connector. The FB covering layer 400 is installed when needed without disassembly, which is convenient to use. When the FB covering layer 400 is damaged and cannot be used, only the FB covering layer 400 can be replaced, avoiding the overall replacement of the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna and saving maintenance costs.

[0047] It should be noted that Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 Only the overall structure of the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 is shown. Figure 7-12 The specific structures of the dual-polarization director 110, the dual-polarization active oscillator 120 and the dual-polarization reflector 130 will be described in detail.

[0048] In one embodiment, reference Figure 5 , the number of FB covering layers 400 is more than two ( Figure 5 Only one FB covering layer 400 is shown in the figure, and each FB covering layer 400 is stacked and arranged at intervals with the dual-polarization director 110 and away from the first end of the antenna axial rod 140. Taking the first end of the antenna axial rod 140 as the near-ground end and the second end of the antenna axial rod 140 as the far-ground end as an example, stacking multiple FB covering layers 400 at the second end of the antenna axial rod 140 can make the electromagnetic waves radiated by the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 propagate in the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity formed by the multiple FB covering layers 400 and the plane (such as the ground) where the first end of the antenna axial rod 140 is located. The number of in-phase superposition is larger, and the radiation gain of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna can be further improved.

[0049] In one embodiment, Figure 5As shown, the FB covering layer includes a top plate and a patch, and the patch is arranged on one side of the top plate close to the second end of the antenna axial rod 140. The top plate is a carrier for the patch, which can fix the position of the patch and ensure the normal operation of the patch. The patch is arranged on the top plate and forms a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity with the plane (such as the ground) where the first end of the antenna axial rod 140 is located. The number of patches is not unique. Generally speaking, the more the number of patches, the smaller the size of the patch. The specific selection can be based on actual needs. Specifically, further, in combination with the previous embodiment, when the number of FB covering layers 400 is more than two, each FB covering layer 400 is stacked, and the patches on each FB covering layer 400 are respectively arranged on the side of each top plate close to the antenna axial rod 140, and the setting direction of each FB covering layer 400 is the same, which is conducive to further improving the gain.

[0050] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the patch is a rectangular patch or a circular patch. The rectangular patch or the circular patch can be regularly arranged on the top plate, and the position and working parameters of the patch can be adjusted more conveniently, thereby improving the convenience of use of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna.

[0051] In one embodiment, a cross-shaped slot is provided on one side of the patch close to the second end of the antenna axial rod 140. The cross-shaped slot plays a meandering role, which will increase the equivalent inductance and significantly reduce the resonant frequency, thereby reducing the size of the FB cover layer while ensuring the working performance, and the strong radiation generated by the cross-shaped slot is equivalent to increasing the loss resistance, thereby greatly improving the bandwidth.

[0052] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna 12 further includes a reflector 300, which is disposed at the first end of the antenna axial rod 140, and the dual-polarization reflector 130 is disposed on the reflector 300. The reflector 300 is a metal flat plate having a rectangular, circular, regular polygonal shape, etc., and is used to enhance reflection and improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.

[0053] Furthermore, in one embodiment, although not shown, the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 further includes a radome, which is a cavity structure with one end open and the other end closed, and the open end is fixed to the reflector 300. The enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 can be placed in the cavity structure of the radome to protect the antenna components.

[0054] It should be noted that Figure 5 The coaxial feed line 500 is also shown in the figure, and the coaxial feed line 500 will be explained in detail later in this article. Figure 6 for Figure 5 The corresponding rear view, Figure 6 The enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 and Figure 5 The overall structure of the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 provided is the same, so it will not be described here. Figure 6 Provide specific and detailed explanation.

[0055] In one embodiment, Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the dual-polarization director 110, the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 and the dual-polarization reflector 130 are relatively independent and are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod 140 (not shown). It should be noted that in the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna 12, the number of the dual-polarization director 110 can be multiple, for example Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 Four dual-polarization directors 110 are shown in each of the figures, and the lengths thereof are different. The dual-polarization reflector 130 is the longest, the dual-polarization director 110 is slightly shorter than the dual-polarization reflector 130, and the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 is the shortest. For the convenience of description, the two ends (i.e., the first end and the second end) of the antenna axial rod 140 may be referred to as the A end and the B end respectively, wherein the A end indicates the second end, the B end indicates the first end, the dual-polarization director 110 is arranged at the A end, and the dual-polarization reflector 130 is arranged at the B end.

[0056] like Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the dual-polarization director 110 includes a first director and a second director arranged orthogonally, the first director and the second director are the same, and are composed of a plurality of metal members arranged on an antenna axial rod 140 (not shown), the metal member here can be a metal rod or a metal strip, the metal member is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal member, so that the two ends of the metal member are symmetrically arranged on the antenna axial rod 140. At the same time, the length relationship between the plurality of metal members is: the lengths of the metal members are different, and the length of each metal member is shorter than the metal member adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarization active oscillator, that is, along the direction from the B end to the A end, the length of the metal member is successively shorter; or it can also be along the direction from the B end to the A end, the metal members are divided into a plurality of groups, the lengths of the plurality of metal members in each group are the same, but the length of each group of metal members is shorter than the length of the adjacent group of metal members close to the B end. At the same time, when the first director and the second director are orthogonally combined into a dual-polarization director, the metal pieces with the same length also remain orthogonal and are in the same plane, that is, the metal pieces with the same length form a cross shape as shown in the figure and are arranged on the antenna axial rod 140.

[0057] The dual-polarization reflector 130 includes a first reflector and a second reflector arranged orthogonally. The first reflector is the same as the second reflector, and each is composed of a metal piece arranged on the antenna axial rod 140. The metal piece is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod 140, and the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, so that the two ends of the metal piece are symmetrically arranged on the antenna axial rod 140, and the first reflector and the second reflector are in the same plane. The length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector 130 is longer than the length of any metal piece of the dual-polarization director 110.

[0058] like Fig. 9 As shown, the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 includes two identical single-polarization active vibrators arranged orthogonally, namely, a first active vibrator and a second active vibrator, which are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal parts symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod 140, one arm of the L-shaped metal part is a connecting arm 121, which is attached to the antenna axial rod 140, and the port 122 on the connecting arm 121 is connected to the corresponding metal part of the dual-polarization reflector 130, that is, one L-shaped metal part of the first active vibrator is connected to the metal part on one side of the first reflector, and the other L-shaped metal part of the first active vibrator is connected to the metal part on the other side of the first reflector, and the second active vibrator is also connected. This is not repeated. The length of the connecting arm 121 can be adjusted according to actual needs such as the wavelength of the signal received and transmitted by the antenna. The other arm of the L-shaped metal piece is a functional arm 123. The sum of the lengths of the two functional arms of the active vibrator disposed on both sides of the antenna axial rod 140 is greater than the length of any metal piece of the dual-polarization director 101, and less than the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector 130. The angle between the connecting arm 121 and the functional arm 123 of the L-shaped metal piece can be adjusted according to actual signal transmission and reception requirements. In one embodiment, the angle between the connecting arm 121 and the functional arm 123 of the L-shaped metal piece is 90°.

[0059] See also Fig.10 The relationship between the dual-polarization director 110, the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 and the dual-polarization reflector 130 also includes: the first active vibrator, the first reflector and the first director are in the same plane, the second active vibrator, the second reflector and the second director are in the same plane, and the view of the entire antenna from end A to end B is roughly a cross shape.

[0060] See also Fig.11 and Fig.12 In one embodiment, a feeding structure 200 is provided on both the first active oscillator and the second active oscillator of the dual-polarization active oscillator 120, including:

[0061] The metal bump 201, as a feeding point, is disposed on one of the functional arms 123a of the single-polarization active dipole for receiving feeding;

[0062] A coaxial line 202, a port at one end of which is connected to the metal bump 201, is used to transmit current to the active vibrator to drive the antenna to work;

[0063] The support member 203 is coated on the outside of the coaxial line 202 and is used to isolate the coaxial line 202 from the external environment. In one embodiment, the support member is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which further plays an insulating role.

[0064] The metal shell 204 is disposed outside the support member 203 , and a portion of the metal shell 204 is embedded in another functional arm 123 b without the metal bump 201 , so as to ground the metal shell and form a potential difference between the coaxial line 202 and the metal shell 204 .

[0065] In one embodiment, the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 further includes a feed input component, which is connected to the feed structure on the first active element and the feed structure on the second active element. The feed input component is used to input feed to the dual-polarized reflector 130, the dual-polarized active element 120 and the dual-polarized director 110 in the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12, so that the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna 12 can receive feed and work normally.

[0066] Further, in one embodiment, the feed input assembly is disposed at the first end of the antenna axial rod 140. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the feed input assembly can also be disposed at the second end of the antenna axial rod 140.

[0067] Further, in one embodiment, reference may be made to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The feed input assembly includes a coaxial feed line 500, and the coaxial feed line 500 connects the feed structure on the first active vibrator and the feed structure on the second active vibrator, wherein the dual-polarization active vibrator 120 includes the first active vibrator and the second active vibrator. The coaxial feed line 500 can be a 50-ohm coaxial line, and correspondingly, the input impedance of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna 12 is 50 ohms at this time. By using the coaxial feed line 500 to provide feeding to the feeding structure of the first active vibrator and the second active vibrator, there is no need to use an impedance transformer, which saves the feeding cost.

[0068] In another embodiment, reference may be made to Fig.13 and Fig.14 , Fig.13 and Figure 5 The difference lies in the structure of the feed input component. Fig.13In the embodiment, the feed input component includes a balun feed device 600, and the balun feed device 600 connects the feed structure on the first active dipole and the feed structure on the second active dipole. The dual-polarization active dipole 120 includes a first active dipole and a second active dipole. The balun feed device 600 is a balanced-unbalanced transformer, and balanced feeding of the antenna dipole can be achieved through the balun feed device 600.

[0069] In one embodiment, the antenna axial rod 140 is in the shape of a square rod. The antenna axial rod 140 is a metal support rod, and its shape can be a round rod, a square rod, a track, etc., and is used to carry various components of the antenna.

[0070] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the antenna axial rod 140 includes a first feed assembly plate, a second feed assembly plate, a third feed assembly plate and a fourth feed assembly plate, and the first feed assembly plate, the second feed assembly plate, the third feed assembly plate and the fourth feed assembly plate are enclosed to form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is arranged in the cavity. Among them, the material of the dielectric strip can be an inorganic ceramic material or an organic dielectric material, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the dielectric strip is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity, so that the dielectric strip is conveniently fixed in the cavity and the working stability is improved. By arranging the dielectric strip in the cavity, the Hansen-Woodyard end-fire condition can be achieved to form a strong end-fire array. The dielectric constants between each layer of oscillators are different, forming a strong end-fire array, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the gain of the antenna itself. It can be understood that the dual-polarization reflector 130, dual-polarization active vibrator 120 and dual-polarization director 110 mentioned above are connected to the above-mentioned feed assembly plate, thereby being fixed on the antenna axial rod 140. For example, the dual-polarization reflector 130 can be connected to the first feed assembly plate, the second feed assembly plate, the third feed assembly plate and the fourth feed assembly plate at the same time, or it can be connected only to the first feed assembly plate and the third feed assembly plate to be fixed on the antenna axial rod 140.

[0071] In one embodiment, Fig.15As shown, the RF transceiver device 2 also includes a power amplifier 25 and a low noise amplifier 26, the circulator 22 is connected to the low noise amplifier 26, and the low noise amplifier 26 is connected to the receiver 24; the circulator 22 is connected to the power amplifier 25, and the power amplifier 25 is connected to the transmitter 23. Specifically, the enhanced antenna device 1 is connected to the filter 21, and the filter 21 is respectively connected to the power amplifier 25 and the low noise amplifier 26 through the circulator 22, the power amplifier 25 is connected to the transmitter 23, and the low noise amplifier 26 is connected to the receiver 24, forming a signal transmission channel and a signal reception channel respectively, and the enhanced antenna RF front-end device formed achieves the maximum transmission and reception gain, effectively improving the utilization efficiency of the space. Since the enhanced antenna device 1 is a three-dimensional structure, the three-dimensional array formed converts the original two-dimensional antenna into a three-dimensional enhanced antenna RF front-end device, which can achieve a single beam configuration with maximum gain.

[0072] In this embodiment, a power amplifier 25 and a low noise amplifier 26 are added to the signal transmission channel and the signal receiving channel respectively, the signal to be transmitted is power amplified to increase the transmission power, and the received signal is amplified for subsequent signal processing, thereby improving the communication reliability of the enhanced antenna RF front-end device. In addition, each device in the RF transceiver device 2 transmits signals through optical fiber, and the signal transmission speed is fast, the loss is small, and the anti-interference ability is strong, which can further improve the communication reliability of the system.

[0073] In addition, in one embodiment, the enhanced antenna RF front-end device further includes a control device, which is connected to the receiver 24 and the transmitter 23. Specifically, the control device can be an MCU (Micro Control Unit). The control device controls the signal reception and transmission of the enhanced antenna device 1, thereby improving the communication reliability of the antenna system.

[0074] The above-mentioned three-dimensional enhanced antenna RF front-end device firstly adopts a cross structure to realize the dual-polarization structure of two single-polarization antenna units, realizes an enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna, can reduce signal polarization loss, and make the enhanced antenna device have excellent gain in both horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, by arranging an FB covering layer on the antenna axial rod of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna, the FB covering layer can form an FB resonant cavity with the plane where the first end of the antenna axial rod is located, so that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna are superimposed in phase in the resonant cavity, thereby improving the radiation gain of the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna. Secondly, by arranging the enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna into an antenna array on a substrate, the enhanced antenna device is designed as a three-dimensional array structure, so that the enhanced antenna device can form a vertical plane beam, and finally connected with the corresponding RF transceiver, the corresponding RF transceiver is used to manage the signal transmission and reception of the enhanced antenna device, thereby improving the overall gain of the antenna.

[0075] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0076] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device, characterized in that: include: Radio frequency transceiver device and enhanced antenna device; The enhanced antenna device comprises a substrate and two or more enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas; Each of the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas is arranged on the substrate, the radio frequency transceiver device includes a filter, a circulator, a receiver and a transmitter, the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the circulator through an optical fiber, and the circulator is respectively connected to the receiver and the transmitter through optical fibers; The number of the radio frequency transceiver devices is two or more, and each of the radio frequency transceiver devices is connected to a corresponding enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antenna; The enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna comprises an FB covering layer, an antenna axial rod, a dual-polarization reflector, a dual-polarization active vibrator and a dual-polarization director; The dual-polarization reflector, the dual-polarization active vibrator, the dual-polarization director and the FB covering layer are sequentially arranged on the antenna axial rod; the dual-polarization reflector is arranged at the first end of the antenna axial rod, the dual-polarization director is arranged at the second end of the antenna axial rod, the FB covering layer is spaced apart from the dual-polarization director and is far away from the first end of the antenna axial rod, and the plane where the FB covering layer is located is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod; wherein the first end of the antenna axial rod is the near-ground end, and the second end of the antenna axial rod is the far-ground end; The dual-polarization director comprises a first director and a second director arranged orthogonally, the first director and the second director comprise a plurality of metal pieces arranged on the axial rod of the antenna, each of the metal pieces is perpendicular to the axial rod of the antenna, the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, the length of each metal piece is shorter than the metal piece adjacent to it and close to the dual-polarization active vibrator, and when the first director and the second director are orthogonally arranged to form the dual-polarization director, every two metal pieces with the same length remain orthogonal and are in the same plane; The dual-polarization reflector comprises a first reflector and a second reflector arranged orthogonally, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively comprise a metal piece arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod, the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is perpendicular to the antenna axial rod, the foot of the perpendicular coincides with the midpoint of the metal piece, the first reflector and the first director are in the same plane, the second reflector and the second director are in the same plane, and the length of the metal piece of the dual-polarization reflector is longer than the length of any metal piece of the dual-polarization director; The dual-polarization active vibrator includes two orthogonally arranged single-polarization active vibrators, namely, a first active vibrator and a second active vibrator, wherein the first active vibrator and the second active vibrator are respectively composed of two L-shaped metal pieces symmetrically arranged on both sides of the antenna axial rod, one arm of the L-shaped metal piece is a connecting arm, which is attached to the antenna axial rod, and a port of the connecting arm is connected to the dual-polarization reflector, and the other arm is a functional arm, and the length of the functional arm is longer than the length of the director and shorter than the length of the reflector; at the same time, the first active vibrator and the first reflector are in the same plane, and the second active vibrator and the second reflector are in the same plane; The antenna axial rod includes a first feed assembly plate, a second feed assembly plate, a third feed assembly plate and a fourth feed assembly plate, which together form a cavity, and a dielectric strip is arranged in the cavity; wherein the material of the dielectric strip is an inorganic ceramic material or an organic dielectric material, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the dielectric strip is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity; by arranging the dielectric strip in the cavity, the Hansen-Woodyard end-fire condition is achieved, and the dielectric constants between each layer of oscillators are different, forming a strong end-fire array.

2. The three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas of different frequency bands are cross-arranged on the substrate, and the enhanced dual-polarized Yagi antennas of the same frequency band are respectively connected to the same radio frequency transceiver.

3. The three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the FB covering layers is more than two, and each of the FB covering layers is stacked and arranged at an interval from the dual-polarization director and away from the first end of the antenna axial rod.

4. The three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The FB covering layer includes a top plate and a patch, and the patch is arranged on one side of the top plate close to the second end of the antenna axial rod.

5. The three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The patch is a rectangular patch or a circular patch, and a cross-shaped groove is formed on one side of the patch close to the second end of the antenna axial rod.

6. The three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna further includes a reflection plate, which is arranged at the first end of the antenna axial rod, and the dual-polarization reflector is arranged on the reflection plate.

7. The three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-polarization active oscillator further includes a feeding structure arranged on the first active oscillator and a feeding structure arranged on the second active oscillator, each of the feeding structures including: A metal bump, disposed on one of the functional arms, for receiving power supply; A coaxial line, one end of which is connected to the metal bump, and is used to transmit current to the single-polarization active vibrator to drive the antenna to work; A support member, covering the outside of the coaxial line, and used to isolate the coaxial line from the external environment; The metal shell is arranged outside the support member, and a part of the metal shell is embedded in the functional arm where the metal protrusion is not arranged.

8. The three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna also includes a coaxial feed line, which connects the feeding structure on the first active element and the feeding structure on the second active element.

9. The three-dimensional enhanced antenna radio frequency front-end device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The enhanced dual-polarization Yagi antenna further includes a balun feeding device, which connects a feeding structure on the first active element and a feeding structure on the second active element.

Images