Battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device, method, and battery management control system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device, method and battery management and control system, wherein the protection device includes a high-voltage detection module, a low-voltage control module, a connecting switch and a switch actuator; the high-voltage detection module is used to detect the maximum discharge voltage of the battery in real time; the connecting switch is arranged on the power path between the battery and the control terminal; the switch actuator is connected to the connecting switch; the low-voltage control module is electrically connected to the switch actuator and is used to control the operation of the switch actuator; through the above-mentioned protection device, when the battery is in an over-discharge state, the power path between the battery and the control terminal can be automatically disconnected, thereby putting the battery in a completely no-load state, effectively protecting the battery from over-discharge, and not bringing a power supply burden to the battery; in addition, the user can freely adjust the threshold voltage level according to the current battery specifications and model, thereby achieving the purpose of freely adjusting the critical operating point of the battery according to the actual application scenario, and is easy to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery over-discharge protection, and in particular to a battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device and method, and a battery management and control system. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, UPS power supplies and lithium battery backup systems are used in base stations, computer rooms, solar storage systems, data centers, and other fields. When the mains power is normal, the UPS power supply stabilizes the mains power and supplies it to the load. In this case, the UPS is an AC voltage stabilizer, and it also charges the lithium battery inside the machine. To use lithium batteries efficiently and safely, current lithium battery backup systems are generally equipped with a battery management system (BMS). When the mains power is cut off or the UPS is disconnected, the BMS supplies power to the load through a DC / DC module. If the mains power or UPS power is disconnected for a long time and is not restored, the UPS power supply cannot charge or replenish the lithium battery in time. Due to the power consumption of the BMS, the voltage of the lithium battery continues to decrease. When the lithium battery voltage drops to a certain level, the BMS can usually only disconnect the high-voltage circuit (that is, the power supply circuit between the lithium battery and the load), but cannot effectively disconnect the BMS low-voltage power supply circuit (that is, the power supply circuit between the lithium battery and the BMS), resulting in excessive discharge and loss of the lithium battery, which can cause permanent damage to the battery cell. In this regard, there are also solutions on the market that cut off the low-voltage path between the lithium battery and the BMS when the battery voltage is too low. Most of these solutions are implemented only through relays, but the electromagnetic relays themselves consume energy, which will further increase the power supply burden of the battery. Most importantly, the electromagnetic relay is used to control the disconnection of the power circuit between the battery and the BMS, and it is impossible to reasonably control the threshold output voltage of the battery according to actual needs. For batteries of different specifications and models, precise debugging is required, which is inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device, method and battery management and control system, which can not only disconnect the power connection path between the battery and the control terminal according to the current state of the battery to effectively avoid battery over-discharge, but also freely adjust the critical operating point of the battery according to the actual application scenario.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses a battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device for controlling the connection state between a battery and a control terminal. The protection device includes a high-voltage detection module, a low-voltage control module, a connection switch, and a switch actuator.

[0005] The high-voltage detection module is used to detect the maximum discharge voltage of the battery in real time;

[0006] The connection switch is provided on the power path between the battery and the control terminal;

[0007] The switch actuator is connected to the connection switch and is used to open or close the connection switch;

[0008] The low-voltage control module is electrically connected to the switch actuator and is used to provide a low-voltage power supply to the switch actuator according to the detection result of the high-voltage detection module and a preset threshold voltage to control the action of the switch actuator.

[0009] Preferably, a maintenance switch is further included, and the low-voltage control module is electrically connected to the switch actuator via the maintenance switch.

[0010] Preferably, the output end of the low-voltage control module is further electrically connected to an indicator, and the indicator is used to indicate the output state of the low-voltage control module.

[0011] Preferably, the indicator comprises a light emitting diode.

[0012] Preferably, the connection switch is an air switch, and the switch actuator is a trip unit.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a battery management and control system, which includes a battery, a control terminal and the battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device as described above, wherein the battery is electrically connected to the control terminal through a DC / DC module, the high-voltage detection module and the low-voltage control module are arranged in the control terminal, and the connection switch is arranged in the power path between the DC / DC module and the control terminal.

[0014] The present invention further discloses a battery over-discharge low-voltage protection method, which is used to control the connection state between a battery and a control terminal. The battery is electrically connected to the control terminal via a DC / DC module, and a connection switch is provided on the power path between the DC / DC module and the control terminal. The control terminal is provided with a high-voltage detection module and a low-voltage control module, and the low-voltage control module is electrically connected to the connection switch via a switch actuator. The protection method includes:

[0015] The control terminal detects the maximum discharge voltage of the battery in real time through the high-voltage detection module. When the maximum discharge voltage of the battery is lower than a preset threshold, the low-voltage control module provides a low-voltage power supply to the switch actuator, so that the switch actuator is activated to open the connection switch, thereby disconnecting the power path between the DC / DC module and the control terminal.

[0016] Preferably, the preset threshold value of the maximum discharge voltage of the battery can be adjusted in real time through the control terminal.

[0017] Preferably, the low-voltage control module is electrically connected to the switch actuator via a maintenance switch, and the protection method further includes a maintenance method for charging the battery to restore its connection state with the control terminal, the maintenance method comprising:

[0018] Disconnecting the maintenance switch to cut off the connection path between the low-voltage control module and the switch actuator;

[0019] closing the connection switch to restore the power path between the DC / DC module and the control terminal;

[0020] Detecting whether the maximum discharge voltage of the battery is higher than a preset threshold; if so, closing the maintenance switch to connect the connection path between the low-voltage control module and the switch actuator.

[0021] Preferably, the control terminal is further provided with a status indicator electrically connected to the output end of the low-voltage control module, and the output status of the low-voltage control module is indicated by the status indicator.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, when a control terminal (such as a BMS) adopts the battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device and method disclosed in the present invention to protect a battery from over-discharge, if it is detected that the current maximum discharge voltage of the battery is lower than a preset threshold voltage, a low-voltage power supply is provided to the switch actuator through the low-voltage control module, causing the switch actuator to operate, thereby opening the connecting switch and disconnecting the power path between the battery and the control terminal, thereby putting the battery in a completely no-load state, effectively protecting the battery from over-discharge. Furthermore, the actuators for over-discharge protection (connecting switch and switch actuator) themselves are passive devices and do not consume electrical energy when inactive, thus not placing a power supply burden on the battery. In addition, because the low-voltage control module can control the operation of the connecting switch according to a preset threshold voltage, the user can freely adjust the threshold voltage level according to the current battery specifications and model, thereby achieving the purpose of freely adjusting the critical operating point of the battery according to the actual application scenario. This is convenient to use and effectively protects the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a circuit connection diagram of a battery management and control system in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is a detailed description in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1This embodiment discloses a battery management and control system, including a battery 1, a control terminal 2, and a battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device. The battery 1 is electrically connected to the control terminal 2 via a DC / DC module 10. The protection device includes a high-voltage detection module 20, a low-voltage control module 21, a connecting switch J1, and a switch actuator M1. The high-voltage detection module 20 is used to detect the maximum discharge voltage of the battery 1 in real time. The connecting switch J1 is located in the power path between the battery 1 and the control terminal 2, that is, in the power path between the DC / DC module 10 and the control terminal 2. The switch actuator M1 is connected to the connecting switch J1 and is used to open or close the connecting switch J1. The low-voltage control module 21 is electrically connected to the switch actuator M1 and is used to provide low-voltage power to the switch actuator M1 based on the detection results of the high-voltage detection module 20 and a preset threshold voltage to control the operation of the switch actuator M1. In this embodiment, the high-voltage detection module 20 and the low-voltage control module 21 are located in the control terminal 2, eliminating the need for designing and installing additional components outside the control terminal 2. It should also be noted that the specific circuit structures of the high-voltage detection module 20 and the low-voltage control module 21 are common technical knowledge in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0026] The working principle and operation process of the above battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device are as follows:

[0027] Control terminal 2 uses high-voltage detection module 20 to monitor battery 1's maximum discharge voltage in real time, specifically whether battery 1 is currently at its critical operating point. When battery 1's maximum discharge voltage falls below a preset threshold, low-voltage control module 21 provides a low-voltage power source to switch actuator M1, causing switch actuator M1 to activate and open connecting switch J1, thereby disconnecting the power path between DC / DC module 10 and control terminal 2. Thus, with the aforementioned battery 1 over-discharge low-voltage protection device, when battery 1 reaches its critical operating point, control terminal 2 automatically disconnects the power path from battery 1, completely idling battery 1 and preventing damage due to over-discharge. Specifically, control terminal 2 adjusts the preset threshold of battery 1's maximum discharge voltage in real time, thereby adjusting its critical operating point based on the model and specifications of battery 1. This facilitates use and enables differentiated protection for different battery types.

[0028] Furthermore, when the charging power source (e.g., a UPS) for battery 1 is restored, the protection device in this embodiment further includes a maintenance switch J2 to facilitate charging of battery 1 and restore its connection with control terminal 2. The low-voltage control module 21 is electrically connected to the switch actuator M1 via the maintenance switch J2. During normal operation, the maintenance switch J2 is normally closed, connecting the power path between the low-voltage control module 21 and the switch actuator M1. When the battery 1 needs to be charged and the battery 1 management and control system needs to be maintained, the maintenance switch J2 is first opened to disconnect the power path between the low-voltage control module 21 and the connecting switch J1. At the same time, the connecting switch J1 is operated to close the connecting switch J1, thereby restoring the power path between the DC / DC module 10 and the control terminal 2. The high-voltage detection module 20 in the control terminal 2 continuously detects whether the maximum discharge voltage of the battery 1 is higher than a preset threshold during charging. If so, the maintenance switch J2 is closed to connect the connection path between the low-voltage control module 21 and the switch actuator M1. At this time, since the maximum discharge voltage of the battery 1 is higher than the preset threshold, the output of the low-voltage control module 21 is zero, the switch actuator M1 does not operate, and the connecting switch J1 remains in the closed state.

[0029] Specifically, the connection switch J1 and the maintenance switch J2 in the above embodiment are both air switches, and the switch actuator M1 is a trip unit.

[0030] In addition, to facilitate detection of the current state of battery 1, the output end of low-voltage control module 21 is electrically connected to an indicator L1, which is used to indicate the output state of low-voltage control module 21. Preferably, indicator L1 is a light-emitting diode. When battery 1 is at a critical operating point and enters a protection state, low-voltage control module 21 outputs a voltage power supply, thereby illuminating the light-emitting diode. When battery 1 is in a normal state, the output of low-voltage control module 21 is zero, causing the light-emitting diode to be extinguished. Therefore, the current state of battery 1 can be determined by observing the state of the light-emitting diode.

[0031] The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device for controlling the connection state between a battery and a control terminal, characterized in that: The protection device includes a high voltage detection module, a low voltage control module, a connecting switch and a switch actuator; The high-voltage detection module is used to detect the maximum discharge voltage of the battery in real time; The connection switch is provided on the power path between the battery and the control terminal; The switch actuator is connected to the connection switch and is used to open or close the connection switch; The low-voltage control module is electrically connected to the switch actuator and is used to provide a low-voltage power supply to the switch actuator according to the detection result of the high-voltage detection module and a preset threshold voltage, so as to control the operation of the switch actuator; Also included is a maintenance switch, the low-voltage control module is electrically connected to the switch actuator via the maintenance switch; During normal operation of the battery, the maintenance switch is in a normally closed state to connect the power path between the low-voltage control module and the switch actuator. When the battery needs to be charged, the maintenance switch is opened to disconnect the power path between the low-voltage control module and the connecting switch. At the same time, the connecting switch is operated to be in a closed state, thereby restoring the power path between the battery and the control terminal. The high-voltage detection module in the control terminal continuously detects whether the maximum discharge voltage of the battery is higher than a preset threshold during charging. If so, the maintenance switch is closed to connect the connection path between the low-voltage control module and the switch actuator. At this time, the output of the low-voltage control module is zero, the switch actuator does not operate, and the connecting switch remains in a closed state.

2. The battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the low-voltage control module is also electrically connected to an indicator, and the indicator is used to indicate the output state of the low-voltage control module.

3. The battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The indicator includes a light emitting diode.

4. The battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting switch is an air switch, and the switch actuator is a trip unit.

5. A battery management and control system, characterized in that: The device comprises a battery, a control terminal, and the battery over-discharge low-voltage protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery is electrically connected to the control terminal via a DC / DC module, the high-voltage detection module and the low-voltage control module are arranged in the control terminal, and the connection switch is arranged in the power path between the DC / DC module and the control terminal.

6. A battery over-discharge low voltage protection method for controlling the connection state between the battery and the control terminal, characterized in that: The battery is electrically connected to the control terminal via a DC / DC module, and a connection switch is provided on the power path between the DC / DC module and the control terminal. The control terminal is provided with a high-voltage detection module and a low-voltage control module, and the low-voltage control module is electrically connected to the connection switch via a switch actuator. The protection method includes: The control terminal detects the maximum discharge voltage of the battery in real time through the high-voltage detection module. When the maximum discharge voltage of the battery is lower than a preset threshold, the low-voltage control module provides a low-voltage power supply to the switch actuator, causing the switch actuator to operate and open the connection switch, thereby disconnecting the power path between the DC / DC module and the control terminal. The low-voltage control module is electrically connected to the switch actuator via a maintenance switch. The protection method also includes a maintenance method for charging the battery to restore its connection status with the control terminal. The maintenance method includes: Disconnecting the maintenance switch to cut off the connection path between the low-voltage control module and the switch actuator; closing the connection switch to restore the power path between the DC / DC module and the control terminal; Detecting whether the maximum discharge voltage of the battery is higher than a preset threshold; if so, closing the maintenance switch to connect the connection path between the low-voltage control module and the switch actuator.

7. The battery over-discharge low-voltage protection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preset threshold value of the maximum discharge voltage of the battery can be adjusted in real time through the control terminal.

8. The battery over-discharge low-voltage protection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control terminal is further provided with a status indicator electrically connected to the output end of the low-voltage control module, and the output status of the low-voltage control module is indicated by the status indicator.

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