A straw dry distillation device and dry distillation process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw dry distillation device, comprising: a straw conveyor, a straw feeding bin, a straw dry distillation machine, a dry distillation carbon cooling tank, a dry distillation carbon storage bin, a dry distillation carbon grinder, a dry distillation carbon acid washing tank, an acid washing slurry filter, a dry distillation carbon alkali washing tank, an alkali washing slurry filter, a dry distillation carbon fine product storage bin, a dry distillation carbon fine product drying machine, a dry distillation carbon finished product storage bin, a petroleum asphalt storage bin, a mixture stirring tank, a mixture conveying barrel, a powder carbonization furnace and a powder graphitization furnace. The invention also discloses a dry distillation process: (1) washing and crushing; (2) dry distillation; (3) cooling and grinding; (4) acid washing; (5) alkali washing; (6) drying; (7) mixing; (8) carbonization and graphitization. The invention not only realizes the high added value utilization of crop straw and increases farmers' income, but also solves the problem of exhaustion of natural graphite resources, turning waste into treasure and killing two birds with one stone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization, and more particularly to a straw dry distillation device and a dry distillation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] China is a large agricultural country with 1.8 billion mu of arable land. Straw is the general term for the stems and leaves (ears) of mature crops, usually referring to the remaining parts of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, rapeseed, cotton, sugarcane and other crops (usually coarse grains) after harvesting seeds. According to statistics, my country's annual by-product straw is about 800 million tons, which does not include by-products such as forestry. Straw contains a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Due to the late start of its deep processing and comprehensive utilization technology, a large amount of straw is burned or used for papermaking, and its value is not deeply explored, resulting in a serious waste of resources.

[0003] On the other hand, China is a large steel producer with a total production capacity of about 700 million tons, of which a part is produced by electric furnace steel, especially the recently proposed short-process steel production technology from abroad, which makes extensive use of scrap steel recycling and uses electric furnaces to melt and recycle scrap steel. In the process of electric furnace steelmaking, a large amount of electric furnace graphite electrodes with graphite as raw material are used.

[0004] The raw materials of graphite electrodes are divided into natural graphite and artificial graphite. The components of graphite are all carbon elements. Natural and artificial graphite are just different in raw materials, and their carbon material structures are the same. The main indicators of the quality of graphite electrodes for electric furnaces are conductivity and fracture resistance. Among them, conductivity is determined by the carbon content and density of the electrode; fracture resistance is determined by the selected adhesive and compaction conditions.

[0005] However, in the prior art, there are few reports on technical solutions for preparing graphite electrodes using crop straw. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a straw dry distillation device and a dry distillation process thereof to solve the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A straw distillation device comprises: a straw conveyor, a straw feeding bin, a straw distillation machine, a distillation carbon cooling tank, a distillation carbon storage bin, a distillation carbon grinder, a distillation carbonic acid washing tank, an acid-washed slurry filter, a distillation carbon alkali washing tank, an alkali-washed slurry filter, a distillation carbon fine storage bin, a distillation carbon fine drying machine, a distillation carbon finished product storage bin, a petroleum asphalt storage bin, a mixture stirring tank, a mixture conveying barrel, a powdered carbonization furnace and a powdered graphitization furnace; wherein the straw conveyor is sequentially connected with the straw feeding bin, the straw distillation machine, the distillation carbon cooling tank, the distillation carbon storage bin, the distillation carbon grinder, the distillation carbonic acid washing tank, the acid-washed slurry filter, the distillation carbon alkali washing tank, the alkali-washed slurry filter, the distillation carbon fine storage bin, the distillation carbon fine drying machine, the distillation carbon finished product storage bin, the mixture stirring tank, the mixture conveying barrel, the powdered carbonization furnace and the powdered graphitization furnace; and the petroleum asphalt storage bin is connected with the mixture stirring tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the straw distillation device further comprises a distillation carbon delivery pump. Specifically, the distillation carbon delivery pump is arranged between the distillation carbon cooling tank and the distillation carbon storage bin.

[0010] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that, through the setting of the pyrolysis carbon delivery pump, the pyrolysis carbon cooled in the pyrolysis carbon cooling tank is added to the pyrolysis carbon storage bin, and then added to the pyrolysis carbon grinder for grinding and sieving to obtain pyrolysis carbon powder.

[0011] Furthermore, the straw dry distillation device further comprises a pickling slurry delivery pump. Specifically, the pickling slurry delivery pump is arranged between the dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank and the pickling slurry filter.

[0012] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that, through the provision of a pickling slurry delivery pump, the pickling slurry after pickling in the dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank is added to the pickling slurry filter for cleaning and filtration to obtain pickled dry distillation carbon.

[0013] Furthermore, the straw distillation device further comprises an alkali-wash slurry delivery pump. Specifically, the alkali-wash slurry delivery pump is arranged between the distillation carbon alkali-wash tank and the alkali-wash slurry filter.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical scheme is that, through the setting of the alkali washing slurry delivery pump, the alkali washing slurry after alkali washing in the dry distillation carbon alkali washing tank is added to the alkali washing slurry filter for cleaning and filtration, and then added to the dry distillation carbon fine product storage bin to obtain dry distillation carbon fine product.

[0015] Furthermore, the straw distillation device further comprises a distillation carbon fine product conveyor. Specifically, the distillation carbon fine product conveyor is arranged between the distillation carbon fine product dryer and the distillation carbon finished product storage bin.

[0016] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that, through the provision of a refined carbon conveyor, the refined carbon after drying in the refined carbon dryer is added to the refined carbon storage bin to obtain refined carbon products.

[0017] Furthermore, the straw distillation device further comprises a distillation carbon product meter. Specifically, the distillation carbon product meter is electrically connected to the distillation carbon product storage bin.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that, through the setting of the pyrolysis carbon finished product meter, the pyrolysis carbon finished product in the pyrolysis carbon finished product storage bin is accurately added into the mixture stirring tank and mixed evenly with the petroleum asphalt and the binder.

[0019] Furthermore, the straw distillation device further comprises a petroleum asphalt meter. Specifically, the petroleum asphalt meter is electrically connected to the petroleum asphalt storage bin.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that, through the setting of the petroleum asphalt meter, the petroleum asphalt in the petroleum asphalt storage bin is accurately added to the mixture stirring tank and evenly mixed with the dry distillation carbon product and the binder.

[0021] Furthermore, the straw distillation device further comprises an electrode mold, a press, an electrode carbonization furnace and an electrode graphitization furnace. Specifically, the mixture stirring tank is connected to the electrode mold, the press, the electrode carbonization furnace and the electrode graphitization furnace in sequence.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that, through the arrangement of the electrode mold, the press, the electrode carbonization furnace and the electrode graphitization furnace, the mixed material in the mixed material stirring tank is added into the electrode mold, and extruded by the press at a pressure of 500T / cm 2 As described above, the formed electrode blank is added to an electrode carbonization furnace and heated to 1500-1600°C for carbonization heating. After the carbonized electrode blank is cooled, it is added to an electrode graphitization furnace and heated to 1800-2000°C for graphitization heating. After cooling, it becomes a graphite electrode product, which is used in steelmaking or other smelting or electrolytic smelting.

[0023] A dry distillation process of the straw dry distillation device as described above specifically comprises the following steps:

[0024] (1) Washing and crushing

[0025] First, the roots of the straw are cut off, then washed with water, dried naturally, crushed, and finally added to the straw feeding bin through a straw conveyor to obtain straw pellets;

[0026] (2) Dry distillation

[0027] Adding straw particles into a straw dry distillation machine, heating and dry distilling, and obtaining dry distillation carbon;

[0028] (3) Cooling grinding

[0029] First, the carbon is added to a carbon cooling tank for cooling, then added to a carbon storage bin, and finally added to a carbon grinder for grinding and sieving to obtain carbon powder;

[0030] (4) Pickling

[0031] First, add the dry distillation carbon powder into a dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank for pickling, and then add it into a pickling slurry filter for cleaning and filtering to obtain pickled dry distillation carbon;

[0032] (5) Alkaline washing

[0033] First, the acid-washed carbon is added to the carbon alkali washing tank for alkali washing, then added to the alkali-washed slurry filter for cleaning and filtration, and finally added to the carbon fine product storage bin to obtain the carbon fine product;

[0034] (6) Drying

[0035] First, the refined carbon is added into a refined carbon drying machine for drying, and then added into a refined carbon storage bin to obtain refined carbon.

[0036] (7) Mixing

[0037] First, the carbonized product, petroleum asphalt in the petroleum asphalt storage bin and the binder are added to the mixed material stirring tank and mixed evenly, and then added to the mixed material conveying barrel to obtain a mixed material;

[0038] (8) Carbonization and graphitization

[0039] The mixed material is firstly added into a powder carbonization furnace for carbonization, then added into a powder graphitization furnace for graphitization, and cooled to obtain a graphite electrode.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above step (1), the straw is dried to a moisture content of ≤3%, and the straw is crushed to a particle size of ≤5mm; in the step (2), the temperature of the heating and dry distillation is 450-600°C; in the step (3), the straw is cooled to ≤30°C, and the mesh size of the sieve is 200 mesh; in the step (4), the pickling solution is a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 10%, the pickling temperature is 80-100°C, the pickling time is 30min, and the straw is washed to pH=7; in the step (5), the alkaline washing solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 20%, the alkaline washing temperature is 80-100°C, the alkaline washing time is 30min, and the straw is washed to a total solid content of ≤10ML; in the step (6), the straw is dried to a moisture content of the dry distillation carbon product of ≤0.5%; in the step (8), the carbonization temperature is 1500-1600°C, and the graphitization temperature is 1800-2000°C.

[0041] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further technical scheme is that by heating and dry distillation, the straw particles can produce coal gas, wood tar, wood acetic acid and dry distillation carbon, wherein, coal gas, wood tar, wood acetic acid are collected and further processed at the outlet of the straw dry distillation machine, and the dry distillation carbon product flows into the dry distillation carbon cooling tank at the lower outlet of the straw dry distillation machine and is cooled by water. By pickling, the iron-containing impurities in the dry distillation carbon can be removed, and the pickling solution and the cleaning solution are respectively processed and recycled. By alkali washing, the hydrogen bonding inside the dry distillation carbon can be weakened, cellulose is expanded, hemicellulose and a part of lignin are dissolved, so as to facilitate carbonization and graphitization. By carbonization and graphitization, the dry distillation carbon can be made into a graphite electrode.

[0042] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0043] 1. The present invention uses crop straw as raw material, and produces carbonized charcoal by heating and carbonizing and dehydrating, and then uses acid and alkali to remove various ash such as iron, silicon and aluminum in the carbonized charcoal to improve the purity of carbon, thereby replacing natural graphite to produce graphite electrodes used in steel electric furnace steel.

[0044] 2. The present invention not only realizes the high added value utilization of crop straw and increases farmers' income, but also solves the problem of exhaustion of natural graphite resources, turning waste into treasure, achieving two goals at one stroke. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0046] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a schematic structural diagram of a straw distillation device provided by the present invention.

[0047] Among them, 1-straw conveyor, 2-straw feeding bin, 3-straw distillation machine, 4-dry distillation carbon cooling tank, 5-dry distillation carbon storage bin, 6-dry distillation carbon grinder, 7-dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank, 8-acid washing slurry filter, 9-dry distillation carbon alkali washing tank, 10-alkali washing slurry filter, 11-dry distillation carbon fine storage bin, 12-dry distillation carbon fine drying machine, 13-dry distillation carbon finished product storage bin, 14-petroleum asphalt storage bin, 15-mixture stirring tank, 16-mixture conveying barrel, 17-powder carbonization furnace, 18-powder graphitization furnace, 19-dry distillation carbon conveying pump, 20-acid washing slurry conveying pump, 21-alkali washing slurry conveying pump, 22-dry distillation carbon fine conveyor, 23-dry distillation carbon finished product meter, 24-petroleum asphalt meter, 25-electrode mold, 26-press, 27-electrode carbonization furnace, 28-electrode graphitization furnace. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0051] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a straw distillation device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a straw conveyor 1, a straw feeding bin 2, a straw distillation machine 3, a distillation carbon cooling tank 4, a distillation carbon storage bin 5, a distillation carbon grinder 6, a distillation carbonic acid washing tank 7, an acid washing slurry filter 8, a distillation carbon alkali washing tank 9, an alkali washing slurry filter 10, a distillation carbon fine product storage bin 11, a distillation carbon fine product drying machine 12, a distillation carbon finished product storage bin 13, a petroleum asphalt storage bin 14, a mixture stirring tank 15, a mixture conveying barrel 16, a powder carbonization furnace 17 and a powder graphitization furnace 18; wherein, the straw conveyor The conveyor 1 is connected in sequence to the straw feeding bin 2, the straw distillation machine 3, the distillation carbon cooling tank 4, the distillation carbon storage bin 5, the distillation carbon grinder 6, the distillation carbonic acid washing tank 7, the acid washing slurry filter 8, the distillation carbon alkali washing tank 9, the alkali washing slurry filter 10, the distillation carbon fine product storage bin 11, the distillation carbon fine product drying machine 12, the distillation carbon finished product storage bin 13, the mixture stirring tank 15, the mixture conveying barrel 16, the powder carbonization furnace 17 and the powder graphitization furnace 18; the petroleum asphalt storage bin 14 is connected to the mixture stirring tank 15.

[0054] In one embodiment, the straw distillation device further includes a distillation carbon delivery pump 19, and specifically, the distillation carbon delivery pump 19 is arranged between the distillation carbon cooling tank 4 and the distillation carbon storage bin 5. The present invention is used to add the cooled distillation carbon in the distillation carbon cooling tank 4 to the distillation carbon storage bin 5, and then add it to the distillation carbon grinder 6 for grinding and sieving to obtain distillation carbon powder.

[0055] In one embodiment, the straw dry distillation device further includes a pickling slurry delivery pump 20, and specifically, the pickling slurry delivery pump 20 is arranged between the dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank 7 and the pickling slurry filter 8. The present invention is used to add the pickling slurry after pickling in the dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank 7 to the pickling slurry filter 8 for cleaning and filtering to obtain pickled dry distillation carbon through the arrangement of the pickling slurry delivery pump 20.

[0056] In one embodiment, the straw distillation device further includes an alkali-washed slurry delivery pump 21, and specifically, the alkali-washed slurry delivery pump 21 is arranged between the distillation carbon alkali-washing tank 9 and the alkali-washed slurry filter 10. The present invention is used to add the alkali-washed slurry in the distillation carbon alkali-washing tank 9 after alkali washing into the alkali-washed slurry filter 10 for washing and filtering, and then add it into the distillation carbon fine product storage bin 11 to obtain the distillation carbon fine product through the arrangement of the alkali-washed slurry delivery pump 21.

[0057] In one embodiment, the straw distillation device further includes a distillation carbon fine product conveyor 22, and specifically, the distillation carbon fine product conveyor 22 is arranged between the distillation carbon fine product dryer 12 and the distillation carbon finished product storage bin 13. The present invention is used to add the distillation carbon fine product dried in the distillation carbon fine product dryer 12 to the distillation carbon finished product storage bin 13 to obtain the distillation carbon finished product through the arrangement of the distillation carbon fine product conveyor 22.

[0058] In one embodiment, the straw distillation device further includes a carbon product meter 23, and specifically, the carbon product meter 23 is electrically connected to the carbon product storage bin 13. The present invention is used to accurately add the carbon product in the carbon product storage bin 13 to the mixture stirring tank 15 and mix it evenly with petroleum asphalt and binder through the setting of the carbon product meter 23.

[0059] In one embodiment, the straw distillation device further includes a petroleum asphalt meter 24, and specifically, the petroleum asphalt meter 24 is electrically connected to the petroleum asphalt storage bin 14. The present invention is used to accurately add the petroleum asphalt in the petroleum asphalt storage bin 14 to the mixture stirring tank 15 to mix evenly with the distillation carbon product and the binder through the setting of the petroleum asphalt meter 24.

[0060] In one embodiment, the straw distillation device further includes an electrode mold 25, a press 26, an electrode carbonization furnace 27 and an electrode graphitization furnace 28. Specifically, the mixed material stirring tank 15 is connected to the electrode mold 25, the press 26, the electrode carbonization furnace 27 and the electrode graphitization furnace 28 in sequence. The present invention is used to add the mixed material in the mixed material stirring tank 15 to the electrode mold 25 through the arrangement of the electrode mold 25, the press 26, the electrode carbonization furnace 27 and the electrode graphitization furnace 28, and extrudes the mixed material through the press 26 at a pressure of 500T / cm 2 As described above, the formed electrode blank is added to the electrode carbonization furnace 27 and heated to 1500-1600°C for carbonization heating. After the carbonized electrode blank is cooled, it is added to the electrode graphitization furnace 28 and heated to 1800-2000°C for graphitization heating. After cooling, it becomes a graphite electrode product, which is used in steelmaking or other smelting or electrolytic smelting.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A dry distillation process of a straw dry distillation device specifically comprises the following steps:

[0063] (1) Washing and crushing

[0064] First, the roots of the straw are cut off to prevent dirt and other impurities from entering the raw materials, then washed with water, the washing water is recycled, and the straw is naturally dried until the moisture content of the straw is ≤3%, and then crushed with a crusher to a particle size of ≤5mm, and finally added to the straw feeding bin 2 through the straw conveyor 1 to obtain straw particles;

[0065] (2) Dry distillation

[0066] Under the action of the feeder at the bottom of the straw feeding bin 2, the straw particles are evenly added to the straw dry distillation machine 3, and heated and dry distilled at a temperature of 450°C to obtain dry distillation carbon;

[0067] By heating and dry distillation, the straw particles can produce coal gas, wood tar, wood acetic acid and dry distillation carbon, wherein the coal gas, wood tar and wood acetic acid are collected at the outlet of the straw dry distillation machine 3 and further processed, and the dry distillation carbon product flows into the dry distillation carbon cooling tank 4 at the lower outlet of the straw dry distillation machine 3 and is cooled by water;

[0068] (3) Cooling grinding

[0069] First, add the carbon to the carbon cooling tank 4 and cool it to ≤30°C, then add it to the carbon storage bin 5 through the carbon delivery pump 19, and finally add it to the carbon grinder 6 to grind it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain carbon powder;

[0070] (4) Pickling

[0071] First, add the dry distillation carbon powder into the dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank 7, and pickle it with a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 10% at a temperature of 80° C. for 30 minutes, and then add it into the pickling slurry filter 8 through the pickling slurry delivery pump 20 to wash it until the pH is 7, and then filter it to obtain the pickled dry distillation carbon;

[0072] The iron impurities in the carbonized carbon can be removed by pickling. The pickling liquid and the cleaning liquid are treated and recycled separately.

[0073] (5) Alkaline washing

[0074] First, the acid-washed carbon is added to the carbon alkali washing tank 9, and then the carbon is alkali-washed for 30 minutes at 80° C. with a sodium hydroxide solution having a mass concentration of 20%. Then, the carbon is added to the alkali-washed slurry filter 10 through the alkali-washed slurry delivery pump 21, and then the carbon is washed until the total solid content is ≤10ML, and then filtered. Finally, the carbon is added to the carbon fine product storage bin 11 to obtain the carbon fine product.

[0075] Alkaline washing can weaken the hydrogen bonds inside the carbonized carbon, causing the cellulose to swell, dissolving the hemicellulose and part of the lignin, thus facilitating carbonization and graphitization.

[0076] (6) Drying

[0077] First, the refined carbon is added to the refined carbon drying machine 12 for drying until the water content is ≤ 0.5%, and then added to the refined carbon storage bin 13 through the refined carbon conveyor 22 to obtain the refined carbon;

[0078] (7) Mixing

[0079] Under the control of the carbon product meter 23 and the petroleum asphalt meter 24, the carbon product in the carbon product storage bin 13 and the petroleum asphalt in the petroleum asphalt storage bin 14 and the binder are first added to the mixture stirring tank 15 and mixed evenly, and then added to the mixture delivery barrel 16 to obtain a mixture;

[0080] (8) Carbonization and graphitization

[0081] The mixed material is first added to a powder carbonization furnace 17 and heated to 1500° C. for carbonization, then added to a powder graphitization furnace 18 and heated to 1800° C. for graphitization, and cooled to obtain a graphite electrode.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] A dry distillation process of a straw dry distillation device specifically comprises the following steps:

[0084] (1) Washing and crushing

[0085] First, the roots of the straw are cut off to prevent dirt and other impurities from entering the raw materials, then washed with water, the washing water is recycled, and the straw is naturally dried until the moisture content of the straw is ≤3%, and then crushed with a crusher to a particle size of ≤5mm, and finally added to the straw feeding bin 2 through the straw conveyor 1 to obtain straw particles;

[0086] (2) Dry distillation

[0087] Under the action of the feeder at the bottom of the straw feeding bin 2, the straw particles are evenly added to the straw dry distillation machine 3, and heated and dry distilled at a temperature of 600°C to obtain dry distillation carbon;

[0088] By heating and dry distillation, the straw particles can produce coal gas, wood tar, wood acetic acid and dry distillation carbon, wherein the coal gas, wood tar and wood acetic acid are collected at the outlet of the straw dry distillation machine 3 and further processed, and the dry distillation carbon product flows into the dry distillation carbon cooling tank 4 at the lower outlet of the straw dry distillation machine 3 and is cooled by water;

[0089] (3) Cooling grinding

[0090] First, add the carbon to the carbon cooling tank 4 and cool it to ≤30°C, then add it to the carbon storage bin 5 through the carbon delivery pump 19, and finally add it to the carbon grinder 6 to grind it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain carbon powder;

[0091] (4) Pickling

[0092] First, add the dry distillation carbon powder into the dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank 7, use a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 10% at a temperature of 100° C. for pickling for 30 minutes, and then add it into the pickling slurry filter 8 through the pickling slurry delivery pump 20 to wash it until the pH is 7 and then filter it to obtain the pickled dry distillation carbon;

[0093] The iron impurities in the carbonized carbon can be removed by pickling. The pickling liquid and the cleaning liquid are treated and recycled separately.

[0094] (5) Alkaline washing

[0095] First, the acid-washed carbon is added to the carbon alkali washing tank 9, and then the carbon is alkali-washed for 30 minutes at 100° C. with a sodium hydroxide solution having a mass concentration of 20%. Then, the carbon is added to the alkali-washed slurry filter 10 through the alkali-washed slurry delivery pump 21 and washed until the total solid content is ≤10ML, and then filtered. Finally, the carbon alkali-washed fine product is added to the carbon alkali-washed fine product storage bin 11 to obtain the carbon alkali-washed fine product.

[0096] Alkaline washing can weaken the hydrogen bonds inside the carbonized carbon, causing the cellulose to swell, dissolving the hemicellulose and part of the lignin, thus facilitating carbonization and graphitization.

[0097] (6) Drying

[0098] First, the refined carbon is added to the refined carbon drying machine 12 for drying until the water content is ≤ 0.5%, and then added to the refined carbon storage bin 13 through the refined carbon conveyor 22 to obtain the refined carbon;

[0099] (7) Mixing

[0100] Under the control of the carbon product meter 23 and the petroleum asphalt meter 24, the carbon product in the carbon product storage bin 13 and the petroleum asphalt in the petroleum asphalt storage bin 14 and the binder are first added to the mixture stirring tank 15 and mixed evenly, and then added to the mixture delivery barrel 16 to obtain a mixture;

[0101] (8) Carbonization and graphitization

[0102] The mixed material is first added to a powder carbonization furnace 17 and heated to 1600° C. for carbonization, and then added to a powder graphitization furnace 18 and heated to 2000° C. for graphitization, and then cooled to obtain a graphite electrode.

[0103] Example 3

[0104] A dry distillation process of a straw dry distillation device specifically comprises the following steps:

[0105] (1) Washing and crushing

[0106] First, the roots of the straw are cut off to prevent dirt and other impurities from entering the raw materials, then washed with water, the washing water is recycled, and the straw is naturally dried until the moisture content of the straw is ≤3%, and then crushed with a crusher to a particle size of ≤5mm, and finally added to the straw feeding bin 2 through the straw conveyor 1 to obtain straw particles;

[0107] (2) Dry distillation

[0108] Under the action of the feeder at the bottom of the straw feeding bin 2, the straw particles are evenly added to the straw dry distillation machine 3, and heated and dry distilled at a temperature of 500°C to obtain dry distillation carbon;

[0109] By heating and dry distillation, the straw particles can produce coal gas, wood tar, wood acetic acid and dry distillation carbon, wherein the coal gas, wood tar and wood acetic acid are collected at the outlet of the straw dry distillation machine 3 and further processed, and the dry distillation carbon product flows into the dry distillation carbon cooling tank 4 at the lower outlet of the straw dry distillation machine 3 and is cooled by water;

[0110] (3) Cooling grinding

[0111] First, add the carbon to the carbon cooling tank 4 and cool it to ≤30°C, then add it to the carbon storage bin 5 through the carbon delivery pump 19, and finally add it to the carbon grinder 6 to grind it through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain carbon powder;

[0112] (4) Pickling

[0113] First, add the dry distillation carbon powder into the dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank 7, and pickle it with a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 10% at a temperature of 90° C. for 30 minutes, and then add it into the pickling slurry filter 8 through the pickling slurry delivery pump 20 to wash it until the pH is 7, and then filter it to obtain the pickled dry distillation carbon;

[0114] The iron impurities in the carbonized carbon can be removed by pickling. The pickling liquid and the cleaning liquid are treated and recycled separately.

[0115] (5) Alkaline washing

[0116] First, the acid-washed carbon is added to the carbon alkali washing tank 9, and then washed with a sodium hydroxide solution having a mass concentration of 20% at a temperature of 90° C. for 30 minutes, and then added to the alkali washing slurry filter 10 through the alkali washing slurry delivery pump 21 to wash until the total solid content is ≤10ML, and then filtered, and finally added to the carbon alkali fine product storage bin 11 to obtain the carbon alkali fine product;

[0117] Alkaline washing can weaken the hydrogen bonds inside the carbonized carbon, causing the cellulose to swell, dissolving the hemicellulose and part of the lignin, thus facilitating carbonization and graphitization.

[0118] (6) Drying

[0119] First, the refined carbon is added to the refined carbon drying machine 12 for drying until the water content is ≤ 0.5%, and then added to the refined carbon storage bin 13 through the refined carbon conveyor 22 to obtain the refined carbon;

[0120] (7) Mixing

[0121] Under the control of the carbon product meter 23 and the petroleum asphalt meter 24, the carbon product in the carbon product storage bin 13 and the petroleum asphalt in the petroleum asphalt storage bin 14 and the binder are first added to the mixture stirring tank 15 and mixed evenly, and then added to the electrode mold 25 to obtain a mixture;

[0122] (8) Carbonization and graphitization

[0123] First, the mixed material is extruded into a mold by a press 26 at a pressure of 500T / cm 2 As described above, the formed electrode blank is added to the electrode carbonization furnace 27 and heated to 1550°C for carbonization heating. After the carbonized electrode blank is cooled, it is added to the electrode graphitization furnace 28 and heated to 1900°C for graphitization heating. After cooling, it becomes a graphite electrode product, which is used in steelmaking or other smelting or electrolytic smelting.

[0124] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0125] 1. The present invention uses crop straw as raw material, and produces carbonized charcoal by heating and carbonizing and dehydrating, and then uses acid and alkali to remove various ash such as iron, silicon and aluminum in the carbonized charcoal to improve the purity of carbon, thereby replacing natural graphite to produce graphite electrodes used in steel electric furnace steel.

[0126] 2. The present invention not only realizes the high added value utilization of crop straw and increases farmers' income, but also solves the problem of exhaustion of natural graphite resources, turning waste into treasure, achieving two goals at one stroke.

[0127] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0128] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw distillation device, characterized in that: include: Straw conveyor, straw feeding bin, straw distillation machine, distillation carbon cooling tank, distillation carbon storage bin, distillation carbon grinder, distillation carbonic acid washing tank, acid washing slurry filter, distillation carbon alkali washing tank, alkali washing slurry filter, distillation carbon fine storage bin, distillation carbon fine drying machine, distillation carbon finished product storage bin, petroleum asphalt storage bin, mixture mixing tank, mixture conveying barrel, powder carbonization furnace and powder graphitization furnace; The straw conveyor is sequentially connected with the straw feeding bin, the straw distillation machine, the distillation carbon cooling tank, the distillation carbon storage bin, the distillation carbon grinder, the distillation carbon acid washing tank, the acid-washed slurry filter, the distillation carbon alkali washing tank, the alkali-washed slurry filter, the distillation carbon fine product storage bin, the distillation carbon fine product drying machine, the distillation carbon finished product storage bin, the mixed material stirring tank, the mixed material conveying barrel, the powdered carbonization furnace and the powdered graphitization furnace; The petroleum asphalt storage bin is connected to the mixture stirring tank.

2. A straw distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pyrolysis carbon delivery pump, which is arranged between the pyrolysis carbon cooling tank and the pyrolysis carbon storage bin.

3. A straw distillation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pickling slurry delivery pump, which is arranged between the dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank and the pickling slurry filter.

4. A straw distillation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes an alkali-wash slurry delivery pump, which is arranged between the dry distillation carbon alkali-wash tank and the alkali-wash slurry filter.

5. A straw distillation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a pyrolysis carbon fine product conveyor, which is arranged between the pyrolysis carbon fine product dryer and the pyrolysis carbon finished product storage bin.

6. A straw distillation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a pyrolysis carbon finished product meter, and the pyrolysis carbon finished product meter is electrically connected to the pyrolysis carbon finished product storage bin.

7. A straw distillation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a petroleum asphalt meter, which is electrically connected to the petroleum asphalt storage bin.

8. A straw distillation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an electrode mold, a press, an electrode carbonization furnace and an electrode graphitization furnace. The mixed material stirring tank is connected to the electrode mold, the press, the electrode carbonization furnace and the electrode graphitization furnace in sequence.

9. A dry distillation process of the straw dry distillation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) Washing and crushing First, the roots of the straw are cut off, then washed with water, dried naturally, crushed, and finally added to the straw feeding bin through a straw conveyor to obtain straw pellets; (2) Dry distillation Adding straw particles into a straw dry distillation machine, heating and dry distilling, and obtaining dry distillation carbon; (3) Cooling grinding First, the carbon is added to a carbon cooling tank for cooling, then added to a carbon storage bin, and finally added to a carbon grinder for grinding and sieving to obtain carbon powder; (4) Pickling First, add the dry distillation carbon powder into a dry distillation carbonic acid washing tank for pickling, and then add it into a pickling slurry filter for cleaning and filtering to obtain pickled dry distillation carbon; (5) Alkaline washing First, the acid-washed carbon is added to the carbon alkali washing tank for alkali washing, then added to the alkali-washed slurry filter for cleaning and filtration, and finally added to the carbon alkali fine product storage bin to obtain the carbon alkali fine product; (6) Drying First, the refined carbon is added into a refined carbon drying machine for drying, and then added into a refined carbon storage bin to obtain refined carbon. (7) Mixing First, the carbonized product, petroleum asphalt in the petroleum asphalt storage bin and the binder are added to the mixed material stirring tank and mixed evenly, and then added to the mixed material conveying barrel to obtain a mixed material; (8) Carbonization and graphitization The mixed material is firstly added into a powder carbonization furnace for carbonization, then added into a powder graphitization furnace for graphitization, and cooled to obtain a graphite electrode.

10. The dry distillation process of the straw dry distillation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step (1), the drying is performed until the moisture content of the straw is ≤3%, and the pulverizing is performed until the particle size of the straw is ≤5 mm; In step (2), the temperature of the heating and dry distillation is 450-600° C.; In step (3), the cooling is to ≤30°C, and the sieving is performed with a mesh size of 200 meshes; In step (4), the pickling solution is a sulfuric acid solution with a mass concentration of 10%, the pickling temperature is 80-100°C, the pickling time is 30 minutes, and the cleaning is performed until the pH value is 7; In step (5), the alkali washing solution is a sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 20%, the alkali washing temperature is 80-100° C., the alkali washing time is 30 min, and the washing is performed until the total solid content is ≤10ML; In step (6), the drying is performed until the moisture content of the carbonized carbon product is ≤ 0.5%; In step (8), the carbonization temperature is 1500-1600°C, and the graphitization temperature is 1800-2000°C.

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