A Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalangeal fractures

Abstract

A Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalangeal fractures comprises a housing, wherein a first splint and a second splint are disposed opposite each other in the housing, a threaded hole is disposed in the top of the housing, a screw is disposed in the threaded hole, a knob is disposed at the upper end of the screw, a limiting structure is disposed between the lower end of the screw and the first splint, and a rotating pair in the circumferential direction is formed, a first through hole is disposed in the left side of the housing, a second through hole is disposed in the right side of the housing, an opening is disposed in the front side of the housing, two sliding rods are disposed in the openings, each sliding sleeve on the sliding rod is provided with a sliding cylinder, a bolt is disposed in the front side of each sliding cylinder, and a guide sleeve is hinged between the two sliding cylinders. The present invention can predict the direction of travel and the approximate insertion depth of the Kirschner wire in the phalange in advance by adjusting the position and angle of the guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve can effectively stabilize the entire insertion process of the Kirschner wire, preventing the Kirschner wire from sliding sideways on the bone surface and causing iatrogenic damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to daily necessities for human beings, in particular to medical instruments, and in particular to a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalange fractures. Background Art

[0002] Currently, many patients suffer from phalangeal fractures caused by hand trauma. Phalangeal fractures most commonly occur in the middle and distal phalanges, often requiring internal fixation with Kirschner wires. The goal of Kirschner wire fixation is to anatomically reduce the fracture site and provide a stable environment conducive to fracture healing.

[0003] At present, clinical practice mainly uses three methods to treat phalangeal fractures: Kirschner wire fixation, microplate or screw fixation, and external fixation finger splints. Among them, the operation of Kirschner wire fixation for phalangeal fractures depends greatly on the surgeon's personal experience. Generally, multiple needle insertions are required to fix the phalanges in a satisfactory position. However, due to the small size and complex structure of the phalanges, especially the distal phalanges, multiple needle insertions of a single phalanx can easily cause the cortical bone splitting in the corresponding part. In addition, due to the small and dense connective tissue around the fingers, multiple needle insertions of the fingers are more likely to cause damage to the surrounding blood vessels and nerves, and on the other hand, it also aggravates local tissue edema after surgery, which is not conducive to the recovery of the affected fingers and increases the chance of infection.

[0004] At present, the clinical operation method of Kirschner wire internal fixation for phalangeal fractures is roughly as follows: after the phalangeal fracture is reduced, the doctor selects a suitable insertion point and uses an electric drill with his bare hands to insert the Kirschner wire perpendicular to the fracture line for fixation without any auxiliary equipment, relying only on his own experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Kirschner wire positioning and guiding device for phalangeal fractures. The Kirschner wire positioning and guiding device for phalangeal fractures is intended to solve the technical problem in the prior art that internal fixation of phalangeal fractures is difficult and requires multiple needle insertions.

[0006] The invention provides a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalangeal fractures, comprising a shell, a first splint and a second splint arranged facing each other in the shell, the first splint being arranged above the second splint, a threaded hole being arranged in the top of the shell, a screw being arranged in the threaded hole, a knob being arranged at the upper end of the screw, a limiting structure being arranged between the lower end of the screw and the first splint, and forming a rotating pair in the circumferential direction, a first through hole being arranged in the left side of the shell, a second through hole being arranged in the right side of the shell, the first through hole and the second through hole being coaxially arranged, an opening being arranged in the front side of the shell, two sliding rods being arranged in parallel and at intervals in the opening, the length direction of the sliding rods being parallel to the length direction of the shell, each sliding sleeve on the sliding rod being provided with a sliding cylinder, a bolt being arranged in the front side of the sliding cylinder, the bolt being threadedly connected to the sliding cylinder, and a guide sleeve being hinged between the two sliding cylinders.

[0007] Furthermore, the shell is in the shape of a cuboid.

[0008] Furthermore, the limiting structure and the rotating pair include a fixed block fixed on the first clamping plate, an inner cavity is provided in the fixed block, a movable block is provided in the inner cavity, and the lower end of the screw passes through the fixed block and is fixedly connected to the movable block.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed block and the movable block are both in the shape of a hemisphere.

[0010] Furthermore, the first splint and the second splint each include a metal layer and a silicone layer. The metal layer of the first splint is arranged on the upper side of its silicone layer, and the metal layer of the second splint is arranged on the lower side of its silicone layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the first splint and the top surface of the second splint are both concave arc surfaces.

[0012] Further, the shell includes a rear half shell and a front half shell, and the rear half shell and the front half shell are each provided with a first semicircular hole in the left side surface, the two first semicircular holes constitute the first through hole, the rear half shell and the right side surface of the front half shell are each provided with a second semicircular hole, and the two second semicircular holes constitute the second through hole, the rear side of the rear half shell is connected to two card strips, and a card slot is respectively provided in the bottom surface of the right end of the two card strips, and two slots are provided on the left side of the front half shell, and the card strips are respectively arranged in the slots, and a third through hole corresponding to the card slot is respectively provided on the bottom surface of the right end of the slot, and an elastic component is provided at the bottom of the front half shell, and a movable rod is connected to the elastic component, and the elastic component biases the movable rod upward. The movable rod is vertically arranged on the right side of the slot, and one end of two L-shaped locking rods is connected to the side of the movable rod, and the other ends of the two L-shaped locking rods extend into the two card slots respectively, and the top end of the movable rod passes through the front half shell upward to form a locking button.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic component is an arc-shaped spring leaf.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has a positive and obvious effect. The present invention is a Kirschner wire positioning guide for phalangeal fractures. By adjusting the position and angle of the guide sleeve, the direction of travel of the Kirschner wire in the phalange and the approximate insertion depth can be predicted in advance, and the guide sleeve can effectively stabilize the entire insertion process of the Kirschner wire, preventing the Kirschner wire from sliding sideways on the bone surface and causing iatrogenic damage. The first splint and the second splint can maintain the relative position of the affected finger and the guide, and can effectively avoid displacement during the insertion of the Kirschner wire. Compared with the traditional needle insertion method at this stage, the use of this device can effectively reduce the number of punctures, reduce the chance of damage to the joint capsule, ligaments and surrounding tissues, reduce the risk of infection, and improve the patient's prognosis. The shell is composed of two detachable parts, so that the patient's finger can be easily removed when the Kirschner wire enters from the second through hole and is installed in a cross-locked state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalangeal fractures of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalangeal fractures of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a right side structural schematic diagram of a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalangeal fractures of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the connection between the knob and the first splint in a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalanx fractures of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a side structural schematic diagram of the connection between a knob and a first splint in a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalanx fractures of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of the connection between the slide cylinder and the guide sleeve in a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalanx fractures of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a side structural schematic diagram of the connection between the slide cylinder and the guide sleeve in a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalangeal fractures of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic top view of the structure of the connection between the slide cylinder and the guide sleeve in a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalangeal fractures of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9It is a structural schematic diagram of the front half shell and the rear half shell in the phalanx fracture Kirschner wire positioning guide device of the present invention in the separated and unlocked state.

[0024] Figure 10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the front half shell and the rear half shell in the phalanx fracture Kirschner wire positioning guide device of the present invention in the connected and locked state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Any similar structure and similar variations of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. The use of directions such as up, down, front, back, left, and right in the present invention is only for convenience of description and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a Kirschner wire positioning guide device for phalanx fractures of the present invention comprises a shell 1, a first splint 2 and a second splint 3 are arranged opposite to each other in the shell 1, the first splint 2 is arranged above the second splint 3, a threaded hole 4 is provided in the top of the shell 1, a screw 5 is provided in the threaded hole 4, the upper end of the screw 5 is provided with a knob 6, an axial limiting structure is provided between the lower end of the screw 5 and the first splint 2, and a rotating pair in the circumferential direction is formed, a first through hole 7 is provided in the left side of the shell 1, a second through hole 8 is provided on the right side of the shell 1, the first through hole 7 and the second through hole 8 are coaxially arranged, an opening 9 is provided in the front side of the shell 1, two sliding rods 10 are arranged in parallel at intervals in the opening 9, the length direction of the sliding rod 10 is parallel to the length direction of the shell 1, each sliding sleeve on the sliding rod 10 is provided with a slide cylinder 11, and a bolt 12 is provided in the front side of the slide cylinder 11, the bolt 12 is threadedly connected to the slide cylinder 11, and a guide sleeve 13 is hinged between the two slide cylinders 11.

[0028] Furthermore, the housing 1 is in the shape of a cuboid.

[0029] Furthermore, the limiting structure and rotating pair include a fixed block 14, which is fixed on the first splint 2. The fixed block 14 is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is provided with a movable block 15. The lower end of the screw 5 passes through the fixed block 14 and is fixedly connected to the movable block 15.

[0030] Furthermore, the fixed block 14 and the movable block 15 are both in a hemispherical shape.

[0031] Furthermore, the first splint 2 and the second splint 3 each include a metal layer 16 and a silicone layer 17 . The metal layer 16 of the first splint 2 is disposed on the upper side of the silicone layer 17 , and the metal layer 16 of the second splint 3 is disposed on the lower side of the silicone layer 17 .

[0032] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the first clamping plate 2 and the top surface of the second clamping plate 3 are both concave arc surfaces 18 .

[0033] Furthermore, the shell 1 includes a rear half shell 27 and a front half shell 28. The left side of the rear half shell 27 and the front half shell 28 are each provided with a first semicircular hole 29, and the two first semicircular holes 29 constitute the first through hole 7. The right side of the rear half shell 27 and the front half shell 28 are each provided with a second semicircular hole (not shown in the figure), and the two second semicircular holes constitute the second through hole 8. The rear side of the rear half shell 27 is connected to two card strips 19, and the bottom surface of the right end of the two card strips 19 is respectively provided with a card slot 20. The left side of the front half shell 28 is provided with two slots 21, the card strips 19 are each arranged in the slots 21, and a third through hole 22 corresponding to the card slot 20 is respectively provided in the bottom surface of the right end of the slot 21, and an elastic component 23 is provided at the bottom of the front half shell 28. A movable rod 24 is connected to the elastic component 23, and the elastic component 23 biases the movable rod 24 upward. The movable rod 24 is vertically arranged on the right side of the slot 21, and the side of the movable rod 24 is connected to one end of two L-shaped locking rods 25. The other ends of the two L-shaped locking rods 25 extend into the two card slots 20 respectively, and the top end of the movable rod 24 passes through the front half shell 28 upward to form a locking button 26.

[0034] Furthermore, the elastic component 23 is an arc-shaped spring leaf.

[0035] Specifically, the metal layer 16, silicone layer 17, elastic component 23, arc-shaped spring sheet, concave arc surface 18, etc. in this embodiment all adopt well-known solutions in the prior art, which are well understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the vertical position of the first clamping plate 2 is adjusted by a knob 6, and the two are connected by a screw 5, a fixed block 14, and a movable block 15. This ensures a secure vertical connection between the two and ensures that the knob 6 and the first clamping plate 2 are independent of each other in terms of rotational movement. Aside from being fixed in position, the second clamping plate 3 has the same characteristics as the first clamping plate 2.

[0037] The guide sleeve 13 can slide left and right on the slide rod 10 through the slide cylinders 11 on both sides, thereby adjusting the position of the guide sleeve 13. Figure 8 In the top view shown, the guide sleeve 13 can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise with its connection hinge with the sliding sleeve as the rotation axis, thereby adjusting the direction of the guide sleeve 13. These two forms of movement can ensure that the guide sleeve 13 can adapt to fractures in different parts of the finger.

[0038] Shell 1 along Figure 1The top dotted line in the figure demarcates the rear housing 27 and the front housing 28, which are detachable. When the locking button 26 is free of external force, the curved spring lifts the movable rod 24, placing it in the upper position. The L-shaped locking rod extends into the retaining slot 20, connecting the rear housing 27 and the front housing 28 as one body and locking them. Pressing the locking button 26 pushes the movable rod 24 downward against the curved spring, lowering it to its lower position. The locking rod exits the retaining slot 20, releasing the lock and allowing the rear housing 27 and front housing 28 to be separated. During use, the rear housing 27 and front housing 28 are locked.

[0039] The usage and process of this embodiment:

[0040] Preoperative Preparation: Assemble the instrument, locking the locking button 26. Connect the rear housing 27 and the front housing 28 to form a single unit and prepare for use. First, during surgery, the surgeon reduces the fractured end through manipulation or incision. Then, insert the patient's finger into the K-wire guide through the second through-hole 8 on the right side. By turning the knob 6, the height of the first and second splints 2 are adjusted, temporarily securing the patient's finger. Based on X-ray or other imaging results, the surgeon determines the appropriate insertion point and direction. Based on this, the surgeon adjusts the position and direction of the guide sleeve 13. Then, tighten the bolt 12, securing the slide 11 to lock the insertion position. The K-wire is then inserted through the guide sleeve 13 into the patient's finger, completing the K-wire installation. Meanwhile, for patients with transverse distal phalanx fractures, K-wire fixation along the long axis of the finger is often necessary. In this case, insertion through the first through-hole 7 on the left side can achieve longitudinal fixation. Finally, the exposed K-wire is clamped, bent, or otherwise processed.

[0041] When the K-wire is inserted through the first through hole 7 on the left side, the patient's finger can be removed from the second through hole 8. When the K-wire enters the patient's finger from the guide sleeve 13, it is fixed to the phalange and forms a certain angle with the length direction of the finger (i.e., the length direction of the guide), so that the finger and the K-wire are in a cross-locked state within the device. Therefore, the finger cannot actively withdraw from the second through hole 8. At this time, pressing the locking button 26 can separate the rear half shell 27 and the front half shell 28 from each other, making it easier for the patient's finger to be removed from the device.

[0042] The metal layer 16 of the first and second splints 2 and 3 securely fixes the fractured finger, while the silicone layer 17 provides cushioning, preventing the metal layer 16 from squeezing the finger. Furthermore, the concave arc surface 18 maintains lateral stability of the finger, preventing lateral displacement of the fractured end during Kirschner wire insertion.

[0043] The present invention provides a Kirschner wire positioning guide for phalangeal fractures. By adjusting the position and angle of the guide sleeve 13, the direction of travel of the Kirschner wire in the phalange and the approximate insertion depth can be predicted in advance, and the guide sleeve 13 can effectively stabilize the entire insertion process of the Kirschner wire, preventing the Kirschner wire from sliding sideways on the bone surface and causing iatrogenic damage. The first splint 2 and the second splint 3 can maintain the relative position of the affected finger and the guide, and can effectively avoid displacement during the insertion of the Kirschner wire. Compared with the traditional needle insertion method at this stage, the use of this device can effectively reduce the number of punctures, reduce the probability of damage to the joint capsule, ligaments and surrounding tissues, reduce the risk of infection, and improve the patient's prognosis. The shell is composed of two detachable parts, so that the patient's finger can be easily removed when the Kirschner wire enters from the second through hole 8 and is installed in a cross-locked state.

Claims

1. A Kirschner wire positioning and guiding device for phalangeal fractures, characterized by: The invention comprises a shell (1), wherein a first clamping plate (2) and a second clamping plate (3) are arranged opposite to each other in the shell (1), wherein the bottom surface of the first clamping plate (2) and the top surface of the second clamping plate (3) are both concave arc surfaces (18); the first clamping plate (2) is arranged above the second clamping plate (3); a threaded hole (4) is arranged in the top of the shell (1), a screw rod (5) is arranged in the threaded hole (4), a knob (6) is arranged at the upper end of the screw rod (5), a limited position structure is arranged between the lower end of the screw rod (5) and the first clamping plate (2), and a rotating pair in the circumferential direction is formed; a first through hole ( 7), a second through hole (8) is provided in the right side of the housing (1), the first through hole (7) and the second through hole (8) are coaxially arranged, an opening (9) is provided in the front side of the housing (1), two slide rods (10) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the opening (9), the length direction of the slide rod (10) is parallel to the length direction of the housing (1), each sliding sleeve on the slide rod (10) is provided with a slide cylinder (11), a bolt (12) is provided in the front side of each slide cylinder (11), the bolt (12) is threadedly connected to the slide cylinder (11), and a guide sleeve (13) is hinged between the two slide cylinders (11); The shell (1) includes a rear half shell (27) and a front half shell (28), and the left side of the rear half shell (27) and the front half shell (28) are each provided with a first semicircular hole (29), and the two first semicircular holes (29) constitute a first through hole (7). The right side of the rear half shell (27) and the front half shell (28) are each provided with a second semicircular hole, and the two second semicircular holes constitute a second through hole (8). The rear side of the rear half shell (27) is connected to two card strips (19), and the bottom surface of the right end of the two card strips (19) is respectively provided with a card slot (20). The left side of the front half shell (28) is provided with two slots (21), and the card strip (19) Each of the plurality of movable rods (24) is provided in a slot (21), and a third through hole (22) corresponding to the card slot (20) is provided in the bottom surface of the right end of the slot (21). An elastic component (23) is provided at the bottom of the front half shell (28). A movable rod (24) is connected to the elastic component (23). The elastic component (23) biases the movable rod (24) upward. The movable rod (24) is vertically provided on the right side of the slot (21). One end of two L-shaped locking rods (25) is connected to the side of the movable rod (24). The other ends of the two L-shaped locking rods (25) extend into the two card slots (20) respectively. The top end of the movable rod (24) passes through the front half shell (28) upward to form a locking button (26).

2. The Kirschner wire positioning and guiding device for phalangeal fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) is in the shape of a cuboid.

3. The Kirschner wire positioning and guiding device for phalangeal fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting structure and the rotating pair include a fixed block (14), which is fixed on the first clamping plate (2). The fixed block (14) is provided with an inner cavity, and a movable block (15) is provided in the inner cavity. The lower end of the screw (5) passes through the fixed block (14) and is fixedly connected to the movable block (15).

4. The Kirschner wire positioning and guiding device for phalangeal fractures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed block (14) and the movable block (15) are both in the shape of a hemisphere.

5. The Kirschner wire positioning and guiding device for phalangeal fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first splint (2) and the second splint (3) each comprise a metal layer (16) and a silicone layer (17); the metal layer (16) of the first splint (2) is arranged on the upper side of its silicone layer (17); and the metal layer (16) of the second splint (3) is arranged on the lower side of its silicone layer (17).

6. The Kirschner wire positioning and guiding device for phalangeal fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component (23) is an arc-shaped spring sheet.

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