Direct drive shift device, transmission and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of transmissions, and provides a direct-drive shifting device, a transmission, and a vehicle. The direct-drive shifting device of the present invention includes a shift fork provided with a shifting member, and the shifting member is rotationally connected to the shift fork; a shift driving motor for generating and outputting power to drive the shift fork to rotate; a transfer shaft, one end of which is connected to the shift driving motor along its axial direction, and the other end opposite thereto is connected to the shift fork; a positioning shaft, which is rotationally connected to the shift fork at the end of the shift fork away from the transfer shaft, and the axis of the positioning shaft coincides with the axis of the transfer shaft; the shift driving motor drives the transfer shaft to rotate to drive the shift fork to rotate, and the shifting member is driven by the shift fork to move to a position in contact with the synchronizer, and rotates relative to the shift fork to an angle that fits the surface of the synchronizer. The shift driving process of the present invention is simple, and the shifting efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of transmissions, and in particular relates to a direct-drive shifting device, a transmission and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the prevalence of automobiles in people's lives, they have become an indispensable and important tool for people's travel and work. To meet the needs of the engine, most traditional fuel vehicles are equipped with multi-speed transmissions. New energy vehicles are also gradually developing multi-speed transmissions to improve their endurance. Current gear shifting devices often use a synchronizer combined with a gear gear to shift gears. Since the synchronizer's gear shifting action moves in a linear direction, and the drive motor for shifting gears outputs rotational motion, a transmission conversion mechanism is required to convert the motor's rotational motion into linear motion and then drive the shift fork in a linear direction to push the synchronizer to shift gears. However, the gear shifting drive process using the aforementioned method is complicated, which reduces the efficiency and reliability of gear shifting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a direct-drive shifting device, a vehicle transmission system and a vehicle to solve the technical problems in the prior art of providing a transmission conversion mechanism resulting in a complex shifting driving process and low shifting efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a direct-drive shifting device, comprising:

[0006] A shift fork is provided with a shift member, and the shift member is rotatably connected to the shift fork;

[0007] A shift drive motor, used to generate and output power to drive the shift fork to rotate;

[0008] A transfer shaft, one end of which along its axial direction is connected to the shift drive motor, and the other end thereof is connected to the shift fork;

[0009] a positioning shaft, rotatably connected to the shift fork at an end of the shift fork away from the transfer shaft, wherein the axes of the positioning shaft and the transfer shaft coincide with each other;

[0010] The shift drive motor drives the transfer shaft to rotate to drive the shift fork to rotate. Driven by the shift fork, the shift member moves to a position in contact with the synchronizer and rotates relative to the shift fork to an angle that fits the surface of the synchronizer.

[0011] Preferably, the axis of the adapter shaft and the axis of the synchronizer are perpendicular to each other.

[0012] Preferably, the gear shift drive motor output shaft is provided with a first connecting portion with a flat square cross-section at one end facing the adapter shaft, and the adapter shaft is provided with a first connecting hole with a flat square cross-section matching the first connecting portion at one end facing the drive motor output shaft, and the gear shift drive motor output shaft and the adapter shaft are matched through the first connecting portion and the first connecting hole.

[0013] Preferably, the adapter shaft includes a connecting column and a disc-shaped positioning portion, the positioning portion is located at one end of the adapter shaft facing the output shaft of the gear shift drive motor, and the diameter of the positioning portion is greater than the diameter of the connecting column.

[0014] Preferably, the adapter shaft is provided with a second connecting portion with a flat square cross-section at one end facing the shift fork, and the shift fork is provided with a second connecting hole with a flat square cross-section matching the second connecting portion at one end facing the adapter shaft, and the adapter shaft and the shift fork are matched through the second connecting portion and the second connecting hole.

[0015] Preferably, the shift fork includes a main body and two shift dogs, the two ends of the main body along the first axial direction are respectively connected to the adapter shaft and the positioning shaft, the first axial direction is the axial direction of the adapter shaft, the two shift dogs extend from the main body to the two ends of the synchronizer in the radial direction, and the shift member is arranged at the free end of the shift dog.

[0016] Preferably, a rivet hole is provided on the shift fork, and a fourth connecting portion, an abutting portion and a rivet portion are provided on the shift member, the fourth connecting portion passes through the rivet hole, the rivet portion is located on the side of the rivet hole away from the synchronizer, and the abutting portion is located on the side of the rivet hole close to the synchronizer, and the abutting portion is used to abut against the synchronizer when the shift fork shifts the synchronizer to engage gear.

[0017] Preferably, the shift fork is formed with an arc-shaped semi-enclosed structure on a side facing the synchronizer.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a transmission comprising the direct-drive shifting device described in the first aspect.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising the direct-drive shifting device described in the first aspect.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The direct-drive shifting device, transmission, and vehicle of the present invention utilize a shift drive motor to directly drive the shift fork to rotate via an adapter shaft to push the synchronizer to engage gears, eliminating the conversion process and conversion mechanism for converting the rotational motion output by the shift drive motor into linear motion, making the process of driving the shift fork to shift gears simpler and more reliable, improving shifting efficiency and saving costs. The present invention utilizes an adapter shaft and a positioning shaft provided at both ends of the shift fork as support and limit for the rotation of the shift fork, so that the shift fork can stably rotate along a set axial direction under the drive of the shift determination motor, and at the same time utilizes a toggle member connected to the shift fork to shift the synchronizer. The toggle member is driven by the shift fork to push the synchronizer to the gear engaging position. Since the toggle member can rotate relative to the shift fork, the toggle member can fit well with the synchronizer surface during the process of pushing the synchronizer, thereby accurately and reliably pushing the synchronizer to the gear engaging position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the direct-drive shifting device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the adapter shaft of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the shift fork of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A top view of the structure of the present invention that enables the rotating belt to rotate with the synchronizer;

[0026] Figure 5 A side view of a structure of the present invention that enables a rotating belt to rotate with a synchronizer;

[0027] Figure 6 A diagram showing the positional relationship of the four rotating parts of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the transmission flange of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the transmission flange of the present invention from another perspective;

[0030] Figure 9 A three-dimensional view of a structure of a transmission flange of the present invention for connection with a transmission shaft;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a side view of the transmission flange of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a front view of the transmission flange of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the three groups of sub-transmission structure groups disconnected in the present invention

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram of the two groups of sub-transmission structures of the transmission flange of the present invention being staggered in the circumferential direction;

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] Shift drive motor 1, adapter shaft 2, positioning portion 21, first connecting hole 22, connecting column 23, second connecting portion 24, shift fork 3, main body 31, shifting member 32, first rotating member 321, second rotating member 322, third rotating member 323, fourth rotating member 324, shifting member 325, rotating belt 326, abutting portion 33, riveted portion 34, shifting claw 35, adapter shaft 4, positioning shaft 5, synchronizer 6;

[0037] Flange body 410, first connecting part 411, second connecting part 412, limiting hole 4121, stop 4122, first transmission structure 420, first connecting structure 430, second transmission structure 440, first sub-transmission structure group 441, second sub-transmission structure group 442, third sub-transmission structure group 443, fourth sub-transmission structure group 444, and fifth sub-transmission structure group 445. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the term "comprises", "includes" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further limitations, elements defined by the phrase "comprising..." do not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the elements. The embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with each other if there is no conflict, and all are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] A vehicle is a commonly used means of transportation, primarily consisting of a powertrain, transmission system, body, and chassis. The transmission system includes a transmission, drive shaft, and differential. When the vehicle is moving, the power from the powertrain is transmitted to the transmission. The transmission converts the power from the powertrain and outputs power with appropriate torque and speed. The converted power is then transmitted to the drive shaft, which transmits the power to the differential. The differential then transmits the power to the wheels on both sides. The converted power can also be transmitted directly to the differential. To achieve parking and shifting, the transmission is also equipped with a shifting device and a parking device. To lubricate the transmission, differential, and other devices, a lubrication system is also provided for the transmission, differential, and other devices.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a direct-drive shifting device, which includes a shift fork 3 , a shift drive motor 1 , a transfer shaft 42 and a positioning shaft 5 .

[0042] The shift fork 3 is provided with a toggle member 32, which is rotationally connected to the shift fork 3. The aforementioned rotational connection refers to a connection method in which the toggle member 32 can rotate relative to the shift fork 3 after being connected to the shift fork 3. In this embodiment, the toggle member 32 can be rotationally connected to the shift fork 3 by riveting. When riveting is used, the shift fork 3 is provided with a rivet hole, and the toggle member 32 is provided with a fourth connecting portion, an abutting portion 33, and a rivet portion 34. The fourth connecting portion passes through the rivet hole. The rivet portion 34 is located on the side of the rivet hole away from the synchronizer 6. The abutting portion 33 is located on the side of the rivet hole closer to the synchronizer 6. The abutting portion 33 is used to abut the synchronizer 6 when the shift fork 3 shifts the synchronizer 6 to engage a gear. When riveting the shifting member 32 and the shift fork 3 , firstly insert the fourth connecting portion into the riveting hole from the end of the riveting hole close to the synchronizer 6 , and make the riveted portion 34 exposed outside the riveting hole.

[0043] The shift drive motor 1 is used to generate and output power to drive the shift fork 3 to rotate; the shift drive motor 1 is mounted on the transmission housing, and the output shaft of the shift drive motor 1 outputs rotational motion.

[0044] One end of the adapter shaft 42 along its axial direction is connected to the driver, and the other end thereof is connected to the shift fork 3;

[0045] As one of the connection modes between the adapter shaft 42 and the gear-shifting drive motor 1, in this embodiment, the output shaft of the gear-shifting drive motor 1 is provided with a first connecting portion having a flat square cross section at one end thereof facing the adapter shaft 42, and the output shaft of the gear-shifting drive motor 1 is provided with a first connecting hole 22 having a flat square cross section that matches the first connecting portion at one end thereof facing the drive motor output shaft. The output shaft of the gear-shifting drive motor 1 and the adapter shaft 42 are mated with each other through the first connecting portion and the first connecting hole 22. The flat square refers to a rectangle with unequal adjacent sides, i.e., a rectangle with unequal lengths and widths.

[0046] Using the aforementioned connection method, when assembling the adapter shaft 42 and the shift drive motor 1, the first connection hole 22 on the adapter shaft 42 is aligned with the first connection portion on the output shaft of the shift drive motor 1, and the first connection portion is inserted into the first connection hole 22. Because the cross-sections of the first connection portion and the first connection hole 22 are both rectangular with matching shapes and sizes, when the output shaft of the drive motor rotates, the four outer walls of the flat square first connection portion can exert a force on the four inner walls of the first connection hole 22 to form a torque that can drive the adapter shaft 42 to rotate together. The use of the aforementioned connection structure can increase the torque that the adapter shaft 42 can transmit. Because the outer walls of the first connection portion and the inner walls of the first connection hole 22 fit tightly together when the first connection portion and the first connection hole 22 are connected, in order to facilitate quick assembly, this embodiment also provides a chamfer at the end of the first connection portion facing the first connection hole 22, and the size of this end is smaller than the size of the first connection hole 22, so that the end can more easily enter the first connection hole 22 during assembly.

[0047] As another connection method between the adapter shaft 42 and the gear shift drive motor 1, in this embodiment, the output shaft of the gear shift drive motor 1 facing the adapter shaft 42 is provided with a first connecting hole 22 with a flat square cross-section, and the end of the adapter shaft 42 facing the drive electric output shaft is provided with a first connecting portion with a flat square cross-section matching the first hole, and the output shaft of the gear shift drive motor 1 and the adapter shaft 42 are matched through the first connecting portion and the first connecting hole 22.

[0048] As one of the ways to connect the adapter shaft 42 and the shift fork 3, in this embodiment, the adapter shaft 42 is provided with a second connecting portion 24 with a flat square cross-section at one end facing the shift fork 3, and the shift fork 3 is provided with a second connecting hole with a flat square cross-section matching the second connecting portion 24 at one end facing the adapter shaft 42. The adapter shaft 42 and the shift fork 3 are matched through the second connecting portion 24 and the second connecting hole.

[0049] Using the aforementioned connection method, when assembling the adapter shaft 42 and the shift fork 3, the second connecting portion 24 on the adapter shaft 42 is aligned with the second connecting hole on the shift fork 3, and the second connecting portion 24 is inserted into the second connecting hole. Because the cross-sections of the second connecting portion 24 and the second connecting hole are both rectangular, with matching shapes and dimensions, when the adapter shaft 42 rotates, the four outer walls of the oblate second connecting portion 24 exert a force on the four inner walls of the second connecting hole, generating a torque that drives the shift fork 3 to rotate. Using the aforementioned connection structure can increase the torque that the shift fork 3 can transmit. Because the outer walls of the second connecting portion 24 and the inner walls of the second connecting hole fit tightly together when the second connecting portion 24 is connected to the second connecting hole, to facilitate quick assembly, this embodiment also provides a chamfer on the end of the second connecting portion 24 facing the second connecting hole, and the size of this end is smaller than that of the second connecting hole. This makes it easier for this end to enter the first connecting hole 22 during assembly.

[0050] In this embodiment, the positioning shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the shift fork 3 at the end of the shift fork 3 away from the adapter shaft 42, and the axis of the positioning shaft 5 coincides with the axis of the adapter shaft 42;

[0051] The aforementioned rotational connection refers to a connection method in which the shift fork 3 and the positioning shaft 5 are connected so that they can rotate relative to the positioning shaft 5. In the axial direction of the adapter shaft 42, the positioning shaft 5 and the adapter shaft 42 are located at opposite ends of the shift fork 3. This arrangement allows the shift fork 3 to be positioned from both ends while also allowing the shift fork 3 to rotate about the common axis of the positioning shaft 5 and the adapter shaft 42, thereby enabling the shift drive motor 1 to drive the shift fork 3 to rotate.

[0052] The shift drive motor 1 drives the adapter shaft 42 to rotate to drive the shift fork 3 to rotate. Driven by the shift fork 3, the shift member 32 moves to a position in contact with the synchronizer 6 and rotates relative to the shift fork 3 to an angle that fits the surface of the synchronizer 6.

[0053] In this embodiment, the shift drive motor 1 rotates, driving the adapter shaft 42 connected to it to rotate. During this rotation, the adapter shaft 42 drives the shift fork 3 connected to it to rotate. During this rotation, the shift fork 3 drives the shift member 32 toward the synchronizer 6. When the shift fork 3 and the shift member 32 are brought into contact with the synchronizer 6, the shift fork 3 continues to rotate, and the shift member 32 rotates relative to the shift fork 3 under the combined action of the shift fork 3 and synchronizer 6. This adjusts the angle with the synchronizer 6, allowing the shift member 32 to rotate while pushing the synchronizer 6's gear-engaging component toward the gear-engaging position. Furthermore, during the gear-engaging process, the shift member 32 rotates to maintain a consistent angle that allows it to fit well with the surface of the synchronizer 6.

[0054] This embodiment utilizes the shift drive motor 1 to directly drive the shift fork 3 via the adapter shaft 42 to rotate the synchronizer 6 to engage gears. This eliminates the need for the conversion process and mechanism to convert the rotational motion output by the shift drive motor 1 into linear motion, making the process of driving the shift fork 3 to shift gears simpler and more reliable, improving shifting efficiency and saving costs. This embodiment utilizes the adapter shaft 42 and the positioning shaft 5 disposed at both ends of the shift fork 3 as support and limiters for the rotation of the shift fork 3. This allows the shift fork 3 to stably rotate along a predetermined axial direction under the drive of the shift determination motor. Simultaneously, a shifting member 32, rotatably connected to the shift fork 3, is used to shift the synchronizer 6. Driven by the shift fork 3, the shifting member 32 pushes the synchronizer 6 to the engaged gear position. Since the shifting member 32 can rotate relative to the shift fork 3, it can closely contact the surface of the synchronizer 6 during the process of pushing the synchronizer 6, thereby accurately and reliably pushing the synchronizer 6 to the engaged gear position.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the axis of the adapter shaft 42 is perpendicular to the axis of the synchronizer 6. The axis of the adapter shaft 42 refers to the centerline of rotation of the adapter shaft 42 when the shift drive motor 1 drives the adapter shaft 42 to rotate. The axis of the synchronizer 6 refers to the centerline of the synchronizer 6 during rotation. Because the axis of rotation of the shift fork 3 and the axis of rotation of the adapter shaft 42 are the same, this approach allows the shift fork 3 to quickly approach the synchronizer 6 under the drive of the shift drive motor 1, thereby further improving shifting efficiency.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the adapter shaft 42 includes a connecting column 23 and a disc-shaped positioning portion 21. The positioning portion 21 is located at one end of the adapter shaft 42 facing the output shaft of the gear shift drive motor 1, and the diameter of the positioning portion 21 is larger than the diameter of the connecting column 23. The positioning portion 21 can cooperate with the output end of the gear shift motor. After the adapter shaft 42 and the positioning portion 21 are assembled, the disc-shaped positioning portion 21 fits with the surface of the output end of the gear shift motor to limit the axial position of the adapter shaft 42. The aforementioned first connecting hole 22 can be provided at one end where the positioning portion 21 is located. Since the diameter of the positioning portion 21 is larger than the diameter of the connecting column 23, the strength of the connecting position can be increased, thereby avoiding the reduction in strength of the adapter shaft 42 due to the first connecting hole 22. The connecting portion is cylindrical, and the second connecting portion 24 and the positioning portion 21 are respectively located at opposite ends of the second connecting portion 24 in the axial direction.

[0057] like Figure 3As shown, as a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the shift fork 3 includes a main body 31 and two shifting dogs 35. The two ends of the main body 31 along the first axial direction are respectively connected to the adapter shaft 42 and the positioning shaft 5. The first axial direction is the axial direction of the adapter shaft 42. The two shifting dogs 35 extend from the main body 31 to the two ends of the synchronizer 6 in the radial direction. The shifting members 32 are provided at the free ends of the shifting dogs 35. Each shifting dog 35 is provided with a corresponding shifting member 32. With the above structure, the two shifting members 32 can be used to simultaneously push the synchronizer 6 from both sides in the radial direction. The line connecting the two shifting members 32 passes through the rotation center of the synchronizer 6. When pushing, the synchronizer 6 will not be subjected to the overturning torque, so that the shift fork 3 can more stably and reliably push the synchronizer 6 to the gear position. In addition, the shift fork 3 is formed with an arc-shaped semi-enclosed structure on the side facing the synchronizer 6. Such a structure not only reduces the gap between the shift fork 3 and the synchronizer 6 and makes the overall structure more compact, but also allows the shift fork 3 to protect the synchronizer 6, so that the process of shifting the synchronizer 6 is not interfered with by the outside world, and it is also convenient for the shift fork 3 to shift the synchronizer 6 from both sides.

[0058] The shifting process of the direct-drive shifting device using this embodiment is described below.

[0059] Upward shift: Figure 1 As shown, the shift drive motor 1 rotates counterclockwise when viewed from left to right; the power is transmitted to the adapter shaft 42 through the flat square structure, and the adapter shaft 42 is then transmitted to the shift fork 3 through the flat square structure; the fork head of the shift fork 3 moves upward ( Figure 1 The toggle member 32 is rotated to ensure that it fits in the plane of the synchronizer 6, and the synchronizer 6 is shifted upward.

[0060] Shift down: Figure 1 As described above, the shift motor rotates clockwise when viewed from left to right; power is transmitted to the adapter shaft 42 through the flat square structure, and the adapter shaft 42 is transmitted to the shift fork 3 through the flat square structure; the fork head of the shift fork 3 moves downward ( Figure 1 The toggle member 32 is rotated to ensure that it fits in the plane of the synchronizer 6, and the synchronizer 6 is toggled downward to engage the gear.

[0061] In this embodiment, an annular limiting groove is provided on the peripheral wall of the synchronizer 6, and a shifting member 325 is provided at the end of the shift fork 3. The shifting member 325 shifts the gear engaging component of the first synchronizer and / or the second synchronizer 4 by shifting the side wall of the limiting groove.

[0062] In this embodiment, the width of the limiting groove is greater than 1.1 times the width of the toggle member 325, the distance between the first axial position and the second axial position is greater than twice the axial gap between the toggle member 325 and the limiting groove, and the distance between the first axial position and the second axial position is greater than twice the axial gap between the toggle member 325 and the limiting groove. With the aforementioned structure, after the toggle member 325 is inserted into the limiting groove and the synchronizer's gear engaging component is toggled to the gear engaging position, one side of the toggle member 325 contacts one sidewall of the limiting groove, while the other side of the toggle member 325 remains sufficiently clear of the other sidewall of the limiting groove. This prevents the toggle member 325 from shifting the limiting groove due to unexpected small vibrations, causing the gear engaging component to disengage from the current gear position, thereby ensuring more reliable gear engagement. When shifting gears normally, the distance that the toggle member 325 moves in the axial direction must exceed the axial gap between the toggle member 325 and the limiting groove. Therefore, during the shifting movement, the other side of the toggle member 325 can also push the shifting component to move by contacting the other side wall of the limiting groove.

[0063] When the toggle 325 toggles the synchronizer to shift gears, the toggle 325 contacts the synchronizer, and the synchronizer is in high-speed rotation, and relative motion occurs between the toggle 325 and the synchronizer. Therefore, there is continuous sliding friction between the toggle 325 and the synchronizer. Both the toggle 325 and the synchronizer are prone to wear and deformation, and the heat generated by friction will also affect the gearbox. To this end, replaceable wear-resistant parts can be set on the toggle 325 to allow the wear-resistant parts to contact the synchronizer. When the wear-resistant parts are worn to a certain extent, new wear-resistant parts can be replaced. When this method is used, the gearbox needs to be disassembled and assembled before the wear-resistant parts can be replaced, so it is very inconvenient during actual use.

[0064] To this end, an oil guide groove can be set on the shift fork, and the outlet of the oil guide groove can be set on the surface where the shift member 325 contacts the synchronizer. The lubricating oil flows along the oil guide groove to the surface of the shift member 325, forming an oil film between the shift member 325 and the synchronizer to reduce the friction between the two.

[0065] In addition, rollers or needle rollers can be set on the shifting member 325 to reduce friction. However, since the roller contacts the synchronizer in point contact and the needle roller contacts the synchronizer in line contact, the contact areas of these two contact methods are very small, which can easily cause the synchronizer and the shift fork to be subjected to excessive force.

[0066] In this regard, this embodiment adopts a structure that can make the toggle member 325 rotate synchronously with the synchronizer to avoid friction. Figure 6As shown, the first shift fork 32 of this embodiment also includes a cylindrical first rotating member 321, a second rotating member 322, a third rotating member 323 and a fourth rotating member 324, and the first rotating member 321, the second rotating member 322, the third rotating member 323 and the fourth rotating member 324 are rotatably connected to the first shift fork 32, and the extension lines of the rotation axes of the first rotating member 321, the second rotating member 322, the third rotating member 323 and the fourth rotating member 324 intersect at the same intersection, and the same intersection is located on the rotation axis of the first synchronizer, the rotation axis of the first rotating member 321 and the rotation axis of the second rotating member 322 are located in a first plane, and the rotation axis of the third rotating member 323 and the rotation axis of the fourth rotating member 324 are located in a second plane different from the first plane, and the first plane and the second plane are arranged along the axial direction of the first synchronizer. The shifting member 325 is a rotating belt 326. One end of the rotating belt 326 passes sequentially around the outer walls of the first rotating member 321, the second rotating member 322, the third rotating member 323, and the fourth rotating member 324 before connecting to the opposite end. The rotating belt 326 may be a steel belt or a leather belt. In practice, the rotating belt 326 is tightened and wrapped around the outer walls of the four rotating members, connecting end to end to form a ring. When unfolded, the rotating belt 326 has an arc shape. If the distance between the first rotating member 321 and the second rotating member 322 is too long, a fifth rotating member may be provided between the first rotating member 321 and the second rotating member 322 to provide support for the rotating belt 326 in the middle. If the distance between the third rotating member 323 and the fourth rotating member 324 is too long, a fifth rotating member may be provided between the first rotating member 321 and the second rotating member 322 to provide support for the rotating belt 326 in the middle. The fifth and sixth rotating members may be provided in plurality, and their number may be determined by the distance between the first rotating member 321 and the second rotating member 322 or the distance between the third rotating member 323 and the fourth rotating member 324. Each of the aforementioned rotating members may be rotatably connected to the first shift fork 32 via a smooth rotating shaft.

[0067] After adopting the above structure, when the rotating belt 326 moves with the first shift fork 32 to the position of contacting the synchronizer, the rotating belt 326 rotates under the drive of the synchronizer. The rotation direction of the rotating belt 326 is as follows: Figures 8 to 10As shown by the arrow in the figure, when the rotating belt 326 first contacts the synchronizer, there is sliding friction between the rotating belt 326 and the synchronizer. When the rotating belt 326 and the synchronizer have the same rotational speed, there is no relative sliding between the rotating belt 326 and the synchronizer, and no sliding friction will occur to cause wear of the rotating belt 326 and the synchronizer. At this time, the rotating belt 326, driven by the synchronizer, rotates around the four rotating parts in a circular manner. The contact between the rotating belt 326 and the synchronizer is surface contact, which is less likely to cause excessive force concentration, and the rotating belt 326 can always rotate synchronously with the synchronizer.

[0068] This embodiment also provides another implementation method for solving the aforementioned sliding friction problem. The first shift fork 32 also includes multiple groups of rotating components, each group of rotating components includes a seventh rotating member, an eighth rotating member and a rotating belt 326, the seventh rotating member and the eighth rotating member are rotatably connected to the first shift fork 32, and one end of the rotating belt 326 passes around the outer walls of the seventh rotating member and the eighth rotating member in turn and then connects to the other opposite end. The rotating axes of the seventh rotating member and the eighth rotating member are parallel to each other. The eighth rotating member and the ninth rotating member are axially symmetrically arranged, and their symmetry axes serve as the symmetry axes of the rotating components. The extension lines of the symmetry axes of each group of rotating components are compared to the same intersection, and the intersection is located on the rotation axis of the first synchronizer.

[0069] Each rotating assembly forms a small rotating unit, and the rotating belt 326 of each rotating assembly can circulate around four rotating members. Because the extension of the rotating assembly's axis of symmetry lies on the rotation axis of the first synchronizer, when the rotating belt 326 moves with the first shift fork 32 to a position of contact with the synchronizer, the rotation direction of the rotating belt 326 of each rotating assembly is nearly identical to that of the corresponding position on the synchronizer, resulting in minimal sliding friction between the rotating belt 326 of each rotating assembly and the synchronizer. This approach simplifies the structure, allows the rotating assemblies to be arranged in parallel, and facilitates installation, achieving both surface contact and reduced sliding friction.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] This embodiment provides a transmission, which includes the direct-drive shifting device described in the above embodiment. The transmission can utilize the shift drive motor 1 to directly drive the shift fork 3 to shift gears, and the shifting process is simple, reliable, and low-cost.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] This embodiment provides a vehicle including the direct-drive shifting device described in the first aspect. The vehicle of this embodiment can be a conventional fuel vehicle, such as a gasoline vehicle or a diesel vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles include, but are not limited to, pure electric vehicles (BEV / EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV, PHEV, and REEV), fuel cell vehicles (FCEV), and solar cell vehicles.

[0074] The vehicle of this embodiment further includes a transmission system, and the transmission system includes a transmission flange.

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown, the transmission flange mainly includes a flange body 410, a first transmission structure 420, a first connection structure 430 and a second transmission structure 440:

[0076] The first transmission structure 420 is provided on the flange body 410 , and the first transmission structure 420 is used to connect with the transmission output shaft and transmit the torque of the transmission output shaft to the flange body 410 ;

[0077] like Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the output shaft of the transmission is connected to the flange body 410 through the first transmission structure 420. When the output shaft of the transmission rotates, the torque of the output shaft of the transmission acts on the first transmission structure 420 and drives the flange body 410 to rotate together through the first transmission structure 420, so that the rotation and torque of the output shaft are transmitted to the flange body 410.

[0078] The first connecting structure 430 is provided on the flange body 410, and the first connecting structure 430 is used to connect the flange body 410 with the transmission shaft;

[0079] In this embodiment, the first connecting structure 430 only plays a connecting role. The first connecting structure 430 prevents the transmission shaft and the flange body 410 from being loosened by connecting the flange body 410 to the transmission shaft.

[0080] The second transmission structure 440 is arranged at one end of the flange body 410 facing the transmission shaft. The second transmission structure 440 is used to transmit the torque of the flange body 410 to the transmission shaft and prevent the torque from being transmitted to the first connection structure 430.

[0081] When the flange body 410 rotates under the drive of the transmission output shaft, the torque of the flange body 410 is transmitted to the transmission shaft via the second transmission structure 440. During the process of the flange body 410 driving the transmission shaft to rotate, the second transmission structure 440 is responsible for bearing the transmitted torque. Furthermore, the second transmission structure 440 is used to prevent the torque from being transmitted to the first connection structure 430. Thus, during the process of the flange transmitting the torque to the transmission shaft, the first connection structure 430 is not affected by the torque and is therefore not easily damaged. This ensures that the first connection structure 430 can always connect the flange body 410 to the transmission shaft, thereby improving the safety of the flange connection and reducing the number of first connection structures 430, thereby simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0082] As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the second transmission structure 440 is a rectangular tooth, which is arranged on the end face where the flange body 410 is connected to the transmission shaft. The rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 are used to cooperate with the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft to transmit torque.

[0083] The rectangular teeth are elongated and have a rectangular cross-section. In this embodiment, rectangular teeth that mate with the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 can be provided on the transmission shaft. After the flange body 410 is installed and connected to the transmission shaft, the end face of the flange body 410 mates with the transmission shaft, and the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 engage with the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft. When the flange body 410 rotates, the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 contact the rectangular teeth on the adjacent transmission shaft, and the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 push the rectangular teeth on the adjacent transmission shaft, causing the transmission shaft and the flange body 410 to rotate together. The rectangular teeth can be directly machined on the end face of the flange body 410 by milling. In order to simplify the flange structure while allowing the rectangular teeth to withstand torque, the rectangular teeth are formed by two adjacent tooth grooves, which are formed by the end face of the flange body 410 being recessed in the direction away from the transmission shaft. Using the aforementioned structure to form rectangular teeth allows the tops of the teeth to be flush with the end surface of the flange body 410, thus eliminating the need for unnecessary space. The tooth grooves can be formed by simply removing material from the existing flange body 410. The resulting rectangular teeth are integrated with the flange body 410, minimizing impact on the existing flange body 410. The overall structure is simple and provides a strong load-bearing capacity.

[0084] In this embodiment, the first connecting structure 430 is connected to the transmission shaft through a first connecting member; in the rotation direction of the flange, the fitting clearance between the first connecting member and the first connecting structure 430 is greater than the fitting clearance between the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 and the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft.

[0085] Because the clearance between the first connecting member and the first connecting structure 430 in the direction of flange rotation is greater than the clearance between the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 and the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft, when the flange is transmitting, before the first connecting member and the first connecting structure 430 come into contact and receive force, the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 first come into contact with the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft. Due to the obstruction of the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft, a clearance is always left between the first connecting member and the first connecting structure 430, thereby effectively avoiding the torque effect between the first connecting structure 430 and the first connecting member during transmission. The aforementioned first connecting member can be a bolt, and the first connecting structure 430 can be a bolt hole. When the flange body 410 is connected to the transmission shaft, the bolt passes through the bolt hole.

[0086] In this embodiment, multiple transmission structure groups are provided on the flange body 410, each transmission structure group includes several first transmission structures 420 arranged parallel to each other, the number of the first connection structures 430 is the same as the number of the transmission structure groups, and the first connection structures 430 correspond one-to-one to the transmission structure groups, and the transmission structure group is used to prevent torque from being transmitted to the first connection structure 430 corresponding to it.

[0087] like Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment can be provided with multiple first connection structures 430 along the circumferential direction of the flange body 410 to improve connection reliability. Furthermore, this embodiment employs a one-to-one correspondence between transmission structure groups and first connection structures 430. Each first connection structure 430 is protected by a corresponding transmission structure group, ensuring that, among the corresponding first connection structures 430 and transmission structure groups, the transmission structure group is preferred over the first connection structure 430 in terms of torque resistance. This avoids the problem of multiple first connection structures 430 being unable to guarantee that all first connection structures 430 are immune to torque. Each transmission structure group can include multiple first transmission structures 420 arranged in parallel. During transmission, each first transmission structure 420 in the same group can jointly withstand torque. This distributes the torque acting on the flange to each transmission structure group and then further to each first transmission structure 420, reducing the torque borne by each first transmission mechanism while increasing the overall torque resistance.

[0088] Furthermore, in the direction of rotation, the first connecting structure 430 is located at the center of its corresponding transmission structure group. This approach ensures that, regardless of whether the flange body 410 rotates forward or reverse, each first transmission structure 420 in the transmission structure group is subjected to torque before the first connecting structure 430 contacts the first connector, thereby ensuring that torque is not transmitted to the first connecting structure 430.

[0089] For example, six transmission structure groups can be set on the flange body 410, and each transmission structure group is provided with four rectangular teeth. These four rectangular teeth are parallel to each other and are symmetrically arranged with the diameter of the flange body 410 parallel to the four rectangular teeth as the symmetry axis. The first transmission structure 420 corresponding to the group of rectangular teeth is arranged on the group of symmetry axes. The six transmission structure groups are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flange body 410, that is, the angle of the interval between any two adjacent transmission structure groups in the six transmission structure groups is the same, and the interval between adjacent groups is 60 degrees. It is understandable that the number of the aforementioned transmission groups and the number of first connecting structures 430 in each transmission structure group can also adopt other numbers, and are not limited here.

[0090] In this embodiment, a plurality of parallel rectangular teeth can be used in a transmission structure group, and the length of each rectangular tooth is the same as the radial dimension of the end face of the flange body 410. The above-mentioned method can further increase the torque capacity of each transmission structure group without increasing the number of rectangular teeth in each group.

[0091] like Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the flange body 410 includes a cylindrical first connecting part 411 and a disc-shaped second connecting part 412, and the first connecting part 411 and the second connecting part 412 are arranged along the axial direction of the flange body 410. The first connecting part 411 is provided with a through hole passing through the connecting part, and the first transmission structure 420 is a spline, and the spline is provided on the through hole of the first connecting part 411, and the first connecting structure 430 is provided on the second connecting part 412.

[0092] When the first connection structure 430 adopts rectangular teeth, the rectangular teeth are provided on the disc surface of the second connection portion 412 facing the transmission shaft.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first connection portion 411 is used to connect the flange body 410 to the transmission output shaft, while the second connection portion 412 is used to connect the flange body 410 to the drive shaft. By arranging the first and second connection portions 411, 412 along the axial direction of the flange body 410, this embodiment allows the transmission output shaft and the drive shaft to be compactly distributed on both sides of the flange in the axial direction, thereby preventing mutual interference between the power input side and the power output side.

[0094] This embodiment uses splines for transmission on the power input side, which has a strong load-bearing capacity. A through hole can be machined in the first connecting portion 411 first, and then a spline can be machined on the inner wall of the through hole.

[0095] In this embodiment, the second transmission structure 440 extends from the inner wall of the through hole to the outer wall of the second connecting portion 412 in the radial direction of the second connecting portion 412. This approach can fully utilize the radial dimension of the second connecting portion 412 disk, maximizing the length of the rectangular teeth that can withstand torque.

[0096] When the rectangular tooth is long, the deformation of the rectangular tooth under torque increases. When the deformation exceeds a certain level, the same rectangular tooth will not be in sufficient contact with its mating rectangular tooth, which will reduce the load-bearing capacity of the rectangular tooth. To this end, in this embodiment, each rectangular tooth is composed of multiple sub-rectangular teeth of smaller lengths, and adjacent sub-rectangular teeth are disconnected. After adopting the above method, the deformation of each sub-rectangular tooth will not be added to the other sub-rectangular teeth, so that the deformation of the rectangular tooth can be dispersed among the sub-rectangular teeth. The deformation of each sub-rectangular tooth is very small and will not exceed the level that would cause insufficient contact between the rectangular teeth. The gap between adjacent sub-rectangular teeth can be very small, so the above structure will not significantly reduce the length of the part of the rectangular tooth that can withstand torque.

[0097] like Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, each transmission structure group is composed of two sub-transmission structure groups, namely the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442. The number, cross-sectional shape, and arrangement interval of the rectangular teeth in the two sub-transmission structure groups are equal, except that the two sub-transmission structure groups are staggered in the circumferential direction, and each rectangular tooth is also divided into two disconnected parts, and belongs to the two sub-transmission structure groups. The above-mentioned method can reduce the deformation of the rectangular teeth without reducing the total length of the torque-bearing part of the rectangular teeth. After the two sub-transmission structure groups are staggered in the circumferential direction, the force on the flange body 410 will not be concentrated on the same circumferential position of the flange body 410, and the deformation of the flange body 410 will also be dispersed to various positions of the flange body 410 in the circumferential direction.

[0098] One end of each rectangular tooth in the first sub-transmission structure group 441 extends to the outer wall of the flange body 410, so that the milling cutter can remove material from the outer side of the flange body 410 to the inner side at one time to complete the processing of the rectangular teeth, which can significantly improve the processing efficiency.

[0099] In the circumferential direction, the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 can be completely staggered or partially staggered. When the completely staggered method is adopted, the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 partially overlap in the radial direction. The portion of the flange body 410 where the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 are disconnected cannot withstand torque, and the force on the portion of the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 near the disconnected position will also change abruptly, all of which will affect the service life of the flange. After the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 partially overlap in the radial direction, the portion of the original flange body 410 that cannot withstand torque due to the disconnection of the radial teeth is eliminated, and the force on the portion of the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 near the disconnected position is avoided.

[0100] When using a partially staggered arrangement, the tooth grooves of the rectangular teeth in the first sub-transmission structure group 441 can be aligned with the tooth tops of the rectangular teeth in the second sub-transmission structure group 442. This arrangement maximizes the circumferential portion of the flange body 410 used to carry torque within the same transmission structure group, thereby increasing the torque that the flange body 410 can withstand.

[0101] like Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the same transmission structure group is composed of three sub-transmission structure groups. From the outer wall of the flange body 410 inward, they are the third sub-transmission structure group 443, the fourth sub-transmission structure group 444, and the fifth sub-transmission structure group 445. The rectangular teeth of each transmission structure group are disconnected from each other, and the rectangular teeth of the third sub-transmission structure group 443 are shorter than those of the fourth sub-transmission structure group 444, which in turn are shorter than those of the fifth sub-transmission structure group 445. Under the same torque, the outer side of the flange body 410 deforms more than the inner side. This embodiment utilizes the aforementioned structure where the rectangular teeth shorten from the inside out. This reduces the variance in the deformation of the rectangular teeth at various radial locations on the flange body 410, preventing excessive deformation of the rectangular teeth at local radial locations on the flange body 410, which could affect the flange's service life.

[0102] like Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, a limiting hole 4121 cooperating with the transmission shaft is provided on the second connecting portion 412, and a stop 4122 for limiting the axial position of the transmission shaft is provided at one end of the limiting hole 4121 facing the first connecting portion 411, and the spline extends to the position of the stop 4122.

[0103] During installation, the end of the transmission shaft can be inserted into the stop hole 4121 of the second connecting portion 412 until the end of the transmission shaft abuts the stop 4122. The output shaft of the gearbox can then be inserted into the through hole. Because the spline in the through hole extends to the stop 4122, the distance between the input end where torque is transmitted and the end of the transmission shaft is relatively short. This approach shortens the distance between the input end where torque is transmitted and the output end where torque is transmitted, thereby reducing the deformation of the transmission components between the input and output ends under the action of torque.

[0104] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A direct drive shifting device, characterized in that: include: A shift fork is provided with a shift member, and the shift member is rotatably connected to the shift fork; A shift drive motor, used to generate and output power to drive the shift fork to rotate; A transfer shaft, one end of which along its axial direction is connected to the shift drive motor, and the other end thereof is connected to the shift fork; a positioning shaft, rotatably connected to the shift fork at an end of the shift fork away from the transfer shaft, wherein the axes of the positioning shaft and the transfer shaft coincide with each other; The shift drive motor drives the transfer shaft to rotate to drive the shift fork to rotate. Driven by the shift fork, the shift member moves to a position in contact with the synchronizer and rotates relative to the shift fork to an angle in contact with the surface of the synchronizer. The first and second rotating members are connected to each other with a first end in contact with each other, and the third rotating member is connected with the first rotating member to contact the fourth rotating member.

2. The direct drive shift device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the adapter shaft and the axis of the synchronizer are perpendicular to each other.

3. The direct drive shift device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift drive motor output shaft is provided with a first connecting portion with a flat square cross-section at one end facing the adapter shaft, and the adapter shaft is provided with a first connecting hole with a flat square cross-section matching the first connecting portion at one end facing the drive motor output shaft. The shift drive motor output shaft and the adapter shaft are matched through the first connecting portion and the first connecting hole.

4. The direct drive shift device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adapter shaft includes a connecting column and a disc-shaped positioning portion. The positioning portion is located at one end of the adapter shaft facing the output shaft of the gear shift drive motor. The diameter of the positioning portion is greater than the diameter of the connecting column.

5. The direct drive shift device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the adapter shaft facing the shift fork is provided with a second connecting portion with a flat square cross-section, and the end of the shift fork facing the adapter shaft is provided with a second connecting hole with a flat square cross-section matching the second connecting portion. The adapter shaft and the shift fork are matched through the second connecting portion and the second connecting hole.

6. The direct drive shift device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift fork includes a main body and two shift dogs, the two ends of the main body along the first axial direction of the main body are respectively connected to the adapter shaft and the positioning shaft, the first axial direction is the axial direction of the adapter shaft, the two shift dogs extend from the main body to the two ends of the radial direction of the synchronizer, and the shift member is arranged at the free end of the shift dog.

7. The direct drive shift device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rivet hole is provided on the shift fork, and a fourth connecting portion, an abutting portion and a rivet portion are provided on the shift member. The fourth connecting portion passes through the rivet hole, the rivet portion is located on the side of the rivet hole away from the synchronizer, and the abutting portion is located on the side of the rivet hole close to the synchronizer. The abutting portion is used to abut against the synchronizer when the shift fork shifts the synchronizer to engage gear.

8. The direct drive shift device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: A side of the shift fork facing the synchronizer is formed with an arc-shaped semi-enclosed structure.

9. A transmission, characterized in that The direct drive shift device comprises the direct drive shift device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that The direct drive shift device comprises the direct drive shift device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Images