An experimental device for wave current impacting a shore building

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fluid mechanics, and in particular to an experimental device for wave water flow impacting on shore buildings, which comprises a water tank with adjustable slope. The water tank includes a water flow development area and a backflow area. The water flow development area is separated by a water retaining plate to form a water storage area and a test area. A wave baffle is provided in the test area, and a structure is provided at the rear end of the wave baffle. A tail baffle is installed inside the water tank at the rear end of the structure, a high-speed camera is installed at the corresponding position in the water flow development area, a wave height meter is installed at the front end of the structure, and a water level gauge is installed in the water storage area. The present invention has strong stability and is easy to operate. It strictly controls the water flow rate, increases the adjustment of the water flow impact speed, further considers the terrain slope of the actual water flow impact, and at the same time the wave baffle can generate different wave forms, and the tail baffle realizes single-impact and multi-impact types, providing solutions for experimental research on engineering problems related to water flow impact such as riverbanks and coasts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fluid mechanics, and particularly to an experimental device for wave and current impact on shore structures. Background Art

[0002] Wave and current impact on shore structures widely exists in the engineering field. Natural phenomena of current impact on structures commonly occur on riverbanks and coasts. The huge impact force during the current impact can cause serious damage to structures. Riverbank currents can tilt and collapse shore buildings such as houses and villages; coastal currents can directly damage shore facilities such as roads and breakwaters. Thus, the problem of current impact has seriously threatened the building safety of riverbanks and coasts in our country, and in-depth research on it has important engineering value. Currently, for shallow water wave impact on riverbanks and coasts, two factors need to be considered. One is wave impact, and the other is the coupling effect between the current and the structure. When considering wave impact, the wet surface changes violently over time, and strong nonlinear curling deformation or even breaking occurs on the free liquid surface, which may involve bubble entrainment and cavitation generation phenomena; when considering the interaction between the current and the structure, the impact on the structure is affected by the wave impact force, and the wave impact force is in turn affected by the properties of the structure itself (elasticity, erosion, permeability, etc.). The two are a mutually coupled process. Each factor will bring great difficulties and challenges to the current theory and numerical simulation. Therefore, experimental research is still a necessary means to study such complex problems.

[0003] The technical solution of the present invention relates to an experimental device for wave and current impact on shore structures. In the process of wave and current impact on shore structures, there are many factors involved, such as wave form, terrain slope, current velocity, water flow rate, impact type, etc. Currently, it is difficult for existing impact experimental devices to accurately control these factors simultaneously, resulting in limitations in experimental conditions. The present invention can consider these factors simultaneously and effectively enrich experimental conditions. The design mode enriches the experimental conditions for problems of wave and current impact on shore structures such as riverbanks and coasts, and the comprehensive consideration of multiple factors provides guarantee for the scientific nature of the experiment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for wave and current impact on shore structures, which can meet the precise control of terrain slope, current velocity and water flow rate during current impact.

[0005] To achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An experimental device for wave water flow impacting a shore structure includes an inclined base with adjustable angle. A water tank with an open top is installed on the inclined base. Inside the water tank, a bottom partition divides it into an upper water flow development area and a lower backflow area. The water flow development area is divided into a water storage area and a test area by a water baffle that can move up and down. The test area includes a wave baffle whose angle can be adjusted in the width direction and is installed at the bottom of the bottom partition. A chute is fixedly provided along the length direction at the bottom of the bottom partition at the rear end of the wave baffle, and a structure is fixed on the chute. A tail baffle is installed inside the water tank at the rear end of the structure. It also includes a support frame arranged on one side of the water tank. The upper part of the support frame is provided with a diversion chute with adjustable inclination angle. A lifting support for lifting the water baffle is also erected on the top of the support frame. A crane is installed on the lifting support. A high-speed camera is installed at the corresponding position of the water flow development area outside the water tank. A wave height meter is installed at the front end of the structure, and a water level gauge is installed in the water storage area.

[0007] Further, a horizontal card slot for installing the bottom partition is opened at the lower part along the length direction inside the water tank, a rear vertical card slot for installing the tail baffle is opened at the rear end inside the water tank, and a front vertical card slot for installing the water baffle is opened at the upper part of the corresponding bottom partition and the front end inside the water tank.

[0008] Further, the diversion chute is composed of a U-shaped chute. The bottom end of the upper part of the U-shaped chute is fixed on a transverse support rod, and both ends of the transverse support rod are fixed on the support frame by bolts.

[0009] Further, two mutually parallel slide rails are installed on the ground on both sides of the water tank. The support frame is slidably installed on the slide rails. The slide rails are strip-shaped card slots, and a number of guide rods that fit with the inside of the card slots are installed in the strip-shaped card slots. Copper sleeves are fixedly provided on the guide rods, and the copper sleeves are fixedly connected with the support frame.

[0010] Further, the wave baffle includes a front movable plate and a rear fixed plate. The front ends of the front movable plate and the rear fixed plate are hinged by a hinge, and the rear ends are connected by a telescopic support column. The rear fixed plate is fixedly installed on the bottom partition.

[0011] Further, the inclined base is a wedge-shaped base. The wedge-shaped base includes a bottom plate installed on the ground and an upper movable plate connected to the bottom plate. One end of the bottom plate and the upper movable plate is connected by a telescopic column, and an activity ring for installing an angle meter is installed at the other end. A retaining strip for fixing the water tank is installed along the width direction at the inclined low point position of the upper movable plate.

[0012] Further, a number of positioning holes for fixing the structure are preset on the chute, and a horizontal scale parallel to it is also provided on one side of the chute.

[0013] Furthermore, the support frame is composed of a frame structure of cross bars, longitudinal bars and vertical bars, and the cross bars, longitudinal bars and vertical bars are riveted through connecting flanges.

[0014] Beneficial effects

[0015] One side of the inclined base of the experimental device adjusts the slope of the wedge through a telescopic support column to accurately simulate different terrain slopes. The water retaining plate is connected to the water tank through a vertical card slot to move up and down. The bottom partition plate is carried inside the water tank through a horizontal card slot. A water storage area is formed between the water retaining plate, the water tank and the bottom partition plate. When the water retaining plate is lifted upwards, the water flow is released, forms waves after passing through the wave baffle, and scours the structure. A water flow development area is formed above the bottom partition plate, and a backflow area is formed at the bottom; the water level in the water storage area controls the water level in the water storage area and adjusts the water flow rate. A wave baffle with an adjustable angle is placed on the bottom partition plate to facilitate the generation of different wave forms. The structure is fixed on the chute of the bottom partition plate, and by moving the structure, the impact speed of the model encountering the water flow is adjusted. If the tail baffle is lifted, the scoured water flow flows into the backflow area isolated by the bottom partition plate, simulating the process of the wave water flow impacting the building once; if the tail baffle drops, the scoured water flow flows back, simulating the process of the wave repeatedly impacting the structure. The wave height meter records the wave height, and the external camera records the evolution characteristics of the scouring water flow at the transparent glass.

[0016] A diversion trough is installed on the support frame for water injection, and the angle of the diversion trough is adjustable. If the water retaining plate is removed, the water flow directly flows into the test area of the water tank through the diversion trough, simulating the impact of high-speed wave water flow. An electric hoist is installed on the crane support on the support base, and can be connected to the water retaining plate or the tail baffle through a steel wire rope to drive the water retaining plate or the tail baffle to move upwards.

[0017] The structure of the present invention is simple and highly operable. A water storage area, a flow area and a backflow area are formed inside the water tank, realizing the storage, flow and recycling of the water flow, and a series of operations do not affect each other. The structure can withstand a large external impact force and has good stability, ensuring the effectiveness of experimental data under severe working conditions. The technical solution of the present invention accurately controls various factors such as terrain slope, water flow velocity, wave form and water flow rate during the water flow impact, enriches the experimental conditions for water flow impact problems such as riverbanks and coasts, and the comprehensive consideration of multiple factors provides a guarantee for the scientific nature of the experiment. Brief description of the drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram inside the water tank of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the diversion trough of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of the slide rail of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the wave baffle of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the wedge-shaped base of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connection of the inner flange of the support frame of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1 - water tank, 2 - water baffle, 3 - tail baffle, 4 - support frame, 5 - diversion channel, 6 - bottom partition, 7 - wedge-shaped base, 8 - slide rail, 9 - high-speed camera, 10 - rib, 11 - water mark, 12 - wave baffle, 13 - chute, 14 - wave height gauge, 15 - structure, 16 - horizontal scale, 17 - angle gauge, 18 - crane support, 19 - connecting flange;

[0026] Water tank front plate 101, water tank rear plate 102, vertical card slot 103, horizontal card slot 104, U-shaped groove 501, transverse support rod 502, bolt 503, upper movable plate 701, bottom plate 702, telescopic column 703, retaining strip 704, movable ring 705, guide rail groove 801, copper sleeve 802, guide rod 803, support column 121, front movable plate 122, retention hole 123, rear fixing plate 124. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] In order to make the technical objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] In specific implementation, as Figure 1 shown, an experimental device for wave water flow impacting a shore structure includes an inclined base with adjustable angle. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , the inclined base is a wedge-shaped base 7. The wedge-shaped base 7 includes a bottom plate 702 installed on the ground and an upper movable plate 701 connected to the bottom plate 702. One end of the bottom plate 702 and the upper movable plate 701 is connected by a telescopic column 703, and the other end is provided with a movable ring 705 for installing an angle gauge 17. A retaining strip 704 for fixing the water tank 1 is installed along the width direction at the inclined low point position of the upper movable plate 701 to prevent the water tank 1 from sliding down. The slope of the wedge body is adjusted by a telescopic support column 121 to simulate the actual terrain slope. A water tank 1 with an open top is installed on the inclined base. The water tank 1 includes a water tank front plate 101 and a water tank rear plate 102 on the front and rear sides. The water tank front plate 101 is a glass plate, and the water tank rear plate 102 can be a glass plate or a metal plate. Refer to Figure 1 andFigure 2 , in the water tank 1, an upper water flow development area and a lower return area are separated by a bottom partition plate 6. The water flow development area is separated by a water baffle 2 that can move up and down to form a water storage area and a test area. Specifically, a horizontal slot 104 for installing the bottom partition plate 6 is provided at the lower end in the length direction inside the water tank 1. The bottom partition plate 6 is carried inside the water tank 1 through the horizontal slot 104. A rear vertical slot 103 for installing the tail baffle 3 is opened at the rear end inside the water tank 1. The tail baffle 3 is clamped in the rear vertical slot 103. The tail baffle 3 can be lifted by a crane. If the tail baffle 3 is lifted, the scoured water flows to the return area separated by the bottom partition plate 6, simulating the process of a wave current impacting a building once; if the tail baffle 3 falls, the scoured water flows back. Front vertical slots 103 for installing the water baffle 2 are opened at the front end inside the water tank 1 corresponding to the upper part of the low partition plate. The water baffle 2 is clamped in the front vertical slot 103. The water baffle 2 can be lifted by a crane. When the water baffle 2 is lifted upward, the water is released, forms waves after passing through the wave baffle 12, and scours the structure 15. A high-speed camera 9 is installed at the corresponding position in the water flow development area outside the water tank 1. A wave height meter 14 is installed at the front end of the structure 15. A water level gauge 11 is installed in the water storage area. As Figure 1 shown, the test area includes a wave baffle 12 whose angle can be adjusted in the width direction at the bottom of the bottom partition plate 6. Refer to Figure 5 , the wave baffle 12 includes a front movable plate 122 and a rear fixed plate 124. The rear fixed plate 124 is connected to the bottom partition plate 6 through a retaining hole 123. A support column 121 adjusts the angle between the front movable plate 122 and the rear fixed plate 124 to simulate the generation of different waves. The front ends of the front movable plate 122 and the rear fixed plate 124 are hinged through a hinge, and the rear ends are connected by a telescopic support column 121. The rear fixed plate 124 is fixedly installed on the bottom partition plate 6, and the angle of the wave baffle 12 can be flexibly adjusted to facilitate the generation of different wave forms. A chute 13 is fixedly provided in the length direction at the bottom of the bottom partition plate 6 at the rear end of the wave baffle 12. A number of positioning holes for fixing the structure 15 are preset on the chute 13. The structure 15 is fixed on the chute 13 through the positioning holes. The scouring speed of the model encountering the water flow is adjusted by moving the structure 15. A horizontal scale 16 parallel to it is also provided on one side of the chute 13 for measuring the distance between the structure 15 and the water baffle 2.

[0029] Two parallel slide rails 8 are installed on the ground on both sides of the water tank 1. The support frame 4 is slidably installed on the slide rails 8. Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4The slide rail 8 is a strip-shaped card slot, and a plurality of guide rods 803 that fit the inside of the card slot are installed in the strip-shaped card slot. A copper sleeve 802 is fixedly arranged on the guide rod 803, and the copper sleeve 802 is fixedly connected to the support frame 4. The upper part of the support frame 4 is provided with a guide groove 5 with an adjustable inclination angle, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The guide groove 5 is composed of a U-shaped groove 501, the upper bottom end of the U-shaped groove 501 is fixed on a transverse support rod 502, and the two ends of the transverse support rod 502 are fixed on the support frame 4 by bolts 503. The middle part of the U-shaped groove 501 is supported by a rib 10 erected on the support frame. On the one hand, the guide groove 5 can be used for water injection. On the other hand, the angle of the guide groove 5 is adjustable, and the water storage area can be directly eliminated. The water flow directly flows into the test area of ​​the water tank 1 through the guide groove 5, which can simulate the impact of wave water flow at different speeds. The water is flushed by the guide groove 5 to achieve a higher water flow flushing speed.

[0030] The support frame 4 is composed of a frame structure of horizontal bars, longitudinal bars and vertical bars, please refer to Figure 7 , the crossbar, longitudinal bar and vertical bar are riveted by connecting flange 19. A lifting bracket for lifting the water baffle 2 and the tail baffle 3 is also set up on the top of the support frame 4, and a crane is installed on the lifting bracket. The crane bracket 18 on the support seat is used to hang an electric hoist (existing product, not shown in the figure). The electric hoist, the lifting bracket and the water baffle 2 / tail baffle 3 are connected by a wire rope (not shown in the figure). When the electric hoist is started, the water baffle 2 is lifted upward, the water flow in the water storage area is released, and flows along the bottom partition 6 to impact the structure 15. The high-speed camera 9 placed outside the water tank 1 records the evolution characteristics of the water flow that scours the structure.

[0031] In specific implementation, the slope of the wedge-shaped base 7 is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic column 703, and the angle gauge 17 records the slope to accurately simulate the terrain slope. The support frame 4 is moved, and water is injected into the water storage area along the diversion trough 5 through a water pump. After reaching the control water level, the water injection is stopped to achieve the purpose of accurately controlling the water level. The structure 15 is fixed on the positioning hole of the sliding groove 13. By selecting different positioning holes, the distance between the control structure 15 and the water baffle 2 is adjusted to simulate the actual water flow scouring speed, and the horizontal scale 16 records the distance. The wave baffle 12 adjusts the angle through the column to generate different shallow water waves. The support frame 4 is moved again, and its right side approaches the water baffle 2, and the high-speed camera 9 is turned on to maintain the recording state. The crane is started to drive the water baffle 2 to be lifted upward, and the water flow is released from the water storage area and develops through the wave baffle 12 in the flow area to realize the water flow impact on the structure 15. If the tail baffle is lifted, the scoured water flow will flow back to the return area for collection, which is used to simulate the experimental purpose of the wave scouring the structure 15 once; if the baffle is not lifted, the scoured water flow will flow back and forth between the left side of the water tank 1 and the baffle to realize the experimental purpose of the wave continuously scouring the structure 15. If the water baffle 2 is removed, the water flow is directly provided by the diversion trough 5, which can provide a higher water flow impact speed.

[0032] There are many factors involved in the wave water flow impacting the shore structure. The present invention solves the experimental conditions in the current experimental device that it is difficult to comprehensively consider various factors. The present invention has strong stability and is easy to operate. It strictly controls the water flow rate, increases the adjustment of the water flow impact speed, further considers the terrain slope of the actual water flow impact. At the same time, the wave baffle 12 can generate different wave forms, and the tail baffle realizes the types of single impact and multiple impacts, providing a solution for the experimental research on engineering problems related to water flow impacts such as riverbanks and coasts.

[0033] In this embodiment, there are no special requirements for the structural dimensions, which is convenient for the requester to design the model scale according to the actual experimental requirements. The support frame 4 has high structural strength and can bear a load within 500 kg, which is convenient for the impact test of large-scale models. In other embodiments, the support frame 4 can be used to lift the water baffle 2 in other ways. For example, when the water volume is small and the load is light, it can be directly lifted by hand. Further, when the load is between 50-100 kg, only one frame can be set to ensure the structural strength.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Any equivalent replacement of the present invention and any modification or partial replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for wave current impacting a shore building, characterized in that, it includes an inclined base with adjustable angle. The inclined base is a wedge-shaped base, which includes a bottom plate installed on the ground and an upper movable plate connected to the bottom plate. One end of the bottom plate and the upper movable plate is connected by a telescopic column, and the other end is installed with a movable ring for installing a protractor. A retaining strip for fixing the water tank is installed along the width direction at the inclined low point position of the upper movable plate; a water tank with an open top is installed on the inclined base. The water tank is divided into an upper water flow development area and a lower backflow area by a bottom partition. The water flow development area is divided into a water storage area and a test area by a water baffle that can move up and down. The test area includes a wave baffle whose angle can be adjusted in the width direction and is installed at the bottom of the bottom partition. The wave baffle includes a front movable plate and a rear fixed plate. The front ends of the front movable plate and the rear fixed plate are hinged by a hinge, and the rear ends are connected by a telescopic strut. The rear fixed plate is fixedly installed on the bottom partition; a chute is fixedly provided along the length direction at the bottom of the rear end of the wave baffle on the bottom partition, and a structure is fixed on the chute. A tail baffle is installed at the rear end of the structure inside the water tank; It also includes a support frame arranged on one side of the water tank. The upper part of the support frame is provided with a diversion trough with adjustable inclination angle. A lifting support for lifting the water baffle is also erected on the top of the support frame. A crane is installed on the lifting support. A high-speed camera is installed at the corresponding position in the water flow development area outside the water tank. A wave height meter is installed at the front end of the structure, and a water level gauge is installed in the water storage area.

2. The experimental device for wave current impacting a shore building according to claim 1, characterized in that, a horizontal card slot for installing the bottom partition is opened at the lower end along the length direction inside the water tank, a rear vertical card slot for installing the tail baffle is opened at the rear end of the water tank, and a front vertical card slot for installing the water baffle is opened inside the front end of the water tank and the upper part of the corresponding bottom partition.

3. The experimental device for wave current impacting a shore building according to claim 1, characterized in that, the diversion trough is composed of a U-shaped trough. The upper bottom end of the U-shaped trough is fixed on a transverse support rod, and both ends of the transverse support rod are fixed on the support frame by bolts.

4. The experimental device for wave current impacting a shore building according to claim 1, characterized in that, two mutually parallel slide rails are installed on the ground on both sides of the water tank. The support frame is slidably installed on the slide rails. The slide rails are strip-shaped card slots, and a number of guide rods that fit with the inside of the card slots are installed in the strip-shaped card slots. Copper sleeves are fixedly provided on the guide rods, and the copper sleeves are fixedly connected to the support frame.

5. The experimental device for wave current impacting a shore building according to claim 1, characterized in that, a number of positioning holes for fixing the structure are preset on the chute, and a horizontal scale parallel to it is also provided on one side of the chute.

6. The experimental device for wave current impacting a shore building according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame is composed of a frame structure of cross bars, longitudinal bars and vertical bars, and the cross bars, longitudinal bars and vertical bars are riveted through connecting flanges.

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