A blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device and fertilization method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device and a fertilization method thereof, wherein an infrared temperature sensor is installed in a greenhouse to monitor the average daily temperature, and a control terminal generates a control signal when the average daily temperature reaches a temperature threshold during a continuous monitoring period, and the water-fertilizer integrated device is started to implement water-fertilizer irrigation on blueberries, and the drip irrigation pipe is laid at 3-10 cm to the left or right of the middle of the ridge platform, and the dripper is distributed at 10-25 cm from the blueberry plant. In the early stage of blueberry flowering, the early stage of fruit setting, the early stage of fruit production, the late stage of fruit production and the early stage of flower bud differentiation, ammonium sulfate, superphosphate and potassium sulfate of different proportions are used to fertilize blueberries. The present invention changes according to the ambient temperature, combines the water-fertilizer integrated device, corresponds to different growth periods of blueberries, realizes scientific fertilization of blueberries, plays the role of saving water, fertilizer and manpower for greenhouse blueberry cultivation and irrigation management, and effectively improves the yield and quality of greenhouse blueberries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of blueberry planting, in particular to a blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device and a fertilization method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) is a perennial deciduous or evergreen shrub of the genus Vaccinium in the Ericaceae family. Blueberry fruit is rich in various amino acids, minerals, vitamins, anthocyanins, etc., and has health benefits such as preventing high blood pressure and relieving visual fatigue. In particular, the high content of anthocyanins has health benefits such as enhancing human immunity, delaying aging, preventing heart disease, and preventing cancer.

[0003] Water and fertilizer are necessary factors for plant growth. Blind fertilization not only causes fertilizer waste, but may also cause environmental pollution. Intelligent water-fertilizer integration technology refers to a new agricultural technology that combines irrigation and fertilization with relevant intelligent sensing equipment. Water-fertilizer integration is to mix soluble solid or liquid fertilizers according to the soil nutrient content and the characteristics of the crop type into fertilizer liquid, and supply water and fertilizer through a controllable pipeline system together with irrigation water. After the water and fertilizer are blended, drip irrigation is formed through pipes and drippers to evenly and quantitatively infiltrate the root development and growth area of ​​the crop; at the same time, according to the characteristics of different crops, water and nutrients are directly provided to plants in proportion. Although water-fertilizer integration technology can significantly improve the water use efficiency and fruit quality of crops, the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers required for the same crop at different times is also different. If it is applied in a fixed ratio, it will inevitably lead to a lack or excess of a certain element in a certain period. At present, there have been many studies on integrated water-fertilizer technology in crops such as tomatoes, corn, pears, and apples. However, there are fewer studies on integrated water-fertilizer irrigation for blueberries, especially on intelligent integrated water-fertilizer irrigation using fertilizer formulas in different growth periods of blueberries. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device and a fertilization method thereof, which can realize scientific fertilization of blueberries according to the changes in ambient temperature, in combination with the water-fertilizer integrated device, corresponding to different growth periods of blueberries, and effectively improve the yield and quality of blueberries, avoid improper nutrient ratios, and avoid the imbalance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratios that cause a decrease in yield and fruit quality, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device, comprising an infrared temperature sensor, a control terminal and a water-fertilizer integrated device; wherein the infrared temperature sensor is installed in a greenhouse, and the infrared temperature sensor is used to monitor the daily average temperature; the control terminal is electrically connected and connected with the infrared temperature sensor by signal, and the control terminal is used to receive the daily average temperature of the infrared temperature sensor, and generate a control signal when the daily average temperature reaches a temperature threshold within a continuous monitoring period; the water-fertilizer integrated device is electrically connected and connected with the control terminal by signal, and the water-fertilizer integrated device is used to receive the control signal of the control terminal to start water-fertilizer irrigation for blueberries; the feed end of the water-fertilizer integrated device is connected with a fertilizer tank and a water storage tank, and the discharge end of the water-fertilizer integrated device is connected with a plurality of drip irrigation pipes through a water-fertilizer pipeline, and the drip irrigation pipes are laid 3-10 cm to the left or right of the middle of the ridge platform, and each drip irrigation pipe is provided with a plurality of drippers, and the drippers are distributed at a distance of 10-25 cm from the blueberry plant.

[0006] Through the above technical solution, the infrared temperature sensor monitors the average daily temperature, and the control terminal can start the water-fertilizer integrated device according to the changes in ambient temperature, corresponding to the different growth periods of blueberries, to achieve scientific fertilization of blueberries, which plays a role in saving water, fertilizer and manpower for greenhouse blueberry cultivation and irrigation management.

[0007] As a further explanation of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device described in the present invention, preferably, the control terminal includes a temperature setting module, a time setting module, a temperature monitoring module and a fertilization control module; the temperature setting module is electrically connected and signal-connected to the temperature monitoring module, and the temperature setting module is used to set the temperature threshold; the time setting module is electrically connected and signal-connected to the temperature monitoring module, and the time setting module is used to set the continuous monitoring cycle value; the temperature monitoring module is electrically connected and signal-connected to the infrared temperature measurement sensor, and the temperature monitoring module is used to compare whether the average daily temperature reaches the temperature threshold, and count the monitoring cycle value when the average daily temperature reaches the temperature threshold, so as to send a control signal when the continuous monitoring cycle value is reached; the fertilization control module is electrically connected and signal-connected to the temperature monitoring module, and the fertilization control module is used to start the water-fertilizer integrated device when receiving the control signal.

[0008] As a further explanation of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device described in the present invention, preferably, the temperature monitoring module includes a comparator circuit and a counter circuit; wherein the comparator circuit is used to compare whether the daily average temperature reaches the temperature threshold, and send a pulse signal to the counter circuit when the daily average temperature reaches the temperature threshold, and send a reset signal to the counter circuit when the daily average temperature does not reach the temperature threshold; the counter circuit is used to count when receiving a pulse signal, clear the count when receiving a reset signal, and send a control signal when the count reaches the continuous monitoring period value set by the time setting module.

[0009] As a further explanation of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device described in the present invention, preferably, the fertilization control module includes a programmable controller, which is connected to a plurality of flow valves, and the plurality of flow valves are respectively connected to a fertilizer tank, a water storage tank, a drip irrigation pipe and a dripper. The programmable controller is used to set the water-fertilizer ratio and its corresponding fertilization time and fertilizer amount, and start the water-fertilizer integrated device when receiving a control signal, thereby controlling the usage of the fertilizer tank and the water storage tank, as well as the fertilization amount of each drip irrigation pipe and each dripper.

[0010] As a further description of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device of the present invention, preferably, the diameter of the drip irrigation pipe is 16±2 mm, the wall thickness of the drip irrigation pipe is 0.4±0.02 mm; the spacing between the drippers is 50±5 cm, and the flow rate of the drippers is 2±0.2 L / h.

[0011] In order to achieve another object of the present invention, the present invention also provides a blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method, using the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device to fertilize blueberry plants in a drip irrigation manner, and the fertilization method comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step S1): In the early stage of flowering, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 11-13° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 64-70% ammonium sulfate, 9-13% superphosphate and 19-25% potassium sulfate;

[0013] Step S2): In the early stage of fruit setting, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 17-19° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 72-78% ammonium sulfate, 5-9% superphosphate and 15-21% potassium sulfate;

[0014] Step S3): At the early stage of fruit production, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 20-22° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 57-63% ammonium sulfate, 12-16% superphosphate and 23-29% potassium sulfate;

[0015] Step S4): In the late fruit production period, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 25-27° C. for three consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 72-78% ammonium sulfate, 5-9% superphosphate and 15-21% potassium sulfate;

[0016] Step S5): In the early stage of flower bud differentiation, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be below 16-18° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 64-70% ammonium sulfate, 5-9% superphosphate and 23-29% potassium sulfate.

[0017] As a further illustration of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method of the present invention, preferably, in the early stage of flowering, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 67% ammonium sulfate, 11% superphosphate and 22% potassium sulfate; in the early stage of fruit setting, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 75% ammonium sulfate, 7% superphosphate and 18% potassium sulfate; in the early stage of fruit production, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 60% ammonium sulfate, 14% superphosphate and 26% potassium sulfate; in the late stage of fruit production, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 75% ammonium sulfate, 7% superphosphate and 18% potassium sulfate; in the early stage of flower bud differentiation, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 67% ammonium sulfate, 7% superphosphate and 26% potassium sulfate.

[0018] As a further description of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method of the present invention, preferably, every 667m 2 Apply 150kg of fertilizer.

[0019] As a further description of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method of the present invention, preferably, every 667m 2 4m3 of fertilizer water each time 3

[0020] As a further illustration of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method of the present invention, preferably, the N content in the ammonium sulfate is 21.2%, the P2O5 content in the superphosphate is 60.6%, and the K2O content in the potassium sulfate is 63.2%.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device of the present invention can realize scientific fertilization of blueberries according to the changes in ambient temperature, combined with the water-fertilizer integrated device, corresponding to different growth periods of blueberries, and plays a role in saving water, fertilizer and manpower for greenhouse blueberry cultivation and irrigation management.

[0023] 2. The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method of the present invention adopts different formulas to apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers according to the different nutrient requirements of blueberries at different growth and development stages, thereby scientifically fertilizing, improving the yield and quality of blueberries, and alleviating soil compaction and continuous cropping obstacles, avoiding excessive fertilization causing fertilizer loss or volatilization to cause environmental pollution, and also avoiding improper nutrient ratios. The imbalance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratios causes a decrease in yield and fruit quality, thereby achieving efficient utilization of water and fertilizers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 The present invention is a block diagram of the principle of the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to further understand the structure, features and other purposes of the present invention, the preferred embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows. The embodiments described in the drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device including an infrared temperature sensor 1, a control terminal 2 and a water-fertilizer integrated device 3; wherein the infrared temperature sensor 1 is installed in a greenhouse, and the infrared temperature sensor 1 is used to monitor the daily average temperature; the control terminal 2 is electrically connected and signal-connected to the infrared temperature sensor 1, and the control terminal 2 is used to receive the daily average temperature of the infrared temperature sensor 1, and generate a control signal when the daily average temperature reaches a temperature threshold during a continuous monitoring period; the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is electrically connected and signal-connected to the control terminal 2 The water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is used to receive the control signal of the control terminal 2 to start water-fertilizer irrigation for blueberries; the feed end of the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is connected to the fertilizer tank 4 and the water storage tank 5, and the discharge end of the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is connected to a plurality of drip irrigation pipes 6 through a water-fertilizer pipeline. The drip irrigation pipes 6 are laid 3-10 cm to the left or right of the middle of the ridge platform, preferably 5 cm, and each drip irrigation pipe 6 is provided with a plurality of drippers 7, which are distributed at a distance of 10-25 cm from the blueberry plant, thereby ensuring the fertilization effect on the blueberries and contributing to the growth of the blueberries. Preferably, the diameter of the drip irrigation pipe 6 is 16±2 mm, and the wall thickness of the drip irrigation pipe 6 is 0.4±0.02 mm; the spacing between the drippers 7 is 50±5 cm, and the flow rate of the drippers 7 is 2±0.2 L / h.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, the control terminal 2 includes a temperature setting module 21, a time setting module 22, a temperature monitoring module 23 and a fertilization control module 24; the temperature setting module 21 is electrically connected and signal-connected to the temperature monitoring module 23, the temperature setting module 21 is used to set the temperature threshold, and the temperature setting module 21 transmits the temperature threshold data to the temperature monitoring module 23; the time setting module 22 is electrically connected and signal-connected to the temperature monitoring module 23, the time setting module 22 is used to set the continuous monitoring cycle value, and the time setting module 22 transmits the continuous monitoring cycle value data to the temperature monitoring module 23; the temperature monitoring The module 23 is electrically connected and signal-connected with the infrared temperature sensor 1. The infrared temperature sensor 1 transmits the daily average temperature data to the temperature monitoring module 23. The temperature monitoring module 23 is used to compare whether the daily average temperature reaches the temperature threshold, and count the monitoring cycle value when the daily average temperature reaches the temperature threshold, so as to send a control signal when the continuous monitoring cycle value is reached; the fertilization control module 24 is electrically connected and signal-connected with the temperature monitoring module 23. The control signal of the temperature monitoring module 23 is transmitted to the fertilization control module 24. The fertilization control module 24 is used to start the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 when receiving the control signal. The water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is a water-fertilizer integrated machine sold on the market.

[0029] Furthermore, the temperature monitoring module 23 includes a comparator circuit and a counter circuit; wherein the comparator circuit is used to compare whether the daily average temperature reaches the temperature threshold, and send a pulse signal to the counter circuit when the daily average temperature reaches the temperature threshold, and send a reset signal to the counter circuit when the daily average temperature does not reach the temperature threshold; the counter circuit is used to count when receiving a pulse signal, clear the count when receiving a reset signal, and send a control signal when the count reaches the continuous monitoring period value set by the time setting module 22.

[0030] Furthermore, the fertilization control module 24 includes a programmable controller, which is connected to multiple flow valves, and the multiple flow valves are respectively connected to the fertilization tank 4, the water storage tank 5, the drip irrigation pipe 6 and the dripper 7. The programmable controller is used to set the water-fertilizer ratio and its corresponding fertilization time and fertilization amount, and start the water-fertilizer integration device 3 when receiving a control signal, thereby controlling the usage of the fertilization tank 4 and the water storage tank 5, as well as the fertilization amount of each drip irrigation pipe 6 and each dripper 7.

[0031] The present invention utilizes the above-mentioned blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device to fertilize blueberry plants in a drip irrigation manner. The amount of blueberry fertilizer is formulated according to the growth characteristics of blueberries. The fertilization formula changes according to the ambient temperature and follows the degree of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition requirements of blueberries at different growth stages to transport water and fertilizer to the roots of blueberries. To this end, a blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method is provided, and the fertilization method comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step S1): In the early stage of flowering, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 11-13° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 64-70% ammonium sulfate, 9-13% superphosphate and 19-25% potassium sulfate.

[0033] Step S2): In the early stage of fruit setting, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 17-19° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 72-78% ammonium sulfate, 5-9% superphosphate and 15-21% potassium sulfate.

[0034] Step S3): At the early stage of fruit production, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 20-22° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 57-63% ammonium sulfate, 12-16% superphosphate and 23-29% potassium sulfate.

[0035] Step S4): In the late fruiting period, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 25-27° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 72-78% ammonium sulfate, 5-9% superphosphate and 15-21% potassium sulfate.

[0036] Step S5): In the early stage of flower bud differentiation, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be below 16-18° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 64-70% ammonium sulfate, 5-9% superphosphate and 23-29% potassium sulfate.

[0037] Among them, every 667m 2 Fertilizer 150kg, after dissolving the fertilizer, 4m3 of fertilizer water is irrigated each time. The fertilizers used are ammonium sulfate (N content 21.2%), superphosphate (P2O5 content 60.6%) and potassium sulfate (K2O content 63.2%).

[0038] Example 1

[0039] The test site is the Blueberry Industrial Park in Youhao District, Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province. The soil pH is 5.38, the organic matter is 48.83g / kg, the alkaline nitrogen is 119.90mg / kg, the available phosphorus is 161.03mg / kg, and the available potassium is 24.33mg / kg.

[0040] The blueberry variety used for the test was Rika.

[0041] Install the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device, connect the infrared temperature sensor 1 and the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 to the control terminal 2, lay the drip irrigation pipe 6 5 cm to the left of the middle of the ridge, and distribute the dripper 7 102 cm away from the blueberry plant. Connect the drip irrigation pipe 6 to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3, and connect the fertilizer tank 4 filled with ammonium sulfate, superphosphate and potassium sulfate respectively and the water storage tank 5 filled with water to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3. Monitor the average daily temperature in the greenhouse through the infrared temperature sensor 1, and set the temperature threshold and continuous monitoring period in advance on the control terminal 2.

[0042] When the ambient temperature reaches the five preset temperature thresholds, the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is started, and drip irrigation is performed according to the fertilization ratio shown in Table 1. 2 Apply 150kg of fertilizer each time, dissolve the fertilizer, and then pour 4m3 of fertilizer water. 3 .

[0043] Table 1

[0044]

[0045] Determination of yield and fruit quality related indicators: The specific values ​​of yield, blueberry anthocyanin content, soluble sugar and soluble protein are shown in Table 6.

[0046] Example 2 (nitrogen fertilizer upper limit, potash fertilizer lower limit)

[0047] The test site is the Blueberry Industrial Park in Youhao District, Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province. The soil pH is 5.38, the organic matter is 48.83g / kg, the alkaline nitrogen is 119.90mg / kg, the available phosphorus is 161.03mg / kg, and the available potassium is 24.33mg / kg.

[0048] The blueberry variety used for the test was Rika.

[0049] Install the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device, connect the infrared temperature sensor 1 and the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 to the control terminal 2, lay the drip irrigation pipe 6 5 cm to the left of the middle of the ridge, and distribute the drippers 7 10 cm away from the blueberry plants. Connect the drip irrigation pipe 6 to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3, and connect the fertilizer tank 4 filled with ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate respectively and the water storage tank 5 filled with water to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3. Monitor the average daily temperature in the greenhouse through the infrared temperature sensor 1, and set the temperature threshold and continuous monitoring period in advance on the control terminal 2.

[0050] When the ambient temperature reaches the five preset temperature thresholds, the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is started, and drip irrigation is performed according to the fertilization ratio shown in Table 2. 2 Apply 150kg of fertilizer each time, dissolve the fertilizer, and then pour 4m3 of fertilizer water. 3 .

[0051] Table 2

[0052]

[0053] Determination of yield and fruit quality related indicators: The specific values ​​of yield, blueberry anthocyanin content, soluble sugar and soluble protein are shown in Table 6.

[0054] Example 3 (nitrogen fertilizer lower limit, potash fertilizer upper limit)

[0055] The test site is the Blueberry Industrial Park in Youhao District, Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province. The soil pH is 5.38, the organic matter is 48.83g / kg, the alkaline nitrogen is 119.90mg / kg, the available phosphorus is 161.03mg / kg, and the available potassium is 24.33mg / kg.

[0056] The blueberry variety used for the test was Rika.

[0057] Install the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device, connect the infrared temperature sensor 1 and the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 to the control terminal 2, lay the drip irrigation pipe 6 5 cm to the left of the middle of the ridge, and distribute the drippers 7 10 cm away from the blueberry plants. Connect the drip irrigation pipe 6 to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3, and connect the fertilizer tank 4 filled with ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate respectively and the water storage tank 5 filled with water to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3. Monitor the average daily temperature in the greenhouse through the infrared temperature sensor 1, and set the temperature threshold and continuous monitoring period in advance on the control terminal 2.

[0058] When the ambient temperature reaches the five preset temperature thresholds, the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is started, and drip irrigation is performed according to the fertilization ratio shown in Table 3. 2 Apply 150kg of fertilizer each time, dissolve the fertilizer, and then pour 4m3 of fertilizer water. 3 .

[0059] Table 3

[0060]

[0061] Determination of yield and fruit quality related indicators: The specific values ​​of yield, blueberry anthocyanin content, soluble sugar and soluble protein are shown in Table 6.

[0062] Embodiment 4 (phosphate fertilizer lower limit)

[0063] The test site is the Blueberry Industrial Park in Youhao District, Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province. The soil pH is 5.38, the organic matter is 48.83g / kg, the alkaline nitrogen is 119.90mg / kg, the available phosphorus is 161.03mg / kg, and the available potassium is 24.33mg / kg.

[0064] The blueberry variety used for the test was Rika.

[0065] Install the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device, connect the infrared temperature sensor 1 and the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 to the control terminal 2, lay the drip irrigation pipe 6 5 cm to the left of the middle of the ridge, and distribute the drippers 7 10 cm away from the blueberry plants. Connect the drip irrigation pipe 6 to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3, and connect the fertilizer tank 4 filled with ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate respectively and the water storage tank 5 filled with water to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3. Monitor the average daily temperature in the greenhouse through the infrared temperature sensor 1, and set the temperature threshold and continuous monitoring period in advance on the control terminal 2.

[0066] When the ambient temperature reaches the five preset temperature thresholds, the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is started, and drip irrigation is performed according to the fertilization ratio shown in Table 4. 2 Apply 150kg of fertilizer each time, dissolve the fertilizer, and then pour 4m3 of fertilizer water. 3 .

[0067] Table 4

[0068]

[0069] Determination of yield and fruit quality related indicators: The specific values ​​of yield, blueberry anthocyanin content, soluble sugar and soluble protein are shown in Table 6.

[0070] Example 5 (upper limit of phosphate fertilizer)

[0071] The test site is the Blueberry Industrial Park in Youhao District, Yichun City, Heilongjiang Province. The soil pH is 5.38, the organic matter is 48.83g / kg, the alkaline nitrogen is 119.90mg / kg, the available phosphorus is 161.03mg / kg, and the available potassium is 24.33mg / kg.

[0072] The blueberry variety used for the test was Rika.

[0073] Install the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device, connect the infrared temperature sensor 1 and the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 to the control terminal 2, lay the drip irrigation pipe 6 5 cm to the left of the middle of the ridge, and distribute the drippers 7 10 cm away from the blueberry plants. Connect the drip irrigation pipe 6 to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3, and connect the fertilizer tank 4 filled with ammonium sulfate, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate respectively and the water storage tank 5 filled with water to the water-fertilizer integrated device 3. Monitor the average daily temperature in the greenhouse through the infrared temperature sensor 1, and set the temperature threshold and continuous monitoring period in advance on the control terminal 2.

[0074] When the ambient temperature reaches the five preset temperature thresholds, the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is started, and drip irrigation is performed according to the fertilization ratio shown in Table 5. 2 Apply 150kg of fertilizer each time, dissolve the fertilizer, and then pour 4m3 of fertilizer water. 3 .

[0075] Table 5

[0076]

[0077] Determination of yield and fruit quality related indicators: The specific values ​​of yield, blueberry anthocyanin content, soluble sugar and soluble protein are shown in Table 6.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] The difference from Example 1 to Example 5 is that no fertilizer is applied. The specific values ​​of the yield, blueberry anthocyanin content, soluble sugar, and soluble protein are shown in Table 6.

[0080] Comparative Example 2

[0081] The difference from Example 1 to Example 5 is that when the average daily temperature in the greenhouse monitored by the infrared temperature sensor 1 is above 11-13°C, above 17-19°C, above 20-22°C, above 25-27°C, and below 17-19°C for three consecutive days, the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is started, and the fertilizer is dissolved and drip-irrigated according to the fertilization ratio of 78% ammonium sulfate, 7% superphosphate, and 15% potassium sulfate. The specific values ​​of the yield, blueberry anthocyanin content, soluble sugar, and soluble protein are shown in Table 6.

[0082] Comparative Example 3

[0083] The difference from Example 1 to Example 5 is that when the infrared temperature sensor 1 monitors the average daily temperature in the greenhouse at 11-13°C, 17-19°C, 20-22°C, 25-27°C, and 17-19°C for three consecutive days, the water-fertilizer integrated device 3 is started, and the fertilizer is dissolved and drip-irrigated according to the fertilization ratio of 58% ammonium sulfate, 19% superphosphate, and 26% potassium sulfate. The specific values ​​of the yield, blueberry anthocyanin content, soluble sugar, and soluble protein are shown in Table 6.

[0084] Table 6

[0085]

[0086] The data in Table 6 show that: comprehensive evaluation of blueberry yield and quality indicators shows that the quality indicators and yield of blueberries in the embodiment are higher than those in the control example. Therefore, the blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method of the present invention achieves the purpose of improving the yield and quality of blueberries. Among them, the fertilization ratio in Example 1 has a significant effect on the quality and yield of blueberries.

[0087] In the embodiment, the average daily temperature is above 11-13°C, which is the early stage of flowering. It is necessary to apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in a balanced manner to enhance the growth of new branches before budding, promote luxuriant branches and leaves, and reduce diseases and insect pests; the average daily temperature is above 17-19°C, which is the early stage of fruit setting, and the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer is increased to improve the fruit setting rate; the average daily temperature is above 20-22°C, which is the early stage of fruit production, and more phosphorus fertilizer is applied to increase yield and sugar content, and potassium fertilizer is used in combination to promote photosynthesis, while less nitrogen fertilizer can be applied to avoid excessive tree vigor; the average daily temperature is above 25-27°C, which is the late stage of fruit production, and nitrogen fertilizer is increased, the application amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is reduced, and the intake of nitrogen elements is supplemented; the average daily temperature is below 16-18°C, which is the early stage of flower bud differentiation, and topdressing potassium fertilizer can maximize the root growth, promote the continued differentiation and fullness of flower buds, and is conducive to the increase of winter storage nutrients.

[0088] It should be noted that the above invention content and specific implementation methods are intended to demonstrate the practical application of the technical solution provided by the present invention and should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements within the spirit and principles of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method, characterized in that: The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device is used to fertilize the blueberry plants by drip irrigation; The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization device comprises an infrared temperature measurement sensor (1), a control terminal (2) and a water-fertilizer integrated device (3); wherein: The infrared temperature sensor (1) is installed in the greenhouse, and the infrared temperature sensor (1) is used to monitor the daily average temperature; The control terminal (2) is electrically and signal-connected to the infrared temperature sensor (1), and the control terminal (2) is used to receive the daily average temperature of the infrared temperature sensor (1), and to generate a control signal when the daily average temperature reaches a temperature threshold during a continuous monitoring period; The water-fertilizer integrated device (3) is electrically connected and signal-connected to the control terminal (2), and the water-fertilizer integrated device (3) is used to receive a control signal from the control terminal (2) to start water-fertilizer irrigation for blueberries; The feed end of the water-fertilizer integrated device (3) is connected to a fertilizer tank (4) and a water storage tank (5); the discharge end of the water-fertilizer integrated device (3) is connected to a plurality of drip irrigation pipes (6) through a water-fertilizer pipeline; the drip irrigation pipes (6) are laid 3-10 cm to the left or right of the middle of the ridge platform; each drip irrigation pipe (6) is provided with a plurality of drippers (7); and the drippers (7) are distributed at a distance of 10-25 cm from the blueberry plants; The control terminal (2) comprises a temperature setting module (21), a time setting module (22), a temperature monitoring module (23) and a fertilization control module (24); The temperature setting module (21) is electrically and signal-connected to the temperature monitoring module (23), and the temperature setting module (21) is used to set a temperature threshold; The time setting module (22) is electrically connected and signal-connected to the temperature monitoring module (23), and the time setting module (22) is used to set a continuous monitoring cycle value; The temperature monitoring module (23) is electrically connected and signal-connected to the infrared temperature sensor (1). The temperature monitoring module (23) is used to compare whether the daily average temperature reaches a temperature threshold, and count the monitoring cycle value when the daily average temperature reaches the temperature threshold, so as to send a control signal when a continuous monitoring cycle value is reached; The fertilization control module (24) is electrically connected and signal-connected to the temperature monitoring module (23). The fertilization control module (24) is used to start the water-fertilizer integrated device (3) when receiving a control signal. The fertilization control module (24) includes a programmable controller, which is connected to a plurality of flow valves, which are respectively connected to a fertilization tank (4), a water storage tank (5), a drip irrigation pipe (6) and a dripper (7). The programmable controller is used to set a water-fertilizer ratio and a corresponding fertilization time and amount, and start the water-fertilizer integrated device (3) when receiving a control signal, thereby controlling the usage of the fertilization tank (4) and the water storage tank (5), as well as the fertilization amount of each drip irrigation pipe (6) and each dripper (7). The fertilization method comprises the following steps: Step S1): In the early stage of flowering, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 11-13° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 64-70% ammonium sulfate, 9-13% superphosphate and 19-25% potassium sulfate; Step S2): In the early stage of fruit setting, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 17-19° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 72-78% ammonium sulfate, 5-9% superphosphate and 15-21% potassium sulfate; Step S3): At the early stage of fruit production, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 20-22° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 57-63% ammonium sulfate, 12-16% superphosphate and 23-29% potassium sulfate; Step S4): In the late fruit production period, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be above 25-27° C. for three consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 72-78% ammonium sulfate, 5-9% superphosphate and 15-21% potassium sulfate; Step S5): In the early stage of flower bud differentiation, when the average daily temperature is monitored to be below 16-18° C. for 3 consecutive days, fertilization is performed with a ratio of 64-70% ammonium sulfate, 5-9% superphosphate and 23-29% potassium sulfate.

2. The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring module (23) comprises a comparator circuit and a counter circuit; wherein, The comparator circuit is used to compare whether the daily average temperature reaches the temperature threshold, and send a pulse signal to the counter circuit when the daily average temperature reaches the temperature threshold, and send a reset signal to the counter circuit when the daily average temperature does not reach the temperature threshold; The counter circuit is used for counting when a pulse signal is received, clearing the count when a reset signal is received, and sending a control signal when the count reaches a continuous monitoring cycle value set by a time setting module (22).

3. The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the drip irrigation pipe (6) is 16±2 mm, and the wall thickness of the drip irrigation pipe (6) is 0.4±0.02 mm; the spacing between the drippers (7) is 50±5 cm, and the flow rate of the drippers (7) is 2±0.2 L / h.

4. The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the early stage of flowering, fertilize with a ratio of 67% ammonium sulfate, 11% superphosphate and 22% potassium sulfate; in the early stage of fruit setting, fertilize with a ratio of 75% ammonium sulfate, 7% superphosphate and 18% potassium sulfate; in the early stage of fruit production, fertilize with a ratio of 60% ammonium sulfate, 14% superphosphate and 26% potassium sulfate; in the late stage of fruit production, fertilize with a ratio of 75% ammonium sulfate, 7% superphosphate and 18% potassium sulfate; In the early stage of flower bud differentiation, fertilizer is applied with a ratio of 67% ammonium sulfate, 7% superphosphate and 26% potassium sulfate.

5. The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: Every 667m 2 Apply 150kg of fertilizer.

6. The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: Every 667m 2 4m3 of fertilizer water each time 3 .

7. The blueberry water-fertilizer integrated fertilization method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The ammonium sulfate has a N content of 21.2%, the superphosphate has a P2O5 content of 60.6%, and the potassium sulfate has a K2O content of 63.2%.

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