Multi-way control valve, hydraulic system and engineering machinery

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-way control valve, a hydraulic system and an engineering machine, wherein the multi-way control valve comprises: a valve body; a control valve core, which is movably arranged in the valve body, and is provided with a first oil groove and a second oil groove, and the first oil groove and the second oil groove are respectively suitable for oil inlet and oil return; a priority valve core, which is movably arranged in the valve body, and is provided with a third oil groove, and the third oil groove is connected with the first oil groove through a first flow channel; a bypass valve core, which is movably arranged in the valve body, and is provided with a fourth oil groove, and the two ends of the fourth oil groove are respectively connected with the third oil groove and the second oil groove through a second flow channel and a third flow channel. The above structure makes it unnecessary to set a mid-position bypass on the control valve core, thereby effectively reducing the length of the control valve core, improving the high-pressure deformation resistance and installation deformation resistance of the control valve core, and also reducing the machining accuracy of the channel position in the valve body and the machining accuracy requirements of the valve core hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic control elements, and in particular to a multi-way control valve, a hydraulic system and engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] At present, most construction machinery transmissions are driven by hydraulics. Among them, hydraulic excavators achieve excavation and unloading through single or compound actions of boom, dipper, bucket and rotation. The variable hydraulic pump driven by the engine provides pressure oil to each valve core in the main valve. Each valve core has a corresponding working oil port connected to each actuator. The multi-way control valve switches the main valve core left and right according to the output signal of the pilot pump, and at the same time changes the flow rate discharged by the variable hydraulic pump, provides pressure oil to each actuator and makes the actuator move, and at the same time the return oil of the actuator is discharged to the oil tank.

[0003] The multi-way control valve in the prior art includes a valve body and a valve core arranged in the valve body, and the valve core includes an oil inlet groove, an oil return groove and a mid-position bypass. The above structure results in a relatively long valve core (the length to diameter ratio L / D is above 8.8). The relatively long valve core will result in poor resistance to high-pressure deformation and installation deformation of the valve core, and at the same time, the machining accuracy of the channel position in the valve body and the machining accuracy of the valve core hole are required to be relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the multi-way valve in the prior art, which has poor resistance to high-pressure deformation and installation deformation, and at the same time requires high processing accuracy of the channel position in the valve body and the valve core hole processing accuracy, thereby providing a multi-way control valve, hydraulic system and engineering machinery.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a multi-way control valve, including: a valve body; a control valve core, which is movably arranged in the valve body, and the control valve core is provided with a first oil groove and a second oil groove, and the first oil groove and the second oil groove are respectively suitable for oil inlet and oil return; a priority valve core, which is movably arranged in the valve body, and the priority valve core is provided with a third oil groove, and the third oil groove is connected with the first oil groove through a first flow channel, and the priority valve core is suitable for controlling the oil inlet pressure of the control valve core; a bypass valve core, which is movably arranged in the valve body, and the bypass valve core is provided with a fourth oil groove, one end of the fourth oil groove is connected with the third oil groove through the second flow channel, and the other end of the fourth oil groove is connected with the second oil groove through the third flow channel.

[0006] Optionally, the control valve core, the priority valve core and the bypass valve core are arranged in parallel.

[0007] Optionally, a ratio of the length to the diameter of the control valve core is in the range of 5 to 7.

[0008] Optionally, the multi-way control valve further comprises a one-way valve core, which is movably arranged in the valve body, cooperates with the first flow channel, and is suitable for allowing the hydraulic oil to flow from the priority valve core to the control valve core in one direction.

[0009] Optionally, the one-way valve core, the control valve core, the priority valve core and the bypass valve core are arranged in parallel.

[0010] Optionally, there are multiple control valve cores arranged in parallel, and there are multiple priority valve cores arranged in parallel, one priority valve core and one control valve core are connected correspondingly, and the multiple control valve cores are suitable for connecting to different actuators.

[0011] Optionally, the third oil groove of each priority valve core is connected to the second flow channel through a corresponding first branch flow channel.

[0012] Optionally, the second oil groove of each control valve core is connected to the third flow channel through a corresponding second branch flow channel.

[0013] The present invention also provides a hydraulic system, comprising the above-mentioned multi-way control valve.

[0014] The present invention further provides an engineering machine, comprising the multi-way control valve mentioned above; or, comprising the hydraulic system mentioned above.

[0015] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] By utilizing the technical solution of the present invention, a bypass valve core is separately provided in the valve body, thereby enabling the bypass valve core to form an independent bypass structure. The above structure eliminates the need to provide a mid-position bypass on the control valve core, thereby effectively reducing the length of the control valve core, improving the control valve core's resistance to high-pressure deformation and installation deformation, and also reducing the requirements for the machining accuracy of the channel position in the valve body and the machining accuracy of the valve core hole. Therefore, the technical solution of the present invention solves the defects of the prior art that the multi-way valve has poor resistance to high-pressure deformation and installation deformation, and at the same time, requires high machining accuracy of the channel position in the valve body and the machining accuracy of the valve core hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the multi-way control valve of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1Schematic diagram of one unit of a multi-way control valve; and

[0020] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a unit of a multi-way control valve.

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 10. Valve body; 20. Control valve core; 21. First oil groove; 22. Second oil groove; 30. Priority valve core; 31. Third oil groove; 40. First flow channel; 50. Bypass valve core; 51. Fourth oil groove; 60. Second flow channel; 70. Third flow channel; 80. Check valve core; 90. First branch flow channel; 100. Second branch flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a multi-way control valve of this embodiment includes a valve body 10, a control valve core 20, a priority valve core 30 and a bypass valve core 50. The control valve core 20 is movably arranged in the valve body 10, and a first oil groove 21 and a second oil groove 22 are arranged on the control valve core 20, and the first oil groove 21 and the second oil groove 22 are respectively suitable for oil inlet and oil return. The priority valve core 30 is movably arranged in the valve body 10, and a third oil groove 31 is arranged on the priority valve core 30, and the third oil groove 31 is connected to the first oil groove 21 through the first flow channel 40. The priority valve core 30 is suitable for controlling the oil inlet amount of the control valve core 20. The bypass valve core 50 is movably arranged in the valve body 10, and a fourth oil groove 51 is arranged on the bypass valve core 50, and the two ends of the fourth oil groove 51 are respectively connected to the third oil groove 31 and the second oil groove 22 through the second flow channel 60 and the third flow channel 70.

[0028] By using the technical solution of this embodiment, a bypass valve core 50 is separately provided in the valve body 10, so that the bypass valve core 50 forms an independent bypass structure. The above structure makes it unnecessary to provide a mid-position bypass on the control valve core 20, thereby effectively reducing the length of the control valve core 20, improving the resistance to high-pressure deformation and installation deformation of the control valve core 20, and also reducing the machining accuracy of the channel position in the valve body 10 and the machining accuracy requirements of the valve core hole. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment solves the defects of the prior art that the multi-way valve has poor resistance to high-pressure deformation and installation deformation, and at the same time, requires high machining accuracy of the channel position in the valve body and the machining accuracy of the valve core hole.

[0029] It should be noted that the first flow channel 40 , the second flow channel 60 and the third flow channel 70 are all channel structures formed in the valve body 10 .

[0030] It should be noted that the control valve core 20 in this embodiment is used to connect with the oil cylinder of the actuator. Further, the first oil groove 21 and the second oil groove 22 are connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the oil cylinder respectively. The hydraulic oil can flow from the first oil groove 21 into the oil cylinder, and at the same time, the return oil of the oil cylinder flows back to the oil tank through the second oil groove 22. Those skilled in the art can understand that by changing the position of the control valve core 20 in the valve body 10, the extension and retraction of the oil cylinder can be controlled.

[0031] It should be noted that the priority valve core 30 is suitable for adjusting the oil inlet pressure of the control valve core 20. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Those skilled in the art will appreciate that by adjusting the position of the priority valve core 30 in the valve body 10 , the flow area of ​​the first flow channel 40 can be changed, thereby adjusting the oil inlet pressure of the control valve core 20 and achieving the effect of preferential distribution of hydraulic oil.

[0032] It should be noted that the bypass valve core 50 is used to control whether the hydraulic oil enters the priority valve core 30 and has a throttling effect on the oil inlet. Figure 1 Those skilled in the art can understand that the bypass valve core 50 has a connecting position, a shutoff position and a throttling position when it moves in the valve body 10. When the bypass valve core 50 is in the connecting position, the second flow channel 60 and the third flow channel 70 are connected, and the incoming oil flows directly back to the oil tank through the bypass valve core 50. When the bypass valve core 50 is in the shutoff position, the second flow channel 60 and the third flow channel 70 are cut off, and the incoming oil enters the priority valve core 30 and then enters the control valve core 20. When the bypass valve core 50 is in the throttling position, part of the incoming oil enters the priority valve core 30 and then enters the control valve core 20, and the rest flows back to the oil tank through the bypass valve core 50, thereby achieving a throttling effect.

[0033] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 Those skilled in the art can understand that the sides of the control valve core 20 , the priority valve core 30 and the bypass valve core 50 are provided with return springs and electromagnetic proportional valves, so as to realize the gear position control of the above three valve cores.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the control valve core 20, the priority valve core 30 and the bypass valve core 50 are arranged in parallel.

[0035] Preferably, in this embodiment, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the control valve core 20 is in the range of 5 to 7. Specifically, since the control valve core 20 is no longer provided with a mid-position bypass, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the control valve core 20 can be made as small as possible, thereby improving the high-pressure deformation resistance and installation deformation resistance of the control valve core 20, and also reducing the machining accuracy requirements of the channel position in the valve body 10 and the machining accuracy requirements of the valve core hole.

[0036] The specific value of the ratio between the length and the diameter of the control valve core 20 can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the multi-way control valve also includes a one-way valve core 80, which is movably arranged in the valve body 10, and the one-way valve core 80 cooperates with the first flow channel 40, and is suitable for allowing the hydraulic oil to flow from the priority valve core 30 to the control valve core 20 in one direction. Specifically, the one-way valve core 80 allows the hydraulic oil to flow from the priority valve core 30 to the control valve core 20 in one direction, and prevents the hydraulic oil from flowing back. Further, a return spring is arranged between the end surface of the one-way valve core 80 and the valve body 10.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the one-way valve core 80, the control valve core 20, the priority valve core 30 and the bypass valve core 50 are arranged in parallel.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the control valve core 20 and the priority valve core 30 are multiple and arranged in parallel, and the multiple control valve cores 20 are suitable for connecting with different actuators, and the multiple control valve cores 20 and the multiple priority valve cores 30 are connected one by one. Specifically, the multiple control valve cores 20 are arranged in parallel, and the first oil groove 21 of each control valve core 20 is connected to a priority valve core 30 through the first flow channel 40. In this embodiment, three control valve cores 20 are provided, and the three control valve cores 20 are respectively used to connect with the boom cylinder, the dipper rod cylinder and the rotary motor. Of course, the specific number of the control valve cores 20 can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and the control valve core 20 can be used to connect with the drive cylinders of various actuators.

[0040] Preferably, the three control valve cores 20 in this embodiment are arranged in parallel.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the third oil grooves 31 of the plurality of priority valve cores 30 are connected to the second flow channel 60 through the first branch flow channel 90. That is, in this embodiment, the oil inlets of the plurality of control valve cores 20 are arranged in parallel. At the same time, by adjusting the positions of the different priority valve cores 30 in the valve body 10, the plurality of control valve cores 20 can be adjusted to have different oil inlet pressures, thereby achieving the technical effect of hydraulic oil priority distribution.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the second oil grooves 22 of the plurality of control valve cores 20 are connected to the third flow channel 70 through the second branch flow channel 100. That is, the bypass valve core 50 can control the oil inlet of the plurality of control valve cores 20.

[0043] It should be noted that the first branch flow channel 90 and the second branch flow channel 100 are both channel structures formed in the valve body 10 .

[0044] This embodiment also provides a hydraulic system, including the above-mentioned multi-way control valve.

[0045] This embodiment also provides an engineering machine, including the above-mentioned multi-way control valve; or, including the above-mentioned hydraulic system.

[0046] According to the above description, this patent application has the following advantages:

[0047] 1. It provides a new hydraulic valve structure and principle, and its reasonable configuration simplifies the passage. The ratio of the length and diameter of the valve core and valve hole is greatly reduced, which greatly improves the reliability and operability;

[0048] 2. The problem of reduced operating performance and fluctuation in the applicability of electronic control due to deformation of the high-pressure reversing valve body has been solved.

[0049] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-way control valve, characterized in that: include: Valve body (10); A control valve core (20) is movably arranged in the valve body (10), and a first oil groove (21) and a second oil groove (22) are arranged on the control valve core (20), wherein the first oil groove (21) and the second oil groove (22) are respectively suitable for oil inlet and oil return; a priority valve core (30) movably disposed in the valve body (10); a third oil groove (31) is disposed on the priority valve core (30); the third oil groove (31) is connected to the first oil groove (21) via a first flow channel (40); the priority valve core (30) is suitable for controlling the oil inlet pressure of the control valve core (20); a bypass valve core (50) movably disposed in the valve body (10); a fourth oil groove (51) is disposed on the bypass valve core (50); one end of the fourth oil groove (51) is communicated with the third oil groove (31) via a second flow channel (60); and the other end of the fourth oil groove (51) is communicated with the second oil groove (22) via a third flow channel (70); The control valve core (20), the priority valve core (30) and the bypass valve core (50) are arranged in parallel; The ratio of the length to the diameter of the control valve core (20) is in the range of 5 to 7; The control valve cores (20) are multiple and arranged in parallel, the priority valve cores (30) are multiple, one priority valve core (30) and one control valve core (20) are correspondingly connected, and the multiple control valve cores (20) are suitable for connecting to different actuators; The third oil groove (31) of each priority valve core (30) is connected to the second flow channel (60) via a corresponding first branch flow channel (90); The second oil groove (22) of each control valve core (20) is connected to the third flow channel (70) via a corresponding second branch flow channel (100).

2. The multi-way control valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-way control valve further comprises a one-way valve core (80), the one-way valve core (80) being movably arranged in the valve body (10), the one-way valve core (80) cooperating with the first flow channel (40) and being suitable for allowing hydraulic oil to flow from the priority valve core (30) to the control valve core (20) in one direction.

3. The multi-way control valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The one-way valve core (80), the control valve core (20), the priority valve core (30) and the bypass valve core (50) are arranged in parallel.

4. A hydraulic system, characterized in that: It comprises the multi-way control valve as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. An engineering machine, characterized in that: It comprises the multi-way control valve as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3; or, it comprises the hydraulic system as claimed in claim 4.

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