High voltage distribution box and electric vehicle

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage distribution boxes for new energy electric vehicles, and relates to a high-voltage distribution box, a high-voltage distribution box, and an electric vehicle, comprising an upper cover, a box body, a pad, and a main drive power supply circuit, wherein the main drive power supply circuit comprises a first main drive relay, a second main drive relay, a first pre-charge resistor, a first fuse, a first main drive copper bar, and a second main drive copper bar, wherein the first main drive relay is connected to the first positive copper bar and connected to the first main drive copper bar, the first end of the first fuse is connected to the first main drive copper bar, and the second main drive copper bar is connected to the positive electrode interface of the main drive power supply and the second end of the first fuse; the second main drive relay is connected to the second positive copper bar and the first end of the first pre-charge resistor, and the second end of the first pre-charge resistor is connected to the first end of the first fuse. The high-voltage distribution box of the present application uses fuses, relays, and pre-charge resistors at the same time, and the pre-charge resistors can prevent excessive short-circuit currents from damaging high-voltage electrical components, and are convenient for maintenance, with high economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage distribution boxes for new energy electric vehicles, and relates to a high-voltage distribution box and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] PDU (high voltage distribution box) is a device that integrates high and low voltage connector interfaces, copper busbars, high voltage fuses, high voltage contactors and other components. PDU is divided into two types, one with pre-charging function and the other without pre-charging function. PDU adopts a centralized power distribution solution with compact structure design, convenient wiring layout, and convenient and fast maintenance. According to the system architecture requirements of different customers, the high voltage distribution box also needs to integrate some battery management systems and intelligent control management units, so as to further simplify the complexity of power distribution of the vehicle system architecture.

[0003] Most of the existing high-voltage distribution boxes do not use fuses, relays and pre-charge resistors at the same time. Once a fault occurs, the entire machine needs to be replaced, which has low economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a high-voltage distribution box in view of the problem that most of the existing high-voltage distribution boxes do not use fuses, relays and pre-charging resistors at the same time, and once a fault occurs, the whole machine needs to be replaced, which has low economic benefits.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, the present invention provides a high-voltage distribution box. The high-voltage distribution box includes

[0006] An upper cover, a box body, a pad and a main drive power supply circuit, wherein the pad is installed in the box body, the upper cover is installed on the opening of the box body, and the main drive power supply circuit is arranged on the pad and located in the box body;

[0007] A plurality of positive power supply interfaces and a plurality of negative power supply interfaces are arranged on the first side wall of the box body, a first positive copper bar is arranged in the box body, and the plurality of positive power supply interfaces are all connected to the first positive copper bar, a first negative copper bar is arranged in the box body, and the plurality of negative power supply interfaces are all connected to the first negative copper bar;

[0008] A main drive power supply positive electrode interface and a main drive power supply negative electrode interface are arranged on the first side wall of the box body, a second positive copper bar is arranged in the box body, the second positive copper bar is overlapped with the first positive copper bar, the main drive power supply circuit comprises a first main drive relay, a second main drive relay, a first pre-charging resistor, a first fuse, a first main drive copper bar and a second main drive copper bar, the first main drive relay is connected to the first positive copper bar and connected to the first main drive copper bar, the first end of the first fuse is connected to the first main drive copper bar, and the second main drive copper bar is connected to the main drive power supply positive electrode interface and the second end of the first fuse;

[0009] The second main drive relay connects the second positive copper busbar and the first end of the first pre-charging resistor, and the second end of the first pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the first fuse.

[0010] Optionally, the high-voltage distribution box further includes a ventilation valve, which is disposed on one of the side walls of the box body that is different from the first side wall, and is used to discharge the increased gas in the box body.

[0011] Optionally, an auxiliary power supply positive electrode interface and an auxiliary power supply negative electrode interface are provided on the first side wall of the box body, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes an auxiliary power supply circuit, and the auxiliary power supply circuit includes a first auxiliary copper bar, a second auxiliary copper bar, a second fuse, a first auxiliary relay, a second auxiliary relay and a second pre-charging resistor, the first auxiliary relay connects the first positive copper bar and the first auxiliary copper bar, the first end of the second fuse is connected to the first auxiliary copper bar, and the second auxiliary copper bar connects the auxiliary power supply positive electrode interface and the second end of the second fuse;

[0012] The second auxiliary relay is connected to the second positive copper busbar and the first end of the second pre-charging resistor, and the second end of the second pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the second fuse.

[0013] Optionally, a second negative copper bar is provided in the box, a first end of the second negative copper bar is connected to the negative electrode interface of the main drive power supply, and a second end of the second negative copper bar is connected to the negative electrode interface of the auxiliary power supply and overlapped with the first negative copper bar.

[0014] Optionally, a three-in-one positive electrode interface and a three-in-one negative electrode interface are provided on the first side wall of the box body, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes a three-in-one power supply circuit, and the three-in-one power supply circuit includes a first copper bar, a second copper bar, a third fuse, a first relay, a second relay and a third pre-charging resistor, the first relay connects the second positive copper bar and the first copper bar, the first copper bar is connected to the first end of the third fuse, and the second copper bar is connected to the three-in-one positive electrode interface and the second end of the third fuse;

[0015] The second relay connects the second positive copper busbar and the first end of the third pre-charging resistor, and the second end of the third pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the third fuse.

[0016] Optionally, the three-in-one power supply circuit further includes a third negative copper bar, and the third negative copper bar connects the first negative copper bar and the three-in-one negative electrode interface.

[0017] Optionally, an air-conditioning interface is provided on the first side wall of the box body, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes an air-conditioning power supply circuit, the air-conditioning power supply circuit includes an air-conditioning relay, an air-conditioning copper busbar and a fourth fuse, the first end of the air-conditioning relay is connected to the second positive copper busbar, the air-conditioning copper busbar is connected between the second end of the air-conditioning relay and the first end of the fourth fuse, the positive pole of the air-conditioning interface is connected to the second end of the fourth fuse; the negative pole of the air-conditioning interface is connected to the first negative copper busbar.

[0018] Optionally, a PTC interface is provided on the first side wall of the box body, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes a PTC power supply circuit, the PTC power supply circuit includes a PTC relay, a PTC copper busbar and a fifth fuse, the first end of the PTC relay is connected to the second positive copper busbar, the PTC copper busbar is connected between the second end of the PTC relay and the first end of the fifth fuse, the positive pole of the PTC interface is connected to the second end of the fifth fuse; the negative pole of the PTC interface is connected to the first negative copper busbar.

[0019] Optionally, a PCB control board for controlling the operation of the circuit in the high-voltage distribution box is provided on the inner side wall of the box body;

[0020] A silicone waterproof ring is also provided between the upper cover and the box body, and the upper cover presses the silicone waterproof ring onto the box body so that a sealed space is formed between the upper cover and the inner side of the box body.

[0021] In the high-voltage distribution box provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the main drive power supply circuit is arranged on the pad and is located in the box; the first main drive relay is connected to the first positive copper bar and connected to the first main drive copper bar, the first end of the first fuse is connected to the first main drive copper bar, and the second main drive copper bar is connected to the main drive power supply positive electrode interface and the second end of the first fuse; the second main drive relay is connected to the second positive copper bar and the first end of the first pre-charging resistor, and the second end of the first pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the first fuse. In this way, the main drive power supply circuit uses fuses, relays and pre-charging resistors at the same time. The pre-charging resistors can prevent excessive short-circuit currents from damaging high-voltage electrical components, and are convenient for maintenance, with high economic benefits.

[0022] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned high-voltage distribution box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a top view of a high-voltage distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a front view of a high-voltage distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is an exploded view of a high-voltage distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram of a high voltage distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention

[0028] Figure 6 It is an overall schematic diagram of a high-voltage distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a high-voltage distribution box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

[0031] 1000, first positive copper bar; 2000, first negative copper bar; 3000, second positive copper bar; 4000, second negative copper bar;

[0032] 1. Upper cover; 2. Box; 201. Power positive interface; 202. Power negative interface; 203. Main drive power positive interface; 204. Main drive power negative interface; 205. Auxiliary power positive interface; 206. Auxiliary power negative interface; 207. Three-in-one positive interface; 208. Three-in-one negative interface; 209. Air conditioning interface; 300. PTC interface; 301. Low voltage communication interface;

[0033] 3. Pad; 31. Insulation isolation column; 4. Silicone waterproof ring; 5. Breathable valve; 6. PCB control board;

[0034] 60. First main drive relay; 61. Second main drive relay; 62. First pre-charging resistor; 63. First fuse; 64. First main drive copper busbar; 65. Second main drive copper busbar;

[0035] 70. first auxiliary copper bar; 71. second auxiliary copper bar; 72. second fuse; 73. first auxiliary relay; 74. second auxiliary relay; 75. second pre-charging resistor;

[0036] 80, first copper bar; 81, second copper bar; 82, third fuse; 83, first relay; 84, second relay; 85, third pre-charging resistor; 86, third negative copper bar;

[0037] 90. Air conditioning relay; 91. Air conditioning copper bar; 92. The fourth fuse;

[0038] 100. PTC relay; 101. PTC copper busbar; 102. Fifth fuse. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the high-voltage distribution box provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes an upper cover 1, a box body 2, a pad 3 and a main drive power supply circuit. The pad 3 is installed in the box body 2, the upper cover 1 is covered and installed at the opening of the box body 2, and the main drive power supply circuit is arranged on the pad 3 and located in the box body 2.

[0041] A plurality of positive power supply interfaces 201 and a plurality of negative power supply interfaces 202 are arranged on the first side wall of the box body 2, a first positive copper busbar 1000 is arranged in the box body 2, and the plurality of positive power supply interfaces 201 are all connected to the first positive copper busbar 1000, a first negative copper busbar 2000 is arranged in the box body 2, and the plurality of negative power supply interfaces 202 are all connected to the first negative copper busbar 2000.

[0042] A main drive power positive electrode interface 203 and a main drive power negative electrode interface 204 are provided on the first side wall of the box 2, and a second positive copper bar 3000 is provided in the box 2, and the second positive copper bar 3000 is overlapped with the first positive copper bar 1000, and the main drive power supply circuit includes a first main drive relay 60, a second main drive relay 61, a first pre-charging resistor 62, a first fuse 63, a first main drive copper bar 64 and a second main drive copper bar 65, the first main drive relay 60 is connected to the first positive copper bar 1000 and connected to the first main drive copper bar 64, the first end of the first fuse 63 is connected to the first main drive copper bar 64, and the second main drive copper bar 65 is connected to the main drive power positive electrode interface 203 and the second end of the first fuse 63.

[0043] The second main drive relay 61 connects the second positive copper busbar 3000 and a first end of the first pre-charging resistor 62 , and a second end of the first pre-charging resistor 62 is connected to a first end of the first fuse 63 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the second main drive relay 61 is connected to the first pre-charging resistor 62 through a wire, and the first pre-charging resistor 62 is connected to the first end of the first fuse 63 through a wire.

[0045] In one embodiment, the high-voltage distribution box further includes a ventilation valve 5 , which is disposed on one of the side walls of the box body 2 that is different from the first side wall, and is used to discharge the increased gas in the box body 2 .

[0046] In one embodiment, an auxiliary power positive electrode interface 205 and an auxiliary power negative electrode interface 206 are provided on the first side wall of the box body 2, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes an auxiliary power supply circuit, and the auxiliary power supply circuit includes a first auxiliary copper busbar 70, a second auxiliary copper busbar 71, a second fuse 72, a first auxiliary relay 73, a second auxiliary relay 74 and a second pre-charging resistor 75, the first auxiliary relay 73 connects the first positive copper busbar 1000 and the first auxiliary copper busbar 70, the first end of the second fuse 72 is connected to the first auxiliary copper busbar 70, and the second auxiliary copper busbar 71 is connected to the auxiliary power positive electrode interface 205 and the second end of the second fuse 72.

[0047] The second auxiliary relay 74 connects the second positive copper busbar 3000 and a first end of the second pre-charging resistor 75 , and a second end of the second pre-charging resistor 75 is connected to a first end of the second fuse 72 .

[0048] In this embodiment, the second auxiliary relay 74 is connected to the second pre-charging resistor 75 through a wire, and the second pre-charging resistor 75 is connected to the first end of the second fuse 72 through a wire.

[0049] In one embodiment, a second negative copper busbar 4000 is provided in the box body 2, the first end of the second negative copper busbar 4000 is connected to the main drive power supply negative electrode interface 204, and the second end of the second negative copper busbar 4000 is connected to the auxiliary power supply negative electrode interface 206 and overlapped with the first negative copper busbar 2000.

[0050] In one embodiment, a three-in-one positive electrode interface 207 and a three-in-one negative electrode interface 208 are provided on the first side wall of the box body 2, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes a three-in-one power supply circuit, and the three-in-one power supply circuit includes a first copper bar 80, a second copper bar 81, a third fuse 82, a first relay 83, a second relay 84 and a third pre-charging resistor 85, the first relay 83 connects the second positive copper bar 3000 and the first copper bar 80, the first copper bar 80 is connected to the first end of the third fuse 82, and the second copper bar 81 is connected to the three-in-one positive electrode interface 207 and the second end of the third fuse 82.

[0051] The second relay 84 connects the second positive copper busbar 3000 and a first end of the third pre-charging resistor 85 , and a second end of the third pre-charging resistor 85 is connected to a first end of the third fuse 82 .

[0052] In this embodiment, the second relay 84 is connected to the third pre-charging resistor 85 through a wire, and the third pre-charging resistor 85 is connected to the first end of the third fuse 82 through a wire. In one embodiment, the three-in-one power supply circuit also includes a third negative copper bar 86, and the third negative copper bar 86 connects the first negative copper bar 2000 and the three-in-one negative interface 208.

[0053] In this embodiment, the three-in-one power circuit refers to integrating the wiper, defrost and OBC (On Board Charger) on the electric vehicle into one power circuit.

[0054] In one embodiment, an air conditioning interface 209 is provided on the first side wall of the box body 2, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes an air conditioning power supply circuit, which includes an air conditioning relay 90, an air conditioning copper busbar 91 and a fourth fuse 92. The first end of the air conditioning relay 90 is connected to the second positive copper busbar 3000, and the air conditioning copper busbar 91 is connected between the second end of the air conditioning relay 90 and the first end of the fourth fuse 92. The positive pole of the air conditioning interface 209 is connected to the second end of the fourth fuse 92 through a wire; the negative pole of the air conditioning interface 209 is connected to the first negative copper busbar 2000 through a wire.

[0055] In one embodiment, a PTC interface 300 is provided on the first side wall of the box body 2, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes a PTC power supply circuit, and the PTC power supply circuit includes a PTC relay 100, a PTC copper busbar 101 and a fifth fuse 102. The first end of the PTC relay 100 is connected to the second positive copper busbar 3000, and the PTC copper busbar 101 is connected between the second end of the PTC relay 100 and the first end of the fifth fuse 102. The positive pole of the PTC interface 300 is connected to the second end of the fifth fuse 102 through a wire; the negative pole of the PTC interface 300 is connected to the first negative copper busbar 2000 through a wire.

[0056] In one embodiment, a PCB control board 6 for controlling the operation of the circuit in the high-voltage distribution box is provided on the inner wall of the box body 2. The PCB control board 6 realizes functions such as relay control and CAN (CAN is a controller area network (Controller Area Network)) communication detection.

[0057] A silicone waterproof ring 4 is further provided between the upper cover 1 and the box body 2 , and the upper cover 1 presses the silicone waterproof ring 4 onto the box body 2 , so that a sealed space is formed between the inner side of the upper cover 1 and the box body 2 .

[0058] In this application, the box body 2 uses high-strength T=1.5mm cold-rolled plate, and T=2.0mm mounting plates are welded on both sides. The welding, spraying and other processing processes have high standards and strict requirements to ensure the strength of the box body 2.

[0059] In one embodiment, the above-mentioned method of connecting the high-voltage components in the box body 2 through wires can be replaced by integrating the wires in the pad 3, and the connection positions of the wires are adapted to the corresponding high-voltage components.

[0060] In one embodiment, a plurality of insulating isolation columns 31 are disposed on the backing plate 3 , and the first fuse 63 , the second fuse 72 , the third fuse 82 , the fourth fuse 92 and the fifth fuse 102 are all mounted on the insulating isolation columns 31 .

[0061] In one embodiment, a low-voltage communication interface 301 is further disposed on the first side wall of the box body 2 .

[0062] In the present application, the different interfaces on the first side wall of the box body 2, the interface and plug of each key position must correspond to each other in order to be connected. Although some connector structures are almost the same, the interfaces and plugs of different key positions cannot be connected. This design can avoid malfunctions caused by wrong insertion.

[0063] According to the high-voltage distribution box of the embodiment of the present invention, the main drive power supply circuit is arranged on the pad and is located in the box; the first main drive relay is connected to the first positive copper bar and connected to the first main drive copper bar, the first end of the first fuse is connected to the first main drive copper bar, and the second main drive copper bar is connected to the main drive power supply positive electrode interface and the second end of the first fuse; the second main drive relay is connected to the second positive copper bar and the first end of the first pre-charging resistor, and the second end of the first pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the first fuse. In this way, the main drive power supply circuit uses fuses, relays and pre-charging resistors at the same time. The pre-charging resistors can prevent excessive short-circuit currents from damaging high-voltage electrical components, and are convenient for maintenance, with high economic benefits.

[0064] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle, which includes the high-voltage distribution box of the above embodiment.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high voltage distribution box, characterized in that: It includes an upper cover, a box body, a pad and a main drive power supply circuit, wherein the pad is installed in the box body, the upper cover is installed on the opening of the box body, and the main drive power supply circuit is arranged on the pad and located in the box body; A plurality of positive power supply interfaces and a plurality of negative power supply interfaces are arranged on the first side wall of the box body, a first positive copper bar is arranged in the box body, and the plurality of positive power supply interfaces are all connected to the first positive copper bar, a first negative copper bar is arranged in the box body, and the plurality of negative power supply interfaces are all connected to the first negative copper bar; A main drive power positive electrode interface and a main drive power negative electrode interface are provided on the first side wall of the box body, a second positive copper bar is provided in the box body, the second positive copper bar is overlapped with the first positive copper bar, the main drive power supply circuit includes a first main drive relay, a second main drive relay, a first pre-charging resistor, a first fuse, a first main drive copper bar and a second main drive copper bar, the first main drive relay is connected to the first positive copper bar and connected to the first main drive copper bar, the first end of the first fuse is connected to the first main drive copper bar, and the second main drive copper bar is connected to the main drive power positive electrode interface and the second end of the first fuse; The second main drive relay connects the second positive copper busbar and the first end of the first pre-charging resistor, and the second end of the first pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the first fuse; The high-voltage distribution box also includes a breathable valve, which is arranged on one of the side walls of the box body that is different from the first side wall, and the breathable valve is used to discharge the increased gas in the box body; An auxiliary power positive electrode interface and an auxiliary power negative electrode interface are provided on the first side wall of the box body, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes an auxiliary power supply circuit, which includes a first auxiliary copper bar, a second auxiliary copper bar, a second fuse, a first auxiliary relay, a second auxiliary relay and a second pre-charging resistor, the first auxiliary relay connects the first positive copper bar and the first auxiliary copper bar, the first end of the second fuse is connected to the first auxiliary copper bar, and the second auxiliary copper bar connects the auxiliary power positive electrode interface and the second end of the second fuse; The second auxiliary relay is connected to the second positive copper busbar and the first end of the second pre-charging resistor, and the second end of the second pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the second fuse.

2. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second negative copper bar is arranged in the box, a first end of the second negative copper bar is connected to the negative electrode interface of the main drive power supply, and a second end of the second negative copper bar is connected to the negative electrode interface of the auxiliary power supply and overlapped with the first negative copper bar.

3. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A three-in-one positive electrode interface and a three-in-one negative electrode interface are provided on the first side wall of the box body, the high-voltage distribution box also includes a three-in-one power supply circuit, the three-in-one power supply circuit includes a first copper bar, a second copper bar, a third fuse, a first relay, a second relay and a third pre-charging resistor, the first relay connects the second positive copper bar and the first copper bar, the first copper bar connects the first end of the third fuse, and the second copper bar connects the three-in-one positive electrode interface and the second end of the third fuse; The second relay connects the second positive copper busbar and the first end of the third pre-charging resistor, and the second end of the third pre-charging resistor is connected to the first end of the third fuse.

4. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The three-in-one power supply circuit also includes a third negative copper bar, and the third negative copper bar is connected to the first negative copper bar and the three-in-one negative electrode interface.

5. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air conditioning interface is provided on the first side wall of the box body, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes an air conditioning power supply circuit, which includes an air conditioning relay, an air conditioning copper busbar and a fourth fuse. The first end of the air conditioning relay is connected to the second positive copper busbar, the air conditioning copper busbar is connected between the second end of the air conditioning relay and the first end of the fourth fuse, the positive pole of the air conditioning interface is connected to the second end of the fourth fuse; the negative pole of the air conditioning interface is connected to the first negative copper busbar.

6. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A PTC interface is provided on the first side wall of the box body, and the high-voltage distribution box also includes a PTC power supply circuit, which includes a PTC relay, a PTC copper busbar and a fifth fuse. The first end of the PTC relay is connected to the second positive copper busbar, the PTC copper busbar is connected between the second end of the PTC relay and the first end of the fifth fuse, the positive pole of the PTC interface is connected to the second end of the fifth fuse; and the negative pole of the PTC interface is connected to the first negative copper busbar.

7. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A PCB control board for controlling the operation of the circuit in the high-voltage distribution box is arranged on the inner side wall of the box body; A silicone waterproof ring is also provided between the upper cover and the box body, and the upper cover presses the silicone waterproof ring onto the box body so that a sealed space is formed between the upper cover and the inner side of the box body.

8. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises the high-voltage distribution box as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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