An artificial airway

Abstract

The application provides an artificial airway, which comprises a main air tube 1, wherein the main air tube 1 has an insertion end 10 inserted into a human trachea and an air source input end 20 connected with an external breathing device, and the insertion end 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the human trachea by negative pressure adsorption. The artificial airway of the application is fixed to the inner wall of the human trachea by negative pressure adsorption, and is reliable in fixation, simple in structure, and does not extrude the inner wall of the trachea and cause damage to the inner wall of the trachea.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to an artificial airway. BACKGROUND

[0002] An artificial airway is an effective connection between a physiological airway and air or other gas sources to ensure the patency of the airway, and provides conditions for effective drainage, patency, mechanical ventilation and treatment of lung diseases.

[0003] In the prior art, a positive pressure air bag is usually fixed or sleeved on the outer wall of the main airway, and then the positive pressure air bag is inflated to tightly adhere to the inner wall of the human trachea, so as to fix the artificial airway to the inner wall of the human trachea. According to the Mechanical Ventilation Guidelines formulated by the Chinese Medical Association Critical Care Branch, the pressure in the positive pressure air bag of the artificial airway is recommended to be maintained at 25-30 cmH2O. If the pressure in the positive pressure air bag is too low, the sealing effect between the artificial airway and the tracheal wall will be reduced, causing secretions or external bacteria to enter the trachea and cause lung infection. If the pressure in the positive pressure air bag is too high, it may cause tracheal mucosa cilia atrophy, ulceration, bleeding, tracheal stenosis and other problems. Therefore, the prior art proposes a technical solution for real-time monitoring and control of the air pressure in the positive pressure air bag, which can reduce the damage of the air bag pressure to the patient's trachea. For example, Chinese Utility Model Patent ZL201420391870.1 discloses an artificial airway capable of monitoring the pressure of the air bag in real time. The air bag inflation end is connected with a piston cylinder, and a piston and an elastic body are arranged in the piston cylinder. The piston divides the inner cavity of the piston cylinder into an air inlet cavity and an air outlet cavity. The air inlet cavity of the piston cylinder communicates with the inner cavity of the external air bag. An air outlet hole is formed in the piston cylinder and communicates with the air outlet cavity. One side of the piston is connected with an indicating rod, the indicating rod extends out of the piston cylinder, and a scale is arranged on the indicating rod along the length direction and is formed by a plurality of color segments connected in sequence. The position pointed by the indicating rod can directly read the pressure of the air bag, and the pressure can be adjusted manually.

[0004] However, the prior art still has certain defects. First, for critically ill patients who need to indwell the artificial airway for a long time, even if the pressure is controlled within 25-30 cmH2O, there will still be certain damage to the tracheal wall. If the monitoring device fails or has errors, it may cause great harm to the patient. Second, the artificial airway with the air bag pressure monitoring device has a relatively complex structure, is inconvenient to use, and has a high manufacturing cost. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an artificial airway which is fixed to the inner wall of the human trachea by a negative pressure adsorption method. This fixing method is firm and reliable, and does not damage the inner wall of the trachea.

[0006] The artificial airway provided by the application comprises a main trachea having an insertion end (10) inserted into the trachea of a human body and an air source input end connected with an external breathing device, and the insertion end is fixed to the inner wall of the trachea of the human body by negative pressure adsorption.

[0007] Optionally, the artificial airway further comprises a negative pressure air bag and an air exhaust pipeline, the negative pressure air bag is fixed to the outer wall of the main trachea close to the insertion end, a plurality of air holes are arranged on the side wall of the negative pressure air bag, one end of the air exhaust pipeline is communicated to the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end is communicated with an external air exhaust device.

[0008] Optionally, the artificial airway further comprises at least one first positive pressure air bag and an air inflation pipeline, the first positive pressure air bag is arranged in the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, one end of the air inflation pipeline is communicated to the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end is communicated with an external air inflation device.

[0009] Optionally, a support component is arranged between the first positive pressure air bag and the negative pressure air bag.

[0010] Optionally, the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag is provided with a plurality of support beams or support protrusions extending towards the inner wall of the negative pressure air bag, and / or the inner wall of the negative pressure air bag is provided with a plurality of support beams or support protrusions extending towards the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag.

[0011] Optionally, the support beams extend along the length direction of the main trachea and are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag with the axis of the main trachea as the central axis.

[0012] Optionally, the air exhaust pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main trachea, one end of the air exhaust pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main trachea and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air exhaust pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main trachea and is communicated with the external air exhaust device; or,

[0013] The air exhaust pipeline is formed in the inner wall of the main trachea and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main trachea, one end of the air exhaust pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main trachea and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air exhaust pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main trachea and is communicated with the external air exhaust device; or,

[0014] The air exhaust pipeline is a separate pipeline penetrating into the inner cavity of the main trachea, the air exhaust pipeline is attached to and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the main trachea, one end of the air exhaust pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main trachea and is communicated with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air exhaust pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main trachea and is communicated with the external air exhaust device.

[0015] Optionally, the inflation pipe is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipe extends from the side wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the inflation pipe extends from the side wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the external inflation device.

[0016] The inflation pipe is formed in the inner wall of the main air pipe and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipe extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the inflation pipe extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the external inflation device.

[0017] The inflation pipe is formed in the inner wall of the main air pipe and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipe extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the inflation pipe extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the external inflation device.

[0018] Optionally, the inflation pipe is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipe extends from the side wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the inflation pipe extends from the side wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the external inflation device.

[0019] Optionally, the negative pressure air bag has a cylindrical shape, and at least one annular negative pressure groove extending in the circumferential direction is arranged on the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag.

[0020] Optionally, two annular negative pressure grooves extending in the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag, and the two annular negative pressure grooves are symmetrically distributed with respect to the center plane in the length direction of the negative pressure air bag.

[0021] Optionally, the artificial airway further comprises a second positive pressure air bag, a third positive pressure air bag, an air exhaust pipe and an inflation pipe, the second positive pressure air bag and the third positive pressure air bag are fixed to the outer wall of the main air pipe close to the insertion end; one end of the inflation pipe simultaneously communicates with the inner cavities of the second positive pressure air bag and the third positive pressure air bag, and the other end of the inflation pipe communicates with the external inflation device; the second positive pressure air bag, the third positive pressure air bag and the inner wall of the air pipe jointly form a negative pressure area, one end of the air exhaust pipe communicates with the negative pressure area, and the other end of the air exhaust pipe communicates with the external air exhaust device.

[0022] Optionally, the air extraction pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air tube, one end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air tube and communicates with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air tube and communicates with the external air extraction device.

[0023] The air extraction pipeline is formed in the inner wall of the main air tube and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air tube, one end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air tube and communicates with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air tube and communicates with the external air extraction device.

[0024] The air extraction pipeline is a separate pipeline penetrating in the inner cavity of the main air tube, the air extraction pipeline is installed in close contact with the inner wall of the main air tube, one end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air tube and communicates with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air tube and communicates with the external air extraction device.

[0025] Optionally, the air charging pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air tube, one end of the air charging pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air tube and simultaneously communicates with the inner cavities of the second and third positive pressure air bags, and the other end of the air charging pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air tube and communicates with the external air charging device.

[0026] The air charging pipeline is formed in the inner wall of the main air tube and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air tube, one end of the air charging pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air tube and simultaneously communicates with the inner cavities of the second and third positive pressure air bags, and the other end of the air charging pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air tube and communicates with the external air charging device.

[0027] The air charging pipeline is a separate pipeline penetrating in the inner cavity of the main air tube, the air charging pipeline is installed in close contact with the inner wall of the main air tube, one end of the air charging pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air tube and simultaneously communicates with the inner cavities of the second and third positive pressure air bags, and the other end of the air charging pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air tube and communicates with the external air charging device.

[0028] Optionally, the artificial airway further comprises a first valve and a second valve, the first valve and the second valve are fixedly spaced apart on the outer wall of the main air tube close to the insertion end; the first valve, the second valve and the inner wall of the air tube jointly enclose a negative pressure area, one end of the air extraction pipeline communicates with the negative pressure area, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline communicates with the external air extraction device.

[0029] Optionally, the first valve extends radially outward while tilting or bending away from the negative pressure area, and the second valve extends radially outward while tilting or bending away from the negative pressure area.

[0030] Optionally, the inflation pipeline is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the inner cavities of the second and third positive pressure air bags, and the other end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the external inflation device.

[0031] The inflation pipeline is formed in the inner wall of the main air pipe and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the inner cavities of the second and third positive pressure air bags, and the other end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the external inflation device.

[0032] The inflation pipeline is a separate pipeline arranged in the main air pipe, the inflation pipeline is attached to the inner wall of the main air pipe, one end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the inner cavities of the second and third positive pressure air bags, and the other end of the inflation pipeline extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe and communicates with the external inflation device.

[0033] Optionally, the pressure range of the negative pressure adsorption is -70kPa to 0kPa.

[0034] Optionally, the pressure range of the negative pressure adsorption is -30kPa to -3kPa.

[0035] Optionally, the air extraction pipeline is connected with a first pressure measuring device, and / or the inflation pipeline is connected with a second pressure measuring device.

[0036] Optionally, the air extraction pipeline is connected with a first pressure measuring device, and / or the inflation pipeline is connected with a second pressure measuring device.

[0037] Optionally, the external breathing device and the external air extraction device are integrated, or the external breathing device and the external inflation device are integrated, or the external air extraction device and the external inflation device are integrated, or the external breathing device, the external air extraction device and the external breathing device are integrated.

[0038] Advantages

[0039] Firstly, the artificial airway of the present application is fixed to the inner wall of the trachea by negative pressure adsorption, which does not cause damage to the inner wall of the trachea caused by the compression of the positive pressure air bag to the inner wall of the trachea in the prior art. At the same time, the negative pressure adsorption fixation is more secure and will not cause the artificial airway to fall off due to patient activity, and is safe and reliable.

[0040] Second, in one embodiment of the present application, the artificial air sac is adsorbed to the tracheal wall by negative pressure air sac, a plurality of air holes are formed on the negative pressure air sac, and when the artificial airway is fixed to the tracheal wall by negative pressure adsorption, the foreign matter, secretion, sputum and the like in the trachea of the patient can be simultaneously sucked and cleaned, and the cleaning pipeline specially used for cleaning the tracheal foreign matter is saved. The artificial airway of the present application is convenient to use, simple in structure and high in practicability.

[0041] Third, in one embodiment of the present application, a positive pressure air sac can be arranged in the inner cavity of the negative pressure air sac. After the artificial airway is inserted into the trachea, the positive pressure air sac is inflated first, and then the outer wall of the negative pressure air sac is pushed to be close to the inner wall of the trachea, so as to reduce the gap between the outer wall of the negative pressure air sac and the inner wall of the trachea, so that the negative pressure adsorption between the negative pressure air sac and the inner wall of the trachea can be smoothly performed. The positive pressure air sac is used to push the negative pressure air sac to be close to the inner wall of the trachea, and the positive pressure air sac does not contact the inner wall of the trachea, so there is no problem of pressing the inner wall of the trachea in the prior art, and the sealing property and pressure range of the positive pressure air sac are not strictly required, and the operation is convenient.

[0042] Fourth, in one embodiment of the present application, a support beam or a support protrusion is arranged on the outer periphery of the positive pressure air sac, which can prevent the positive pressure air sac from being combined with the negative pressure air sac to close the air suction passage during the negative pressure adsorption, and then affect the sealing between the negative pressure air sac and the tracheal wall. The arrangement of the support beam or the support protrusion further improves the reliability of the present application.

[0043] Fifth, in one embodiment of the present application, two positive pressure air sacs are arranged, and a negative pressure area is arranged between the two positive pressure air sacs. The negative pressure area and the air suction equipment are connected through an air suction pipeline, so as to realize the negative pressure adsorption connection. This scheme does not need to arrange the negative pressure air sac, but also realizes the negative pressure adsorption connection, and avoids the damage to the inner wall of the trachea.

[0044] Sixth, in one embodiment of the present application, two valves are arranged, and a negative pressure area is arranged between the two valves. The negative pressure area and the air suction equipment are connected through an air suction pipeline, so as to realize the negative pressure adsorption connection. This scheme does not need to arrange the negative pressure air sac, nor the positive pressure air sac, but also realizes the negative pressure adsorption connection, and avoids the damage to the inner wall of the trachea. This embodiment is simpler in structure, lower in production cost, and does not need to be inflated, so it is fast and convenient to use.

[0045] Seventh, the artificial airway of the present application can realize the sealing between the tracheal wall and the artificial airway while being adsorbed and fixed by the negative pressure principle, so as to prevent the bacteria or other foreign matters in the outside from entering the airway and causing the technical problem of lung infection.

[0046] Eighth, in one embodiment of the present invention, the positional relationship between the artificial airway inflation pipeline and the exhaust pipeline and the main airway of the present invention is diverse, highly flexible, and easy to produce.

[0047] Ninth, in one embodiment of the present invention, the inflation pipeline and the exhaust pipeline of the artificial airway of the present invention are provided with a pressure measuring device, which can facilitate the monitoring and control of the inflation pressure and the exhaust pressure.

[0048] Tenth, the present invention adopts negative pressure adsorption to fix the artificial airway, and the range of negative pressure adsorption pressure that is harmless to the human body is large. Therefore, the present application does not require high accuracy of the pressure measuring device, which reduces production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Exemplary embodiments are described in detail below, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present invention, as detailed in the claims.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of an artificial airway according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is another structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the artificial airway of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the main trachea, the air extraction pipeline, and the air filling pipeline of the artificial airway of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the main trachea, the air extraction pipeline and the air filling pipeline of the artificial airway of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the main trachea, the air extraction pipeline and the air filling pipeline of the artificial airway of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the artificial airway of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 7 Another structural diagram of the artificial airway embodiment of the present invention

[0057] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of an artificial airway according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the artificial airway of the present invention.

[0059] Reference signs:

[0060] 1. main air tube; 10. insertion end; 20. air source input end; 2. negative pressure air bag; 21. air hole; 22. annular negative pressure groove; 3. air extraction pipeline; 31. first pressure measuring device; 4. first positive pressure air bag; 41. support beam; 42. support protrusion; 5. inflation pipeline; 51. second pressure measuring device; 6. second positive pressure air bag; 7. third positive pressure air bag; 8. negative pressure area; 91. first valve; 92. second valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0062] Referring to Figure 1 , the present application provides an artificial airway, which comprises a main air tube 1, the main air tube 1 having an insertion end 10 inserted into a human trachea and an air source input end 20 connected with an external breathing device, and the insertion end 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the human trachea by negative pressure adsorption.

[0063] Since the artificial airway of the present application is fixed to the inner wall of the human trachea by negative pressure adsorption, the problem of damage to the inner wall of the trachea caused by the compression of the positive pressure air bag to the inner wall of the trachea in the prior art is avoided, and the fixed mode of negative pressure adsorption is more firm, and the artificial airway will not fall off due to the movement of the patient, and the safety and reliability are high.

[0064] Embodiment one

[0065] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the artificial airway of the present application. Referring to Figure 1 , the artificial airway of the present application comprises a main air tube 1, a negative pressure air bag 2 and an air extraction pipeline 3. The main air tube 1 has an insertion end 10 inserted into a human trachea and an air source input end 20 connected with an external breathing device, the negative pressure air bag 2 is fixed to the outer wall of the main air tube 1 close to the insertion end 10, and the side wall of the negative pressure air bag 2 is provided with a plurality of air holes 21; one end of the air extraction pipeline 3 is communicated to the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2, and the other end is communicated to an external air extraction device. When the artificial airway is used, the insertion end 10 of the main air tube 1 of the artificial airway is inserted into the human trachea to a suitable position, the air extraction device is started to extract the gas in the trachea, and the negative pressure air bag 2 is attached to the inner wall of the human trachea under the action of the negative pressure air flow, so as to realize the fixation of the artificial airway.

[0066] Specifically, in order to facilitate the fitting and sealing between the negative pressure airbag 2 and the inner wall of the trachea, the shape of the negative pressure airbag 2 is preferably cylindrical.

[0067] To ensure a tight seal and secure fixation between the negative-pressure airbag 2 and the tracheal lining, multiple vent holes 21 are evenly distributed along the sidewall of the negative-pressure airbag 2. Specifically, the vent holes 21 are arranged in one or more circles around the cylindrical negative-pressure airbag 2. The size of the vent holes 21 is not limited, as long as it ensures reliable negative pressure adsorption and prevents clogging by airway secretions.

[0068] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the outer wall of the negative pressure airbag 2 to be able to quickly and reliably fit the inner wall of the trachea, at least one first positive pressure airbag 4, i.e., a bag-cuff structure, can be provided in the inner cavity of the negative pressure airbag 2. The first positive pressure airbag 4 is located in the inner cavity of the negative pressure airbag 2 and is fixed to the outer wall of the main trachea 1. Accordingly, an inflation pipeline 5 is also provided, one end of which is connected to the inner cavity of the first positive pressure airbag 4, and the other end is connected to an external inflation device. The first positive pressure airbag 4 is inflated by the inflation device, and the first positive pressure airbag 4 gradually expands, thereby pushing the outer wall of the negative pressure airbag 2 close to the inner wall of the trachea to a certain position, and then the inflation is stopped, and the vacuum device is turned on to pump negative pressure. The negative pressure airbag 2 is attached to the inner wall of the trachea under the action of negative pressure adsorption, thereby achieving the fixation of the artificial airway and the sealing between it and the inner wall of the trachea.

[0069] Optionally, one first positive-pressure airbag 4 is provided and is located at the center of the inner cavity of the negative-pressure airbag 2. In use, a certain gap is maintained between the two ends and the outer wall of the first positive-pressure airbag 4 and the inner wall of the negative-pressure airbag 2. Preferably, the outer diameter of the positive-pressure airbag 4 in the inflated state is smaller than the inner diameter of the human trachea. The position where the exhaust pipe 3 is connected to the inner cavity of the negative-pressure airbag 2 is located in the gap between one end of the positive-pressure airbag 4 of the main trachea 1 and the corresponding end of the negative-pressure airbag 2, that is, the cavity formed between the inner wall of the negative-pressure airbag 2 and the outer wall of the positive-pressure airbag 4 is connected to the exhaust pipe 3.

[0070] Optionally, multiple first positive-pressure airbags 4 may be provided, sequentially arranged within the inner cavity of the negative-pressure airbag 1, with the inflation conduit 5 communicating with the inner cavity of each first positive-pressure airbag 4. Providing multiple first positive-pressure airbags 4 can improve the reliability and uniformity of adhesion between the outer wall of the negative-pressure airbag 2 and the inner wall of the trachea.

[0071] In this embodiment, the positive-pressure airbag pushes the outer wall of the negative-pressure airbag toward the inner wall of the trachea. The positive-pressure airbag does not contact the inner wall of the trachea, thus eliminating the problem of positive-pressure airbags compressing the inner wall of the trachea as in the prior art. Furthermore, since the positive-pressure airbag serves only as an auxiliary device, there are no specific requirements for the internal pressure of the positive-pressure airbag, nor for the sealing of the positive-pressure airbag and the inflation line. Furthermore, there is no need for precise pressure monitoring of the positive-pressure airbag. Therefore, the artificial airway of this application has a simple structure, low process requirements, is easy to operate, and is low-cost.

[0072] Optionally, in order to prevent the inner wall of the negative pressure airbag 2 from fitting against the outer wall of the first positive pressure airbag 4 during the air extraction process of the air extraction device, thereby closing the air extraction path and affecting the seal between the negative pressure airbag 2 and the tracheal wall, a support component capable of preventing the inner wall of the negative pressure airbag 2 from fitting against the outer wall of the first positive pressure airbag 4 is provided between the first positive pressure airbag 4 and the negative pressure airbag 2. In this embodiment, a plurality of support beams 41 extending toward the inner wall of the negative pressure airbag 2 are provided on the outer wall of the first positive pressure airbag 4. The support beams 41 extend along the length direction of the main trachea 1 and are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the first positive pressure airbag 4. The height of the support beams 41 can be reasonably designed according to the size of the inner diameter of the human trachea. Of course, a plurality of support beams 41 extending toward the outer wall of the first positive pressure airbag 4 can also be provided on the inner wall of the negative pressure airbag 2.

[0073] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is another structural diagram of the artificial airway of this embodiment. Figure 2 In order to prevent the inner wall of the negative pressure airbag 2 and the outer wall of the first positive pressure airbag 4 from fitting together and closing the air extraction path during the air extraction process of the air extraction device, a plurality of support protrusions 42 extending toward the inner wall of the negative pressure airbag 2 can also be provided on the outer wall of the first positive pressure airbag 4. The support protrusions 42 can be evenly distributed on the periphery of the first positive pressure airbag 4. Of course, a plurality of support protrusions 42 extending toward the outer wall of the first positive pressure airbag 4 can also be provided on the inner wall of the negative pressure airbag 2. In addition, the above-mentioned support beam 41 and support protrusion 42 are only used as a preferred solution. The support component of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it can also be a support component of other shapes.

[0074] Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the main trachea 1, the air extraction pipeline 3 and the air filling pipeline 5 of the artificial airway of the present invention.

[0075] See also Figures 3-5 In order to facilitate the insertion and removal of the artificial airway and reduce the interference of the exhaust pipe 3 on the main trachea 1 during insertion and removal, the exhaust pipe 3 can be integrated into the side wall of the main trachea 1 or the lumen of the main trachea 1.

[0076] Specifically, referring to Figure 3 , the air extraction pipeline 3 is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe 1, one end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe 1 and communicates with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2, and the other end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe 1 and communicates with the external air extraction device. The air extraction pipeline 3 is integrated into the side wall of the main air pipe 1, and only needs to be inserted into the airway during use. The air extraction pipeline 3 does not interfere with the main air pipe 1, and is convenient to use.

[0077] Referring to Figure 2 , the air extraction pipeline 3 is formed in the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe 1. One end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and communicates with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2. The other end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and communicates with the external air extraction device. The air extraction pipeline 3 is formed in the inner wall of the main air pipe 1, so the diameter of the air extraction pipeline 3 is not affected by the wall thickness of the main air pipe 1. The inner diameter of the air extraction pipeline 3 can be designed to be larger, preventing secretions in the air pipe from entering the air extraction pipeline 3 and causing the air extraction pipeline 3 to be blocked.

[0078] Referring to Figure 3 , the air extraction pipeline 3 is a separate pipeline arranged in the main air pipe 1. The air extraction pipeline 3 is installed in close contact with the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and can be fixed as needed. One end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and communicates with the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag 2. The other end of the air extraction pipeline 3 extends out of the inner wall of the main air pipe 1 and communicates with the external air extraction device. The air extraction pipeline 3 is a separate pipeline arranged in the main air pipe 1. Therefore, the design of the air extraction pipeline 3 is independent of the design of the main air pipe 1 and does not affect each other. The manufacturing process is simple and the cost is low.

[0079] The above position relationship between the air extraction pipeline 3 and the main air pipe 1 has respective advantages, and can be flexibly selected according to specific design requirements and use scenarios.

[0080] Similarly, referring to Figures 3 to 5 , the position relationship between the air inflation pipeline 5 and the main air pipe 1 can also have multiple options.

[0081] Referring to Figure 3 , the air inflation pipeline 5 is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe 1. One end of the air inflation pipeline 5 extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe 1 and communicates with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag 4. The other end of the air inflation pipeline 5 extends out of the side wall of the main air pipe 1 and communicates with the external air inflation device. The air inflation pipeline 5 is integrated into the side wall of the main air pipe 1, and only needs to be inserted into the airway during use. The air inflation pipeline 5 does not interfere with the main air pipe 1, and is convenient to use.

[0082] Referring to Figure 2 , the inflation pipeline 5 is formed on the inner wall of the main air tube 1 and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air tube 1, one end of the inflation pipeline 5 extends from the inner wall of the main air tube 1 and communicates with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag 4, the other end of the inflation pipeline 5 extends from the inner wall of the main air tube 1 and communicates with the external inflation device.

[0083] Referring to Figure 3 , the inflation pipeline 5 is a separate pipeline arranged in the main air tube 1, the inflation pipeline 5 is attached to and fixed to the inner wall of the main air tube 1, one end of the inflation pipeline 5 extends from the inner wall of the main air tube 1 and communicates with the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag 4, the other end of the inflation pipeline 5 extends from the inner wall of the main air tube 1 and communicates with the external inflation device. The inflation pipeline 5 is a separate pipeline arranged in the main air tube 1, so the design of the inflation pipeline 5 is independent of the design of the main air tube 1, and they do not affect each other, the manufacturing process is simple, and the cost is low.

[0084] The external suction device, the external inflation device and the external breathing device mentioned above can be separate and independent multiple devices, or can be integrated into a breathing device. The present application aims to protect the technical solutions of artificial airway, and the external related devices can select existing commercially available devices, as long as the external related devices can provide negative pressure suction and active air supply and exhaust at the same time. Therefore, the present application does not make other limitations on the external device.

[0085] Figure 6 Another structure diagram of the artificial airway of the present embodiment. Referring to Figure 6 , the negative pressure air bag 2 has a cylindrical shape, and at least one annular negative pressure groove 22 extending in the circumferential direction is arranged on the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag 2. The arrangement of the annular negative pressure groove 22 can increase the negative pressure acting area, thereby improving the reliability of the sealing between the negative pressure air bag 2 and the inner wall of the trachea.

[0086] Preferably, two annular negative pressure grooves 22 extending in the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer wall of the negative pressure air bag 2, and the two annular negative pressure grooves 22 are symmetrically distributed on the side wall of the negative pressure air bag 2 with the center plane of the length direction of the negative pressure air bag 22 as the reference. By arranging two annular negative pressure grooves 22 and symmetrically distributing them along the length direction of the negative pressure air bag 22, the side wall of the negative pressure air bag 2 can be fully attached to the inner wall of the trachea, so that the main air tube 1 will not fall off even in the case of patient activity. Of course, the annular negative pressure groove 22 can also be arranged in more numbers to increase its reliability, which will not be repeated here.

[0087] The artificial airway of the present application is fixed by negative pressure adsorption, and the pressure range of the negative pressure adsorption is preferably-70kPa to 0kPa, because in the range of-70kPa to 0kPa, the negative pressure adsorption has little harm to the inner wall of the human trachea. In order to further improve the safety of the present application, preferably, the pressure range of the negative pressure adsorption is-50kPa to 0kPa; more preferably, the pressure range of the negative pressure adsorption is-30kPa to-3kPa.

[0088] Figure 7 For another structure diagram of the artificial airway of the present embodiment, in order to be able to visually observe and monitor the pressure of the first positive pressure air bag 4, the second positive pressure air bag 6, and the third positive pressure air bag 7, and the negative pressure air bag 2 and the negative pressure area 8, the artificial airway of the present application can also be connected with a first pressure measuring device 31 on the air exhaust pipeline 3, and / or connected with a second pressure measuring device 51 on the air inflation pipeline 5.

[0089] The first pressure measuring device 31 and the second pressure measuring device 51 can be selected from conventional commercially available monitoring equipment, which is not limited in the present application. Of course, the monitoring of the gas pressure in the air inflation pipeline 5 and the air exhaust pipeline 3 in the present application can also use an observation type air bag monitoring device.

[0090] Since the artificial airway of the present application has a large pressure range of negative pressure adsorption, the artificial airway of the present application is easy to operate, and the precision requirement of the pressure monitoring equipment is not high, and the cost is low.

[0091] Optionally, in order to improve the integration, the first pressure measuring device 31 can be integrated into an external air exhaust device; and the second pressure measuring device 51 can be integrated into an external air inflation device.

[0092] In order to further improve the integration, the external breathing device and the external air exhaust device can be integrally arranged; or the external breathing device and the external air inflation device can be integrally arranged; or the external air exhaust device and the external air inflation device can be integrally arranged; or the external breathing device, the external air exhaust device, and the external breathing device can be integrally arranged.

[0093] Embodiment two

[0094] Figure 8 For a structure diagram of the artificial airway of the present embodiment, see Figure 8 , Figure 8The dashed line in the figure shows the inner wall of the human trachea. The artificial airway of this embodiment comprises a main trachea 1, a second positive pressure air bag 6, a third positive pressure air bag 7, an air exhaust pipeline 3 and an air inflation pipeline 5. The main trachea 1 has an insertion end 10 inserted into the human trachea and an air source input end 20 connected with an external breathing device, the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 are fixed on the outer wall of the main trachea 1 near the insertion end 10, one end of the air inflation pipeline 5 is connected to the inner cavities of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7, and the other end is connected to an external air inflation device, the second positive pressure air bag 6, the third positive pressure air bag 7 and the inner wall of the trachea together form a negative pressure area 8, one end of the air exhaust pipeline 3 is connected to the negative pressure area 8, and the other end is connected to an external air exhaust device. When using the artificial airway, first, insert the insertion end 10 of the main trachea 1 of the artificial airway into the human trachea to a suitable position, start the air inflation device to inflate the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7, and stop inflating when the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 approach or contact the inner wall of the trachea; then start the air exhaust device to exhaust air from the negative pressure area 8 until the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 completely adhere to the inner wall of the trachea and form a negative pressure to fix the artificial airway.

[0095] In this embodiment, the sealing between the artificial airway and the inner wall of the trachea relies on the adhesion of the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 to the inner wall of the trachea, but its fixing principle is the same as that of Embodiment One, that is, negative pressure adsorption fixation and connection. By forming a negative pressure in the negative pressure area 8, the inner wall of the trachea is adsorbed and fixed to the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7. Therefore, the technical solution of this embodiment uses the principle of negative pressure adsorption to fix the artificial airway, and the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 do not squeeze the tracheal wall, which will not cause damage to the tracheal wall. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment One is that in this embodiment, the negative pressure air bag 2 and the ventilation hole 21 are not used, and the airflow directly flows from the gap between the outer walls of the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 and the inner wall of the trachea into the negative pressure area 8 and is exhausted by the air exhaust pipeline 3, so it is not easy to cause air hole blockage, and the artificial airway of this embodiment has simple structure, high safety and reliability. And in this embodiment, the purpose of inflating the second positive pressure air bag 6 and the third positive pressure air bag 7 is only to make the outer walls of the air bags approach the inner wall of the trachea to facilitate the generation of negative pressure sealing, rather than to fix the artificial airway by the pressure generated by the positive pressure air bag, so the pressure of the positive pressure air bag does not need to be accurately measured and controlled, which is simple to operate and convenient to use.

[0096] In this embodiment, the position relationship between the air exhaust pipeline 3, the air inflation pipeline 5 and the main trachea 1 is the same as that of Embodiment One, which will not be repeated here; the other details not mentioned in this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment One, which will not be repeated here.

[0097] Embodiment Three

[0098] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third embodiment of the artificial airway of the present invention. Figure 9 , Figure 9 The dotted line in the figure indicates the inner wall of the human trachea. The artificial airway of this embodiment includes a main trachea 1, a first valve 91, a second valve 92 and an air extraction pipeline 3. The first valve 91 and the second valve 92 are fixed at intervals on the outer wall of the main trachea 1 near the insertion end 10; the first valve 91 and the second valve 92 and the inner wall of the trachea together enclose a negative pressure area 8. One end of the air extraction pipeline 3 is connected to the negative pressure area 8, and the other end is connected to an external air extraction device. When using the artificial airway, first insert the insertion end 10 of the artificial airway main trachea 1 into a suitable position in the human trachea, start the air extraction device to extract air from the negative pressure area 8, the peripheral part of the first valve 91 is in contact with the inner wall of the trachea, and the peripheral part of the second valve (92) is in contact with the inner wall of the trachea. The artificial airway is fixed in the trachea by negative pressure adsorption.

[0099] Preferably, to prevent the peripheries of the first and second valves 91, 92 from bending and deforming under the action of negative pressure during the degassing process of the degassing pipe 3, thereby affecting the sealing effect, the first valve 91 extends radially outward while tilting or bending away from the negative pressure region 8, and the second valve 92 extends radially outward while tilting or bending away from the negative pressure region 8. This configuration can improve the reliability and safety of artificial airway fixation.

[0100] Compared with Example 2, the technical solution of this embodiment replaces the positive pressure airbag structure with a valve structure, does not require inflation pipelines and inflation equipment, the overall structure is simpler, and the operation is more convenient and quick. At the same time, it can also clean secretions and other foreign matter in the airway during the negative pressure adsorption process.

[0101] In this embodiment, the positional relationship between the exhaust pipe 3 and the main air pipe 1 is the same as in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here; other details not mentioned in this embodiment are the same as in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] In addition, the positive pressure airbag described in this application means that when it is working, gas needs to be filled into its inner cavity to form a positive pressure; the negative pressure airbag described in this application means that when it is working, gas needs to be extracted outward to form a negative pressure; and it is not a limitation or requirement on the structure or material of the airbag itself. The description of the first positive pressure airbag, the second positive pressure airbag, and the third positive pressure airbag in this application is only for the convenience of distinction and description, and is not a limitation on their setting position and order. The "negative pressure" in the negative pressure adsorption mentioned in this application refers to the relative negative pressure in the environment where the patient or user is located relative to the external atmospheric pressure, and it is not an absolute negative pressure.

[0103] It should be understood that the foregoing detailed description of the application, rather than limiting the application, is intended to explain and describe the current implementation of the application. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application should be included in the protection scope of the application. In addition, the appended claims of the application are intended to cover all changes and modifications falling within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or the equivalent form of such scope and boundary.

Claims

1. An artificial airway, characterized in that The invention comprises a main trachea (1), wherein the main trachea (1) has an insertion end (10) inserted into the human trachea and an air source input end (20) connected to an external respiratory device, wherein the insertion end (10) is fixed to the inner wall of the human trachea by negative pressure adsorption, and further comprises a negative pressure air bag (2) and an air extraction pipeline (3), wherein the negative pressure air bag (2) is fixed to the outer wall of the main trachea (1) near the insertion end (10), and the side wall of the negative pressure air bag (2) is provided with a plurality of vents (21); the air extraction pipeline (3) is provided with a plurality of vents (21) and a plurality of air holes (21) on the side wall of the negative pressure air bag (2). One end of the pipeline (3) is connected to the inner cavity of the negative pressure airbag (2), and the other end is connected to an external suction device. It also includes at least one first positive pressure airbag (4) and an inflation pipeline (5). The first positive pressure airbag (4) is arranged in the inner cavity of the negative pressure airbag (2). One end of the inflation pipeline (5) is connected to the inner cavity of the first positive pressure airbag (4), and the other end is connected to the external inflation device. A support component is provided between the first positive pressure airbag (4) and the negative pressure airbag (2).

2. The artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the first positive-pressure airbag (4) is provided with a plurality of support beams (41) or support protrusions (42) extending toward the inner wall of the negative-pressure airbag (2); and / or the inner wall of the negative-pressure airbag (2) is provided with a plurality of support beams (41) or support protrusions (42) extending toward the outer wall of the first positive-pressure airbag (4).

3. The artificial airway according to claim 2, characterized in that The support beam (41) extends along the length direction of the main air pipe (1) and is evenly distributed on the outer wall of the first positive pressure air bag (4) with the axis of the main air pipe (1) as the central axis.

4. The artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein: The exhaust pipe (3) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag (2), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external exhaust device; or, the exhaust pipe (3) is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the negative pressure air bag (2). The inner cavity of the bag (2) is connected, and the other end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external exhaust device; or, the exhaust pipe (3) is an independent pipe that passes through the inner cavity of the main air pipe (1), and the exhaust pipe (3) is installed in close contact with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag (2), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external exhaust device.

5. The artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein: The inflation line (5) is formed in the side wall of the main air tube (1), one end of the inflation line (5) extends from the side wall of the main air tube (1) and is connected to the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag (4), and the other end of the inflation line (5) extends from the side wall of the main air tube (1) and is connected to an external inflation device; or, the inflation line (5) is formed on the inner wall of the main air tube (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air tube (1), one end of the inflation line (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air tube (1) and is connected to the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag (4). The inner cavity of the airbag (4) is connected, and the other end of the inflation pipeline (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external inflation device; or, the inflation pipeline (5) is an independent pipeline passing through the inside of the main air pipe (1), and the inflation pipeline (5) is installed in close contact with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the inflation pipeline (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the inner cavity of the first positive pressure airbag (4), and the other end of the inflation pipeline (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external inflation device.

6. The artificial airway according to claim 1, characterized in that The exhaust pipe (3) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the inner cavity of the negative pressure air bag (2), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external exhaust device; the inflation pipe (5) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the inflation pipe (5) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the inner cavity of the first positive pressure air bag (4), and the other end of the inflation pipe (5) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external inflation device.

7. The artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein: The negative pressure airbag (2) has a cylindrical shape, and at least one annular negative pressure groove (22) extending along its circumference is provided on the outer wall of the negative pressure airbag (2).

8. The artificial airway according to claim 7, characterized in that Two annular negative pressure grooves (22) extending in the circumferential direction are provided on the outer wall of the negative pressure airbag (2), and the two annular negative pressure grooves (22) are symmetrically distributed with the center plane of the length direction of the negative pressure airbag (2) as a reference.

9. The artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein: The invention also includes a second positive pressure airbag (6), a third positive pressure airbag (7), an exhaust pipe (3) and an inflation pipe (5), wherein the second positive pressure airbag (6) and the third positive pressure airbag (7) are fixed at intervals on the outer wall of the main trachea (1) near the insertion end (10); one end of the inflation pipe (5) is simultaneously connected to the inner cavity of the second positive pressure airbag (6) and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure airbag (7), and the other end is connected to an external inflation device; the second positive pressure airbag (6) and the third positive pressure airbag (7) and the inner wall of the trachea together enclose a negative pressure area (8), one end of the exhaust pipe (3) is connected to the negative pressure area (8), and the other end is connected to an external exhaust device.

10. The artificial airway according to claim 9, characterized in that The exhaust pipe (3) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the negative pressure area (8), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external exhaust device; or, the exhaust pipe (3) is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the negative pressure area (8). The air extraction pipe (3) is connected to the negative pressure area (8), and the other end of the air extraction pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external air extraction device; or, the air extraction pipe (3) is an independent pipe passing through the inner cavity of the main air pipe (1), and the air extraction pipe (3) is installed in close contact with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the negative pressure area (8), and the other end of the air extraction pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external air extraction device.

11. The artificial airway according to claim 9, characterized in that The inflation pipeline (5) is formed in the side wall of the main air tube (1), one end of the inflation pipeline (5) extends from the side wall of the main air tube (1) and is connected to the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag (6) and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag (7) at the same time, and the other end of the inflation pipeline (5) extends from the side wall of the main air tube (1) and is connected to an external inflation device; or, the inflation pipeline (5) is formed on the inner wall of the main air tube (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air tube (1), one end of the inflation pipeline (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air tube (1) and is connected to the inner cavity of the second positive pressure air bag (6) and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure air bag (7) at the same time. The inner cavity of the third positive pressure airbag (7) is simultaneously connected, and the other end of the inflation pipeline (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external inflation device; or, the inflation pipeline (5) is an independent pipeline passing through the inside of the main air pipe (1), and the inflation pipeline (5) is installed in close contact with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), and one end of the inflation pipeline (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is simultaneously connected to the inner cavity of the second positive pressure airbag (6) and the inner cavity of the third positive pressure airbag (7), and the other end of the inflation pipeline (5) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external inflation device.

12. The artificial airway according to claim 1, wherein: The invention also includes a first valve (91), a second valve (92) and an air extraction pipeline (3), wherein the first valve (91) and the second valve (92) are fixed at intervals on the outer wall of the main trachea (1) near the insertion end (10); the first valve (91) and the second valve (92) and the inner wall of the trachea together enclose a negative pressure area (8), and one end of the air extraction pipeline (3) is connected to the negative pressure area (8), and the other end is connected to an external air extraction device.

13. The artificial airway according to claim 12, characterized in that The first valve (91) extends in a radially outward direction while tilting or bending in a direction away from the negative pressure area (8), and the second valve (92) extends in a radially outward direction while tilting or bending in a direction away from the negative pressure area (8).

14. The artificial airway according to claim 12, wherein: The exhaust pipe (3) is formed in the side wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the negative pressure area (8), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the side wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external exhaust device; or, the exhaust pipe (3) is formed on the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is integrally formed with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the exhaust pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the negative pressure area (8). The air extraction pipe (3) is connected to the negative pressure area (8), and the other end of the air extraction pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external air extraction device; or, the air extraction pipe (3) is an independent pipe passing through the inner cavity of the main air pipe (1), and the air extraction pipe (3) is installed in close contact with the inner wall of the main air pipe (1), one end of the air extraction pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to the negative pressure area (8), and the other end of the air extraction pipe (3) extends from the inner wall of the main air pipe (1) and is connected to an external air extraction device.

15. The artificial airway according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The pressure range of the negative pressure adsorption is -70 kPa to 0 kPa.

16. The artificial airway according to claim 15, characterized in that The pressure range of the negative pressure adsorption is -30kPa to -3kPa.

17. The artificial airway according to any one of claims 1-3, 5, 6, 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that The air extraction pipeline (3) is connected to a first pressure measuring device (31); and / or the air filling pipeline (5) is connected to a second pressure measuring device (51).

18. The artificial airway according to any one of claims 1-3, 5, 6, 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that The air extraction pipeline (3) is connected to a first pressure measuring device (31), and the first pressure measuring device (31) is integrated into an external air extraction device; and / or the air filling pipeline (5) is connected to a second pressure measuring device (51), and the second pressure measuring device (51) is integrated into an external air filling device.

19. The artificial airway according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The external breathing device and the external exhaust device are integrated; or, the external breathing device and the external inflation device are integrated; or, the external exhaust device and the external inflation device are integrated; or, the external breathing device, the external exhaust device and the external breathing device are integrated.

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