Gasket installation assembly, tunnel waterproof layer installation system and tunnel support system

Abstract

The present invention provides a gasket installation component, a tunnel waterproof layer installation system and a tunnel support system. The tunnel support system includes the tunnel waterproof layer installation system, the tunnel waterproof layer installation system includes the gasket installation component, the gasket installation component includes a flexible net and a plurality of connecting pieces. A plurality of intersection connection nodes are formed on the flexible net. One connecting piece is correspondingly connected to one intersection connection node, and one connecting piece is used to correspondingly connect to one gasket. With the above structure, the flexible net is installed on the initial support of the tunnel. Each intersection connection node is connected with a connecting piece. A layer of concrete is sprayed again on the flexible net. One end of the connecting piece exposed based on the re-sprayed concrete layer is connected to the gasket, forming a waterproof board hanging point embedded in the initial support, solving the problem that the existing hot-melt gasket is not firmly connected and fixed to the initial support. Thus, while avoiding the loosening or falling off of the gasket, the re-sprayed concrete layer also plays a role in increasing the stress structure of the initial support concrete.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and specifically relates to a gasket installation component, a tunnel waterproof layer installation system, and a tunnel support system. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of tunnel projects, the setting and function of the waterproof layer are crucial. At present, the general method for setting the waterproof layer is to lay a waterproof structure formed by a waterproof board and non-woven fabric (geotextile) between the primary support and the secondary lining at the arch part and the side wall part of the tunnel for waterproofing. The specific construction sequence is as follows: When constructing the non-woven fabric, generally, a concealed nail loop is used to fix the non-woven fabric on the surface of the primary support shotcrete. There are multiple fixing points on the non-woven fabric, and the concealed nail loops at each fixing point are arranged in a plum blossom shape. The spacing between the fixing points at the arch part of the tunnel is 0.5 - 0.8 m, and the spacing between the fixing points at the side wall is 0.8 - 1.0 m. The multiple fixing points are fixed in rows vertically and horizontally. After installation, the non-woven fabric is closely attached to the surface of the shotcrete, and the laying is smooth, without bulges or wrinkles. The longitudinal lap width of the non-woven fabric along the tunnel is not less than 50 mm. After the construction of the non-woven fabric is completed, the waterproof board is constructed. The waterproof board should be laid after the primary support is basically stable and passes the acceptance. When setting the waterproof board in the arch wall area, the waterproof board should be laid to the low side wall; the waterproof board is separated from the non-woven fabric, and the waterproof board is welded to a special hot-melt gasket fixed on the non-woven fabric. The welding should be firm and reliable to avoid the waterproof board falling off during the pouring and vibration of concrete. When fixing the waterproof board, attention should be paid to reasonably determining its relaxation degree and leaving a certain margin, and it should not be pulled too tightly or have large bulges. The laid waterproof board should conform to the unevenness of the base surface, and be natural, flat, and adherent, so as not to affect the size of the concrete poured for the secondary lining or cause the waterproof board to separate from the round gasket.

[0003] Thus, it can be seen that in the current waterproof layer construction process, it is necessary to ensure the welding effect of the waterproof board on the special hot-melt gasket to ensure the consistency between the waterproof board and the non-woven fabric. Therefore, the installation and fixing effect of the hot-melt gasket on the non-woven fabric is also crucial, and its absolute firmness must be ensured. Currently, the commonly used method for installing the hot-melt gasket is the nail shooting installation method. This method mainly uses a special equipment, a nail gun, to shoot nails into the tunnel primary support shotcrete at high speed and with great force. The nail passes through the hot-melt gasket, thereby realizing the fixation of the hot-melt gasket on the tunnel primary support shotcrete.

[0004] During on-site construction, due to various reasons such as the uneven surface of the shotcrete for the primary support of the tunnel and improper operation of the nail gun, the waterproof board becomes loose and falls off during the later construction of the tunnel, and the nails also become loose and fall off from the concrete. Therefore, on-site construction now needs to solve the problem of how to firmly fix the welding washer on the surface of the primary support concrete to ensure the overall quality and safety of the waterproof layer laying construction and the lining construction in the later stage. It should also be emphasized that the nail gun itself is a special tool and mostly uses special bullets for the nail gun, and the construction operation has extremely high safety risks.

[0005] In recent years, there have been many new waterproof board fixing new processes in the industry, including using gaskets made of composite new materials instead of traditional hot-melt gaskets, or replacing hot-melt welding with ultrasonic welding machines, electromagnetic welding machines, etc. However, the above improvement methods only change the fixing method between the waterproof board and the gasket, rather than changing the fixing form of the gasket itself with the shotcrete for the primary support of the tunnel, and cannot solve the problem of the nail becoming loose and falling off from the concrete, which in turn leads to the problem of the insecure installation of the waterproof board. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide a gasket installation component that improves the firmness of gasket installation.

[0007] The second object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel waterproof layer installation system including the above gasket installation component.

[0008] The third object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel support system including the above tunnel waterproof board installation system.

[0009] To achieve the above first object, the gasket installation component provided by the present invention includes a flexible net and a plurality of connecting pieces. A plurality of intersection connection nodes are formed on the flexible net, one connecting piece is correspondingly connected to one intersection connection node, and one connecting piece is used to correspondingly connect one gasket.

[0010] As can be seen from the above solution, according to the technical requirements of the laying and hanging node dimensions, a plurality of intersection connection nodes on the flexible net are set, the flexible net is installed on the primary support of the tunnel, one connecting piece is connected to each intersection connection node, a layer of concrete is re-sprayed on the flexible net, and the exposed end of the connecting piece based on the re-sprayed concrete layer is connected to the gasket. After the flexible net and the connecting piece are fixed by spraying concrete, a waterproof board laying and hanging point embedded in the initial support is formed, solving the problem that the existing hot-melt gasket is not firmly connected and fixed to the initial support, thus avoiding the situation of the gasket loosening or falling off, and further avoiding the situation of the insecure installation of the waterproof board. At the same time, the re-sprayed concrete layer also plays a role in increasing the force-bearing structure of the initial support concrete.

[0011] A further solution is that the connecting piece is a screw, the axial first end of the screw is connected to the intersection connection node, and the axial second end of the screw is threadedly connected to the gasket.

[0012] It can be seen that by means of threaded connection between the screw rod and the gasket, while ensuring the stability of the connection between the screw rod and the gasket, rapid connection between the screw rod and the gasket is achieved, effectively improving work efficiency.

[0013] A further solution is that an annular side plate and connecting columns are arranged on the side wall of the gasket facing the screw rod. The annular side plate is arranged along the circumferential direction of the gasket, the connecting columns are located inside the annular side plate, grooves are arranged on the connecting columns, and threads are arranged in the grooves and are in fit connection with the screw rod.

[0014] It can be seen that the connecting columns are arranged inside the annular side plate to hide the connecting columns used for connection with the screw rod, and the connecting columns are arranged at the center of the gasket to ensure the balance and stability of the gasket installation.

[0015] A further solution is that the gasket installation assembly includes a plurality of fixing fasteners, and one fixing fastener is respectively connected to one intersection connection joint and one connecting piece.

[0016] It can be seen that the fixing fasteners are used to more stably install the connecting piece on the intersection connection joint, avoiding the situation that the connecting piece is displaced relative to the intersection connection joint, resulting in incorrect installation position of the gasket.

[0017] A further solution is that the fixing fastener includes a first buckle plate and a second buckle plate. The intersection connection joint is clamped between the first buckle plate and the second buckle plate, and the first buckle plate is connected to the second buckle plate.

[0018] It can be seen that since the fixing fastener is connected to the connecting piece, when the first buckle plate is connected to the second buckle plate, the intersection connection joint is clamped, avoiding the situation that the fixing fastener is displaced relative to the intersection connection joint, so that the gaskets can be distributed strictly in accordance with the requirements of the waterproof board hanging points.

[0019] A further solution is that at least four connecting strips are radially arranged on the intersection connection joint, at least four connecting blocks are arranged on the first buckle plate, one connecting block is correspondingly arranged between every two adjacent connecting strips, and at least four connecting blocks are respectively connected to the second buckle plate; and / or through holes are arranged on the first buckle plate, and the through holes are arranged opposite to the intersection connection joint.

[0020] It can be seen that, since on the flexible net, each intersection connection node is formed by at least two lines intersecting, therefore, based on the intersection connection node, at least four connecting bars extend radially from the intersection connection node. The first buckle plate and the second buckle plate are respectively located on the front and back sides of the intersection connection node. Each of at least four connecting blocks on the first buckle plate is respectively located between every two adjacent connecting bars, and each connecting block is connected to the second buckle plate. Through the limiting effect of each connecting block, the connection stability between the connecting piece and the intersection connection node is further ensured, and the connecting piece is prevented from shifting relative to the intersection connection node; and the through hole is arranged opposite to the intersection connection node, so that one end of the connecting piece passes through the through hole and is welded to the intersection connection node. The arrangement of the through hole can guide and limit the installation of the connecting piece.

[0021] A further solution is that there are two first connecting blocks and two second connecting blocks arranged on the first buckle plate. The two first connecting blocks are arranged oppositely, the two second connecting blocks are arranged oppositely, and one second connecting block is arranged between the two first connecting blocks. The first connecting block and the second connecting block are respectively in a quasi-sector shape, and the area of the second connecting block is smaller than that of the first connecting block.

[0022] It can be seen that the area of the second connecting block is smaller than that of the first connecting block. When the first connecting block is connected to the third connecting block, interference between them is avoided, and the installation efficiency is improved.

[0023] To achieve the above second object, the tunnel waterproof layer installation system provided by the present invention includes the gasket installation component, geotextile and waterproof board as described above. The connecting piece penetrates through the geotextile, the geotextile is located between the flexible net and the gasket, and the waterproof board is arranged on the side wall of the gasket facing away from the geotextile.

[0024] It can be seen that the flexible net and the connecting piece are installed on the primary support, and the flexible net and the connecting piece are fixed through the shotcrete layer. One end of the connecting piece exposed based on the shotcrete layer penetrates through the geotextile, the gasket is arranged on the geotextile, and the gasket is connected to the connecting piece, so that the geotextile is between the flexible net and the gasket. Then the waterproof board is arranged on the gasket to complete the installation of the waterproof board. By this installation method, the problem that the existing hot-melt gasket is not firmly connected and fixed to the primary support is solved, thereby avoiding the situation of the gasket loosening or falling off, and further avoiding the situation of the waterproof board being not firmly installed. At the same time, the shotcrete layer also plays a role in increasing the stress structure of the primary support concrete.

[0025] To achieve the above third object, the tunnel support system provided by the present invention includes a primary support system, the tunnel waterproof layer installation system as described above, a shotcrete layer and a secondary lining system. The flexible net is arranged on the primary support system, the shotcrete layer is located between the flexible net and the geotextile, and the secondary lining system is located on the side wall of the waterproof board facing away from the gasket.

[0026] It can be seen that according to the technical requirements of the size of the hanging nodes, multiple intersection connection nodes are set on the flexible net, and the flexible net is installed on the primary support of the tunnel. A connecting piece is connected to each intersection connection node, and a layer of concrete is sprayed again on the flexible net. One end of the connecting piece exposed based on the sprayed concrete layer is connected to the gasket. After fixing the flexible net and the connecting piece through the sprayed concrete, a waterproof board hanging point embedded in the primary support is formed, solving the problem that the existing hot-melt gasket is not firmly connected and fixed to the primary support, thereby avoiding the situation of the gasket loosening or falling off, and further avoiding the situation of the waterproof board being not firmly installed. At the same time, the sprayed concrete layer also plays a role in increasing the force-bearing structure of the primary support concrete. After the installation of the waterproof board is completed, the construction of the secondary lining of the tunnel continues.

[0027] A further solution is that the thickness of the sprayed concrete layer is not greater than 4 cm.

[0028] It can be seen that the sprayed concrete layer within this range avoids being too thick and completely covering or wrapping the connecting piece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is the front view of the embodiment of the gasket installation assembly of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the component structure on one intersection connection node in the embodiment of the gasket installation assembly of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the relative position between one intersection connection node and the first buckle plate in the embodiment of the gasket installation assembly of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 is the connection schematic diagram of two second connection blocks and the second buckle plate in the first buckle plate in the embodiment of the gasket installation assembly of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 is the connection schematic diagram of two first connection blocks and the second buckle plate in the first buckle plate in the embodiment of the gasket installation assembly of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of gasket installation in the embodiment of the tunnel waterproof layer installation system of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of concrete re-spraying in the embodiment of the tunnel waterproof layer installation system of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of geotextile installation in the embodiment of the tunnel waterproof layer installation system of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of gasket installation in the embodiment of the tunnel waterproof layer installation system of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the waterproof board in the embodiment of the tunnel waterproof layer installation system of the present invention.

[0039] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Specific embodiments

[0040] The gasket installation component of the present invention is applied to the installation process of the waterproof layer in the tunnel. By installing the flexible net on the primary support, connecting the connecting pieces at each intersection connection node on the flexible net, and then spraying a layer of concrete again, one end of the connecting piece sequentially penetrates through the sprayed concrete layer and the geotextile and is connected to the gasket. Finally, a waterproof board is arranged on the gasket. In this way, the flexible net and the connecting piece are buried and fixed by the sprayed concrete, while solving the problem that the existing hot-melt gasket is not firmly connected and fixed to the primary support, and also playing a role in increasing the stress structure of the primary support concrete.

[0041] See Figure 1 , the gasket installation component 1 includes a flexible net 2, a plurality of fixing fasteners 3 and a plurality of connecting pieces 4. A plurality of intersection connection nodes 21 are formed on the flexible net 2. One fixing fastener 3 is correspondingly fixed on one intersection connection node 21, one connecting piece 4 is correspondingly connected to one fixing fastener 3, and one connecting piece 4 is correspondingly used to connect one hot-melt gasket.

[0042] In this embodiment, the flexible net 2 is a diamond-shaped wire mesh. The nodes of the diamond-shaped wire mesh are set according to the technical requirements of the waterproof board hanging node size. In this embodiment, along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, the distance between every two adjacent intersection connection nodes 21 is 30 mm to 8 cm; along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the distance between every two adjacent intersection connection nodes 21 is 30 mm to 8 cm.

[0043] One fixing fastener 3 is arranged on one intersection connection node 21. The fixing fastener 3 is used as an intermediate connection member between the flexible net 2 and the connecting piece 4 to improve the connection stability between the intersection connection node 21 and the connecting piece 4. See Figure 2 And Figure 4 , the fixing fastener 3 includes a first buckle plate 31 and a second buckle plate 32. The intersection connection node 21 is clamped between the first buckle plate 31 and the second buckle plate 32. The first buckle plate 31 is connected to the second buckle plate 32. The connection method of the first buckle plate 31 and the second buckle plate 32 can be welding. Since the fixing fastener 3 is connected to the connecting piece 4, when the first buckle plate 31 and the second buckle plate 32 are connected, the intersection connection node 21 is clamped, avoiding the situation that the fixing fastener 3 is offset relative to the intersection connection node 21, so that the gaskets can be distributed strictly according to the waterproof board hanging point requirements.

[0044] To further improve the stability of the fixing of the fixing fastener 3 to the intersecting connecting joint 21, the setting structure of the fixing fastener 3 is adapted to the structure of the intersecting connecting joint 21. Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , by bending and cross-connecting two iron wires, four iron wire connecting strips 22 are radially arranged on one intersecting connecting joint 21. Four connecting blocks 33 are arranged on the first buckle plate 31, and one connecting block 33 is correspondingly arranged between every two adjacent iron wire connecting strips 22, and the four connecting blocks 33 are respectively connected to the second buckle plate 32. In this embodiment, the four connecting blocks 33 respectively include two first connecting blocks 331 and two second connecting blocks 332. The two first connecting blocks 331 are arranged oppositely, and the two second connecting blocks 332 are arranged oppositely, so that one second connecting block 332 is arranged between the two first connecting blocks 331. In this embodiment, the connection part on the first buckle plate 31 corresponding to the position between the first connecting block 331 and the second connecting block 332 is arc-shaped, and this arc-shaped connection part matches the shape of the iron wire, so that the connection between the first buckle plate 31 and the flexible net 2 is tight.

[0045] The first connecting block 331 and the second connecting block 332 are respectively fan-shaped. The side walls of the first connecting block 331 and the second connecting block 332 close to the iron wire are respectively parallel to the extending direction of the iron wire, and arc-shaped edges are respectively convexly arranged on the first connecting block 331 and the second connecting block 332 in the direction away from the intersecting connecting joint 21, so that the areas of the first connecting block 331 and the second connecting block 332 are increased, thereby increasing the area where the first buckle plate 31 and the second buckle plate 32 can be connected. After the first buckle plate 31 and the second buckle plate 32 are connected, through the limiting action of each connecting block 33, the connection stability between the connecting piece 4 and the intersecting connecting joint 21 is further ensured, the connecting piece 4 is prevented from shifting relative to the intersecting connecting joint 21, and the welding effect between the first buckle plate 31 and the second buckle plate 32 is better realized. In this embodiment, the area of the second connecting block 332 is smaller than the area of the first connecting block 331, which avoids interference between them during the welding process and improves the installation efficiency.

[0046] The second buckle plate 32 is rectangular, and the four corners of the second buckle plate 32 corresponding to the four iron wire connecting strips 22 are straight chamfers. When connecting the first buckle plate 31 and the second buckle plate 32, refer to Figure 4 , first fold the two second connecting blocks 332 and weld them on the side wall of the second buckle plate 32 facing away from the intersecting connecting joint 21; refer to Figure 5 , then fold the two first connecting blocks 331 and weld them on the side wall of the second buckle plate 32 facing away from the intersecting connecting joint 21.

[0047] The first buckle plate 31 is provided with a through hole 34, which corresponds to the bending and cross-connection point of two iron wires at the intersection connection section 21. When the fixing fastener 3 is connected to the connecting member 4, one end of the connecting member 4 penetrates through the through hole 34 and is respectively connected to the two iron wires to ensure the installation stability of the connecting member 4 on the fixing fastener 3.

[0048] In this embodiment, the connecting member 4 is a screw 4. The first axial end of the screw 4 is connected to the fixing fastener 3, and the second axial end of the screw 4 is connected to the gasket. See Figure 8 , on the side wall of the gasket 5 facing the screw 4, an annular side plate 51 and a connecting column 52 are provided. The annular side plate 51 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the gasket 5. The connecting column 52 is located inside the annular side plate 51. A groove 521 is provided on the connecting column 52, and a thread is provided in the groove 521, and the thread is in threaded connection with the screw 4. By threading the screw 4 and the gasket 5, while ensuring the connection stability between the screw 4 and the gasket 5, the rapid connection between the screw 4 and the gasket 5 is realized, effectively improving the working efficiency; the connecting column 52 is arranged inside the annular side plate 51 to hide the connecting column 52 used for connecting with the screw 4, and the connecting column 52 is arranged at the center of the gasket 5 to ensure the balance and stability of the gasket installation.

[0049] The tunnel waterproof layer installation system of the present invention includes the above-mentioned gasket installation assembly 1, geotextile 63 and waterproof board 64. The connecting member 4 penetrates through the geotextile 63. The geotextile 63 is located between the flexible net 2 and the gasket 5, and the waterproof board 64 is arranged on the side wall of the gasket 5 facing away from the geotextile 63.

[0050] The tunnel support system of the present invention includes a primary support system, the tunnel waterproof layer installation system as described above, a re-sprayed concrete layer 62 and a secondary lining system. The flexible net 2 is arranged on the primary support system. The re-sprayed concrete layer 62 is located between the flexible net 2 and the geotextile 63, and the secondary lining system is located on the side wall of the waterproof board 64 facing away from the gasket.

[0051] See Figure 6 , for the construction method of the tunnel support system of the present invention, the initial support work of the tunnel is first carried out. The construction sequence of the initial support of the tunnel is: after initially spraying concrete on the tunnel surrounding rock 6, the primary support steel arch 61 is set. The construction of the waterproof layer installation system is carried out on the primary support steel arch.

[0052] The construction method of the tunnel waterproof layer installation system includes successively performing the steps of installing the gasket installation assembly, re-spraying concrete, installing the geotextile, installing the gasket, and installing the waterproof board:

[0053] The specific steps of installing the gasket installation assembly are:

[0054] See Figure 6, the flexible net 2 in the gasket installation assembly 1 is hung and installed on the initial support of the tunnel. The contact points between the flexible net 2 and the steel arch 61 and connecting bars of the initial support are welded by spot welding, so that the flexible net 2 is firmly hung circumferentially on the initial support.

[0055] Since a plurality of intersection connection nodes 21 are formed on the flexible net 2, each intersection connection node 21 is respectively connected with a fixing fastener 3, and each fixing fastener 3 is connected with a screw rod 4. At this time, a protective film 41 is wrapped on the axial second end of the screw rod 4 for connecting the gasket 5. The protective film 41 protects the end of the connecting piece 3 connecting the gasket, preventing concrete from adhering to the end of the connecting piece 3 connecting the gasket. After the concrete is sprayed again, the protective film 41 is removed to facilitate the connection between the connecting piece 3 and the gasket.

[0056] The specific steps of spraying concrete again are as follows:

[0057] See Figure 7 , spray concrete on the flexible net 2 to form a layer of re-sprayed concrete layer 62. The re-sprayed concrete layer completely covers the flexible net 2, the fixing fastener 3 and the axial first end of the screw rod 4. The axial second end of the screw rod 4 penetrates the re-sprayed concrete layer 62, so that the axial second end of the screw rod 4 protrudes based on the re-sprayed concrete layer 62.

[0058] Among them, the thickness of the re-sprayed concrete layer 62 is not more than 4 cm. In this range, the re-sprayed concrete layer 62 avoids being too thick and causing the screw rod 4 to be completely covered or wrapped, and the re-sprayed concrete layer 62 is overall smooth.

[0059] The specific steps of installing the geotextile are as follows:

[0060] When the initial support of the tunnel forms a ring and the overall construction of the tunnel invert section and filling section is completed and the conditions for constructing the waterproof layer are met, the waterproof material construction bench can be used to manually check the axial second end of the exposed screw rod 4 in the waterproof board hanging area, and remove the protective film 41 on its end head to prepare for the geotextile installation step.

[0061] See Figure 8 , lay the geotextile 63 on the re-sprayed concrete layer 62. As the geotextile 63 is gradually laid, a small opening can be cut on the geotextile 63 at the position corresponding to the second end of the screw rod 4, so that the axial second end of the screw rod 4 exposed based on the re-sprayed concrete layer 62 penetrates through the small opening, facilitating the axial second end of the screw rod 4 to penetrate through the geotextile 63.

[0062] The specific steps of installing the gasket are as follows:

[0063] See Figure 9, the installation of the gasket 5 can be gradually carried out along with the laying of the geotextile 63. After a small opening is made in the geotextile 63 manually, the second axial end of the screw 4 penetrates through this small opening and is immediately connected to the gasket 5, and the hot-melt gasket 5 is rotated until it is firmly installed.

[0064] The installation steps of the waterproof board are specifically as follows:

[0065] See Figure 10 , after all the hot-melt gaskets 5 are installed, the waterproof board 64 can be constructed and hung according to the existing construction techniques and technical requirements, etc.

[0066] After the installation of the waterproof board 64 along a certain length in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is completed, when installing the next version of the waterproof board, the laying position of the next version of the flexible net 2 can be determined according to the exposed position of the second axial end of the screw 4 on the intersection connection node 21 of the previous version of the flexible net 2; along the circumference of the tunnel, the intersection connection nodes 21 on the next version of the flexible net 2 can be arranged staggered with the intersection connection nodes 21 on the previous version of the flexible net 2.

[0067] According to the technical requirements of the laying node dimensions, a plurality of intersection connection nodes 21 are set on the flexible net 2, and the flexible net 2 is installed on the primary support of the tunnel. A connecting piece 4 is connected to each intersection connection node 21. A layer of concrete is sprayed again on the flexible net 2. One end of the connecting piece 4 exposed based on the sprayed concrete layer 62 is connected to the gasket 5. After the flexible net 2 and the connecting piece 4 are fixed by spraying concrete, a waterproof board hanging point embedded in the primary support is formed, solving the problem that the existing hot-melt gasket is not firmly connected and fixed to the primary support, thus avoiding the situation of gasket loosening or falling off, and further avoiding the situation of the waterproof board being not firmly installed. At the same time, the sprayed concrete layer 62 also plays a role in increasing the force-bearing structure of the primary support concrete. The connection form of the flexible net 2, the fixed fastener 3 and the connecting piece 4 is adopted in the gasket installation assembly 1, effectively solving the problem of the standardization of the laying node spacing, making the overall laying construction operation convenient and fast. The screw 4 and the gasket 5 are connected by threads, making the installation operation of the gasket 5 simpler, faster and more firm. Through this tunnel waterproof layer construction method, the construction quality of the tunnel waterproof layer is greatly guaranteed, and further the comprehensive quality of the tunnel lining construction is improved, and the on-site implementation effect is remarkable.

[0068] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Gasket installation component, characterized in that: The invention comprises a flexible net and a plurality of connectors, wherein a plurality of intersection connection nodes are formed on the flexible net, one of the intersection connection nodes is correspondingly connected to one of the connectors, and one of the connectors is used to be correspondingly connected to one of the gaskets, the flexible net is installed on the primary support of the tunnel, a layer of concrete is sprayed on the flexible net, the connector is connected to the gasket based on an end exposed from the sprayed concrete layer, and the flexible net and the connector are fixed by spraying concrete; The connecting member is a screw, the first axial end of the screw is connected to the intersection connection joint, and the second axial end of the screw is threadedly connected to the gasket; An annular side plate and a connecting column are arranged on the side wall of the gasket facing the screw rod. The annular side plate is arranged along the circumference of the gasket. The connecting column is located in the annular side plate. A groove is arranged on the connecting column. A thread is arranged in the groove. The thread is matched and connected with the screw rod.

2. The gasket mounting assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasket installation assembly includes a plurality of fixing fasteners, and each of the fixing fasteners is connected to one of the intersection connection joints and one of the connection members respectively.

3. The gasket mounting assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing fastener comprises a first gusset plate and a second gusset plate, the intersection connection section is clamped between the first gusset plate and the second gusset plate, and the first gusset plate is connected to the second gusset plate.

4. The gasket mounting assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least four connecting strips are radially arranged on the intersection connection node, at least four connecting blocks are arranged on the first gusset plate, one connecting block is correspondingly arranged between every two adjacent connecting strips, and at least four connecting blocks are respectively connected to the second gusset plate; And / or a through hole is provided on the first gusset plate, and the through hole is arranged opposite to the intersection connection node.

5. The gasket mounting assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two first connecting blocks and two second connecting blocks are arranged on the first gusset plate, the two first connecting blocks are arranged opposite to each other, the two second connecting blocks are arranged opposite to each other, and one second connecting block is arranged between the two first connecting blocks. The first connecting block and the second connecting block are respectively fan-shaped, and the area of ​​the second connecting block is smaller than that of the first connecting block.

6. Tunnel waterproof layer installation system, characterized in that: It comprises the gasket installation assembly, geotextile and waterproof board as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, the connecting piece passes through the geotextile, the geotextile is located between the flexible net and the gasket, and the waterproof board is arranged on the side wall of the gasket away from the geotextile.

7. Tunnel support system, characterized in that: It comprises a primary support system, a tunnel waterproofing layer installation system as claimed in claim 6, a re-sprayed concrete layer and a secondary lining system, wherein the flexible net is arranged on the primary support system, the re-sprayed concrete layer is located between the flexible net and the geotextile, and the secondary lining system is located on the side wall of the waterproof board away from the gasket.

8. The tunnel support system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the sprayed concrete layer is not more than 4 cm.

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