Burner and water heater

Abstract

The present invention relates to a burner and a water heater. It comprises a combustion shell and a gas distributor, wherein a mixing box is arranged in the combustion shell, wherein a concentrated gas chamber and a lean gas chamber are arranged in the mixing box, and a concentrated gas hole and a lean gas hole are arranged on the side wall of the mixing box, wherein the lean gas hole is connected to the lean gas chamber, and the concentrated gas hole is connected to the concentrated gas chamber; the nozzle on the gas distributor corresponds to the lean gas hole and the concentrated gas hole; the air induction device introduces air into the lean gas hole and the concentrated gas hole respectively, and forms a lean combustion mixed gas and a concentrated combustion mixed gas with the gas ejected from the nozzle; a secondary combustion adapter is arranged on the mixing box, and the secondary combustion adapter distributes the concentrated combustion mixed gas and the lean combustion mixed gas, and forms concentrated combustion and lean combustion after ignition. The present application improves the flame transmission speed and avoids the occurrence of flame transmission explosion; the total air coefficient is controlled at 1.1 to 1.2, which ensures the condensation effect and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a burner and a water heater, in particular to a thick-thin burner and a water heater capable of reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in combustion products. Background Art

[0002] At present, when the air coefficient is too low, that is, insufficient air, it is called oxygen-lean combustion, and the gas is not fully burned, which easily causes the CO content in the combustion products to increase; when the air coefficient is high, that is, excessive air, it is called oxygen-rich combustion, and the gas can be fully burned, the flame temperature is high, but it is easy to cause the NOx content in the combustion products to increase. It can be seen that an air coefficient that is too high or too low is not conducive to the safety of combustion.

[0003] As an effective combustion technology that can significantly reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides in combustion products, the rich-lean combustion method has been valued by major gas appliance manufacturers. A rich-lean burner is a hybrid burner that combines rich combustion and lean combustion. The air coefficient of lean combustion is high, the gas is insufficient, and the flame is short; the air coefficient of rich combustion is low, the air is insufficient, and the flame is elongated. Rich-lean combustion technology is most widely used in gas appliances such as gas water heaters.

[0004] At present, the idea of ​​rich-lean burners is mostly to design a gas path for rich combustion and a gas path for lean combustion on the fire grate structure of the burner, and then lead the two gas paths to the rich-lean fire holes to achieve rich-lean mixed combustion. There are many such designs. Such designs often make the structure of the fire grate complicated, increasing the design and production costs of the burner. The air coefficient of the fire grate burner is difficult to control, resulting in unstable combustion of the burner and prone to deflagration. When a certain fire grate cannot transfer fire normally, the burner's fire transfer effect is poor, and thus it cannot meet international fire transfer standards. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a burner and a water heater for the above-mentioned prior art, which have a simple structure, good fire transfer effect, and eliminate the occurrence of fire transfer deflagration and ignition deflagration; the total air coefficient is controlled at about 1.1 to 1.2, which is equivalent to full prefabricated mixed combustion, ensuring the condensation effect; and reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in the combustion products.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problem is: a burner includes a combustion shell and a gas distributor, the combustion shell is provided with a mixing box, the mixing box has a rich gas chamber and a lean gas chamber, and the rich gas chamber is arranged at the outer periphery of the lean gas chamber, the side wall of the mixing box is provided with a rich gas hole and a lean gas hole, the lean gas hole is connected with the lean gas chamber, and the rich gas hole is connected with the rich gas chamber; the nozzle on the gas distributor corresponds to the lean gas hole and the rich gas hole; the induced draft device introduces air into the lean gas hole and the rich gas hole respectively, and forms a lean combustion mixed gas and a rich combustion mixed gas with the gas ejected from the nozzle; the mixing box is provided with a secondary combustion adapter, the secondary combustion adapter distributes the rich combustion mixed gas and the lean combustion mixed gas, and forms rich combustion and lean combustion after ignition, and the excess gas in the rich combustion is mixed with the excess air in the lean combustion again to form secondary combustion.

[0007] The secondary combustion adapter includes a cover plate, a distribution unit and a fire hole plate arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and a cover plate rich combustion hole unit and a cover plate light combustion hole unit are provided on the cover plate; a plurality of cover plate light combustion hole units are provided and arranged in an array; the cover plate light combustion hole unit includes a plurality of cover plate light combustion holes arranged in an array, and the cover plate rich combustion hole unit includes a plurality of cover plate rich combustion holes arranged at horizontal intervals.

[0008] The distribution unit comprises a lower distribution unit and an upper distribution unit, which are arranged in a vertically aligned manner;

[0009] The lower distribution unit comprises a lower distribution plate, on which lower distribution light combustion hole units arranged in an array are provided, and lower distribution rich combustion hole units are arranged around the lower distribution light combustion hole units, and the lower distribution light combustion hole units and the lower distribution rich combustion hole units are separated by lower fences, and the gaps between adjacent lower fences are lower rich combustion channels;

[0010] The lower distribution unit comprises a lower distribution plate, an upper distribution plate is provided with an array of upper distribution light combustion hole units, an upper distribution concentrated combustion hole unit is arranged around the upper distribution light combustion hole unit, the upper distribution light combustion hole unit and the upper distribution concentrated combustion hole unit are separated by an upper fence, an upper frame is arranged on the upper distribution plate, and the upper frame is arranged outside the upper distribution concentrated combustion hole unit;

[0011] The fire hole plate is provided with a concentrated combustion fire hole unit and a plurality of light combustion fire hole units arranged in an array; the light combustion mixed gas is distributed in sequence through the cover plate light combustion hole unit, the lower distribution light combustion hole unit and the upper distribution light combustion hole unit, and then flows out from the light combustion fire hole unit; the concentrated combustion mixed gas is distributed in sequence through the cover plate concentrated combustion hole unit, the lower distribution concentrated combustion hole unit and the upper distribution concentrated combustion hole unit, and then flows out from the concentrated combustion fire hole unit.

[0012] The lower concentrated combustion channel includes mutually staggered transverse lower concentrated combustion channels and longitudinal lower concentrated combustion channels. The transverse lower concentrated combustion channel is provided with a plurality of transverse baffles spaced apart along the length direction, and the longitudinal lower concentrated combustion channel is provided with a plurality of longitudinal baffles spaced apart along the width direction.

[0013] The heights of the transverse baffles and the longitudinal baffles are lower than the height of the lower fence.

[0014] There are multiple light gas cavities, which are arranged in parallel. Any light gas cavity corresponds to multiple light gas holes. A rich gas hole is provided between adjacent light gas cavities. A first diverter plate is provided in the rich gas cavity. The first diverter plate is symmetrically arranged between adjacent rich gas holes. Second rich gas diverter plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first diverter plate.

[0015] The second diverter plate is higher than the first diverter plate.

[0016] The gas distributor comprises a plurality of nozzles, the plurality of nozzles are grouped, each group of nozzles is connected to a corresponding gas channel, and controls whether the gas channel is fed with gas, thereby realizing whether the nozzle sprays gas.

[0017] The gas channel includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel is provided with a first nozzle group, and the first nozzle group corresponds to the rich gas holes. The second gas channel is provided with a second nozzle group, and the second nozzle corresponds to some of the light gas holes. The first gas channel is provided with a third gas channel, and the third gas channel is provided with a third nozzle group, and the third nozzle group corresponds to the remaining light gas holes.

[0018] The mixing box side wall is provided with a plurality of air holes, an air regulating plate is arranged on the mixing box side wall, a plurality of air regulating holes are provided on the air regulating plate, the air regulating holes correspond to the air holes one by one, and the apertures of the plurality of air regulating holes are different, so as to form rich gas holes and lean gas holes.

[0019] The edge of the mixing box is provided with a cooling channel and a concentrated combustion air supply channel. The air induction device introduces air into the cooling channel to cool the shell of the water heater. The concentrated combustion air supply channel is close to the concentrated combustion gas cavity to supply air to the concentrated combustion gas cavity.

[0020] The air inducing device is a fan, and the fan is arranged at the bottom of the combustion shell; or the air supply device is an exhaust fan, and the exhaust fan is arranged above the combustion shell.

[0021] A water heater comprises a shell, a burner, an air induction device and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger and the burner are installed inside the shell, and the burner adopts the burner described above.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: a burner that can obtain multiple gears by controlling whether gas is passed into each gas channel, and has a wide range of applications. The secondary combustion of rich combustion and lean combustion can reduce the combustion temperature, so that the nitrogen oxide content in the combustion products is reduced. The present application first ignites the rich combustion mixed gas to form a rich combustion. Through the design of the secondary combustion adapter, the rich combustion is surrounded by a lean combustion chamber. When the lean combustion chamber is passed with gas, the rich combustion surrounded by the lean combustion hole unit immediately ignites the lean combustion mixed gas, which improves the fire transfer speed and fire transfer effect, and avoids the occurrence of fire transfer deflagration and ignition deflagration during ignition. The total air coefficient in the present application is controlled at about 1.1 to 1.2, which is equivalent to full prefabricated mixed combustion, ensuring the condensation effect and energy saving and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Three-dimensional diagram of the mixing box;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA view in;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the middle air adjustment plate;

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 3D schematic diagram of the intermediate mixing box and secondary combustion adapter;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle cover;

[0030] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lower distribution unit;

[0031] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A top view of

[0032] Fig.10 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the upper distribution unit;

[0033] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A top view of

[0034] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a gas distributor;

[0035] Fig.13 is a cross-sectional view of a combustion distributor;

[0036] Fig.14 Provide a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger, burner and fan assembly;

[0037] Fig.15 Assemble schematic diagrams for heat exchangers, burners, and exhaust fans;

[0038] In the figure, 1 combustion shell, 2 mixing box, 2.1 light gas hole, 2.2 rich gas hole, 2.3 rich gas cavity, 2.4 light gas cavity, 2.5 first splitter plate, 2.6 second splitter plate, 2.7 rich combustion air supply hole, 2.8 cooling hole, 3 lower distribution unit, 3.1 lower distribution plate, 3.2 lower distribution rich combustion hole, 3.3 lower fence, 3.4 lower distribution light combustion hole, 3.5 horizontal baffle, 3.6 longitudinal baffle, 4 gas distributor, 4.1 first gas inlet, 4.2 second gas inlet, 4 .3 second gas channel, 4.4 first gas channel, 4.5 third gas channel, 4.6 solenoid valve, 4.7 nozzle, 5 igniter, 6 detection needle, 7 air adjustment plate, 7.1 air adjustment hole, 8 cover plate, 8.1 cover plate light combustion hole, 8.2 cover plate rich combustion hole, 9 upper distribution unit, 9.1 upper distribution plate, 9.2 upper distribution rich combustion hole, 9.3 upper fence, 9.4 upper distribution light combustion hole, 9.5 upper frame, 10 fan, 11 fire hole plate, 12 heat exchanger, 13 exhaust fan, 14 combustion cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a burner and water heater in this embodiment include a combustion shell 1 and a gas distributor 4. A mixing box 2 is arranged in the combustion shell 1. The mixing box 2 has a concentrated gas chamber 2.3 and a lean gas chamber 3.4, and the concentrated gas chamber 2.3 is arranged on the periphery of the lean gas chamber 2.4. A concentrated gas hole 2.2 and a lean gas hole 2.1 are arranged on the side wall of the mixing box 2. The lean gas hole 2.1 and the lean gas chamber 2.4 are connected, and the concentrated gas hole 2.2 is connected with the concentrated gas chamber 2.3. The nozzle 4.7 on the gas distributor 4 corresponds to the lean gas hole 2.1 and the concentrated gas hole 2.2; the air induction device introduces air into the lean gas hole 2.1 and the concentrated gas hole 2.2 respectively, and forms a lean combustion mixed gas and a rich combustion mixed gas with the gas ejected from the nozzle 4.7. A secondary combustion adapter is arranged on the mixing box 2. The secondary combustion adapter distributes the concentrated combustion mixed gas and the lean combustion mixed gas, and forms concentrated combustion and lean combustion after ignition. The excess gas in the concentrated combustion is mixed with the excess air in the lean combustion again to form a secondary combustion.

[0041] The above-mentioned air induction device is a fan 10, which is arranged at the bottom of the combustion shell 1; or it is an exhaust fan 13; the exhaust fan 13 is arranged above the combustion shell 1.

[0042] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, there are three light gas chambers 2.4, which are arranged in parallel. Each light gas chamber 2.4 is connected to two light gas holes 2.1, that is, six light gas holes 2.1 are provided on the mixing box 2. Two rich gas holes 2.2 are provided, and the two light gas holes 2.1 form a light gas hole group, and the rich gas holes 2.2 are arranged between adjacent light gas hole groups. A first diverter plate 2.5 is provided in the rich gas chamber 2.3, so that the two rich gas holes 2.2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first diverter plate 2.5. Second diverter plates 2.6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first diverter plate 2.5, and the height of the second diverter plate 2.6 is higher than the first diverter plate 2.5.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, eight air holes with the same diameter are provided on the side wall of the mixing box 2, and an air regulating plate 7 is arranged on the side wall of the mixing box 2. Eight air regulating holes 7.1 are respectively provided on the air regulating plate 7. The air regulating holes 7.1 correspond to the air holes one by one, and the diameter of each air regulating hole 7.1 is different from the box ventilation, thereby forming six light gas holes 2.1 and two rich gas holes 2.2.

[0044] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the secondary combustion adapter includes a cover plate 8, a distribution unit and a fire hole plate 11 arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and a cover plate rich combustion hole unit and a cover plate light combustion hole unit are provided on the cover plate 8. There are multiple cover plate light combustion hole units, and the multiple cover plate light combustion hole units are arranged in an array. The multiple cover plate light combustion hole units arranged longitudinally form a group, and two adjacent groups of cover plate light combustion hole units correspond to a light combustion gas cavity 2.4. Any cover plate light combustion hole unit includes a plurality of cover plate light combustion holes 8.1 arranged in an array, and the cover plate light combustion hole 8.1 corresponds to the light combustion gas cavity 2.4. The cover plate rich combustion hole unit includes a plurality of cover plate rich combustion holes 8.2 arranged horizontally at intervals, and the cover plate rich combustion holes 8.2 correspond to the rich combustion gas cavity 2.3.

[0045] like Figure 8 , 9As shown, the distribution unit includes a lower distribution unit 3 and an upper distribution unit 4, which are arranged in an upper and lower manner. The lower distribution unit 3 includes a lower distribution plate 3.1, on which an array of lower distribution light combustion hole units are arranged, and lower distribution plate rich combustion hole units are arranged around the lower distribution light combustion hole units. The lower distribution light combustion hole units and the lower distribution plate rich combustion hole units are separated by a lower fence 3.3, and the gap between adjacent lower fences 3.3 is a lower distribution rich combustion channel. The lower distribution rich combustion channel includes mutually staggered transverse lower rich combustion channels and longitudinal lower rich combustion channels, and a plurality of transverse baffles arranged at intervals along the length direction are arranged in the transverse lower rich combustion channel, and a plurality of longitudinal baffles arranged at intervals along the width direction are arranged in the longitudinal lower rich combustion channel, and the heights of the transverse baffles and the longitudinal baffles are lower than the height of the lower fence. The longitudinal baffles divert part of the rich combustion mixed gas in the longitudinal lower rich combustion channel to the staggered transverse lower rich combustion channel.

[0046] The lower distribution plate lean combustion hole unit comprises lower distribution plate lean combustion holes 3.4 arranged in an array, and the lower distribution plate rich combustion hole unit comprises a plurality of lower distribution plate rich combustion holes 3.2.

[0047] like Fig.10 , 11 As shown, the upper distribution unit 9 includes an upper distribution plate 9.1, on which upper distribution plate 9.1 is provided with upper distribution light combustion hole units arranged in an array, and upper distribution plate concentrated combustion hole units are arranged around the upper distribution light combustion hole units, and the upper distribution light combustion hole units and the upper distribution plate concentrated combustion hole units are separated by an upper fence 9.3. An upper frame 9.5 is arranged on the upper distribution plate 9.1, and the upper frame 9.5 is arranged on the outside of the upper distribution concentrated combustion hole unit. A fire hole plate 11 is arranged on the upper distribution plate 9.1, and a concentrated combustion fire hole unit and a plurality of light combustion fire hole units arranged in an array are arranged on the fire hole plate 11. The light combustion mixed gas is distributed in sequence through the cover plate light combustion hole unit, the lower distribution light combustion hole unit and the upper distribution light combustion hole unit, and then flows out from the light combustion fire hole unit. The concentrated combustion mixed gas is distributed in sequence through the cover plate concentrated combustion hole unit, the lower distribution plate concentrated combustion hole unit and the upper distribution plate concentrated combustion hole unit, and then flows out from the concentrated combustion fire hole unit.

[0048] The upper distribution plate lean combustion hole unit comprises upper distribution plate lean combustion holes 9.4 arranged in an array, and the lower distribution plate rich combustion hole unit comprises a plurality of lower distribution plate rich combustion holes 9.2.

[0049] like Fig.12 , 13 As shown, the gas distributor 4 includes a plurality of nozzles 4.7, which are grouped, and each group of nozzles 4.7 is connected to a corresponding gas channel, and the conduction or closure of each gas channel is controlled to realize whether the nozzle connected to the corresponding gas channel sprays gas, thereby controlling the combustion chamber.

[0050] In this embodiment, the gas channel includes a first gas channel 4.4, a second gas channel 4.3 and a third gas channel 4.5. The gas distributor 4 is provided with a first gas inlet 4.1 and a second gas inlet 4.2. The first gas inlet 4.1 is connected to the first gas channel 4.4, and the second gas inlet 4.2 is connected to the second gas channel 4.3. The first gas channel 4.4 is provided with two nozzles, and the two nozzles correspond to the two concentrated gas holes 2.2, so that the gas is sprayed into the concentrated gas cavity. The second gas channel 4.3 is provided with four nozzles 4.7, and the four nozzles are a group of two corresponding to the four light gas holes 2.1, so that the gas is sprayed into the corresponding two light gas cavities. The third gas channel 4.5 is a branch of the first gas channel 4.4. The third gas channel 4.5 is provided with two nozzles, and the two nozzles correspond to the two light gas holes, so that the gas is sprayed into another light gas cavity. The third gas channel is provided with a solenoid valve 4.6. When the solenoid valve 4.6 is opened, the third gas channel 4.5 is connected to the first gas channel 4.4, and the nozzle in the third gas channel can spray gas. When the solenoid valve is closed, the third gas channel is not connected to the first gas channel, and the corresponding nozzle cannot spray gas. Through the cooperation of the first gas inlet, the second gas inlet and the solenoid valve, the combustion sequence of the rich gas chamber and the three light gas chambers can be controlled to achieve multi-level combustion firepower.

[0051] The draft device introduces air into the concentrated gas chamber and three lean gas chambers through the concentrated gas hole 2.2 and the lean gas hole 2.1. The air in the concentrated gas chamber is less than the air in the lean gas chamber. The first fire power gear: first, the first gas inlet introduces gas, and the solenoid valve is closed, so that the first gas channel introduces gas, and the third gas channel does not introduce gas. The gas in the first gas channel is sprayed into the concentrated gas chamber through the corresponding nozzle and mixed with air to form a concentrated combustion mixed gas. The concentrated combustion mixed gas flows out after being distributed by the secondary combustion adapter, and the igniter ignites and burns to form concentrated combustion; then, the second gas inlet introduces gas, so that the gas passes through the second gas channel and then is sprayed into the two lean gas chambers through the corresponding nozzle and mixed with the air inside, forming two-chamber lean combustion mixed gas. The two-chamber lean combustion mixed gas flows out after being distributed by the secondary combustion adapter, and the concentrated combustion ignites the lean combustion mixed gas, so that the lean combustion mixed gas corresponding to the two lean gas chambers is ignited to form lean combustion, and the excess gas in the concentrated combustion is mixed with the excess air in the lean combustion again to form secondary combustion.

[0052] The second firepower gear: first, gas is introduced into the first gas inlet and the solenoid valve is closed, so that gas is introduced into the first gas channel, and no gas is introduced into the third gas channel. The gas in the first gas channel is sprayed into the rich gas chamber through the corresponding nozzle and mixed with air to form a rich combustion mixed gas. The rich combustion mixed gas is distributed by the secondary combustion adapter and then flows out. The igniter ignites and burns to form a rich combustion; then, gas is introduced into the second gas inlet and the solenoid valve is opened, so that the gas flows into the second gas channel gas. The first gas channel diverts the gas to the third gas channel, and the gas in the second and third gas channels is sprayed into the three-cavity light combustion chamber through the corresponding nozzle and mixed with the air inside thereof to form a three-cavity light combustion mixed gas. The three-cavity light combustion mixed gas is distributed by the secondary combustion adapter and then flows out. The rich combustion and light combustion mixed gases are ignited, so that the light combustion mixed gases corresponding to the three-cavity light combustion chambers are ignited and then lightly burned, and the excess gas in the rich combustion is mixed with the excess air in the light combustion again to form a secondary combustion.

[0053] The third firepower gear: gas is introduced into the first gas inlet and the solenoid valve is closed, so that gas is introduced into the first gas channel, and no gas is introduced into the third gas channel, and the gas in the first gas channel is sprayed into the rich gas chamber through the corresponding nozzle and mixed with air to form a rich combustion mixed gas, which is distributed by the secondary combustion adapter and then flows out, and the igniter ignites and burns to form a rich combustion; the solenoid valve is then opened, so that the first gas channel diverts the gas to the third gas channel, and the gas in the third gas channel is sprayed into the corresponding light gas chamber through the corresponding nozzle and mixed with the air inside it to form a chamber of light combustion mixed gas, which is distributed by the secondary combustion adapter and then flows out, and the rich combustion ignites the light combustion mixed gas, so that the light combustion mixed gas corresponding to the light combustion chamber is ignited to form a light combustion, and the excess gas in the rich combustion is mixed with the excess air in the light combustion again to form a secondary combustion.

[0054] A variety of gears can be obtained through the above method, which is widely applicable. Any kind of rich combustion and lean combustion can produce secondary combustion, which can reduce the combustion temperature and reduce the nitrogen oxide content in the combustion products. The present application first ignites the rich combustion mixed gas to form a rich combustion. Through the design of the secondary combustion adapter, the rich combustion is surrounded by a lean combustion gas chamber. When the lean combustion gas chamber is introduced into the lean combustion gas chamber, the rich combustion surrounded by the lean combustion hole unit immediately ignites the lean combustion mixed gas, which improves the flame transfer speed and effect, and avoids the occurrence of flame transfer deflagration and ignition deflagration during ignition. The total air coefficient in the present application is controlled at about 1.1 to 1.2, which is equivalent to full prefabricated mixed combustion. The combustion flame is low and the combustion chamber does not need to be too high, which makes the combustion shell small in size, saves materials, ensures the condensation effect, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0055] like Figure 7The edge of the mixing box 2 is provided with a cooling channel and a concentrated combustion air supply channel, the cooling channel includes a plurality of cooling holes 2.8 arranged at intervals, and the air induction device guides air to the cooling channel to cool the four sides of the shell of the water heater. The concentrated combustion air supply channel includes a plurality of concentrated combustion air supply holes arranged at intervals, and the concentrated combustion air supply hole 2.7 is close to the concentrated combustion gas cavity to supply air to the concentrated combustion gas cavity.

[0056] like Fig.14 , 15 As shown, this embodiment relates to a water heater, including a shell, a burner, an air induction device and a heat exchanger 12. The burner and the heat exchanger are installed inside the shell, and the heat exchanger is mainly located above the burner. The burner adopts the burner described in Example 1. When a fan is used to induce air, the fan is arranged at the bottom of the combustion shell; when an exhaust fan is used to induce air, the exhaust fan is arranged above the heat exchanger and on the combustion cover.

[0057] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other implementation modes. Any technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A burner, characterized in that: It comprises a combustion shell and a gas distributor, wherein a mixing box is arranged in the combustion shell, wherein the mixing box has a rich gas chamber and a lean gas chamber, and the rich gas chamber is arranged at the periphery of the lean gas chamber, and a rich gas hole and a lean gas hole are arranged on the side wall of the mixing box, wherein the lean gas hole is communicated with the lean gas chamber, and the rich gas hole is communicated with the rich gas chamber; the nozzle on the gas distributor corresponds to the lean gas hole and the rich gas hole; the air induction device introduces air into the lean gas hole and the rich gas hole respectively, and forms a lean combustion mixed gas and a rich combustion mixed gas with the gas ejected from the nozzle; a secondary combustion adapter is arranged on the mixing box, and the secondary combustion adapter forms a rich combustion and a lean combustion after ignition by distributing the rich combustion mixed gas and the lean combustion mixed gas, and the excess gas in the rich combustion is mixed with the excess air in the lean combustion again to form a secondary combustion; The secondary combustion adapter comprises a cover plate, a distribution unit and a fire hole plate arranged in sequence from bottom to top, the cover plate is provided with a cover plate rich combustion hole unit and a cover plate light combustion hole unit; the cover plate light combustion hole unit is provided with a plurality of cover plate light combustion holes arranged in an array; the cover plate light combustion hole unit comprises a plurality of cover plate light combustion holes arranged in an array, and the cover plate rich combustion hole unit comprises a plurality of cover plate rich combustion holes arranged at intervals horizontally; There are multiple light gas cavities, which are arranged in parallel. Any light gas cavity corresponds to multiple light gas holes. A rich gas hole is provided between adjacent light gas cavities. A first diverter plate is provided in the rich gas cavity. The first diverter plate is symmetrically arranged between adjacent rich gas holes. Second rich gas diverter plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first diverter plate.

2. A burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution unit comprises a lower distribution unit and an upper distribution unit, which are arranged in a vertically aligned manner; The lower distribution unit comprises a lower distribution plate, on which lower distribution light combustion hole units arranged in an array are provided, and lower distribution rich combustion hole units are arranged around the lower distribution light combustion hole units, and the lower distribution light combustion hole units and the lower distribution rich combustion hole units are separated by lower fences, and the gaps between adjacent lower fences are lower distribution rich combustion channels; The upper distribution unit comprises an upper distribution plate, on which an array of upper distribution light combustion hole units are arranged, and an upper distribution concentrated combustion hole unit is arranged around the upper distribution light combustion hole unit, and the upper distribution light combustion hole unit and the upper distribution concentrated combustion hole unit are separated by an upper fence, and an upper frame is arranged on the upper distribution plate, and the upper frame is arranged outside the upper distribution concentrated combustion hole unit; The fire hole plate is provided with a concentrated combustion fire hole unit and a plurality of light combustion fire hole units arranged in an array; the light combustion mixed gas is distributed in sequence through the cover plate light combustion hole unit, the lower distribution light combustion hole unit and the upper distribution light combustion hole unit, and then flows out from the light combustion fire hole unit; the concentrated combustion mixed gas is distributed in sequence through the cover plate concentrated combustion hole unit, the lower distribution concentrated combustion hole unit and the upper distribution concentrated combustion hole unit, and then flows out from the concentrated combustion fire hole unit.

3. A burner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower concentrated combustion channel includes mutually staggered transverse lower concentrated combustion channels and longitudinal lower concentrated combustion channels. The transverse lower concentrated combustion channel is provided with a plurality of transverse baffles spaced apart along the length direction, and the longitudinal lower concentrated combustion channel is provided with a plurality of longitudinal baffles spaced apart along the width direction.

4. A burner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heights of the transverse baffles and the longitudinal baffles are lower than the height of the lower fence.

5. A burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second diverter plate is higher than the first diverter plate.

6. A burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas distributor comprises a plurality of nozzles, the plurality of nozzles are grouped, each group of nozzles is connected to a corresponding gas channel, and controls whether the gas channel is fed with gas, thereby realizing whether the nozzle sprays gas.

7. A burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas channel includes a first gas channel and a second gas channel. The first gas channel is provided with a first nozzle group, and the first nozzle group corresponds to the rich gas holes. The second gas channel is provided with a second nozzle group, and the second nozzle corresponds to some of the light gas holes. The first gas channel is provided with a third gas channel, and the third gas channel is provided with a third nozzle group, and the third nozzle group corresponds to the remaining light gas holes.

8. A burner according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixing box side wall is provided with a plurality of air holes, an air regulating plate is arranged on the mixing box side wall, a plurality of air regulating holes are provided on the air regulating plate, the air regulating holes correspond to the air holes one by one, and the apertures of the plurality of air regulating holes are different, so as to form rich gas holes and lean gas holes.

9. A burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the mixing box is provided with a cooling channel and a concentrated combustion air supply channel. The air induction device introduces air into the cooling channel to cool the shell of the water heater. The concentrated combustion air supply channel is close to the concentrated combustion gas cavity to supply air to the concentrated combustion gas cavity.

10. A burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The draft device is a fan, which is arranged at the bottom of the combustion shell; or the draft device is an exhaust fan, which is arranged above the combustion shell.

11. A water heater, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a burner, an air induction device and a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger and the burner are installed inside the shell, and is characterized in that the burner is the burner described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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