Light-emitting devices including fused ring compounds

Abstract

A light-emitting device comprising a fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 is provided, wherein Formula 1 is described in detail in this specification. The light-emitting device comprises: a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, an interlayer between the first and second electrodes and including an emission layer, and a second capping layer located outside the second electrode and having a refractive index of 1.6 or greater, wherein the emission layer comprises at least one fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1. Formula 1

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0081669, filed on July 2, 2020, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] One or more embodiments of this disclosure relate to fused ring compounds and light-emitting devices including the same. Background Technology

[0004] Among light-emitting devices, organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) are self-emitting devices that, compared to other devices in the field, offer wide viewing angles, high contrast, short response times, and superior characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage, and response speed, and produce full-color images.

[0005] An OLED may include a first electrode on a substrate and a hole transport region, an emitter layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode sequentially stacked on the first electrode. Holes supplied from the first electrode can move towards the emitter layer through the hole transport region, and electrons supplied from the second electrode can move towards the emitter layer through the electron transport region. Charge carriers (such as holes and electrons) recombine in the emitter layer to generate excitons. These excitons transition from excited states (e.g., relax) to the ground state, thereby generating light. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One or more embodiments of this disclosure include fused ring compounds and light-emitting devices including the same.

[0007] Further aspects of the implementation will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the implementations set forth in this disclosure.

[0008] According to an embodiment, a fused ring compound represented by Formula 1 is provided:

[0009] Formula 1

[0010]

[0011] In Equation 1,

[0012] Rings A1 to A3 can each be independently C5-C 30 Carbocyclic groups or C2-C 30 Heterocyclic groups,

[0013] R1 to R5 can be independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy

[0014] Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 10 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, and pyrimidinyl.

[0015] Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrolyl, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthrylolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazole alkyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafluorenyl and azadibenzothiophenyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindole, indole, indazole, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthryl Polylyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazoleyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),

[0016] -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2), and

[0017] Groups represented by formulas A-1 and A-2,

[0018]

[0019] Q1 to Q3 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each independently selected

[0020] -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H and -CD2CDH2, and

[0021] Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl: deuterium, C1-C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl

[0022] At least one of R1 to R3 may not be hydrogen.

[0023] d1 to d3 can each be an integer selected from 1 to 20 independently.

[0024] R1 and R4 may optionally be connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or coupled relationship with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 30 Heterocyclic monocyclic groups,

[0025] R2 and R5 may optionally be connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or coupled relationship with at least one R 20a Replacement C2-C 30 Heterocyclic monocyclic groups,

[0026] R 10a and R 20a It can be the same as that described in combination with R1, and R 10a and R 20a It can avoid forming cyclic groups with adjacent substituents.

[0027] Among them, in equations A-1 and A-2,

[0028] R 10 Can be combined with R 10a The descriptions are the same.

[0029] d10 can be an integer selected from 1 to 13, and

[0030] * Indicates the binding site with adjacent atoms.

[0031] According to one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device may include: a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emitting layer, and at least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The above and other aspects and features of certain embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the light-emitting device; Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the light-emitting device; and Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the light-emitting device. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Reference will now be made in more detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals refer to the same elements throughout. In this regard, embodiments may take different forms and should not be construed as limited to the description set forth herein. Therefore, embodiments are described below with reference to the drawings only to explain aspects of the embodiments described herein. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Throughout this disclosure, the expression "at least one of a, b, and c" indicates only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof.

[0035] The fused-ring compounds according to this disclosure can be represented by Formula 1:

[0036] Formula 1

[0037]

[0038] In Equation 1,

[0039] Rings A1 to A3 can each be independently C5-C 30 Carbocyclic groups or C2-C 30 Heterocyclic groups.

[0040] In embodiments, rings A1 to A3 may each be independently phenyl, naphthyl, anthraceneyl, phenanthrene, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, cyclopentadienyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoboranecyclopentadienyl, benzophoscyclopentadienyl, indene, benzothiophene, benzogermaniumcyclopentadienyl, benzothiophene, benzoselenyl, benzofuranyl, carbazole, or dibenzoboranecyclopentadienyl. dibenzothiocyclopentadienyl, fluorenyl, dibenzothiophene, dibenzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, dibenzothiophene, dibenzoselenyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene 5-oxide, 9H-fluoren-9-one, dibenzothiophene 5,5-dioxide, azaindolyl, azabenzoborone heterocyclopentadienyl, azabenzothiocyclopentadienyl, azaindenyl, azabenzothiophene, azabenzogermanium heterocyclopentadienyl, azabenzothiophene Fernyl, azidobenzylene, azidobenzuranyl, azidocarbazolyl, azidodibenzoboronecyclopentadienyl, azidodibenzophosphacyclopentadienyl, azidofluorenyl, azidodibenzothiophene, azidodibenzogermanonecyclopentadienyl, azidodibenzothiophene, azidodibenzobenzylene, azidodibenzothiophene 5-oxide, azido-9H-fluoren-9-one, azidodibenzothiophene 5,5-dioxide, pyridyl Pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, phenanthrolineyl, pyrroleyl, pyrazolyl, imidazoleyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzooxadiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl or 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolinyl.

[0041] In one or more embodiments, rings A1 to A3 may each be independently phenyl, naphthyl, carbazolyl, fluorenyl, dibenzothiophene, or dibenzofuranyl.

[0042] R1 to R5 can be independently selected from: hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0043] Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 10Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, and pyrimidinyl;

[0044] Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrolyl, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthrylolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazole alkyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafluorenyl and azadibenzothiophenyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindole, indole, indazole, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthryl Polylyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazoleyl, dibenzocarbazoleyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazoleyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31(Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 );

[0045] -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2); and

[0046] Groups represented by formulas A-1 and A-2,

[0047]

[0048] Among them, Q1 to Q3 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each is selected independently from:

[0049] -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H and -CD2CDH2; and

[0050] Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl: deuterium, C1-C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl

[0051] Among them, in equations A-1 and A-2,

[0052] R 10 With combination R 10a The descriptions are the same.

[0053] d10 can be an integer selected from 1 to 13, and

[0054] * Indicates the binding site with adjacent atoms.

[0055] In the implementation method, R1 to R5 can each be independently selected from:

[0056] Hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy;

[0057] Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 10 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl and naphthyl;

[0058] Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purinyl, carbazole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole and dibenzocarbazole: deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purine, carbazole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 ) and -B(Q 31 (Q) 32 );

[0059] -Si(Q1)(Q2)(Q3), -N(Q1)(Q2) and -B(Q1)(Q2); and

[0060] Groups represented by formulas A-1 and A-2,

[0061]

[0062] Among them, Q1 to Q3 and Q 31To Q 33 Each is selected independently from:

[0063] -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H and -CD2CDH2; and

[0064] Unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, phenyl, and naphthyl; deuterium, C1-C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, and biphenyl.

[0065] Formulas A-1 and A-2 are the same as those described above.

[0066] In the implementation, R4 and R5 can be independently selected from:

[0067] Hydrogen, deuterium and C1-C 20 alkyl;

[0068] C1-C substituted by at least one of the following 20 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 10 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl;

[0069] Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl, each unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 20 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, -Si(Q) 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 ) and -N(Q 31 (Q) 32 ) and -B(Q 31 (Q) 32 );as well as

[0070] Groups represented by formulas A-1 and A-2,

[0071]

[0072] Q 31 To Q33 Each is selected independently from:

[0073] -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H and -CD2CDH2; and

[0074] Unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, phenyl, and naphthyl; deuterium, C1-C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, and biphenyl.

[0075] Formulas A-1 and A-2 are the same as those described above.

[0076] In this implementation, each of R1 to R3 may not be hydrogen.

[0077] In the implementation, R1 and R2 can be the same as each other.

[0078] In the implementation, d1 to d3 can each be an integer selected from 1 to 20 independently.

[0079] In the implementation, d1 to d3 can be 1 or 2.

[0080] R1 and R4 may optionally be connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or coupled relationship with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 30 Heterocyclic monocyclic groups,

[0081] R2 and R5 may optionally be connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or coupled relationship with at least one R 20a Replacement C2-C 30 Heterocyclic monocyclic groups,

[0082] R 10a and R 20a It can be the same as that described in combination with R1, and R 10a and R 20a It may not form a cyclic group with adjacent substituents.

[0083] In the embodiments, the fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 can satisfy at least one selected from condition 1 and condition 2:

[0084] Condition 1

[0085] R1 and R4 are connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 30 Heterogeneous monocyclic groups.

[0086] Condition 2

[0087] R2 and R5 are connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or at least one R 20a Replacement C2-C 30 Heterogeneous monocyclic groups.

[0088] R 10a and R 20a Same as described above.

[0089] In some implementations...

[0090] R1 and R4 are connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or at least one R 20a Replacement C2-C 30 Heterocyclic monocyclic groups,

[0091] R2 and R5 are connected to each other to form an unsubstituted or at least one R 20a Replacement C2-C 30 Heterocyclic monocyclic groups, and

[0092] R 10a and R 20a Same as described above.

[0093] In the embodiments, the fused ring compound may be represented by one of formulas 1-1 to 1-12:

[0094]

[0095] Regarding equations 1-1 to 1-12, R4 and R5 are the same as described above, and R 11 To R 14 It can be described in the same way as combined with R1, R 21 To R 24 It can be the same as that described by combining R2, and R 31 To R 33 It can be the same as that described in conjunction with R3.

[0096] In the embodiments, the fused ring compound may be represented by formula 2-1 or 2-2:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, in equations 2-1 and 2-2,

[0099] X1 can be *-(CR) 1a R 1b ) m1 -*',

[0100] X2 can be *-(CR) 2a R 2b) m2 -*',

[0101] m1 and m2 can each be an integer selected from 1 to 10 independently.

[0102] m1 indicator -(CR) 1a R 1b The quantity of )-

[0103] When m1 is 2 or greater, each -(CR 1a R 1b - They can be the same as or different from each other.

[0104] m2 indicator - (CR 2a R 2b The quantity of )-

[0105] When m2 is 2 or greater, each -(CR 2a R 2b - They can be the same as or different from each other, and

[0106] * and *' each indicate the binding site with the adjacent atom.

[0107] A1 to A3, R1 to R3, R5, and d1 to d3 are the same as described above, R 1a R 2a R 1b and R 2b With combination R 10a The descriptions are the same, and R 1a R 2a R 1b and R 2b Each of them may not form a cyclic group with the adjacent substituent.

[0108] In the implementation, m1 can be 1, and m2 can be 1;

[0109] m1 can be 1, and m2 can be 2;

[0110] m1 can be 1, and m2 can be 3;

[0111] m1 can be 1, and m2 can be 4;

[0112] m1 can be 2, and m2 can be 2;

[0113] m1 can be 2, and m2 can be 3;

[0114] m1 can be 2, and m2 can be 4;

[0115] m1 can be 3, and m2 can be 3;

[0116] m1 can be 3, and m2 can be 4; or

[0117] m1 can be 4, and m2 can be 4.

[0118] In the implementation, m1 and m2 can each be an integer selected from 1 to 4 independently.

[0119] In the implementation, m1 can be 2, and m2 can be 2;

[0120] m1 can be 2, and m2 can be 3;

[0121] m1 can be 2, and m2 can be 4;

[0122] m1 can be 3, and m2 can be 3;

[0123] m1 can be 3, and m2 can be 4; or

[0124] m1 can be 4, and m2 can be 4.

[0125] In the implementation, m1 and m2 can be the same as each other.

[0126] In the implementation, R 1a R 2a R 1b and R 2b They can be either hydrogen or deuterium.

[0127] In the embodiments, the fused ring compound may be represented by one of formulas 3-1 to 3-12:

[0128]

[0129] Regarding equations 3-1 to 3-12, X1, X2, and R5 are the same as described above, and R... 11 To R 13 It can be described in the same way as combined with R1, R 21 To R 23 It can be the same as that described by combining R2, and R 31 To R 33 It can be the same as that described in conjunction with R3.

[0130] In embodiments, the fused-ring compound may be selected from compounds 1 to 114, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0131]

[0132]

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] The fused ring compound represented by Formula 1 has a broad plate-like structure containing boron atoms and amines substituted with alkyl or carbocyclic groups.

[0136] Formula 1 has a plate-like framework containing two nitrogen atoms and one boron atom. Due to the plate-like structure of the fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 with fused-ring groups, multiple resonances are further activated in this compound, the delocalization of electrons in the intramolecular structure is expanded, and the polarizability is increased, and therefore, the f-value is further increased. Therefore, the fused-ring compound of Formula 1 can be used as a luminescent material for high-efficiency delayed fluorescence.

[0137] Furthermore, because Formula 1 includes amines substituted with alkyl or carbocyclic groups, this enhances electron-donating ability, thus further activating multiple resonances, resulting in a higher f-value and a lower ΔE. ST .

[0138] The substituents of the amine are fused to the main chain in a cyclic form. Therefore, compared to unfused substituents, the number of freely rotating CN bonds is reduced, and thus, from the perspective of bond dissociation energy (BDE), the molecule (the fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1) may become more rigid, and the chemical instability caused by the presence of electron-deficient boron atoms can be compensated by the electron-rich amine. Furthermore, due to the rigid molecular model of the fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1, the light extraction efficiency using transition dipole moments can be increased.

[0139] Therefore, electronic devices using fused-ring compounds represented by Formula 1 (e.g., organic light-emitting devices) can have low driving voltage, high maximum quantum efficiency, high efficiency, and long lifetime.

[0140] The synthetic method of the fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 can be identified by those skilled in the art by referring to the examples provided below.

[0141] In one embodiment, a light-emitting device is provided, comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode, including an emitting layer, wherein the interlayer comprises at least one fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 as described herein.

[0142] In one embodiment, a light-emitting device is provided, comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an interlayer between the first electrode and the second electrode, including an emitting layer, wherein the interlayer further includes a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emitting layer, and the hole transport region includes a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or a combination thereof, and the emitting layer includes at least one fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1.

[0143]

[0144] In equations 201 and 202,

[0145] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10b Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10b Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0146] L 205 It can be *-O-*', *-S-*', or *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or by at least one R 10b Replacement C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10b Replacement C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10b Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10b Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0147] xa1 to xa4 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 5 independently.

[0148] xa5 can be an integer selected from 1 to 10.

[0149] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10b Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10b Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0150] R 201 and R 202 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10b Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted groups or groups containing at least one R 10b The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10b Replacement C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups,

[0151] R 203 and R 204 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10bSubstituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted groups or groups containing at least one R 10b The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10b Replacement C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups, and

[0152] na1 can be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0153] R 10b Possible forms:

[0154] Deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, or nitro;

[0155] Each of the following C1-C that was not replaced or was replaced by: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0156] Each of the following C3-Cs that were not replaced or were replaced: 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 aryloxy or C6-C 60 Aryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60Arylthio, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0157] -Si(Q 31b (Q) 32b (Q) 33b -N(Q) 31b (Q) 32b -B(Q) 31b (Q) 32b -C(=O)(Q) 31b -S(=O)2(Q) 31b ) or -P(=O)(Q 31b (Q) 32b ),

[0158] Among them, Q is used in this article 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31b To Q 33b Each can be independently represented as: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups; or C3-C groups that are unsubstituted or substituted with the following: 60 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0159] In one or more embodiments,

[0160] The first electrode of the light-emitting device can be the anode.

[0161] The second electrode of the light-emitting device can be a cathode.

[0162] The interlayer may further include an electron transport region between the emitter layer and the second electrode, and

[0163] The hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assist layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and

[0164] The electron transport region may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0165] In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer in the interlayer of the light-emitting device may include a dopant and a host, and a fused-ring compound may be included in the dopant. For example, a fused-ring compound may act as a dopant.

[0166] The emitting layer may emit red, green, blue, and / or white light. In one embodiment, the emitting layer may emit blue or cyan light. The blue or cyan light may have, for example, a maximum emission wavelength ranging from about 400 nm to about 500 nm.

[0167] Fused ring compounds included in the emission layer act as delayed fluorescence dopants so that delayed fluorescence can be emitted from the emission layer.

[0168] In some embodiments, the organic layer may contain anthracene compounds.

[0169] Anthracene compounds refer to compounds that include anthracene rings, and the organic layer may include compounds that contain anthracene rings.

[0170] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device may further include:

[0171] The first capping layer is located outside the first electrode;

[0172] The second capping layer located outside the second electrode; or

[0173] First capping layer and second capping layer.

[0174] According to another aspect of the embodiments, a light-emitting device is provided, the light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an interlayer comprising an emitting layer between the first electrode and the second electrode; and

[0175] A second capping layer located outside the second electrode and having a refractive index of 1.6 or greater, and an emission layer comprising at least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1.

[0176] In one embodiment, the encapsulation portion may be on the second sealing layer. The encapsulation portion may be on the light-emitting device to protect the light-emitting device from moisture and / or oxygen.

[0177] In one embodiment, the encapsulation portion may include an inorganic film, which includes silicon nitride (SiN). x ), silicon dioxide (SiO) xIndium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or any combination thereof;

[0178] Organic membranes, including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyoxymethylene, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, acrylic resins (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, etc.), epoxy resins (e.g., aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE), etc.) or any combination thereof; or

[0179] A combination of inorganic and organic membranes.

[0180] As used herein, the expression "(interlayer) includes fused-ring compounds" can include cases where "(interlayer) includes the same fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1" and cases where "(interlayer) includes two or more different fused-ring compounds represented by Formula 1".

[0181] For example, the interlayer may comprise only compound 1 as a fused-ring compound. In this embodiment, compound 1 may be included in the emitting layer of the light-emitting device. In one or more embodiments, the interlayer may include both compound 1 and compound 2 as fused-ring compounds. In this regard, compound 1 and compound 2 may be present in the same layer (e.g., both compound 1 and compound 2 may be present in the emitting layer) or in different layers (e.g., compound 1 may be present in the emitting layer and compound 2 may be present in the electron transport region).

[0182] As used herein, the term "sandwich" refers to a single layer and / or all of the multiple layers between the first and second electrodes of a light-emitting device.

[0183] According to another aspect of the embodiments, an electronic device including a light-emitting device is provided. The electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor.

[0184] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor comprising a source electrode and a drain electrode, and a first electrode of the light-emitting device may be electrically connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode.

[0185] In embodiments, the electronic device may further include a color filter, a color conversion layer, a touchscreen layer, a polarizing layer, or any combination thereof. For example, the electronic device may be a flat panel display device, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0186] Other details of the electronic device are the same as those described elsewhere in this specification.

[0187] Figure 1 Description

[0188] Figure 1This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting device 10 according to an embodiment. The light-emitting device 10 includes a first electrode 110, a sandwich layer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0189] The following text will combine Figure 1 The structure of the light-emitting device 10 according to the embodiment and the method of manufacturing the light-emitting device 10 are described.

[0190] First electrode 110

[0191] exist Figure 1 In this embodiment, the substrate may additionally be below the first electrode 110 or above the second electrode 150. The substrate may be a glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate. The substrate may be a flexible substrate. In one or more embodiments, the substrate may comprise a plastic (e.g., a polymer) with excellent heat resistance and durability, such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide, or combinations thereof.

[0192] The first electrode 110 can be formed, for example, by depositing and / or sputtering a material for forming the first electrode 110 on a substrate. When the first electrode 110 is an anode, a high work function material that can easily inject holes can be used as the material for the first electrode 110.

[0193] The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transparent electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, the material used to form the first electrode 110 may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode 110 is a semi-transparent electrode or a reflective electrode, magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof may be used as the material for forming the first electrode 110.

[0194] The first electrode 110 may have a monolayer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) or a multilayer structure comprising multiple layers. In an embodiment, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO.

[0195] mezzanine 130

[0196] The interlayer 130 is on the first electrode 110. The interlayer 130 includes an emitter layer.

[0197] The interlayer 130 may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode 110 and the emitter layer, and an electron transport region between the emitter layer and the second electrode 150.

[0198] In addition to various suitable organic materials, the interlayer 130 may further include metal-containing compounds (such as organometallic compounds) and / or inorganic materials (such as quantum dots).

[0199] In one or more embodiments, the interlayer 130 may include i) two or more emitting units sequentially stacked between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 150 and ii) a charge generating layer between two emitting units. When the interlayer 130 includes the emitting units and charge generating layer as described above, the light-emitting device 10 may be a series light-emitting device.

[0200] Hole transport region in interlayer 130

[0201] The hole transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single material), or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising multiple layers of different materials.

[0202] The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an emission assist layer, an electron blocking layer (EBL), or any combination thereof.

[0203] For example, the hole transport region may have a multilayer structure including a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injection layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure, wherein, in each structure, the layers are stacked sequentially from the first electrode 110.

[0204] The hole transport region may include the compound represented by Formula 201, the compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof:

[0205]

[0206] In equations 201 and 202,

[0207] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0208] L 205 It can be *-O-*', *-S-*', or *-N(Q)201 )-*', unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0209] xa1 to xa4 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 5 independently.

[0210] xa5 can be an integer selected from 1 to 10, and

[0211] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0212] R 201 and R 202 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10a (e.g., carbazole group, etc.) substituted C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups (e.g., see compound HT16 below),

[0213] R 203 and R 204 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10a Replacement C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups, and

[0214] na1 can be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0215] In embodiments, formulas 201 and 202 may each include at least one group selected from formulas CY201 to CY217:

[0216]

[0217] Regarding formulas CY201 to CY217, R 10b and R 10c With combination R 10a The descriptions are the same, CY ring 201 To CY 204 Each can be independently C3-C 20 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 20 Heterocyclic groups, and at least one hydrogen in formulas CY201 to CY217 may be unsubstituted or replaced by at least one R described herein. 10a replace.

[0218] In the implementation, the ring CY in formulas CY201 to CY217 201 To CY 204 Each can be independently phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl or anthracene.

[0219] In embodiments, formulas 201 and 202 may each include at least one group selected from formulas CY201 to CY203:

[0220] In one or more embodiments, formula 201 may include at least one group selected from formulas CY201 to CY203 and at least one group selected from formulas CY204 to CY217.

[0221] In one or more embodiments, in formula 201, xa1 is 1, and R 201 The group is represented by one of the formulas CY201 to CY203, where xa2 is 0 and R is 0. 202 It is represented by a group selected from one of the formulas CY204 to CY207.

[0222] In one or more embodiments, each of formulas 201 and 202 may not include a group represented by one of formulas CY201 to CY203.

[0223] In one or more embodiments, each of formulas 201 and 202 may not include a group represented by one of formulas CY201 to CY203 and may include at least one of a group represented by formulas CY204 to CY217.

[0224] In an implementation, each of formulas 201 and 202 may not include a group represented by any of formulas CY201 to CY217.

[0225] In embodiments, the hole transport region may include one selected from compounds HT1 to HT44, m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiro-TPD, spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), or any combination thereof:

[0226]

[0227]

[0228]

[0229]

[0230]

[0231] The thickness of the hole transport region can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately Within the range. When the hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the hole injection layer can be approximately... to approximately For example, about to approximately Within a certain range, and the thickness of the hole transport layer can be approximately... to approximately For example, about to approximately Within the aforementioned range, when the thicknesses of the hole transport region, hole injection layer, and hole transport layer are all within any of the aforementioned ranges, appropriate or satisfactory hole transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in the driving voltage.

[0232] The emission assist layer can increase light emission efficiency by compensating for the optical resonant distance according to the wavelength of the light emitted by the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer can block or reduce the flow of electrons from the electron transport region. The emission assist layer and the electron blocking layer can comprise the materials described above.

[0233] p-dopants

[0234] In addition to these materials, the hole transport region may further include a charge-generating material for improving electrical conductivity (e.g., electrical conductivity properties). The charge-generating material may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the hole transport region (e.g., in the form of a single layer of charge-generating material).

[0235] The charge-generating material can be, for example, a p-doped agent.

[0236] In an implementation, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of the p-dopant may be -3.5 eV or lower.

[0237] In embodiments, p-dopersive agents may include quinone derivatives, cyano-containing compounds, compounds containing elements EL1 and EL2, or any combination thereof.

[0238] Examples of quinone derivatives are TCNQ and F4-TCNQ.

[0239] Examples of cyano-containing compounds are HAT-CN and compounds represented by the following formula 221.

[0240]

[0241] In Equation 221,

[0242] R 221 To R 223 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, and

[0243] Selected from R 221 To R 223 At least one of them can be independently replaced by C3-C respectively. 60 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups: cyano; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; C1-C substituted with cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I or any combination thereof 20 Alkyl groups; or any combination thereof.

[0244] Regarding compounds containing elements EL1 and EL2, element EL1 can be a metal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof, and element EL2 can be a nonmetal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof.

[0245] Examples of metals include: alkali metals (e.g., lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), and / or cesium (Cs); alkaline earth metals (e.g., beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and / or barium (Ba); transition metals (e.g., titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), and cobalt (C). (e.g., rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag) and / or gold (Au); post-transition metals (e.g., zinc (Zn), indium (In) and / or tin (Sn); and lanthanides (e.g., lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb) and / or lutetium (Lu).)

[0246] Examples of metalloids include silicon (Si), antimony (Sb), and tellurium (Te).

[0247] Examples of nonmetals include oxygen (O) and halogens (e.g., F, Cl, Br, I, etc.).

[0248] In embodiments, examples of compounds containing elements EL1 and EL2 include metal oxides, metal halides (e.g., metal fluorides, metal chlorides, metal bromides and / or metal iodides), quasi-metal halides (e.g., quasi-metal fluorides, quasi-metal chlorides, quasi-metal bromides and / or quasi-metal iodides), metal tellurides, and any combination thereof.

[0249] Examples of metal oxides include tungsten oxides (e.g., WO, W2O3, WO2, WO3 and / or W2O5), vanadium oxides (e.g., VO, V2O3, VO2 and / or V2O5), molybdenum oxides (MoO, Mo2O3, MoO2, MoO3 and / or Mo2O5) and rhenium oxides (e.g., ReO3).

[0250] Examples of metal halides include alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, transition metal halides, post-transition metal halides, and lanthanide metal halides.

[0251] Examples of alkali metal halides include LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, RbBr, CsBr, LiI, NaI, KI, RbI, and CsI.

[0252] Examples of alkaline earth metal halides include BeF2, MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, BeCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2, BeBr2, MgBr2, CaBr2, SrBr2, BaBr2, BeI2, MgI2, CaI2, SrI2, and BaI2.

[0253] Examples of transition metal halides include titanium halides (e.g., TiF4, TiCl4, TiBr4 and / or TiI4), zirconium halides (e.g., ZrF4, ZrCl4, ZrBr4 and / or ZrI4), hafnium halides (e.g., HfF4, HfCl4, HfBr4 and / or HfI4), vanadium halides (e.g., VF3, VCl3, VBr3 and / or VI3), niobium halides (e.g., NbF3, NbCl3, NbBr3 and / or NbI3), and tantalum halides (e.g., TaF3, TaCl3, TaBr3). 3 and / or TaI3), chromium halides (e.g., CrF3, CrCl3, CrBr3 and / or CrI3), molybdenum halides (e.g., MoF3, MoCl3, MoBr3 and / or MoI3), tungsten halides (e.g., WF3, WCl3, WBr3 and / or WI3), manganese halides (e.g., MnF2, MnCl2, MnBr2 and / or MnI2), technetium halides (e.g., TcF2, TcCl2, TcBr2 and / or TcI2), rhenium halides (e.g., ReF2, ReCl2, ReBr2 and / or ReI3), and chromium halides (e.g., CrF3, CrCl3, CrBr3 and / or CrI3), molybdenum halides (e.g., MoF3, MoCl3, MoBr3 and / or MoI3), tungsten halides (e.g., WF3, WCl3, WBr3 and / or WI3), manganese halides (e.g., MnF2, MnCl2, MnBr2 and / or MnI2), technetium halides (e.g., TcF2, TcCl2, TcBr2 and / or TcI2), and rhenium halides (e.g., ReF2, ReCl2, ReBr2 and / or ReI3). (e.g., FeF2, FeCl2, FeBr2 and / or FeI2), ruthenium halides (e.g., RuF2, RuCl2, RuBr2 and / or RuI2), osmium halides (e.g., OsF2, OsCl2, OsBr2 and / or OsI2), cobalt halides (e.g., CoF2, CoCl2, CoBr2 and / or CoI2), rhodium halides (e.g., RhF2, RhCl2, RhBr2 and / or RhI2), iridium halides (e.g., IrF2, IrCl2, IrBr2 and / or IrI2). 2 and / or IrI2), nickel halides (e.g., NiF2, NiCl2, NiBr2 and / or NiI2), palladium halides (e.g., PdF2, PdCl2, PdBr2 and / or PdI2), platinum halides (e.g., PtF2, PtCl2, PtBr2 and / or PtI2), copper halides (e.g., CuF, CuCl, CuBr and / or CuI), silver halides (e.g., AgF, AgCl, AgBr and / or AgI), and gold halides (e.g., AuF, AuCl, AuBr and / or AuI).

[0254] Examples of post-transition metal halides include zinc halides (e.g., ZnF2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2 and / or ZnI2), indium halides (e.g., InI3), and tin halides (e.g., SnI2).

[0255] Examples of lanthanide metal halides include YbF, YbF2, YbF3, SmF3, YbCl, YbCl2, YbCl3, SmCl3, YbBr, YbBr2, YbBr3, SmBr3, YbI, YbI2, YbI3, and SmI3.

[0256] Examples of metal halide halides include antimony halides (e.g., SbCl5).

[0257] Examples of metal tellurides include alkali metal tellurides (e.g., Li₂Te, Na₂Te, K₂Te, Rb₂Te and / or Cs₂Te), alkaline earth metal tellurides (e.g., BeTe, MgTe, CaTe, SrTe and / or BaTe), and transition metal tellurides (e.g., TiTe₂, ZrTe₂, HfTe₂, V₂Te₃, Nb₂Te₃, Ta₂Te₃, Cr₂Te₃, Mo₂Te₃, W₂Te₃, MnTe, TcTe, ReTe, F₂Te, F₂Te, F₃ ... eTe, RuTe, OsTe, CoTe, RhTe, IrTe, NiTe, PdTe, PtTe, Cu2Te, CuTe, Ag2Te, AgTe and / or Au2Te), post-transition metal tellurides (e.g., ZnTe) and lanthanide metal tellurides (e.g., LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe and / or LuTe).

[0258] emission layer in interlayer 130

[0259] When the light-emitting device 10 is a full-color light-emitting device, the emitting layer can be patterned as a red emitting layer, a green emitting layer, and / or a blue emitting layer according to the sub-pixels. In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer may have a stacked structure of two or more layers selected from red, green, and blue emitting layers, wherein the two or more layers are in contact with or separated from each other. In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer may include two or more materials selected from red, green, and blue emitting materials, wherein the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light.

[0260] The emitting layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include phosphorescent dopant, fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0261] Dopants may include fused ring compounds represented by Formula 1.

[0262] Based on 100 parts by weight of the host, the amount of dopant in the emitter layer can range from about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight.

[0263] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may include quantum dots.

[0264] In some implementations, the emission layer may include a delayed fluorescence material. The delayed fluorescence material may act as a host or dopant in the emission layer.

[0265] The thickness of the emission layer can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately Within the aforementioned range, when the thickness of the emitting layer is within any of the aforementioned ranges, excellent light emission characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in the driving voltage.

[0266] main body

[0267] In one or more embodiments, the body may include a compound represented by the following formula 301:

[0268] Formula 301

[0269] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21

[0270] In Equation 301,

[0271] Ar 301 and L 301 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0272] xb11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0273] xb1 can be an integer selected from 0 to 5.

[0274] R 301 It can be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 301 (Q) 302 (Q) 303 -N(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -B(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -C(=O)(Q) 301 -S(=O)2(Q) 301 ) or -P(=O)(Q 301 (Q) 302 ),

[0275] xb21 can be an integer selected from 1 to 5.

[0276] Q 301 To Q 303 Similar to the description in conjunction with Q1,

[0277] In one or more embodiments, when xb11 in formula 301 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 301 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0278] In embodiments, the main body may include a compound represented by formula 301-1, a compound represented by formula 301-2, or any combination thereof:

[0279]

[0280] In equations 301-1 and 301-2,

[0281] Ring A 301 To Ring A 304 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0282] X 301 Can be O, S, N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ]、C(R304 (R) 305 ) or Si(R 304 (R) 305 ),

[0283] xb22 and xb23 are each independently 0, 1, or 2.

[0284] L 301 xb1 and R 301 Same as described above,

[0285] L 302 To L 304 Each independently and in combination with L 301 The descriptions are the same.

[0286] xb2 to xb4 can each be independently the same as those described in conjunction with xb1, and

[0287] R 302 To R 305 and R 311 To R 314 With combination R 301 The descriptions are the same.

[0288] In one or more embodiments, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex. In embodiments, the host may be a Be complex (e.g., compound H55), a Mg complex, a Zn complex, or any combination thereof.

[0289] In embodiments, the main body may include at least one selected from compounds H1 to H124, 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN), 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthyl-2-yl)anthracene (MADN), 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN), 4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-bis-9-carbazolylbenzene (mCP), 1,3,5-tris(carbazolyl-9-yl)benzene (TCP), or any combination thereof, but embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto:

[0290]

[0291]

[0292]

[0293]

[0294]

[0295]

[0296] Delayed fluorescence materials

[0297] The emission layer may include a delayed fluorescence material.

[0298] The delayed fluorescence material used in this paper can be selected from any suitable compound capable of emitting delayed fluorescence based on the delayed fluorescence emission mechanism.

[0299] Depending on the type (or composition) of other materials included in the emission layer, the delayed fluorescence material included in the emission layer can act as a host or a dopant.

[0300] In this embodiment, the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material can be 0 eV or greater and 0.5 eV or less. When the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material satisfies the above range, the upconversion from the triplet state to the singlet state of the delayed fluorescent material can occur appropriately or effectively, and therefore, the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting device 10 can be improved.

[0301] In embodiments, delayed fluorescence materials may include i) at least one electron donor (e.g., π-electron-rich C3-C3). 60 Cyclic groups, such as carbazole groups, and at least one electron acceptor (e.g., sulfoxide, cyano, or a nitrogen-containing C1-C group lacking π electrons). 60 Materials containing cyclic groups, and / or ii) including C8-C 60 Materials with polycyclic groups, wherein two or more cyclic groups share boron (B) and are fused together (e.g., combined together).

[0302] Delayed fluorescence materials may include at least one selected from compounds DF1 to DF9:

[0303]

[0304] quantum dots

[0305] The emission layer may include quantum dots.

[0306] As used herein, quantum dot refers to a crystal of semiconductor compound and may include any suitable material capable of emitting light of various appropriate emission wavelengths depending on the size of the crystal.

[0307] The diameter of quantum dots can be, for example, in the range of about 1 nm to about 10 nm.

[0308] Quantum dots can be synthesized through wet chemical processes, metal-organic chemical vapor deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, or similar processes.

[0309] Wet chemical processes refer to methods in which organic solvents and precursor materials are mixed, and then quantum dot particles are grown into crystals. During crystal growth, the organic solvent acts as a dispersant that naturally coordinates on the surface of the quantum dot crystals and controls the crystal growth. Therefore, the growth of quantum dot particles can be controlled by using processes that are easier and cheaper to perform compared to vapor deposition processes (such as metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)).

[0310] Quantum dots may include group II-VI semiconductor compounds, group III-V semiconductor compounds, group III-VI semiconductor compounds, group I-III-VI semiconductor compounds, group IV-VI semiconductor compounds, group IV elements or compounds, or any combination thereof.

[0311] Examples of group II-VI semiconductor compounds include binary compounds such as CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe and / or MgS; and ternary compounds such as CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnS e, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe and / or MgZnS; quaternary compounds such as CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe and / or HgZnSTe; and any combination thereof.

[0312] Examples of Group III-V semiconductor compounds include binary compounds such as GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, and / or InSb; ternary compounds such as GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InAlP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, and / or InPSb; quaternary compounds such as GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, GaAlNP, and / or InAlPSb; and any combination thereof. Group III-V semiconductor compounds may further include Group II elements. Examples of group III-V semiconductor compounds that further include group II elements include InZnP, InGaZnP, and InAlZnP.

[0313] Examples of group III-VI semiconductor compounds include binary compounds such as GaS, GaSe, Ga2Se3, GaTe, InS, In2S3, InSe, In2Se3 and / or InTe; ternary compounds such as InGaS3 and / or InGaSe3; and any combination thereof.

[0314] Examples of group I-III-VI semiconductor compounds include ternary compounds such as AgInS, AgInS2, CuInS, CuInS2, CuGaO2, AgGaO2, and / or AgAlO2.

[0315] Examples of group IV-VI semiconductor compounds include binary compounds such as SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe and / or PbTe; ternary compounds such as SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe and / or SnPbTe; quaternary compounds such as SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe and / or SnPbSTe; and any combination thereof.

[0316] In implementations, Group IV elements or compounds may include single elements, such as Si or Ge; binary compounds, such as SiC and / or SiGe; or any combination thereof.

[0317] Each element included in a multi-element compound (such as binary, ternary, and quaternary compounds) may exist in the particles at a uniform or non-uniform concentration.

[0318] In some embodiments, the quantum dot may have a single structure or a core-shell dual structure, wherein the single structure has a uniform (e.g., substantially uniform) concentration of each element included in the respective quantum dot. In embodiments, the material included in the core may differ from the material included in the shell.

[0319] The shell of a quantum dot can serve as a protective layer for maintaining semiconductor properties by preventing or reducing the chemical degradation of the core, and / or as a charging layer for imparting electrophoretic properties to the quantum dot. The shell can be single-layered or multi-layered. The interface between the core and the shell can have a concentration gradient, wherein the concentration of elements present in the shell decreases towards the center.

[0320] Examples of shells for quantum dots include metal and / or nonmetal oxides, semiconductor compounds, or any combination thereof. Examples of metal and / or nonmetal oxides include binary compounds such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, and / or NiO; ternary compounds such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and / or CoMn2O4; and any combination thereof. Examples of semiconductor compounds include, as described herein, group II-VI semiconductor compounds, group III-V semiconductor compounds, group III-VI semiconductor compounds, group I-III-VI semiconductor compounds, group IV-VI semiconductor compounds, or any combination thereof. In embodiments, the semiconductor compound may include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, AlSb, or any combination thereof.

[0321] The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission wavelength spectrum of quantum dots can be about 45 nm or less, for example, about 40 nm or less, for example, about 30 nm or less. When the FWHM of the emission wavelength spectrum of quantum dots is within any of the aforementioned ranges, color purity and / or color reproducibility can be improved. Furthermore, light emitted through such quantum dots is illuminated omnidirectionally (e.g., substantially in every direction). Therefore, a wide viewing angle can be increased.

[0322] In addition, quantum dots can be, for example, spherical, conical, multi-armed or cubic nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers or nanosheets.

[0323] By adjusting the size of the quantum dots, the band gap can also be adjusted, thereby obtaining light of various suitable wavelengths in the quantum dot emission layer. Therefore, by using quantum dots of different sizes, light-emitting devices that emit light of various suitable wavelengths can be implemented. In one embodiment, the size of the quantum dots can be selected to emit red, green, and / or blue light. Furthermore, adjusting the size of the quantum dots allows for the combination of various colors of light to emit white light.

[0324] Electron transport region in interlayer 130

[0325] The electron transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single material), or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising multiple layers of different materials.

[0326] The electron transport region may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0327] In an implementation, the electron transport region may have an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, an electron control layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, or a buffer layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, wherein, for each structure, the constituent layers are stacked sequentially from the emission layer.

[0328] Electron transport regions (e.g., buffer layers, hole blocking layers, electron control layers, or electron transport layers within electron transport regions) may include metal-free compounds comprising at least one π-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C. 60 Cyclic groups.

[0329] In an embodiment, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by the following formula 601:

[0330] Formula 601

[0331] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21

[0332] In Equation 601,

[0333] Ar 601 and L 601 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups,

[0334] xe11 is 1, 2, or 3.

[0335] xe1 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0336] R 601 It can be unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 601 (Q) 602 (Q) 603 -C(=O)(Q) 601 -S(=O)2(Q) 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0337] Q 601 To Q 603 Similar to the description in conjunction with Q1,

[0338] xe21 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and

[0339] Selected from Ar 601 L 601 and R 601 At least one of them can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R. 10a Substituted π-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 Cyclic groups.

[0340] In one or more embodiments, when xe11 in formula 601 is 2 or greater, two or more Ar 601 They can be connected to each other via a single key.

[0341] In the implementation method, Ar in formula 601 601 It can be a substituted or unsubstituted anthracene group.

[0342] In an embodiment, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by formula 601-1:

[0343] Formula 601-1

[0344]

[0345] In Equation 601-1,

[0346] X 614 It can be N or C(R) 614 ), X 615 It can be N or C(R) 615 ), X 616 It can be N or C(R) 616 ), and selected from X 614 To X 616 At least one of them can be N,

[0347] L 611 To L 613 By referring to and combining L 601 To understand the proposed description,

[0348] xe611 to xe613 can be understood by referring to the description presented in xe1.

[0349] R 611 To R 613 This can be achieved by referring to and combining R. 601 To understand the proposed description, and

[0350] R 614 To R 616 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups.

[0351] In the implementation, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 in formulas 601 and 601-1 can each be 0, 1 or 2 independently.

[0352] The electron transport region may include at least one selected from compounds ET1 to ET45, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq, TAZ, NTAZ, or any combination thereof:

[0353]

[0354]

[0355]

[0356]

[0357] The thickness of the electron transport region can be approximately to approximately For example, about to approximately Within the range. When the electron transport region includes a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, an electron transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, or electron control layer can each be independently within approximately [a certain range]. to approximately For example, about to approximately Within a certain range, and the thickness of the electron transport layer can be approximately [missing information]. to approximately For example, about to approximately When the thickness of the buffer layer, hole blocking layer, electronic control layer and / or electronic transport layer is within any of these ranges, appropriate or satisfactory electronic transport characteristics can be obtained without a significant increase in driving voltage.

[0358] In addition to the materials mentioned above, the electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may further include materials containing metallic elements.

[0359] Materials containing metallic elements may include alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof. The metal ion in an alkali metal complex may be Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs ions, and the metal ion in an alkaline earth metal complex may be Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba ions. The ligand coordinating with the metal ion in the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal complex may be hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthrene, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0360] In this embodiment, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, compounds ET-D1 (LiQ) or ET-D2.

[0361]

[0362] The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates the injection of electrons from the second electrode 150. The electron injection layer may be in direct contact (e.g., physical contact) with the second electrode 150.

[0363] The electron injection layer may have: i) a single-layer structure including a single layer (e.g., consisting of a single layer) that includes a single material (e.g., consisting of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure including a single layer (e.g., consisting of a single layer) that includes a plurality of different materials (e.g., consisting of a plurality of different materials), or iii) a multi-layer structure including a plurality of layers that include different materials.

[0364] The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.

[0365] The alkali metal may include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal may include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof. The rare earth metal may include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0366] The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth metal compound, and the rare earth metal compound may include oxides and halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and / or iodides), tellurides, or any combination thereof of the alkali metal, the alkaline earth metal, and the rare earth metal.

[0367] The alkali metal compound may include alkali metal oxides (such as Li2O, Cs2O, and / or K2O), alkali metal halides (such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and / or KI), or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal compound may include alkaline earth metal oxides, such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (x is a real number satisfying the condition 0 < x < 1) or Ba x Ca 1-x O (x is a real number satisfying the condition 0 < x < 1). The rare earth metal compound may include YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, TbI3, or any combination thereof. In an embodiment, the rare earth metal compound may include lanthanide metal tellurides. Examples of lanthanide metal tellurides include LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, SmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, La2Te3, Ce2Te3, Pr2Te3, Nd2Te3, Pm2Te3, Sm2Te3, Eu2Te3, Gd2Te3, Tb2Te3, Dy2Te3, Ho2Te3, Er2Te3, Tm2Te3, Yb2Te3, and Lu2Te3.

[0368] Alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, and rare earth metal complexes may include i) one of the ions of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, and a rare earth metal, and ii) as a ligand attached to a metal ion, such as hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenidine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxyphenyloxadiazole, hydroxyphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, cyclopentadiene, or any combination thereof.

[0369] The electron-injected layer may include (e.g., composed of): alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof, and / or may further include organic materials (e.g., compounds represented by Formula 601).

[0370] In embodiments, the electron-injected layer may include (e.g., composed of): i) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide), or ii) a) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); and b) an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, or any combination thereof. In embodiments, the electron-injected layer may be a KI:Yb co-deposited layer or an RbI:Yb co-deposited layer.

[0371] When the electron injection layer further includes organic materials, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed in the matrix including the organic materials.

[0372] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be approximately to approximately , or, for example, about to approximately Within the range described above, when the thickness of the electron injection layer is within any of the aforementioned ranges, the electron injection layer can exhibit appropriate or satisfactory electron injection characteristics without a significant increase in the driving voltage.

[0373] Second electrode 150

[0374] The second electrode 150 may be located on the interlayer 130 having such a structure. The second electrode 150 may be a cathode (which is an electron injection electrode), and the material used for the second electrode 150 may be a metal, alloy, conductive compound, or any combination thereof, each having a low work function.

[0375] The second electrode 150 may include at least one selected from lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ytterbium (Yb), silver-ytterbium (Ag-Yb), ITO, IZO, and combinations thereof. The second electrode 150 may be a transmission electrode, a semi-transmission electrode, or a reflection electrode.

[0376] The second electrode 150 may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure including two or more layers.

[0377] Capping layer

[0378] The first capping layer may be located outside the first electrode 110, and / or the second capping layer may be located outside the second electrode 150. More specifically, the light-emitting device 10 may have a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, and the second electrode 150 are stacked in the order stated herein, or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are stacked in the order stated herein, or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are stacked in the order stated herein.

[0379] The light generated in the emitting layer 133 of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 10 can be extracted outward through the first electrode 110 (which is a semi-transparent electrode or a transmissive electrode) and the first capping layer, and the light generated in the emitting layer 133 of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 10 can be extracted outward through the second electrode 150 (which is a semi-transparent electrode or a transmissive electrode) and the second capping layer.

[0380] According to the principle of constructive interference, the first and second capping layers can increase the external luminous efficiency. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency of the organic light-emitting device 10 is increased, thereby improving the luminous efficiency of the organic light-emitting device 10.

[0381] Each of the first and second capping layers may include a material having a refractive index of 1.6 or greater (at a wavelength of 589 nm).

[0382] The first capping layer and the second capping layer can each be independently an organic capping layer including organic materials, an inorganic capping layer including inorganic materials, or a composite capping layer including both organic and inorganic materials.

[0383] The compound selected from at least one of the first and second capping layers may independently include a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amino-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthyl phthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or a combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, heterocyclic compound, and amino-containing compound may optionally be substituted with substituents containing O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof.

[0384] In an embodiment, at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include an amine-containing compound.

[0385] In an embodiment, at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a compound represented by formula 201, a compound represented by formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0386] In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently comprise a compound selected from compounds HT28 to HT33, compounds CP1 to CP6, β-NPB, or any combination thereof:

[0387]

[0388] electronic devices

[0389] The light-emitting device can be included in a variety of suitable electronic devices. In embodiments, the electronic device including the light-emitting device can be a light-emitting device and / or an authentication device, etc.

[0390] In addition to the light-emitting device, the electronic device (e.g., the light-emitting device) may further include i) a color filter, ii) a color conversion layer, or iii) a color filter and a color conversion layer. The color filter and / or color conversion layer may be located in at least one propagation direction of the light emitted from the light-emitting device. In embodiments, the light emitted from the light-emitting device may be blue light and / or white light. The light-emitting device may be the same as described above. In embodiments, the color conversion layer may include quantum dots. The quantum dots may be, for example, quantum dots as described herein.

[0391] An electronic device may include a first substrate. The first substrate includes a plurality of sub-pixel regions, a color filter includes a plurality of color filter regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions, and a color conversion layer may include a plurality of color conversion regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions.

[0392] A pixel definition layer can define each of multiple subpixel regions among multiple subpixel regions.

[0393] The color filter may further include a color filter region and a light-shielding pattern between adjacent color filter regions (or adjacent color conversion layers) of the color filter region, and the color conversion layer may further include a color conversion region and a light-shielding pattern between adjacent color conversion regions (or adjacent color conversion layers) of the color conversion region.

[0394] The color filter region (or color conversion region) may include a first region emitting a first color light, a second region emitting a second color light, and / or a third region emitting a third color light, wherein the first color light, the second color light, and / or the third color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. In an embodiment, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light. In an embodiment, the color filter region (or color conversion region) may include quantum dots. More specifically, the first region may include red quantum dots, the second region may include green quantum dots, and the third region may not include quantum dots. The quantum dots are the same as those described elsewhere in this specification. The first region, the second region, and / or the third region may further include a scatterer.

[0395] In one embodiment, the light-emitting device can emit first light, a first region can absorb the first light to emit a first first color light, a second region can absorb the first light to emit a second first color light, and a third region can absorb the first light to emit a third first color light. In this regard, the first, second, and third first color lights can have different maximum emission wavelengths from each other. More specifically, the first light can be blue light, the first first color light can be red light, the second first color light can be green light, and the third first color light can be blue light.

[0396] In addition to the light-emitting device 10 described above, the electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, wherein either the source electrode or the drain electrode is electrically connected to either the first electrode or the second electrode selected from the light-emitting device.

[0397] Thin-film transistors may further include gate electrodes and / or gate insulating layers, etc.

[0398] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, organic semiconductors and / or oxide semiconductors, etc.

[0399] The electronic device may further include a sealing portion for sealing the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be located between the color filter and / or color conversion layer and the light-emitting device. The sealing portion allows light from the light-emitting device 10 to be extracted to the outside while (e.g., synchronously) preventing or reducing the penetration of ambient air and moisture into the light-emitting device 10. The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate comprising a transparent glass substrate or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin-film encapsulation layer comprising at least one of an organic layer and an inorganic layer. When the sealing portion is a thin-film encapsulation layer, the electronic device may be flexible.

[0400] In the sealed portion, in addition to color filters and / or color conversion layers, various suitable functional layers may be further arranged depending on the purpose of the electronic device. Functional layers may include touchscreen layers and / or polarization layers, etc. The touchscreen layer may be a pressure-sensitive touchscreen layer, a capacitive touchscreen layer, and / or an infrared touchscreen layer. The authentication device may be, for example, a biometric authentication device for authenticating an individual using biometric information from a biometric sample (e.g., a fingertip and / or pupil).

[0401] In addition to the light-emitting device, the certification device may further include a bioassay information collector.

[0402] Electronic devices can be used for a variety of suitable displays, light sources, lighting, personal computers (e.g., mobile personal computers), mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic dictionaries, video game consoles, medical instruments (e.g., electronic thermometers, blood pressure monitors, blood glucose meters, pulse measuring devices, pulse wave measuring devices, electrocardiogram displays, ultrasound diagnostic devices and / or endoscopic displays), fish finders, a variety of suitable measuring instruments, measuring instruments (e.g., measuring instruments for vehicles, aircraft and / or ships) and / or projectors, etc.

[0403] Figure 2 and Figure 3 Description

[0404] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view is provided to show a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0405] Figure 2 The light-emitting device includes a substrate 100, a thin-film transistor (TFT), a light-emitting device, and a package portion 300 that seals the light-emitting device.

[0406] The substrate 100 may be a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, and / or a metal substrate. A buffer layer 210 may be on the substrate 100. The buffer layer 210 prevents or reduces the penetration of impurities through the substrate 100 and may provide a flat surface on the substrate 100.

[0407] The TFT may be located on the buffer layer 210. The TFT may include an active layer 220, a gate electrode 240, a source electrode 260, and a drain electrode 270.

[0408] The active layer 220 may include inorganic semiconductors (such as silicon and / or polysilicon), organic semiconductors and / or oxide semiconductors, and may include source regions, drain regions and channel regions.

[0409] A gate insulating film 230 for insulating the active layer 220 from the gate electrode 240 may be on the active layer 220, and the gate electrode 240 may be on the gate insulating film 230.

[0410] The interlayer insulating film 250 may be on the gate electrode 240. The interlayer insulating film 250 is between the gate electrode 240 and the source electrode 260 to insulate the gate electrode 240 from the source electrode 260, and between the gate electrode 240 and the drain electrode 270 to insulate the gate electrode 240 from the drain electrode 270.

[0411] Source electrode 260 and drain electrode 270 may be on interlayer insulating film 250. Interlayer insulating film 250 and gate insulating film 230 may expose the source and drain regions of active layer 220, and source electrode 260 and drain electrode 270 may contact (e.g., physical contact) the exposed portions of source and drain regions of active layer 220.

[0412] The TFT is electrically connected to a light-emitting device to drive the light-emitting device and is covered by a passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may include an inorganic insulating film, an organic insulating film, or a combination thereof. The light-emitting device is provided on the passivation layer 280. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode 110, a sandwich layer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0413] The first electrode 110 may be on the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 does not completely cover the drain electrode 270 and exposes a portion of the drain electrode 270, and the first electrode 110 may be connected to the exposed portion of the drain electrode 270.

[0414] A pixel defining layer 290, including an insulating material, may be present on the first electrode 110. The pixel defining layer 290 may expose a specific area of ​​the first electrode 110, and an interlayer 130 may be formed within the exposed area of ​​the first electrode 110. The pixel defining layer 290 may be a polyimide and / or polyacrylic acid-based organic film. In some embodiments, at least some layers of the interlayer 130 may extend across the upper portion of the pixel defining layer 290, and thus may be in the form of a common layer.

[0415] The second electrode 150 may be on the interlayer 130, and the capping layer 170 may be additionally on the second electrode 150. The capping layer 170 may cover the second electrode 150.

[0416] The encapsulation portion 300 may be on the capping layer 170. The encapsulation portion 300 may be on the light-emitting device and protect the light-emitting device from moisture and / or oxygen. The encapsulation portion 300 may include an inorganic film, which may include silicon nitride (SiN).x ), silicon dioxide (SiO) x Indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or combinations thereof; organic membranes, including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyoxymethylene, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, acrylic resins (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate or polyacrylic acid), epoxy resins (e.g., aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE)), or combinations thereof; or combinations of inorganic and organic membranes.

[0417] Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view is shown to illustrate a light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0418] Figure 3 Light-emitting devices and Figure 2 The light-emitting device is the same, except that the light-shielding pattern 500 and the functional area 400 are additionally present on the encapsulation portion 300. The functional area 400 may be i) a color filter area, ii) a color conversion area, or iii) a combination of a color filter area and a color conversion area. In the embodiment, it includes... Figure 3 The light-emitting device in the light-emitting equipment can be a series light-emitting device.

[0419] Preparation method

[0420] The layers constituting the hole transport region, the emission layer, and the electron transport region can be formed in specific regions using one or more suitable methods selected from vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Brookett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and laser-induced thermal imaging.

[0421] When the layers constituting the hole transport region, the emitter layer, and the electron transport region are formed by vacuum deposition, by considering the materials to be included in the layers to be formed and the structure of the layers to be formed, a deposition temperature in the range of about 100°C to about 500°C, and about 10 -8 To about 10 -3 Vacuum degree and approximately within the range of Torr / seconds to approximately Deposition was carried out at a deposition rate within the range of / second.

[0422] Definitions of at least some terms

[0423] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 60 "Carbocyclic group" refers to a cyclic group consisting only of carbon and having 3 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably C5-C6. 30 Carbocyclic groups, and as used herein by the term "C1-C" 60 "Heterocyclic group" refers to a cyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and further including heteroatoms in addition to carbon, preferably C2-C. 30Heterocyclic group. C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and C1-C 60 The heterocyclic group can be a monocyclic group consisting of a single ring or a polycyclic group in which two or more rings are fused together (e.g., combined together). In embodiments, C1-C 60 The number of cyclic atoms in a heterocyclic group can range from 3 to 61.

[0424] As used in this article, the term "cyclic group" includes C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups.

[0425] As used in this article, "π-electron-rich C3-C" 60 A cyclic group refers to a cyclic group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms and excluding *-N=*' as the cyclic moiety, and as used herein, a nitrogen-containing C1-C group lacking π electrons. 60 Cyclic groups refer to heterocyclic groups having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and including *-N=*' as the cyclic part.

[0426] For example, C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group can be i) group T1 or ii) a fused-ring group in which two or more groups T1 are fused together (e.g., bonded together) (e.g., cyclopentadienyl, adamantyl, norbornel, phenyl, pentaenyl, naphthyl, azuleyl, indaryl, acenaphthenic, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenantyl, peryl, penfenyl, heptaenyl, tetraphenyl, framyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, keratyl, ovoleyl, indole, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indophenantyl, or indoanthracene).

[0427] C1-C 60The heterocyclic group may be i) group T2, ii) a fused-ring group in which two or more groups T2 are fused together (e.g., bonded together), or iii) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T2 and at least one group T1 are fused together (e.g., bonded together) (e.g., pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, indocarbazole, indolecarbazole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenecarbazole, benzothiophenecarbazole, benzoindocarbazole, benzocarbazole, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthophene, benzonaphthothiophene, benzofuranyl, benzofuranyl, benzofuranyl, benzonaphthothio ...naphthothiophene, benzofuranyl, benzofuranyl, benzonaphthothiophene, benzonaphthothiophene, benzofuranyl, benzonaphthothiophene, benzofuranyl, benzonaphthothiophene, benzofuranyl, benzonaphthothiophene, benzonaphthothiophene, benzofuranyl, benzonaphthothiophene, benzonaphthothiophene, benzonaphthothiophene, benzonaphthothiophene, benzonaphthothiophene, benzonaphthophene, benzo Benzofurano, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzothiophene, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzoisooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl Isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinyl, cenolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazoyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl or azadibenzofuranyl),

[0428] C3-C rich in π electrons 60 The cyclic group may be i) group T1, ii) a fused-ring group in which two or more groups T1 are fused together (e.g., bonded together), iii) group T3, iv) a fused-ring group in which two or more groups T3 are fused together (e.g., bonded together), or v) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T3 and at least one group T1 are fused together (e.g., bonded together) (e.g., C3-C). 60 Carbocyclic groups, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzothiol, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzothiol, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, indole-carbazole, indole-carbazole, benzofuran-carbazole, benzothiophene-carbazole, benzothiophene-carbazole, benzoindole-carbazole, benzocarbazole, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthophene, benzonaphthothiol, benzofuran-dibenzofuranyl, benzofuran-dibenzothiophene or benzothiophene-dibenzothiophene).

[0429] Nitrogen-containing C1-C lacking π electrons 60The cyclic group may be i) group T4, ii) a fused-ring group in which two or more groups T4 are fused together (e.g., bonded together), iii) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T1 are fused together (e.g., bonded together), iv) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T3 are fused together (e.g., bonded together), or v) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T4, at least one group T1, and at least one group T3 are fused together (e.g., bonded together) (e.g., pyrazolyl, imidazole, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazole). The following groups are listed: β-carbazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinel, cinolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, or azadibenzofuranyl.

[0430] Group T1 can be cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptenyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (or, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane), norbornyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, or phenyl.

[0431] The group T2 can be furanyl, thiopheneyl, 1H-pyrrolyl, thiopheneyl, borocyclopentadienyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, azathiazolyl, azaboracyclopentadienyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, or tetraazinyl.

[0432] Group T3 can be furanyl, thiophene, 1H-pyrrole, thiophene, or borocyclopentadienyl.

[0433] The group T4 can be 2H-pyrrole, 3H-pyrrole, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolyl, azirthiolyl, aziboranecyclopentadienyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, or tetraazinyl.

[0434] As used in this article, terms such as "cyclic group" and "C3-C" are used to refer to the following: 60"Carbon ring group", "C1-C" 60 Heterocyclic groups, π-electron-rich C3-C 60 Cyclic groups or nitrogen-containing C1-C atoms lacking π electrons 60 "Cyclic group" refers to a group that is fused (e.g., bonded together) with a cyclic group, a monovalent group, or a polyvalent group (e.g., a divalent group, a trivalent group, or a tetravalent group, etc.) according to the structure of the formula described in the corresponding term. In embodiments, "phenyl" may be a benzo[a] group, a phenyl group, or a phenylene group, etc., which can be readily understood by those skilled in the art based on the structure of a formula including "phenyl".

[0435] In the implementation method, the unit price is C3-C. 60 Carbocyclic groups and monovalent C1-C 60 Examples of heterocyclic groups include C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, and divalent C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and divalent C1-C 60 Examples of heterocyclic groups are C3-C. 10 Cycloalkylene, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C1-C 60 Hypoaryl, divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups and divalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0436] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "alkyl" refers to a monovalent group of a straight-chain or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably C1-C. 20 Alkyl or C1-C 10 Alkyl groups, and examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, isodel, sec-decyl, and tert-decyl. The term "C1-C" as used herein... 60 "alkylene" refers to C1-C 60Alkyl groups having essentially the same divalent structure, preferably C1-C 20 Alkylene or C1-C5 alkylene.

[0437] As used in this article, "C2-C" 60 "Alkenyl" refers to the group at C2-C 60 A monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond at the main chain (e.g., middle) or end (e.g., tip) of an alkyl group, and examples include vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Ideinyl" refers to C2-C 60 Alkenes have divalent groups with substantially the same structure, preferably C2-C. 20 Alkenyl or C2-C5 alkenyl.

[0438] As used in this article, "C2-C" 60 "Alkyne group" refers to the group at C2-C 60 A monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at the main chain (e.g., middle) or end (e.g., tip) of an alkyl group, and examples include ethynyl and propynyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Iso-ynyl" refers to C2-C 60 The alkynyl group is a divalent group with essentially the same structure.

[0439] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Alkyloxy" refers to the compound formed by -OA 101 (where A) 101 For C1-C 60 The monovalent group represented by alkyl is preferred, C1-C. 20 Alkyl groups, and examples of them include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.

[0440] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples of such groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornelyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, and bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" is also relevant. 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups have divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0441] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10"Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, further comprising at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to a carbon atom, and examples include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups have divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0442] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and being non-aromatic (e.g., not aromatic), and non-limiting examples include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. The term "C3-C" is also used herein. 10 "Iridylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl groups are divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0443] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl groups are monovalent cyclic groups that have at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms, and have 1 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one double bond. C1-C 10 Examples of heterocyclic alkenyl groups include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxarizolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, and 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl groups have divalent groups with essentially the same structure.

[0444] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system (with 6 to 60 carbon atoms), and as used herein in the term "C6-C". 60 "Arylene" refers to a divalent group that has a carbocyclic aromatic system (with 6 to 60 carbon atoms). C6-C 60 Examples of aryl groups include fluorenyl, phenyl, pentanenyl, naphthyl, azuleyl, indole, acenaphthel, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentanenyl, heptanenyl, tetraphenyl, framyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubiginyl, myristyl, and ovoleyl. When C6-C 60 Aryl and C6-C 60 When each of the aryl groups comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings may fused together (e.g., bonded together).

[0445] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60"Heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system, which, in addition to a carbon atom, has at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom and has 1 to 60 carbon atoms. As used herein, the term "C1-C" is also relevant. 60 "Hypo-heteroaryl" refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system, which, in addition to a carbon atom, has at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom and has 1 to 60 carbon atoms. C1-C 60 Examples of heteroaryl groups include carbazole, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, benzo[a]quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzo[a]isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[a]quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzo[a]quinazolinyl, cenylyl, phenanthrolinel, phthalazinyl, and naphthidyl. When C1-C 60 heteroaryl and C1-C 60 When each of the heteroaryl groups comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings may fused together (e.g., bonded together).

[0446] As used herein, the term "monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms) having two or more rings fused together (e.g., bonded together), having only carbon atoms as cyclic atoms, and lacking aromaticity (e.g., not aromatic when considered as a whole) throughout its molecular structure. Examples of monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups include indenyl, fluorenyl, spiro-difluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, indeno[a]phenanthryl, and indeno[a]anthrayl. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0447] As used herein, the term "monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic group" refers to a monovalent group (e.g., having 1 to 60 carbon atoms) having two or more rings fused together (e.g., bonded together), having at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms, and being non-aromatic (e.g., not aromatic when considered as a whole) throughout its molecular structure. Examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups include pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, azacarbazole, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiophene, azadibenzothiophene, azadibenzofuranyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, and thiadiazolyl. Benzopyrazolyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzooxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, indolecarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, benzothiophenocarbazolyl, benzothiophenocarbazolyl, benzoindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthiophenyl, benzonaphthiophenyl, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzofuranodibenzothiophenyl, and benzothiophenodibenzothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0448] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryloxy" refers to -OA 102 (where A) 102 For C6-C 60 Aryl), and as used herein by the term "C6-C" 60 "Arylthio" refers to -SA 103 (where A) 103 For C6-C 60 Aryl).

[0449] As used in this article, the term "R" 10a "refer to:

[0450] Deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, or nitro;

[0451] Each of the following C1-C that was not replaced or was replaced by: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0452] Each of the following C3-Cs that were not replaced or were replaced: 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 aryloxy or C6-C 60 Aryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0453] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q)32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ).

[0454] The Q1 to Q3 and Q used in this article 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently represented as: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups; or C3-C groups that are unsubstituted or substituted with the following: 60 Carbocyclic groups or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0455] As used herein, the term "heteroatom" refers to any atom other than a carbon atom. Examples of heteroatoms include O, S, N, P, Si, B, Ge, Se, and any combination thereof.

[0456] As used herein, the term "Ph" refers to phenyl, "Me" refers to methyl, "Et" refers to ethyl, and "tert-Bu" or "Bu" refers to ethyl. t "Refers to tert-butyl, and as used herein, the term "OMe" refers to methyl methacrylate (MMA).

[0457] As used in this article, the term "biphenyl" refers to a phenyl group that has been substituted with a phenyl group. In other words, "biphenyl" is a phenyl group with a C6-C bond. 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0458] As used in this article, the term "terphenyl" refers to a phenyl group substituted with a biphenyl group. In other words, "terphenyl" is a phenyl group with a biphenyl-substituted phenyl group. 60 Aryl-substituted C6-C 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0459] Unless otherwise defined, as used herein, * and *' each refer to the binding site of the adjacent atom in the corresponding formula.

[0460] The compounds and luminescent devices according to the embodiments will be described in more detail below with reference to synthesis examples and embodiments. The phrase "replacing A with B" as used in the description of the synthesis examples means replacing A with the same molar equivalent of B.

[0461] Example

[0462] Synthesis Example 1: Synthesis of Compound 16

[0463]

[0464] Synthetic intermediate 16a

[0465] 5-Methylquinoline (1 eq) and iodine (0.2 eq) were added to dichloromethane, and then 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborhecyclopentadiene (4 eq) was added under a nitrogen atmosphere and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. The resulting solution was washed three times with dichloromethane and water, and the resulting organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then under reduced pressure. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 16a. (Yield: 80%)

[0466] Synthetic intermediate 16b

[0467] 1,3-Dibromo-5-methylbenzene (1 eq), intermediate 16a (2.1 eq), tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 16b. (Yield: 82%)

[0468] Synthetic compound 16

[0469] After dissolving intermediate 16b (1 eq) in o-dichlorobenzene, the flask was cooled to 0°C under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then BBr3 (2.5 eq) was slowly added. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 160°C and stirred for 6 hours. Following cooling, triethylamine was slowly added dropwise to the flask until the exothermic reaction ceased to terminate the reaction, and then hexane was added to precipitate the solid contents. The obtained solid was separated and purified by column chromatography, and then purified by recrystallization from MC / Hex to obtain compound 16. (Yield: 5%)

[0470] Synthesis Example 2: Synthesis of Compound 18

[0471]

[0472] Synthetic intermediate 18a

[0473] 5-(tert-butyl)quinoline (1 eq) and iodine (0.2 eq) were added to dichloromethane, and then 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborhecyclopentadiene (4 eq) was added dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere and stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. After washing the resulting solution three times with dichloromethane and water, the obtained organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then under reduced pressure. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 and then under reduced pressure. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 18a. (Yield: 60%)

[0474] Synthetic intermediate 18b

[0475] 1,3-Dibromo-5-(tert-butyl)benzene (1 eq), intermediate 18a (2.1 eq), tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 18b. (Yield: 85%)

[0476] Synthetic compound 18

[0477] After dissolving intermediate 18b (1 eq) in o-dichlorobenzene, the flask was cooled to 0°C under a nitrogen atmosphere, and BBr (2.5 eq) was then slowly added dropwise. After the dropwise addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 160°C and stirred for 6 hours. Upon cooling, triethylamine was slowly added dropwise to the flask until the exothermic reaction ceased to terminate the reaction, and then hexane was added to precipitate the solid contents. The solid obtained was purified by column chromatography and then recrystallized by MC / Hex to obtain compound 18. (Yield: 4%)

[0478] Synthesis Example 3: Synthesis of Compound 21

[0479]

[0480] Synthetic intermediate 21a

[0481] 5-Bromoquinoline (1 eq), phenylboronic acid (1.5 eq), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0.05 eq), and potassium carbonate (3 eq) were dissolved in THF:H₂O at a volume ratio of 4:1, and the mixture was then stirred at 90 °C for 12 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process was performed by column chromatography to obtain intermediate 21a. (Yield: 72%)

[0482] Synthetic intermediate 21b

[0483] Intermediate 21a (1 eq) and iodine (0.2 eq) were added to dichloromethane, and then 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborhexacyclopentadiene (4 eq) was added dropwise under a nitrogen atmosphere and stirred at room temperature for 48 hours. After washing the resulting solution three times with dichloromethane and water, the obtained organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and then under reduced pressure. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 21b. (Yield: 70%)

[0484] Synthetic intermediate 21c

[0485] 3,5-Dibromo-1,1'-biphenyl (1 eq), intermediate 21b (2.1 eq), tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 21c. (Yield: 85%)

[0486] Synthetic compound 21

[0487] Intermediate 21c (1 eq) was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene, and the flask was cooled to 0°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. BBr (2.5 eq) was then slowly added. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 160°C and stirred for 6 hours. After cooling, triethylamine was slowly added dropwise to the flask until the exothermic reaction ceased to terminate the reaction, and then hexane was added to precipitate the solid contents. The obtained solid was then separated and purified by column chromatography, and then purified by recrystallization from MC / Hex to obtain compound 21. (Yield: 3%)

[0488] Synthesis Example 4: Synthesis of Compound 24

[0489]

[0490] Synthetic intermediate 24c

[0491] 1,3-Dibromo-5-(tert-butyl)benzene (1 eq), intermediate 21b (2.1 eq), tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 24c. (Yield: 85%)

[0492] Synthetic compound 24

[0493] Intermediate 24c (1 eq) was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene, and the flask was cooled to 0°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. BBr (2.5 eq) was then slowly added. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 160°C and stirred for 6 hours. After cooling, triethylamine was slowly added dropwise to the flask until the exothermic reaction ceased to terminate the reaction, and then hexane was added to precipitate the solid contents. The obtained solid was separated and purified by column chromatography, and then purified by recrystallization from MC / Hex to obtain compound 24. (Yield: 5%)

[0494] Synthesis Example 5: Synthesis of compound 90

[0495]

[0496] Synthetic intermediate 90a

[0497] 3-(tert-butyl)aniline (1 eq), bromobenzene (1.1 eq), tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing three times with ethyl acetate and water with anhydrous magnesium sulfate was dried under reduced pressure. Subsequently, a separation-purification process was performed by column chromatography to obtain intermediate 90a. (Yield: 85%)

[0498] Synthetic intermediate 90b

[0499] 1,3-Dibromo-5-methylbenzene (1 eq), intermediate 90a (2.1 eq), [1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) dichloride (0.03 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (1.2 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 80 °C for 6 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 90b. (Yield: 85%)

[0500] Synthetic intermediate 90c

[0501] Intermediate 90b (1 eq), 5-(tert-butyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (1.1 eq), tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 90c. (Yield: 85%)

[0502] Synthetic compound 90

[0503] Intermediate 90c (1 eq) was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene, and the flask was cooled to 0°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. BBr (2.5 eq) was then slowly added. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 160°C and stirred for 6 hours. After cooling, triethylamine was slowly added dropwise to the flask until the exothermic reaction ceased to terminate the reaction, and then hexane was added to precipitate the solid contents. The obtained solid was separated and purified by column chromatography, and then purified by recrystallization from MC / Hex to obtain compound 90. (Yield: 5%)

[0504] Synthesis Example 6: Synthesis of compound 96

[0505]

[0506] Synthetic intermediate 96a

[0507] [1,1'-Biphenyl]-3-amine (1 eq), bromobenzene (1.1 eq), tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process was performed by column chromatography to obtain intermediate 96a. (Yield: 85%)

[0508] Synthetic intermediate 96b

[0509] 1,3-Dibromo-5-methylbenzene (1 eq), intermediate 96a (2.1 eq), [1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium(II) dichloride (0.03 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 80 °C for 6 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 96b. (Yield: 62%)

[0510] Synthetic intermediate 96c

[0511] Intermediate 96b (1 eq), 5-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (1.1 eq), tris(dibenzylacetone)dipalladium (0) (0.05 eq), tri-tert-butylphosphine (0.1 eq), and sodium tert-butoxide (3 eq) were dissolved in toluene and then stirred at 100 °C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling, the organic layer obtained by washing the resulting solution three times with ethyl acetate and water was dried under reduced pressure using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Subsequently, a separation-purification process by column chromatography was performed to obtain intermediate 96c. (Yield: 85%)

[0512] Synthetic compound 96

[0513] Intermediate 96c (1 eq) was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene, and the flask was cooled to 0°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. BBr (2.5 eq) was then slowly added. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 160°C and stirred for 6 hours. After cooling, triethylamine was slowly added dropwise to the flask until the exothermic reaction ceased to terminate the reaction, and then hexane was added to precipitate the solid contents. The obtained solid was separated and purified by column chromatography, and then purified by recrystallization from MC / Hex to obtain compound 96. (Yield: 5%)

[0514] Table 1 shows the compounds synthesized as described above. 1¹H NMR and MS / FAB. By referring to the above synthetic routes and source materials, those skilled in the art can easily identify compounds other than those shown in Table 1.

[0515] Table 1

[0516]

[0517] Example 1

[0518] As the anode, Corning 15Ω / cm 2 The ITO glass substrate is cut to a size of 50mm x 50mm x 0.7mm, ultrasonicated with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, and then cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet rays and ozone for 30 minutes. The ITO glass substrate is then supplied to the vacuum deposition equipment.

[0519] N,N'-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine (NPD) was vacuum deposited onto an ITO anode formed on a glass substrate to form a thickness of [missing information]. A hole injection layer was formed, and then compound HT3 was vacuum deposited on the hole injection layer to form a thickness of [thickness value missing]. The hole transport layer.

[0520] Hole transport compound CzSi was vacuum deposited onto the hole transport layer to form a thickness of [missing information]. The launch auxiliary layer.

[0521] mCP (host) and Compound 16 (doper) were co-deposited on the emission-assisted layer at a weight ratio of 99:1 to form a thickness of [missing information]. The emission layer.

[0522] Then, TSPO1 is deposited on the emitter layer to form a thickness of An electron transport layer is formed, and then TPBI is deposited on the electron transport layer to form a thickness of [thickness value missing]. The buffer layer.

[0523] Alkali halide metal LiF was deposited on a buffer layer to form a thickness of [missing information]. An electron-injected layer is formed, and Al is vacuum-deposited on it to form a thickness of [thickness value missing]. An Al electrode was constructed, and compound HT28 was deposited on the Al electrode to form a thickness of [missing information]. The sealing layer completes the manufacturing of the light-emitting device.

[0524]

[0525] Examples 2 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0526] The light-emitting device was manufactured in essentially the same manner as that used in Example 1, except that the compounds shown in Table 2 were used in forming the hole transport layer and the emission layer.

[0527] Evaluation Example 1

[0528] To evaluate the characteristics of the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, their performance at 10 mA / cm² was measured. 2 The driving voltage, luminous efficiency, and maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) at the given current density were determined. The driving voltage of the light-emitting device was measured using a source meter (Keithley Instrument Inc., 2400 series), and the maximum external quantum efficiency was measured using a Hamamatsu Photonics Inc. C9920-2-12 external quantum efficiency measurement device. In evaluating the maximum external quantum efficiency, luminance / current density was measured using a luminance meter calibrated for wavelength sensitivity, and the maximum external quantum efficiency was converted by assuming the introduction of a Lambertian angular luminance distribution of a perfectly reflective diffuser. Table 2 below shows the evaluation results of the light-emitting device characteristics.

[0529] Table 2

[0530]

[0531]

[0532]

[0533] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the light-emitting devices of Examples 1 to 6 have lower driving voltages and improved or similar luminous efficiency and maximum external quantum efficiency. Furthermore, compared with the light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the light-emitting devices of Examples 7 to 12 have lower driving voltages, improved luminous efficiency, and / or improved maximum external quantum efficiency.

[0534] Example 13

[0535] As the anode, Corning 15Ω / cm 2 The ITO glass substrate is cut to a size of 50mm x 50mm x 0.7mm, ultrasonicated with isopropanol and pure water for 15 minutes each, and then cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet rays and ozone for 30 minutes. The ITO glass substrate is then supplied to the vacuum deposition equipment.

[0536] m-MTDATA was vacuum deposited onto an ITO anode formed on a glass substrate to form a thickness of [missing information]. A hole injection layer was formed, and then compound HT3 was vacuum deposited on the hole injection layer to form a thickness of [thickness value missing]. The hole transport layer.

[0537] Compound AH-1 (host) and compound 16 (doper) were co-deposited on the hole transport layer at a weight ratio of 97:3 to form a thickness of [missing information]. The emission layer.

[0538] Then, compound ET37 was deposited on the emitter layer to form a thickness of A hole-blocking layer was formed, and then compounds ET42 and LiQ were co-deposited on the hole-blocking layer in a 50:50 weight ratio to form a thickness of [missing information]. The electron transport layer.

[0539] Al was vacuum deposited onto the electron transport layer to form a thickness of [missing information]. The cathode was used as a substrate, and compound HT28 was deposited on it to form a thickness of [missing information]. The sealing layer completes the manufacturing of the light-emitting device.

[0540]

[0541] Examples 14 to 18 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6

[0542] The light-emitting device was manufactured in essentially the same manner as in Example 13, except that, in forming the emitting layer, the compounds shown in Table 3 were used instead of compound 16.

[0543] Evaluation Example 2

[0544] In the same manner as used in Evaluation Example 1, its value was measured at 10 mA / cm. 2 The characteristics of the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Examples 14 to 18 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6 were evaluated by measuring the driving voltage and luminous efficiency at the specified current density. The evaluation results of the characteristics of the light-emitting devices are shown in Table 3 below.

[0545] Table 3

[0546] dopants in the emitter layer Drive voltage (V) Luminous efficacy (cd / A) Example 13 Compound 16 5.10 4.21 Example 14 Compound 18 4.67 4.42 Example 15 Compound 21 4.82 3.88 Example 16 Compound 24 4.66 4.37 Example 17 Compound 90 4.88 4.22 Example 18 Compound 92 4.90 4.20 Comparative Example 4 DABNA-1 5.51 3.81 Comparative Example 5 CE1 5.40 4.01 Comparative Example 6 CE2 5.67 3.77

[0547] As can be seen from Table 3, the light-emitting devices of Examples 13 to 18 have lower driving voltages and higher or similar luminous efficiency compared to the light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 4 to 6.

[0548] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein should be considered descriptive only and not for limiting purposes. The description of features or aspects in each embodiment should generally be considered applicable to other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. Although one or more embodiments have been described with reference to figures, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A light-emitting device, comprising: First electrode, The second electrode facing the first electrode, and A sandwich layer comprising an emission layer is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein: The interlayer further includes a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emitter layer. The hole transport region includes a compound represented by Formula 201, a compound represented by Formula 202, or a combination thereof, and The emission layer comprises at least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 Formula 201 Formula 202 In Equation 1, Rings A1 to A3 are each independently C5-C 30 Carbocyclic group, R1 to R5 are each selected independently from: Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy; Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 10 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, and pyrimidinyl; Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrolyl, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthrylolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazole alkyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafluorenyl and azadibenzothiophenyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrroleyl, thiopheneyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazoleyl, purinel, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazoleyl, phenanthroline, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazole, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophene, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiophene, -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 )； -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2); and Groups represented by formulas A-1 and A-2, Q1, Q2, Q 31 and Q 32 Each is selected independently from: -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H and -CD2CDH2; and Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl: deuterium, C1-C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl At least one of R1 to R3 is not hydrogen, and d1 to d3 are each an independent integer selected from 1 to 20. In equations A-1 and A-2, R 10 The same as described with respect to R1, and does not form cyclic groups with adjacent substituents. d10 is an integer selected from 1 to 13, and In equations 201 and 202, L 201 To L 204 Each independently is either unsubstituted or by at least one R 10b Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10b Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, L 205 For *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or by at least one R 10b Replacement C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10b Replacement C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10b Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10b Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, * and *' each indicate the binding site with the adjacent atom. xa1 to xa4 are each an independent integer selected from 0 to 5. xa5 is an integer selected from 1 to 10. R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each independently is either unsubstituted or by at least one R 10b Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10b Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, R 201 and R 202 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10b Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or with at least one R 10b The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10b Replacement C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups, R 203 and R 204 Optionally via a single bond, unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10b Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups, or unsubstituted or with at least one R 10b The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10b Replacement C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups, and na1 is an integer selected from 1 to 4, and R 10b for: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro; Each of the following C1-C that was not replaced or was replaced by: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof; Each of the following C3-Cs that were not replaced or were replaced: 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 aryloxy or C6-C 60 Aryl thiols: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or -Si(Q 31b )(Q 32b )(Q 33b )、-N(Q 31b )(Q 32b )、-B(Q 31b )(Q 32b )、-C(=O)(Q 31b )、-S(=O)2(Q 31b ) or -P(=O)(Q 31b )(Q 32b ), Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 and Q 31b To Q 33b Each of the following is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 Alkoxy group; C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups; or C1-C groups that are unsubstituted or substituted with the following: 60 Heterocyclic groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof The at least one fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 satisfies at least one selected from condition 1 and condition 2: Condition 1 R1 and R4 connect to each other to form unsubstituted C2-C 30 Heterocyclic monocyclic groups, and Condition 2 R2 and R5 connect to each other to form unsubstituted C2-C 30 Heterogeneous monocyclic groups.

2. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The first electrode is the anode. The second electrode is the cathode. The interlayer further includes an electron transport region between the emitter layer and the second electrode. The hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assist layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and The electron transport region further includes a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron control layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

3. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: A second capping layer located outside the second electrode and having a refractive index of 1.6 or greater.

4. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The fused ring compound represented by Formula 1 emits light with a maximum emission wavelength ranging from 400 nm to 500 nm.

5. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The interlayer further includes anthracene compounds.

6. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: Each of rings A1 to A3 is independently either phenyl or naphthyl.

7. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: R1 to R5 are each selected independently from: Hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy; Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 10 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl and naphthyl; Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purinyl, carbazole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole and dibenzocarbazole: deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purine, carbazole, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 ) and -B(Q 31 (Q) 32 ); -N(Q1)(Q2) and -B(Q1)(Q2); and The groups represented by formulas A-1 and A-2, and Q1, Q2, Q 31 and Q 32 Each is selected independently from: -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H and -CD2CDH2; and Unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, phenyl, and naphthyl; deuterium, C1-C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, and biphenyl, and Formulas A-1 and A-2 are the same as those described in claim 1.

8. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: R4 and R5 are each selected independently from: Hydrogen, deuterium and C1-C 20 alkyl; C1-C substituted by at least one of the following 20 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 10 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl; Cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl, each unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: deuterium, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, C1-C 20 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 ) and -B(Q 31 (Q) 32 );as well as Groups represented by formulas A-1 and A-2, Q 31 To Q 33 Each is selected independently from: -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H and -CD2CDH2; and Unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, phenyl, and naphthyl; deuterium, C1-C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, and biphenyl, and Formulas A-1 and A-2 are the same as those described in claim 1.

9. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: Each of R1 to R3 is not hydrogen.

10. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The at least one fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by at least one selected from Formulas 1-1 to 1-12: In formulas 1-1 to 1-12, R4 and R5 are the same as those described in claim 1, R 11 To R 14 As described in claim 1 in conjunction with R1, R 21 To R 24 The same as described in claim 1 in conjunction with R2, and R 31 To R 33 Same as described in claim 1 in conjunction with R3.

11. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The at least one fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by at least one selected from Formulas 2-1 and 2-2: Among them, in equations 2-1 and 2-2, X1 is *-(CR) 1a R 1b ) m1 -*', X2 is *-(CR) 2a R 2b ) m2 -*', m1 and m2 are each independent integers selected from 1 to 10. * and *' each indicate the binding site with the adjacent atom, and A1 to A3, R1 to R3, R5, and d1 to d3 are the same as those described in claim 1, R 1a R 2a R 1b and R 2b The same as described in claim 1 in conjunction with R1, and R 1a R 2a R 1b and R 2b Each of them does not form a cyclic group with the adjacent substituent.

12. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 11, wherein: m1 and m2 are each an integer selected from 1 to 4.

13. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 11, wherein: m1 is 2, and m2 is 2; m1 is 2 and m2 is 3; m1 is 2 and m2 is 4; m1 is 3, and m2 is 3; m1 is 3 and m2 is 4; or m1 is 4, and m2 is 4.

14. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 11, wherein: m1 and m2 are the same.

15. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 11, wherein: R 1a R 2a R 1b and R 2b Each is either hydrogen or deuterium.

16. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 11, wherein The at least one fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by at least one selected from Formulas 3-1 to 3-12: in, In equations 3-1 to 3-12, X1, X2, and R5 are the same as those described in claim 11, R 11 To R 13 As described in claim 11 in conjunction with R1, R 21 To R 23 The same as described in claim 11 in conjunction with R2, and R 31 To R 33 Same as described in claim 11 in conjunction with R3.

17. The light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The at least one fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 is represented by at least one selected from compounds 2 to 114:

18. A light-emitting device, comprising: First electrode, The second electrode facing the first electrode. An interlayer comprising an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, and A second capping layer located outside the second electrode and having a refractive index of 1.6 or greater, wherein: The emission layer comprises at least one fused ring compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 In Equation 1, Rings A1 to A3 are each independently C5-C 30 Carbocyclic group, R1 to R5 are each selected independently from: Hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkoxy; Each is selected from at least one of the following C1-C substituted. 20 Alkyl and C1-C 20 Alkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amidine, hydrazine, hydrazone, C1-C 10 Alkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, and pyrimidinyl; Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornel, norbornenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrrolyl, thiophene, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazole, purine, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazole, phenanthrylolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoxazole alkyl, benzoisoxazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl, benzocarbazolyl, dibenzocarbazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazolyl, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophenyl, azafluorenyl and azadibenzothiophenyl: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CF3, -CF2H, -CFH2, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, amido, hydrazyl, hydrazone, C1-C 20 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkoxy, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, norbornyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, phenyl, biphenyl, C1-C 10 Alkylphenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phenanthryl, anthraceneyl, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, pyrroleyl, thiopheneyl, furanyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazoleyl, purinel, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinolinyl, carbazoleyl, phenanthroline, benzimidazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophene, benzisothiazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophene, benzocarbazole, dibenzocarbazole, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, azacarbazole, azadibenzofuranyl, azadibenzothiophene, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiophene, -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -P(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 )； -N(Q1)(Q2), -B(Q1)(Q2), -C(=O)(Q1), -S(=O)2(Q1) and -P(=O)(Q1)(Q2); and Groups represented by formulas A-1 and A-2, Q1, Q2, Q 31 and Q 32 Each is selected independently from: -CH3, -CD3, -CD2H, -CDH2, -CH2CH3, -CH2CD3, -CH2CD2H, -CH2CDH2, -CHDCH3, -CHDCD2H, -CHDCDH2, -CHDCD3, -CD2CD3, -CD2CD2H and -CD2CDH2; and Each of the following is either unsubstituted or substituted with at least one of the following: n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, tert-pentyl, phenyl, naphthyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl: deuterium, C1-C 10 Alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, and triazinyl At least one of R1 to R3 is not hydrogen. d1 to d3 are each an independent integer selected from 1 to 20. The at least one fused-ring compound represented by Formula 1 satisfies at least one selected from condition 1 and condition 2: Condition 1 R1 and R4 connect to each other to form unsubstituted C2-C 30 Heterocyclic monocyclic groups, and Condition 2 R2 and R5 connect to each other to form unsubstituted C2-C 30 Heterocyclic monocyclic groups, Among them, in equations A-1 and A-2, R 10 The same as described with respect to R1, and does not form cyclic groups with adjacent substituents. d10 is an integer selected from 1 to 13, and * Indicates the binding site with adjacent atoms.

19. The light-emitting device of claim 18, further comprising: The encapsulation portion on the second capping layer The encapsulation portion includes an inorganic film, which includes silicon nitride, silicon oxide, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or any combination thereof. Organic membranes, comprising polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyoxymethylene, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, or any combination thereof; or The combination of the inorganic membrane and the organic membrane.

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