Acoustic window with compound shape for an ultrasound probe

Abstract

An ultrasound probe includes a housing configured to be grasped by a user, a transducer array coupled to the housing and configured to obtain ultrasound data, and an acoustic window disposed over the transducer array. The acoustic window includes an end surface configured to contact a subject. The end surface includes a compound shape including one or more arcuate portions and one or more straight portions. Associated methods, apparatus, and systems are also provided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to an ultrasound probe, and more particularly to an acoustic window having a compound geometry that advantageously maximizes the size of the acoustic window and minimizes the footprint of the ultrasound probe. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ultrasound probes have become an indispensable diagnostic tool in modern medicine due to their non-invasive nature and ever increasing resolution. During an ultrasound scan, the sonographer needs to have a clear acoustic path within the patient to produce a clear, unobstructed image. One major obstruction to ultrasound imaging is the patient's bone blocking the image. This is especially true with the ribs during a cardiac scan. In order to obtain a clear, unobstructed image of the heart, the sonographer must place the transducer between the rib spaces. For patients who are small framed and have small intercostal spaces, generating such a clear, unobstructed image is challenging. Finding the image also makes the patient uncomfortable as the sonographer can exert additional pressure on the thin tissue between the probe and the ribs. The handles of ultrasound probes are typically made of hard plastic. Conventional ultrasound probes have a hard plastic nose that can be placed into the patient's ribs, which causes discomfort to the patient, especially those who are older and / or thin. The patient's discomfort often results in a longer scan time as the sonographer attempts to obtain the necessary image without hurting the patient. SUMMARY

[0003] The present disclosure provides an improved ultrasound probe having an acoustic window with a compound shape. In particular, the continuous surface of the acoustic window that contacts the patient during imaging has an arcuate portion with two straight portions on either side of the arcuate portion. The two straight portions act as stabilizers that are positioned against, for example, the patient's ribs, such that the middle arcuate portion is positioned in the space between the ribs. This advantageously allows the ultrasound probe to more easily obtain a higher quality image of, for example, the patient's heart. During the imaging procedure, the transition between the arcuate portion and the straight portions forms a trough that traps ultrasound gel between the acoustic window and the patient's skin. The presence of more ultrasound gel improves the image quality and speeds up the imaging procedure as the user is less likely to have to reapply ultrasound gel. The arcuate portion has a smaller radius of curvature compared to conventional devices, which advantageously reduces acoustic reverberation and improves the ultrasound image quality. The acoustic window forms the entire end of the ultrasound probe that contacts the patient. This is more comfortable for the patient as the acoustic window is formed of a softer material compared to the harder material used for the housing of the ultrasound probe. This also reduces the footprint or amount of hard plastic of the ultrasound probe that contacts the patient at the end. Minimizing the footprint makes it faster and easier for the user to position the ultrasound probe on the patient's skin in order to image the desired anatomy within the patient.

[0004] According to an example embodiment, an ultrasound probe is provided. The ultrasound probe includes a housing configured to be grasped by a user, a transducer array coupled to the housing and configured to obtain ultrasound data, and an acoustic window disposed over the transducer array, wherein the acoustic window includes an end surface configured to contact a subject, wherein the end surface includes a composite shape including one or more arcuate portions and one or more straight portions.

[0005] In some embodiments, the composite shape includes an arcuate portion, and a first straight portion and a second straight portion disposed on opposite sides of the arcuate portion. In some embodiments, the arcuate portion is convex. In some embodiments, the first straight portion and the second straight portion are obliquely angled. In some embodiments, the end surface includes a first dimension and a second, perpendicular dimension; the second dimension is greater than the first dimension; and the arcuate portion, the first straight portion, and the second straight portion extend longitudinally along the second dimension. In some embodiments, the acoustic window includes one or more grooves configured to hold ultrasound gel, wherein the one or more grooves include transitions in the composite shape of the end surface between the one or more arcuate portions and the one or more straight portions. In some embodiments, the one or more grooves include a first groove including a transition between the arcuate portion and the first straight portion, and a second groove including a transition between the arcuate portion and the second straight portion. In some embodiments, the transitions are concave. In some embodiments, the acoustic window is structurally arranged such that the first straight portion is configured to be positioned against a first rib, the second straight portion is configured to be positioned against an adjacent second rib, and the arcuate portion is configured to be positioned against tissue between the first rib and the second rib. In some embodiments, the acoustic window includes a perimeter around the end surface. In some embodiments, the perimeter includes a rounded edge adjacent to the end surface. In some embodiments, the perimeter includes a lateral surface adjacent to the rounded edge. In some embodiments, the lateral surface is obliquely angled relative to the end surface. In some embodiments, the ultrasound probe further includes a distal surface, wherein the end surface of the acoustic window forms the entire distal surface, and a side surface, wherein the lateral surface of the perimeter of the acoustic window forms a first portion of the side surface, and the housing forms a second portion of the side surface. In some embodiments, the acoustic window includes a rectangular profile. In some embodiments, the transducer array includes a two-dimensional array. In some embodiments, the housing includes a distal portion and a proximal portion, wherein the distal portion includes a bulbous shape that defines a protuberance against which a user’s hand is positioned when grasping the proximal portion. In some embodiments, the housing includes a first material, and the acoustic window includes a second, softer material.

[0006] According to an example embodiment, a system is provided. The system includes an ultrasound probe including a housing configured to be grasped by a user, a transducer array coupled to the housing and configured to obtain ultrasound data, and an acoustic window disposed over the transducer array, wherein the acoustic window includes an end surface configured to contact a subject, wherein the end surface includes a composite shape including one or more arcuate portions and one or more straight portions, and a computer in communication with the ultrasound probe and configured to generate an ultrasound image based on the ultrasound data.

[0007] Other aspects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] Illustrative example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0009] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an ultrasound imaging system including a console and an ultrasound probe according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of an ultrasound probe according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 3 is a schematic top view of an acoustic window of an ultrasound probe according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0012] Figure 4 is a schematic side view of a distal end of an ultrasound probe (including an acoustic window and a distal portion of a housing) according to aspects of the present disclosure, including the acoustic window and the distal portion of the housing.

[0013] Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the ultrasound probe of Figure 4

[0014] Figure 6 is a schematic side view of a distal end of an ultrasound probe (including an acoustic window and a distal portion of a housing) according to aspects of the present disclosure, rotated 90° relative to Figure 4

[0015] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the ultrasound probe of Figure 6 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] ​​​For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the principles of the present disclosure, reference will now be made to embodiments illustrated in the drawings, and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the disclosure is intended. Alterations and further modifications of the described devices, and additional applications of the principles of the present disclosure are fully contemplated and are included within the scope of the present disclosure, as would occur to one ordinarily skilled in the art to which the present disclosure pertains. In particular, it is fully intended to include features, components, and / or steps described with respect to one embodiment in combination with features, components, and / or steps described with respect to other embodiments of the present disclosure. However, for the sake of brevity, multiple repetitions of these combinations will not be separately described.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an ultrasound imaging system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The ultrasound imaging system 100 includes a console 102 and an ultrasound probe 108. The ultrasound imaging system 100 can be used to obtain and display ultrasound images of anatomical structures. In some cases, the system 100 can include additional elements and / or can be implemented without Figure 1 one or more elements shown in FIG. 1.

[0018] The ultrasound probe 108 is sized and shaped, structured, arranged, and / or otherwise configured to be placed on or near a subject’s anatomy to visualize anatomical structures within the subject’s body. The subject can be a human patient or an animal. The ultrasound probe 108 can be positioned outside of the subject’s body. In some embodiments, the ultrasound probe 108 is positioned proximate to and / or in contact with the subject’s body. For example, the ultrasound probe 108 can be placed directly on and / or adjacent to the subject’s body. The view of the anatomical structures displayed in the ultrasound images depends on the position and orientation of the ultrasound probe 108. To obtain ultrasound data of the anatomical structures, the ultrasound probe 108 can be appropriately positioned and oriented by a user (e.g., a physician, a sonographer, and / or other medical personnel) such that the transducer array 112 transmits ultrasound waves and receives ultrasound echoes from the intended portion of the anatomical structures. The ultrasound probe 108 can be portable and suitable for use in a medical environment. In some cases, the ultrasound probe 108 can be referred to as an ultrasound imaging device, a diagnostic imaging device, an external imaging device, a transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) probe, and / or combinations thereof.

[0019] The ultrasound probe 108 includes a housing 110 that is structurally arranged, sized, and shaped and / or otherwise configured for handheld grasping by a user. In certain instances, the housing 110 can be referred to as a handle. In certain instances, a proximal portion 107 of the housing 110 can be referred to as a handle. The housing 110 surrounds and protects various components of the imaging device 108, such as the electronic circuitry 116 and the transducer array 112. Internal structures, such as a space frame for securing various components, can be positioned within the housing 110. In some embodiments, the housing 110 includes two or more portions that are connected together during the manufacturing process. The housing 110 can be formed from any suitable material, including a plastic, a polymer, a composite material, or a combination thereof. For example, the housing 110 can be formed from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polysulfone (PSU), and / or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). In some embodiments, the material of the housing 110 can include fiberglass.

[0020] The housing 110 and / or the ultrasound probe 108 includes a proximal portion 107 that terminates at a proximal end 117 and a distal portion 105 that terminates at a distal end 115. In certain instances, the ultrasound probe 108 can be described as having a proximal portion 107 and a distal portion 105. The imaging assembly of the ultrasound probe 108, including the transducer array 112, is disposed at the distal portion 105. All or a portion of the imaging assembly of the ultrasound probe 108 can define the distal end 115. The transducer array 112 can be directly or indirectly coupled to the housing 110. An operator of the ultrasound probe 108 can bring the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108 into contact with the body of a patient such that an anatomical structure is elastically compressed. For example, the imaging assembly including the transducer array 112 can be placed directly on or adjacent to the body of a subject. In some instances, the distal portion 105 is placed in direct contact with the body of a subject such that the transducer array 112 is adjacent to the body of the subject.

[0021] The ultrasound probe 108 is configured to obtain ultrasound imaging data associated with any suitable anatomical structure of a patient. For example, the ultrasound probe 108 can be used to examine any number of anatomical locations and tissue types, including but not limited to: organs, including the liver, heart, kidneys, gall bladder, pancreas, lungs; ducts; intestines; nervous system structures, including the brain, dural sac, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves; urinary tracts; and valves within a blood vessel, blood, chamber, or other portion of the heart, and / or other systems of the body. The anatomical structure can be a blood vessel, such as an artery or a vein of the patient’s vasculature, including the cardiac vasculature, the peripheral vasculature, the neural vasculature, the renal vasculature, and / or any other suitable lumen within the body. In addition to natural structures, the ultrasound probe 108 can be used to examine artificial structures, such as but not limited to heart valves, stents, shunts, filters, and other devices.

[0022] The transducer array 112 is configured to transmit ultrasound signals and receive ultrasound echo signals corresponding to the transmitted ultrasound signals. The echo signals are reflections of the ultrasound signals from anatomical structures within the subject's body. The ultrasound echo signals can be processed by the electronic circuitry 116 in the ultrasound probe 108 and / or the console 102 to generate ultrasound images. The transducer array 112 is part of the imaging assembly of the ultrasound probe 108, including an acoustic window / lens and matching material on the transmit side of the transducer array 112, and an acoustic backing material on the back side of the transducer array 112. The acoustic window and matching material have acoustic properties that facilitate the propagation of ultrasound energy in the intended direction (e.g., outward, into the patient's body) from the transmit side of the transducer array 112. The backing material has acoustic properties that impede or limit the propagation of ultrasound energy in unintended directions (e.g., inward, away from the patient's body) from the back side of the transducer array 112.

[0023] The transducer array 112 can include any number of transducer elements. For example, the array can include a value between 1 acoustic element and 10,000 acoustic elements, including values such as 2 acoustic elements, 4 acoustic elements, 15 acoustic elements, 64 acoustic elements, 128 acoustic elements, 500 acoustic elements, 812 acoustic elements, 3000 acoustic elements, 9000 acoustic elements, and / or other values that are larger and smaller. The transducer elements of the transducer array 112 can be arranged in any suitable configuration, such as a linear array, a planar array, an arcuate array, a curvilinear array, a circumferential array, a ring array, a phased array, a matrix array, a one-dimensional (ID) array, a 1.x-dimensional array (e.g., a 1.5D array), or a two-dimensional (2D) array. The array of transducer elements (e.g., arranged in one or more rows, one or more columns, and / or one or more orientations) can be controlled and activated collectively or independently. The transducer array 112 can be configured to obtain one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and / or three-dimensional images of a patient's anatomy. The ultrasound transducer elements can be piezoelectric / piezoresistive elements, piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUT) elements, capacitive micromachined ultrasound transducer (CMUT) elements, and / or any other suitable type of ultrasound transducer element.

[0024] The transducer array 112 is in communication with (e.g., electrically coupled to) the electronic circuitry 116. The electronic circuitry 116 can be any suitable passive or active electronic components, including integrated circuits (ICs), for controlling the transducer array 112 to obtain ultrasound imaging data and / or processing the obtained ultrasound imaging data. For example, the electronic circuitry 116 can include one or more transducer control logic chips. The electronic circuitry 116 can include one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). In some embodiments, the one or more ICs can include a micro-beamformer (pBF), an acquisition controller, a transceiver, a power supply circuit, a multiplexer circuit (MUX), etc. In some embodiments, the electronic circuitry 116 can include a processor, a memory, a gyroscope, and / or an accelerometer. The electronic circuitry 116 is disposed within the ultrasound probe 108 and is surrounded by the housing 110.

[0025] The ultrasound probe 108 includes a cable 114 to provide signal communication between the console 102 and one or more components of the ultrasound probe 108 (e.g., the transducer array 112 and / or the electronic circuitry 116). The cable 114 includes a plurality of electrical conductors 120 configured to transmit electrical signals between the console 102 and the ultrasound probe 108. For example, electrical signals representative of imaging data obtained by the transducer array 112 can be transmitted from the ultrasound probe 108 to the console 102 via the electrical conductors 120. Control signals and / or power can be transmitted from the console 102 to the ultrasound probe 108 via the electrical conductors 120. The cable 114 and / or the electrical conductors 120 can provide any type of wired connection, such as a proprietary connection, an Ethernet connection, any version of a Universal Serial Bus (USB) connection, or any version of a mini-USB. The cable 114 can also include a conduit 118 around the electrical conductors 120. The conduit 118 protects the electrical conductors 120 by preventing them from being directly exposed to external elements. A distal portion 109 of the cable 114 is coupled with a proximal portion 107 of the housing 110 of the ultrasound probe 108.

[0026] A connector 124 is disposed at a proximal portion 113 of the cable 114. The connector 124 is configured to removably couple with the console 102. When the connector 124 is received within a receptacle 103 of the console 102, signal communication is established between the ultrasound probe 108 and the console 102. In this regard, the ultrasound probe 108 can be electrically and / or mechanically coupled with the console 102. In some instances, the console 102 can be referred to as a computer or computing device. The console 102 includes a user interface 104 and a display 106. The console 102 is configured to process ultrasound imaging data obtained by the ultrasound probe 108 to generate ultrasound images and output the ultrasound images on the display 106. A user can control various aspects of acquiring ultrasound imaging data by the ultrasound probe 108 and / or displaying ultrasound images by providing input at the user interface 104. The imaging device 108 and the display 106 can be communicatively coupled, directly or indirectly, to the console 102.

[0027] One or more image processing steps can be accomplished by the console 102 and / or the ultrasound probe 108. The console 102 and / or the ultrasound probe 108 can include one or more processors in communication with a memory. The processor can be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), central processing unit (CPU), digital signal processor (DSP), other hardware device, firmware device, or any combination thereof configured to perform the operations described herein. In some embodiments, the memory is random access memory (RAM). In other embodiments, the memory is cache memory (e.g., memory cache of the processor), magneto resistive RAM (MRAM), read only memory (ROM), programmable read only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, solid state drive, hard disk drive, other form of volatile or non-volatile memory, or combination of different types of memory. In some embodiments, the memory can include a non-transitory computer readable medium. The memory can store instructions. The instructions can include instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the operations described herein.

[0028] Although the console 102 is shown as a movable cart in the illustrated embodiment, it can be appreciated that the console 102 can be a mobile device (e.g., a smartphone, a tablet, a laptop, or a personal digital assistant (PDA)) having an integrated processor, memory, and display. For example, the touchscreen of the mobile device can be the user interface 104 and the display 106. Figure 1

[0029] Figure 2 ​is a schematic perspective view of an ultrasound imaging probe 108 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. During operation of the ultrasound probe 108, a user positions a hand around a proximal portion 107 of a housing 110. The proximal portion 107 of the housing 110 can include a protrusion 210 formed on a side surface thereof. In the illustrated embodiment, the protrusion 210 is shown on one side of the probe 108. It should be appreciated that another protrusion 210 can be provided on an opposite side of the probe 108. The protrusion 210 is a protrusion that extends outwardly from an adjacent portion of the housing 110. In this regard, the distal portion 105 and / or the proximal portion 107 can have a generally smooth outer surface. The protrusion 210 is a structural variation in the smooth outer surface that allows the user to better grip the housing 110. In general, the housing 110 can include any suitable structural variation that improves user grip, including ridges, grooves, protrusions, textures, and contours. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the protrusion 210 is shown on one side of the probe 108. It should be appreciated that another protrusion 210 can be provided on an opposite side of the probe 108. The protrusion 210 is a protrusion that extends outwardly from an adjacent portion of the housing 110. In this regard, the distal portion 105 and / or the proximal portion 107 can have a generally smooth outer surface. The protrusion 210 is a structural variation in the smooth outer surface that allows the user to better grip the housing 110. In general, the housing 110 can include any suitable structural variation that improves user grip, including ridges, grooves, protrusions, textures, and contours.

[0030] The distal portion 105 of the housing 110 can have a bulbous shape 203 at an interface with the narrower proximal portion 107. The bulbous portion 203 (e.g., a base of the bulbous portion, at the interface with the narrower proximal portion 107) defines a protuberance against which a user’s hand is positioned when the user grips the proximal portion 107. In some cases, the protuberance provides the user with leverage to push while placing the ultrasound probe 108 in an intended position and / or orientation for imaging. The protrusion 210 and / or the bulbous shape 203 can advantageously improve the ergonomics of the ultrasound probe 108 and make the ultrasound probe 108 more comfortable for the user to hold more securely. The distal portion 105 tapers from the bulbous portion 203 to a distal end 205 of the housing 110. In some cases, the distal portion 105 of the housing 110 can be referred to as a nose piece or nose of the ultrasound probe 108.

[0031] The distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108 includes an acoustic window 202( Figure 1 ) positioned over the transducer array 112. In some cases, the acoustic window 202 can be referred to as a lens. The acoustic window 202 forms part of an imaging assembly of the ultrasound probe 108. In this regard, the acoustic window 202 can be mechanically and / or acoustically coupled to the transducer array 112. For example, the acoustic window 202 can be in contact, directly or indirectly (e.g., through an adhesive), with a transmit side of the transducer array 112. As described herein, the acoustic window 202 has a compound shape that advantageously improves usability, image quality, and patient comfort of the ultrasound probe 108. The acoustic window 202 is positioned adjacent to and / or proximate to the distal portion 105 of the housing 110.

[0032] The acoustic window 202 includes a distal-most end surface 207 that contacts the patient when the acoustic window 202 is in contact against the subject's skin during imaging. The distal-most end surface 207 can form the entire distal surface (e.g., outermost and distal-most surface) of the ultrasound probe 108. The acoustic window 202 can include a perimeter 209 that surrounds the distal-most end surface 207. The perimeter 209 forms a distal portion of the side surface of the ultrasound probe 108. In this regard, at the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108, the acoustic window 202 (rather than the housing 110) defines both the end surface and the side surface. A more proximal portion of the side surface of the ultrasound probe is formed by the outer surface of the housing 110.

[0033] The ultrasound probe 108 advantageously includes a smaller nose footprint. In this regard, conventionally, probes have a larger footprint because the handle forms at least a portion of the distal-most end of the probe. That is, conventional devices require a larger footprint because the handle requires some space at the distal-most end. By eliminating the distal portion 105 of the housing 110 from the distal-most end 207 of the ultrasound probe 108, instead having only the acoustic window 202 at the distal-most end 207 of the ultrasound probe 108, the size of the nose footprint is advantageously reduced. Because the ultrasound probe 108 has a smaller footprint, the acoustic window 202 can be more easily positioned by the sonographer between the ribs of the patient, which advantageously provides a higher quality image in the intercostal space. Better positioning in the intercostal space also advantageously reduces the likelihood of imaging artifacts in the ultrasound image, such as artifacts caused by the ribs of the patient. The smaller nose footprint also advantageously improves the efficiency of obtaining diagnostic images using the ultrasound probe 108 because the user more easily positions the acoustic window 202 in the desired location and / or orientation.

[0034] The acoustic window 202 can be formed of a material that is softer and / or more elastic than the material forming the housing 110. In this regard, the acoustic window 202 can be formed of any suitable, acoustically advantageous material, such as a plastic, a polymer, a composite material, or combinations thereof. Because the softer acoustic window 202 defines the end surface and the side surface at the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108, the imaging operation advantageously makes the patient more comfortable even when the user tilts or presses the probe against the patient to obtain a clearer view of the anatomy. In contrast, conventionally, the hard plastic of the handle formed on some or all of the surfaces (e.g., end and / or side) of the probe has caused discomfort to the patient.

[0035] In some embodiments, the acoustic window 202 is spaced apart from the distal end 205 of the housing 110. A filler material 208 can be disposed in the space between the acoustic window 202 and the distal end 205 such that no fluid enters the interior of the housing 110 and / or accumulation of biological material. The filler material 208 can be an adhesive, silicone, epoxy, resin, rubber, other suitable material, and / or combinations thereof. For example, the filler material 208 can be a room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone rubber, an adhesive, and / or a prepolymer and polymer containing epoxy groups.

[0036] Figures 3-7 One or more components at the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108 are shown, including the acoustic window 202 and / or the distal portion 105 of the housing 110, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the acoustic window 202. Figure 4 is a schematic side view of the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108. Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108. Figure 6 is a schematic side view of the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108 rotated 90° from the view shown. Figure 4 is a schematic side view of the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108 rotated 90° from the view shown. Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108. Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the distal end 115 of the ultrasound probe 108.

[0037] The distal-most surface 207 of the acoustic window 202 that contacts the patient includes an arcuate portion 302, a straight portion 304, and a straight portion 306. The arcuate portion 302 and the straight portions 304, 306 are exterior, distal surfaces of the acoustic window 202. The straight portions 304, 306 are disposed on opposite sides of the arcuate portion 302. The straight portions 304, 306 can be generally planar. As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The straight portions 304, 306 extend at an oblique angle relative to, for example, the distal end 205 of the housing 110, which can extend horizontally at 0°. The arcuate portion 302 can have a convex shape. The straight portions 304, 306 extend continuously from the arcuate portion 302 to form the compound shape of the distal surface 207.

[0038] The compound shape of the distal surface 207 is particularly advantageous for cardiac imaging. In this regard, the acoustic window 202 can be positioned in an intercostal space such that the straight portion 304 is positioned against one rib, the straight portion 306 is positioned against an adjacent rib, and the arcuate portion 302 is positioned against tissue between the two adjacent ribs. The straight portions 304, 306 advantageously act as stabilizers for the acoustic window 202 and / or the ultrasound probe 108. Conventional devices include only a single shape (e.g., a planar shape or a curved shape having a single radius of curvature) that contacts the patient's skin, which is particularly sensitive to any movement by the sonographer. Because the straight portions 304, 306 are positioned against the patient's ribs, the ultrasound probe 108 experiences less wobble during the ultrasound examination. The straight portions 304, 306 help the sonographer maintain the position of the ultrasound probe 108 after the imaging window is acquired. This advantageously improves the efficiency of the imaging workflow by avoiding repeated imaging during the patient examination.

[0039] In some cases, the acoustic window 202 and / or the distal-most surface 207 can be described with reference to at least two dimensions. The two dimensions are identified as the x-dimension and the y-dimension in Figures 3 to 7 . The two dimensions are perpendicular to each other. In an example embodiment, the arcuate portion 302 has positive curvature only along the y-dimension and not along the x-dimension Figure 6 and 7 . The positive curvature can provide the arcuate portion 302 with a convex shape. The arcuate portion 302 and the straight portions 304, 306 have zero curvature Figure 6 and 7 along the x-dimension Figure 4 and 5 along the y-dimension. The acoustic window 202 can also be described with reference to a third dimension. For example, the acoustic window 202 includes a height in the z-dimension. The acoustic window 202 can be symmetric about a central axis 342 along the x-dimension and a central axis 344 along the y-dimension Figure 3 .

[0040] The acoustic window 202 and / or the distal-most surface 207 can have a generally rectangular profile, as Figure 3As shown in the top view. The generally rectangular outline of the acoustic window 202 and / or surface 207 may have rounded corners. The acoustic window 202 and / or surface 207 may be longer in the x-axis and shorter in the y-axis. In this respect, the curved portion 302 and the straight portions 304, 306 may extend longitudinally along the longer x-axis. The length 334 of the acoustic window 202 may be between approximately 15 mm and approximately 30 mm and / or between approximately 20 mm and 25 mm, including values ​​such as 22.4 mm, 24 mm, 24.5 mm and / or other suitable values ​​larger and smaller. The width 332 of the acoustic window 202 may be between approximately 10 mm and approximately 20 mm and / or between approximately 15 mm and 18 mm, including values ​​such as 16 mm, 17.4 mm, 19 mm and / or other suitable values ​​larger and smaller. The perimeter 209 may include dimensions such as width 317 and length 319. In some embodiments, the width 317 and / or the length 319 may be between approximately 1 mm and approximately 3 mm.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the arcuate portion 302 has a radius of curvature 502. In some embodiments, the radius of curvature 502 can be between approximately 20 mm and approximately 30 mm, including values ​​such as 23 mm, 25 mm, 27 mm, and / or other suitable values ​​larger and smaller. The radius of curvature 502 of the arcuate portion 302 is advantageously smaller or tighter than the radius of curvature in conventional devices. In this respect, the arcuate portion 302 is more curved or more convex than those in conventional devices that have a flatter profile on the nose. A tighter radius of curvature 502 reduces reverberation during ultrasound transmission and reception, which advantageously improves ultrasound image quality. In some embodiments, the arcuate portion 302 can have a larger (flatter) or smaller (curved) radius of curvature 502. In some embodiments, the arcuate portion 502 can have a spherical radius. For example, the arcuate portion 502 can have positive curvature (e.g., convex) in both the x-axis and y-axis dimensions.

[0042] In embodiments where the transducer array 112 is a two-dimensional matrix array in which each transducer element or group of transducer elements can be individually controlled, the acoustic window 202 can be particularly advantageous. In some cases, matrix arrays have a larger aperture than linear arrays. According to various aspects of this disclosure, the acoustic window 202 minimizes the nose area occupied by the probe 108 to be smaller in size than or equal to the nose area occupied by a linear array probe. While one embodiment of the acoustic window 202 has been described with respect to a matrix array, it should be understood that the ultrasound probe 108 may comprise any suitable type of ultrasound array 112. For example, the same design of the acoustic window 202 can be used on a linear array probe. The curved nose design is acoustically helpful by advantageously increasing the speed at which the user can obtain diagnostic images. An exemplary profile of the transducer array 112 is shown in... Figure 3 As shown in the figure. In some embodiments, the outline of the transducer array 112 may be rectangular. The region of the transducer array 112 overlaps with the arcuate portion 302 and the straight portions 304, 306 of the acoustic window 202.

[0043] Acoustic window 202 includes a thickness between the farthest surface 207 and the inner surface 510, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown. The inner surface 510 is adjacent to a space 506 within the housing 110, in which the transducer array 112 and / or electronic circuitry 116 are positioned. In some embodiments, the inner surface 510 is generally a plane with rounded corners. For example, the inner surface 510 may have zero curvature in the x and y dimensions in the region overlapping with a portion of the arcuate portion 302 and the straight portions 304, 306. The emitting side of the inner surface 510 may contact the inner surface 510 directly or indirectly (e.g., using an adhesive). Due to the curvature of the distal surface 207, the thickness of the acoustic window 202 varies along the y-dimensional ( Figure 5 In this respect, the curved portion 302 is thicker than the straight portions 304 and 306. For any given axis along the x-dimension, the thickness of the acoustic window 202 does not change because the farthest surface 207 has zero curvature along the x-dimension. Figure 7 ).like Figure 5 and 7 As shown, the proximal portion 508 of the acoustic window is received within the distal portion 105 of the housing 110.

[0044] The acoustic window 202 includes a channel 324, 326 positioned on opposite sides of the arc portion 302. The channels 324, 326 are sized and shaped, structurally arranged and / or configured to retain ultrasound gel during an imaging procedure. The channels 324, 326 are transitions in the shape of the distal end surface 207 between the arc portion 302 and the linear portions 304, 306. In this regard, the channel 324 is formed by the transition between the arc portion 302 and the linear portion 304, and the channel 326 is formed by the transition between the arc portion 302 and the linear portion 306. Each of the channels 324, 326 can be described as having a generally concave radius due to the change in shape of the distal end surface 207. Trapping ultrasound gel between the channels 324, 326 advantageously increases the amount of gel positioned between the acoustic window 202 and the patient's skin during imaging. Conventional devices have a single radius of curvature, which does not facilitate trapping ultrasound gel. In fact, ultrasound gel is more likely to be pushed out by conventional devices. As a result, the sonographer must reapply gel in conventional imaging procedures. The channels 324, 326 provide walls to retain ultrasound gel within the scan area. Retaining more ultrasound gel between the acoustic window 202 and the patient's skin advantageously improves image quality because ultrasound gel is acoustically impedance matched, facilitating transmission and reception of ultrasound signals. Scan time during an imaging procedure is also advantageously reduced because the sonographer is less likely to have to reapply ultrasound gel to the patient.

[0045] The perimeter 209 of the acoustic window 202 surrounds the distal end surface 207. The perimeter 209 can have a generally rectangular profile with rounded corners. Figure 3 The perimeter 209 can include a rounded edge 314 adjacent the distal end surface 207 and a lateral surface 312 adjacent the edge 314. The perimeter 209 extends from the end surface 207 to form a continuous distal end surface 207 and side surface of the ultrasound probe 108. In this regard, the rounded edge 314 and / or the lateral surface 312 can form a compound shape of the acoustic window 202 with the distal end surface 207. For example, the rounded edge can be an arc portion and the lateral surface 312 can be a linear portion. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the rounded edge 314 is an arc portion and the lateral surface 312 is a linear portion. Figures 4-7As shown, edge 314 has a radius of curvature 504. In some embodiments, radius 504 can be between approximately 0.50 mm and approximately 1 mm, including values ​​such as 0.50 mm, 0.75 mm, and / or other suitable values ​​larger and smaller. In some cases, radius 504 is greater than or equal to 0.50 mm, which allows for at least a minimum amount of curvature for patient comfort and manufacturability. The maximum permissible radius can be the result of an optimization of the expected footprint and thickness of the component (e.g., acoustic window 202). In some cases, component thickness and radius 504 can depend on the application, such as the anatomy being imaged by ultrasound probe 108. Because edge 314 is part of acoustic window 202, the compliant material 314 forming the edge is softer than edges in conventional devices made of hard plastic. This advantageously improves patient comfort. In this respect, acoustic window 202 avoids harder and sharper edges that could uncomfortably extend into the patient's skin during imaging. Instead, edge 314 provides a softer and larger curve that is gentler when in contact with the patient's skin. like Figures 4-7 As shown, the lateral surface 312 of the periphery 209 extends at an inclined angle relative to, for example, the distal end 205 of the housing 110, which may extend horizontally at 0°.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the acoustic window 202 includes a proximal edge 402 adjacent to the lateral surface 312. The proximal edge 402 is spaced apart from the distal end 205 of the housing 110. In some embodiments, the edge 402 may be referred to as a rounded edge. The space 404 between the edge 402 and the distal end 205 is filled with a filler material 208. ​ ).

[0047] Components of the ultrasonic probe 108, such as the acoustic window 202 and / or housing 110, can be manufactured using any suitable process. This disclosure is not intended to, and should not, imply any limitation on any particular manufacturing process or technique.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will also recognize that the devices, systems, and methods described above can be modified in various ways. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments covered by this disclosure are not limited to the specific exemplary embodiments discussed above. In this regard, although exemplary embodiments have been shown and described, various modifications, alterations, and substitutions are contemplated in the foregoing disclosure. It should be understood that such variations can be made to the foregoing without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the appended claims should be interpreted broadly and in a manner consistent with this disclosure.

Claims

1. An ultrasound probe comprising: a housing (110) configured to be grasped by a user; a transducer array (116) coupled to the housing and configured to obtain ultrasound data; and an acoustic window (202) disposed over the transducer array, wherein the acoustic window comprises an end surface configured to form an entire distal surface of the ultrasound probe and contact a subject, wherein the end surface comprises a compound shape comprising a convex arcuate portion and first and second linear portions disposed on opposite sides of the arcuate portion, wherein the acoustic window comprises a periphery around the end surface, the periphery comprising a rounded edge adjacent to the end surface and a lateral surface adjacent to the rounded edge; wherein the acoustic window further comprises a proximal edge adjacent to the lateral surface; wherein each of the first and second linear portions continuously extends from the arcuate portion obliquely relative to a distal end of the housing to the rounded edge, and the lateral surface extends from the rounded edge obliquely away from the arcuate portion to the proximal edge; and wherein the lateral surface extends at an oblique angle relative to the distal end, and the rounded edge is located inboard of the proximal edge in a top view of the acoustic window; wherein the acoustic window is structurally arranged such that the first linear portion is configured to be positioned against a first rib, the second linear portion is configured to be positioned against an adjacent second rib, and the arcuate portion is configured to be positioned against tissue between the first and second ribs.

2. The ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein: the first linear portion and the second linear portion are obliquely angled.

3. The ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein: the end surface comprises a first dimension and a perpendicular second dimension; the second dimension is greater than the first dimension; and the arcuate portion, the first linear portion, and the second linear portion extend longitudinally along the second dimension. the acoustic window comprises one or more grooves configured to hold ultrasound gel, the one or more grooves comprising a transition in the compound shape of the end surface between the arcuate portion and each of the first and second linear portions.

4. The ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein, the one or more grooves comprise:

5. The ultrasound probe of claim 4, wherein, a first groove comprising a transition between the arcuate portion and the first linear portion; and a second groove comprising a transition between the arcuate portion and the second linear portion. the transitions are concave.

6. The ultrasound probe of claim 4, wherein, the lateral surface is obliquely angled relative to the end surface.

7. The ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein, the ultrasound probe further comprises:

8. The ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein, a distal surface, wherein the end surface of the acoustic window forms the entire distal surface; and a side surface, wherein the lateral surface of the periphery of the acoustic window forms a first portion of the side surface, and the housing forms a second portion of the side surface. the acoustic window comprises a rectangular profile.

9. The ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein, the transducer array comprises a two-dimensional array.

10. The ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein, ​ 11. The ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein, The housing includes a distal portion and a proximal portion, wherein the distal portion includes a bulbous shape that defines a convexity against which a user's hand is positioned when gripping the proximal portion.

12. The ultrasound probe of claim 1, wherein: the housing comprises a first material; and the acoustic window comprises a second material that is softer than the first material.

13. An ultrasound imaging system comprising: the ultrasound probe of any of claims 1-12; and a computer in communication with the ultrasound probe and configured to generate an ultrasound image based on ultrasound data obtained by the ultrasound probe.

Images