Irradiation device and reactor

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses an irradiation device and a reactor, comprising: an outer tube shell having a first accommodating cavity; and a sample tank placed in the first accommodating cavity; the sample tank having a sealed second accommodating cavity, and multiple pieces of the sample can be stacked in the second accommodating cavity along the axial direction; the first accommodating cavity and the sample tank are fixed along the axial direction, and a gap is set between the inner side wall of the first accommodating cavity and the outer wall of the sample tank. The irradiation device and the reactor of the embodiment of the present application can conveniently perform irradiation tests on samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of reactor engineering technology, and in particular to an irradiation device and a reactor. Background Art

[0002] Radiation damage to nuclear materials under the radiation of the neutron field in the reactor will cause changes in the material's microstructure. In order to evaluate the impact of such changes on parameters such as the mechanical properties, thermodynamic properties, irradiation performance, and service life of nuclear materials in the reactor, material irradiation testing is a must for the application of new nuclear materials in reactors.

[0003] Nuclear reactors can be divided into production reactors, experimental reactors and power reactors according to their different purposes. According to the test temperature, neutron injection rate level, neutron energy level and irradiation test time required for the material irradiation test, the irradiation test materials can be placed in different reactors for testing. At present, the irradiation performance test of materials is time-consuming, requires a large investment, and has inconsistent standards, which poses a risk of failing safety review. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application hope to provide an irradiation device and a reactor that can conveniently perform irradiation testing on samples.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0006] An irradiation device for loading a sample to be placed in a reactor for irradiation, comprising:

[0007] The outer tube shell has a first accommodating cavity;

[0008] and a sample tank placed in the first accommodating chamber; the sample tank has a sealed second accommodating chamber, and a plurality of the samples can be stacked axially in the second accommodating chamber;

[0009] The first accommodating cavity and the sample tank are fixed and limited along the axial direction, and a gap is set between the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity and the outer wall of the sample tank.

[0010] In one embodiment, the irradiation device comprises at least one sample holder placed in the second containing cavity, the sample holder having a third containing cavity capable of containing a plurality of the samples stacked axially; the sample holder is axially sleeved in the second containing cavity;

[0011] The sample rack is fixed in the second accommodating cavity along the axial direction, and a gap is provided between the inner wall of the second accommodating cavity and the outer wall of the sample tank.

[0012] In one embodiment, the irradiation device includes a gasket placed in the second accommodating cavity, and the gasket is arranged at the end of a plurality of samples stacked along the axial direction.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first accommodating chamber is a sealed chamber;

[0014] Alternatively, a guide channel is formed on the side wall of the outer tube shell, and the guide channel connects the first accommodating cavity with the external environment.

[0015] In one embodiment, the irradiation device comprises an upper joint and a lower joint, and the upper joint and the lower joint are respectively arranged at two ends of the outer tube shell along the axial direction;

[0016] The sample tank comprises a body, an upper end plug and a lower end plug, wherein the upper end plug and the lower end plug are respectively arranged at two ends of the body;

[0017] The upper joint and the upper end plug are positioned radially, and the lower joint and the lower end plug are positioned radially.

[0018] In one embodiment, the upper joint is formed with an upper outflow hole, and the upper outflow hole connects the first accommodating cavity with the external environment; and / or,

[0019] The lower joint is formed with a lower outflow hole, and the lower outflow hole connects the first accommodating cavity with the external environment; and / or,

[0020] An upper threaded section is formed at one end of the upper joint away from the outer tube shell; and / or,

[0021] A lower thread section is formed at one end of the lower joint away from the outer tube shell.

[0022] In one embodiment, the body is a shell that penetrates along the axial direction, and the upper end plug and the lower end plug are respectively arranged at two ends of the body to surround and form the second accommodating cavity; or,

[0023] The second accommodating cavity is arranged on the body and extends axially until a first opening is formed at one end of the body, one of the upper end plug and the lower end plug is arranged on the first opening, and the other is arranged on an end of the body away from the first opening.

[0024] In one embodiment, the sample tank has a fourth receiving chamber;

[0025] The second accommodating cavity is disposed on the body and extends axially until a first opening is formed at one end of the body;

[0026] The fourth accommodating cavity is disposed on the body and extends in the axial direction until a second opening is formed at an end of the body away from the first opening;

[0027] One of the upper end plug and the lower end plug is disposed on the first opening, and the other one is disposed on the second opening.

[0028] In one embodiment, the sample holder comprises a barrel having the third accommodating cavity and support portions arranged at two ends of the barrel, and a radial blocking piece extending inward is formed at at least one end of the barrel.

[0029] A reactor comprises the above-mentioned irradiation device.

[0030] In one embodiment, the reactor is a pressurized water reactor, a fast reactor, a low-temperature heating reactor, a space reactor, a boiling water reactor, a micro reactor, a zero-power reactor, a heavy water reactor, a power reactor or a marine power reactor.

[0031] An irradiation device and a reactor according to an embodiment of the present application are provided with an outer tube shell, having a first accommodating cavity; and a sample tank, which is placed in the first accommodating cavity; the sample tank has a sealed second accommodating cavity, and multiple samples can be stacked axially in the second accommodating cavity; the first accommodating cavity and the sample tank are fixed along the axial limit, and a gap is set between the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity and the outer wall of the sample tank; the samples loaded in the sample tank can be selected from the same type or different types, and the temperature of the internal sample is controlled by controlling the gap between the outer diameter of the sample and the side wall of the body of the sample tank, providing different temperature steps for the sample, so that irradiation tests of multiple samples can be completed at one time, the efficiency of material irradiation testing can be improved, and scientific research funds can be saved; and the irradiation device is simple in design and easy to use, and there is no need to repeatedly design the reactor or its loading container, saving design and development time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an irradiation device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the irradiation device from another perspective, wherein 1 / 4 of the structure is cut away to show the internal structure;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sample tank according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the body of the sample tank;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a sample tank according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sample holder according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein 1 / 4 of the structure is cut away to show the internal structure;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sample holder from another perspective;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gasket according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and technical features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, and the detailed descriptions in the specific implementation methods should be understood as explanations of the present application and should not be regarded as improper limitations on the present application.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", axial, radial, etc. are based on the attached Figure 2 Regarding the orientation or positional relationship shown, it should be understood that these orientation terms are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0042] A reactor comprises an irradiation device and a core.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the irradiation device includes an outer tube shell 1 and a sample tank 2. The outer tube shell 1 has a first accommodating chamber 11, and the sample tank 2 is placed in the first accommodating chamber 11. The sample tank 2 has a sealed second accommodating chamber 21, and multiple samples 9 can be stacked in the second accommodating chamber 21 along the axial direction; the first accommodating chamber 11 and the sample tank 2 are fixed in position along the axial direction, and a gap is set between the inner side wall of the first accommodating chamber 11 and the outer wall of the sample tank 2.

[0044] Specifically, the irradiation device includes an outer tube shell 1 and a sample tank 2. The material of the outer tube shell 1 can be zirconium alloy, iron-based material, aluminum alloy, copper alloy as required. The outer tube shell 1 has a first accommodating chamber 11, and the first accommodating chamber 11 is filled with a coolant as required, wherein the coolant can be an inert gas such as helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), or liquid metallic sodium. The coolant flows on the outer surface or inside of the outer tube shell 1 or circulates to take away the heat generated by irradiation. The sample tank 2 is placed in the first accommodating chamber 11; the sample tank 2 has a sealed second accommodating chamber 21, and multiple samples 9 can be stacked in the second accommodating chamber 21 along the axial direction. The second accommodating chamber 21 can be evacuated and filled with gas as required to change the internal thermal conductivity of the second accommodating chamber 21, control the internal temperature, and thus realize the control of the temperature of the sample 9. The gas here can be an inert gas such as helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), etc.

[0045] Since the neutron injection rate and energy spectrum radiated by the core are different in different height ranges, the height of the sample 9 in the sample tank 2 needs to be strictly controlled. The first accommodating chamber 11 and the sample tank 2 are fixed along the axial limit. The limiting method can be to respectively abut the two ends of the sample tank 2 with the top and bottom ends of the first accommodating chamber 11 along the axial direction, so as to achieve axial fixation, prevent the sample tank 2 from moving along the axial direction, and ensure that the samples 9 at different heights receive different temperature steps of irradiation. The gap between the inner wall of the first accommodating chamber 11 and the outer wall of the sample tank 2 is set to facilitate the coolant to flow through the outer surface of the outer tube shell 1 or the inside of the first accommodating chamber 11, enhance heat dissipation, ensure that the temperature of the sample tank 2 is the outer surface temperature of the outer tube shell 1, and ensure that the sample 9 can obtain appropriate irradiation to complete the corresponding test.

[0046] It is understandable that the sample 9 in the sample tank 2 should be set with a gap from the inner wall of the sample tank 2. That is, enough space is left for the radiation growth of the sample 9 in the sample tank 2 caused by radiation. The samples 9 loaded in the sample tank 2 can be selected from the same type or different types. The temperature of the sample 9 inside the sample rack 3 is controlled by controlling the gap between the outer diameter of the sample rack 3 and the side wall of the body 22 (mentioned below) of the sample tank 2, providing different temperature steps for the sample 9, so that the radiation test of multiple samples 9 can be completed at one time, improving the efficiency of material radiation test work and saving scientific research funds; and the irradiation device is simple in design and easy to use, and there is no need to repeat the design of the reactor or its loading container to save design and development time.

[0047] Sufficient neutrons will be generated in the core, and the irradiation device can be used to load the sample 9. The irradiation device can be embedded in the special irradiation channel in the core or partially replace the fuel rods and shielding rods in the reactor type to receive neutrons, so that the irradiation device is compatible with the core, saving research resources for the design, development and demonstration of nuclear material irradiation research. Neutrons irradiate the sample 9 loaded in the irradiation device. After the irradiation is completed, the sample 9 can be taken out for disassembly and post-irradiation inspection, so as to obtain the irradiation performance of the material.

[0048] A possible embodiment is as follows Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, the irradiation device includes at least one sample holder 3, which is placed in the second accommodating cavity 21. The sample holder 3 has a third accommodating cavity 31 capable of accommodating multiple samples 9 stacked in the axial direction; the sample holder 3 is axially placed in the second accommodating cavity 21. The second accommodating cavity 21 and the sample holder 3 are fixed in position along the axial direction, and a gap is set between the inner side wall of the second accommodating cavity 21 and the outer wall of the sample tank 2, leaving enough space for the samples 9 in the sample tank 2 to grow due to irradiation.

[0049] The outer diameter of the sample rack 3 can be changed as required by the irradiation test. By controlling the size of the cylinder 33 of the sample rack 3 and the body 22 of the sample tank 2, a certain gap exists between the two after assembly. The gap directly affects the heat dissipation performance, and thus the temperature of the sample 9 inside the sample rack 3 can be controlled. Usually, the number of samples 9 loaded in a sample rack 3 is 1 to 10. One, two or more sample racks 3 can be arranged in the second accommodating chamber 21 as required.

[0050] In addition, the sample racks 3 can be numbered and classified according to the material and number of the samples 9, which is convenient for statistics and design comparison. Adjacent sample racks 3 are stacked in the first accommodating cavity 11 along the axial direction, so that the first accommodating cavity 11 and the sample tank 2 are fixed along the axial direction to prevent axial movement. When there are multiple sample racks 3, not all sample racks 3 need to hold samples 9, which only play an axial support role.

[0051] It should be noted that, when the size of the body 22 of the sample tank 2 is constant, by designing sample racks 3 of different sizes, different temperature steps of the irradiation of the sample 9 can be ensured. Figure 5 In the non-limiting embodiment shown, when it is impossible to control the gap and thus the temperature by changing the outer diameter of the cylinder 33 of the sample holder 3, the sample holder 3 can be eliminated, and the sample 9 can be directly placed in the second accommodating chamber 21. The gap of the sample 7 can be controlled by changing the inner diameter of the second accommodating chamber 21, thereby achieving the control of the irradiation temperature of the sample 9.

[0052] A possible embodiment is as follows Figures 1 to 4as well as Figure 8 As shown, the irradiation device includes a gasket 4 placed in the second accommodating chamber 21, and the gasket 4 is arranged at the end of a plurality of samples 9 stacked along the axial direction. The gasket 4 is usually in the shape of a disc, a ring or a block, and the second accommodating chamber 21 can be evacuated and filled with gas as needed, so as to effectively control the temperature in the second accommodating chamber 21, which is conducive to the irradiation test of the sample 9.

[0053] exist Figure 5 In the illustrated non-limiting embodiment, when the sample holder 3 is removed from the irradiation device, the gasket 4 can be placed in the second accommodating cavity 21, and multiple samples 9 are stacked in the second accommodating cavity 21 along the axial direction, and a gasket 4 is set at the end of multiple samples 9, or between two samples 9. The material of the gasket 4 can be selected according to the material of the sample 9. When the sample 9 is in direct contact with the gasket 4, it can be used to study the irradiation interaction between the irradiated material and other materials in the stack.

[0054] In a possible embodiment, the first accommodating chamber 11 is a sealed chamber, and the first accommodating chamber 11 is filled with inert gases such as helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), etc. as needed to ensure that the thermal conductivity inside the first accommodating chamber 11 is consistent, thereby effectively controlling the temperature in the second accommodating chamber 21, which is beneficial to the irradiation test of the sample 9.

[0055] A possible embodiment is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a flow guide channel 12 is formed on the side wall of the outer tube shell 1, and the flow guide channel 12 connects the first accommodating chamber 11 with the external environment. Usually, the flow guide channel 12 is rectangular with semicircular openings at both ends, which facilitates the reciprocating circulation of liquid metallic sodium from the external environment to the first accommodating chamber 11, ensuring the uniform thermal conductivity inside the first accommodating chamber 11. And this shape is consistent with the structure of other components in the reactor, has little effect on the flow field of the coolant and the neutron injection distribution, and can save the verification test work of the components inside and outside the reactor.

[0056] In addition, the guide channel 12 can be a circular hole or an irregular shaped hole, depending on the design.

[0057] A possible embodiment is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the irradiation device includes an upper joint 5 and a lower joint 6. The materials of the upper joint 5 and the lower joint 6 can be zirconium alloy, iron-based material, aluminum alloy or copper alloy as required. The upper joint 5 and the lower joint 6 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the outer tube shell 1 along the axial direction; the connection method can be welding or threaded connection. Specifically, an upper thread section 52 is formed at one end of the upper joint 5 away from the outer tube shell 1; a lower thread section 62 is formed at one end of the lower joint 6 away from the outer tube shell 1. The irradiation rod (not marked) in the core of the reactor is designed with an internal thread that matches the upper thread section 52 and the lower thread section 62. Therefore, the irradiation device as a whole is connected to the irradiation rod inside the reactor assembly through the upper joint 5 and the lower joint 6, and is fixed inside the core, thereby realizing the irradiation test of the sample 9.

[0058] The sample tank 2 includes a body 22, an upper end plug 23 and a lower end plug 24, the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 are respectively arranged at both ends of the body 22, and the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 can be connected to the body 22 by clamping, threading or welding, which is subject to the design. The material of the body 22, the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 can be zirconium alloy, iron-based material, aluminum alloy or copper alloy as needed.

[0059] The upper joint 5 and the upper end plug 23 can be positioned radially, and the lower joint 6 and the lower end plug 24 can be positioned radially. Specifically, the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 are respectively provided with positioning posts (not marked) protruding axially, and the upper joint 5 and the lower joint 6 can be formed with corresponding positioning holes (not marked). The size of the positioning holes is slightly larger than the positioning posts, and the two holes and axes cooperate to achieve radial positioning. In addition, the lower joint 6 is axially upwardly abutted against the bottom end of the sample tank 2, and the sample tank 2 is stabilized by its own gravity, thereby achieving axial fixation of the sample tank 2.

[0060] A possible embodiment is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper joint 5 is formed with an upper outflow hole 51, which connects the first accommodating cavity 11 with the external environment; the lower joint 6 is formed with a lower outflow hole (not marked), which connects the first accommodating cavity 11 with the external environment, so that the coolant can flow inside the first accommodating cavity 11; when the irradiation device removes the core, the remaining coolant can flow out from the upper outflow hole 51 or the lower outflow hole, ensuring that there is no residual coolant inside the irradiation device and that the coolant will not affect the operator.

[0061] A possible embodiment is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the body 22 is a shell that penetrates in the axial direction, and the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 are respectively arranged at both ends of the body 22 to enclose and form a second accommodating cavity 21. The samples 9 are stacked in the second accommodating cavity 21 in the axial direction, and the gap of the samples 7 is controlled by changing the inner diameter of the second accommodating cavity 21, thereby achieving the control of the irradiation temperature of the samples 9.

[0062] A possible embodiment is as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second accommodating cavity 21 is disposed on the body 22 and extends axially until a first opening 211 is formed at one end of the body 22, one of the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 is disposed on the first opening 211, and the other is disposed on an end of the body 22 away from the first opening 211. That is, the second accommodating cavity 21 can be a blind hole, and the gap of the sample 7 can be controlled by changing the inner diameter of the second accommodating cavity 21, thereby achieving the control of the irradiation temperature of the sample 9.

[0063] A possible embodiment is as follows Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the sample tank 2 has a fourth accommodating chamber 25. Specifically, the body 22 has a first segment (not marked) and a second segment (not marked), wherein the second accommodating chamber 21 is in the first segment, the fourth accommodating chamber 25 is in the second segment, and the second accommodating chamber 21 is not connected to the fourth accommodating chamber 25. The second accommodating chamber 21 is arranged on the body 22 and extends axially until a first opening 211 is formed at one end of the body 22; the fourth accommodating chamber 25 is arranged on the body 22 and extends axially until a second opening 251 is formed at one end of the body 22 away from the first opening 211; one of the upper end plug 23 and the lower end plug 24 is arranged on the first opening 211, and the other is arranged on the second opening 251.

[0064] Therefore, the second accommodating chamber 21 and the fourth accommodating chamber 25 can be filled with different gases respectively to obtain different thermal conductivities, and then samples 9 with different temperature steps can be separated and placed. The irradiation temperature step of the sample 9 can be controlled by the gas thermal conductivity, and the design of the irradiation test is more flexible.

[0065] A possible embodiment is as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper end plug 23 is formed with a normally closed upper air outlet 231, and the upper air outlet 231 connects the first accommodating chamber 11 and the second accommodating chamber 21. The lower end plug 24 is formed with a normally closed lower air outlet 241, and the lower air outlet 241 connects the first accommodating chamber 11 and the fourth accommodating chamber 25. When the upper air outlet 231 or the lower air outlet 241 is opened, the second accommodating chamber 21 and the fourth accommodating chamber 25 can be conveniently evacuated, and after the evacuation is completed, different gases are filled into them from the upper air outlet 231 or the lower air outlet 241 to obtain different thermal conductivities, so as to facilitate the irradiation test of the sample 9 at multiple temperature steps.

[0066] A possible embodiment is as follows Figures 2 to 7As shown, the sample holder 3 includes a barrel 33 having a third accommodating chamber 31 and a support portion 32 arranged at both ends of the barrel 33, and the support portion 32 can be a ring or a support rod. The support portion 32 is supported on the inner wall of the second accommodating chamber 21 and the fourth accommodating chamber 25 so that the barrel 33 maintains a gap with the second accommodating chamber 21 and the fourth accommodating chamber 25. At least one end of the barrel 33 is formed with a radial baffle 34 extending inward to facilitate the placement of the sample 9 and the gasket 4 to prevent them from falling. The baffle 34 can generally be a ring or a convex block. The material of the barrel 33 and the support portion 32 can be zirconium alloy, iron-based material, aluminum alloy or copper alloy as required.

[0067] In a possible embodiment, the reactor to which the irradiation device is applied in the present application may be a pressurized water reactor, a fast reactor, a low-temperature heating reactor, a space reactor, a boiling water reactor, a micro reactor, a zero-power reactor, a heavy water reactor, a power reactor or a marine power reactor.

[0068] The various embodiments / implementations provided in this application can be combined with each other without causing any contradiction.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An irradiation device for loading a sample (9) for placement in a reactor for irradiation, characterized in that: include: An outer tube shell (1) having a first accommodating cavity (11), a flow guiding channel (12) being formed on a side wall of the outer tube shell (1), the flow guiding channel (12) connecting the first accommodating cavity (11) with the external environment; and a sample tank (2), which is placed in the first accommodating chamber (11); the sample tank (2) comprises a body (22) and an upper end plug (23); the second accommodating chamber (21) is arranged on the body (22) and extends axially until a first opening (211) is formed at one end of the body (22); the upper end plug (23) is arranged on the first opening (211); the upper end plug (23) is formed with a normally closed upper air outlet (231); the upper air outlet (231) connects the first accommodating chamber (11) and the second accommodating chamber (21); the upper air outlet (231) is used to evacuate or fill the second accommodating chamber (21); The first accommodating cavity (11) and the sample tank (2) are fixed in an axially limited manner, and a gap is provided between the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity (11) and the outer wall of the sample tank (2); At least one sample rack (3) is placed in the second accommodating cavity (21), the sample rack (3) having a third accommodating cavity (31) capable of accommodating a plurality of samples (9) stacked in an axial direction; the sample rack (3) is axially sleeved in the second accommodating cavity (21), the sample rack (3) comprising a cylinder (33) having the third accommodating cavity (31) and supporting portions (32) arranged at both ends of the cylinder (33), the supporting portions (32) being supported on the inner wall of the second accommodating cavity (21) so that a gap is maintained between the cylinder (33) and the body (22).

2. The irradiation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample holder (3) is fixed in the axial direction in the second containing cavity (21).

3. The irradiation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The irradiation device comprises a gasket (4) placed in the second accommodating cavity (21), and the gasket (4) is arranged at the ends of a plurality of samples (9) stacked along the axial direction.

4. The irradiation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The irradiation device comprises an upper joint (5) and a lower joint (6), wherein the upper joint (5) and the lower joint (6) are respectively arranged at two ends of the outer tube shell (1) along the axial direction; The sample tank (2) comprises a lower end plug (24), and the lower end plug (24) is arranged at one end of the body (22); The upper joint (5) and the upper end plug (23) are positioned radially, and the lower joint (6) and the lower end plug (24) are positioned radially.

5. The irradiation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper joint (5) is formed with an upper outflow hole (51), and the upper outflow hole (51) connects the first accommodating cavity (11) with the external environment; and / or, The lower joint (6) is formed with a lower outflow hole, and the lower outflow hole communicates with the first accommodating cavity (11) and the external environment; and / or, An upper threaded section (52) is formed at one end of the upper joint (5) away from the outer tube shell (1); and / or, A lower thread section (62) is formed at one end of the lower joint (6) away from the outer tube shell (1).

6. The irradiation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The body (22) is a shell that penetrates along the axial direction. The upper end plug (23) and the lower end plug (24) are respectively arranged at two ends of the body (22) to surround and form the second accommodating cavity (21).

7. The irradiation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sample tank (2) has a fourth accommodating chamber (25); The fourth accommodating cavity (25) is arranged on the body (22) and extends in the axial direction until a second opening (251) is formed at an end of the body (22) away from the first opening (211); The lower end plug (24) is arranged on the second opening (251).

8. The irradiation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one end of the cylinder (33) is formed with a radial blocking piece (34) extending inwards.

9. A reactor, characterized in that: Comprising the irradiation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The reactor according to claim 9, characterized in that The reactor is a pressurized water reactor, a fast reactor, a low-temperature heating reactor, a space reactor, a boiling water reactor, a micro reactor, a zero-power reactor, a heavy water reactor, a power reactor or a marine power reactor.

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