A trenching and ridge-building machine

Abstract

The trenching and ridge-building machine of the present invention includes a frame, a scraping disc, a ridge-building and pressing roller, a transmission assembly, a shock-absorbing element, a front side transmission box, and a rear side transmission box; the frame includes a front bracket and a rear bracket, and the shock-absorbing element is connected between the front bracket and the rear bracket; the transmission assembly includes a front reduction box and a rear reduction box, and the two reduction boxes are provided with side output ends; the front side transmission box and the rear side transmission box are respectively arranged on the front bracket and the rear bracket, and the output ends of the front side transmission box and the rear side transmission box are respectively connected to the scraping disc and the ridge-building and pressing roller, and the front side transmission box can be adjustably installed on the front bracket by adjusting the structural position. The trenching and ridge-building machine of the present invention adopts a soil scraping, trenching and ridge-building disc, which integrates soil scraping, trenching and ridge-building. The ridge distance and ditch width can be adjusted to meet various ridge-building parameter requirements. Combined with a suppression and forming device, it compacts and builds ridges. It can be used for paddy field ridge building and dry land ridge building. It has a simple structure, low cost and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a trenching and ridge-building machine based on tractor traction. Background Art

[0002] The existing ridge-building machine has a single function. No matter it is used for ridge-building in dry land or in paddy fields, the surface of the ridge built by the existing ridge-building machine is poor in solidity, easy to leak and collapse, especially for the flooded fields, which will cause leakage and affect the rice production, which is a very serious phenomenon. Therefore, manual secondary repair is required, which is extremely incompatible with large-scale mechanized farmland operations and greatly reduces the efficiency of ridge-building operations. At the same time, due to its overall rigid structure, if the existing ridge-building machine encounters large stones during ridge-building, the trenching machine is almost subjected to pure rigid impact and is easily damaged. It needs to be disassembled for repair and replacement at any time, which increases the cost of use and affects the operation efficiency. In addition, the trenching and scraping disc in the existing ridge-building machine is fixed and cannot be adjusted, and cannot adapt to different ridge-building requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a trenching and ridge-building machine with good ridge-building effect and a method of using the same, which can be used for both dryland and paddy field ridge-building, and can quickly and efficiently complete trenching and ridge-building. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:

[0004] The ditching and ridge-building machine includes a frame, a scraping disc, a ridge-building and pressing roller, a transmission assembly, a shock-absorbing element that can elastically extend and retract along the length direction, and a front side transmission box and a rear side transmission box whose input and output ends are arranged in parallel positions up and down; the frame includes a front support and a rear support hinged at the rear end of the front support, and the shock-absorbing element is connected between the front support and the rear support; the transmission assembly includes a front reduction gear box arranged on the front support and a rear reduction gear box arranged on the rear support and transmission connected to the front reduction gear box, and the two reduction gear boxes are respectively provided with side output ends corresponding to the left and right sides of the frame; the front side transmission box and the rear side transmission box are respectively arranged on the front support and the rear support, and the input ends are respectively connected to the corresponding side output ends of the reduction gear boxes on the corresponding supports, and the output ends of the front side transmission box and the rear side transmission box are respectively connected to the scraping disc and the ridge-building and pressing roller, and the front side transmission box is adjustably mounted on the front support through the position of the adjustment structure arranged on the front support, so that the support position of the scraping disc can be adjusted.

[0005] A further design of the trenching and ridge building machine is that the shock-absorbing element includes a long thick round tube, a coarse-hole washer, a thin round tube, a fine-hole washer and a spring. The coarse-hole washer and the fine-hole washer are respectively welded to the outer circumference of the thick round tube and the thin round tube, and the thin round tube is nested in the thick round tube to form a retractable tube body. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the tube body, and the two ends of the spring are respectively against the coarse-hole washer and the fine-hole washer. The corresponding ends of the thick round tube and the thin round tube relative to the two ends of the tube body are fixed to the rear bracket and the front bracket by bolt and nut assemblies.

[0006] A further design of the trenching and ridge-building machine is that the front reduction gearbox and the rear reduction gearbox are provided with output and input ends on opposite sides respectively, and the output and input ends are connected through a universal joint transmission.

[0007] A further design of the ditching and ridge-building machine is that an input end for receiving tractor power is provided on the front side of the front reduction gearbox.

[0008] A further design of the trenching and ridge building machine is that the front side transmission box and the rear side transmission box both include: a box body, an input gear placed in the box body and arranged in parallel in the up and down directions, a transition gear meshing with the input gear and an output gear meshing with the transition gear, the rotating shafts of the input gear and the output gear respectively form the input end and the output end; the transition gear includes several gears arranged in parallel up and down and meshing with each other, forming upper and lower meshing ends, the upper meshing end meshing with the input gear, and the lower meshing end meshing with the output gear.

[0009] The further design of the trenching and ridge building machine is that the adjusting structure includes: a square tube fixedly connected to the front side transmission box, a rotating end positioning plate provided with a circular hole and a rotating pin hole, and a free end positioning plate provided with a circular hole. The rotating end positioning plate and the free end positioning plate are correspondingly fixed to the front bracket and the rear bracket and are both double-layer plate structures, and the circular holes or rotating pin holes on the double-layer plates of the rotating end positioning plate or the free end positioning plate respectively correspond concentrically to each other. The height of the square tube is adapted to the layer spacing of the rotating end positioning plate and the free end positioning plate, and one end of the square tube is connected with a rotating pin as the rotating end, and the rotating end is hinged between the rotating end positioning plates through the rotating pin and is connected with a bolt through the circular hole of the rotating end positioning plate to limit the freedom of the rotating end on the rotating plane. The other end of the square tube is a free end and is connected with a bolt through the circular hole of the free end positioning plate to limit the freedom of the free end on the rotating plane.

[0010] A further design of the trenching and ridge building machine is that the front side transmission box is welded with a support plate, and the square tube is fixedly connected to the front side transmission box by welding to the support plate.

[0011] A further design of the trenching and ridge building machine is that welded bearing seat support plates are respectively provided on the square steel pipes on both sides of the front bracket, and the scraping disc is connected to the output shaft of the front side transmission box through the bearing seat support plate. The scraping disc is symmetrically distributed relative to the central longitudinal plane of the front bracket and forms an angle with the central longitudinal plane of the frame, forming an eight-shaped shape.

[0012] A further design of the trenching and ridge-building machine is that it also includes a three-point contoured suspension for connecting to a tractor. The three-point contoured suspension is welded and fixed to the front bracket. The three-point contoured suspension is provided with a circular pin hole for connecting when used for ridge-building in dry land and a floating annular pin hole for connecting when used for ridge-building in paddy fields.

[0013] A further design of the trenching and ridge building machine is that a compacting fan-shaped plate is installed on the inner side of the ridge building and pressing roller. The fan-shaped straight edge of the compacting fan-shaped plate on the forward side relative to the rotation direction of the ridge building and pressing roller is a connecting edge connected to the roller surface of the ridge building and pressing roller, and the fan-shaped straight edge on the other side is a free edge floatingly attached to the inner wall of the ridge building and pressing roller.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The present invention makes the frame of the ridge builder into two front and rear brackets hinged to each other, and a shock-absorbing element that can elastically expand and contract along the length direction is connected between the two brackets. If the ridge builder encounters a hard object such as a stone during operation, the frame can reduce the impact through the elastic rotation that can be restored between the two brackets, effectively protecting the scraper disc used for ditching; at the same time, the present invention decomposes the reduction gearbox used for power transmission into front and rear reduction gearboxes placed on the front and rear brackets, which can better adapt to the frame structure and the driven scraper disc and ridge-building pressing roller, so even if the front and rear brackets rotate relative to each other, good transmission can be performed; and the present invention drives the scraper disc and ridge-building pressing roller through the side transmission box arranged along the height direction, which makes the transmission structure simpler and is conducive to the adjustment of the scraper disc and the ridge-building pressing roller; in addition, the present invention provides an elastically deformable fan-shaped plate on the ridge-building pressing roller to better compact the ridge surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the trenching and ridge-building machine of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a side view of the trenching and ridge-building machine of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a top view of the front support portion of the ditching and ridge-building machine of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment mechanism.

[0020] Figure 5It is a front view of the trenching and ridge-building machine of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the ridge construction pressing roller.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the trenching and ridge-building machine of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the shock absorbing element.

[0024] Figure 9 The present invention is a flow chart of the use of the ditching and ridge-building machine.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a working effect diagram of the ditching and ridge-building machine of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1- three-point contouring suspension mechanism, 2- frame, 3- transmission assembly, 4- shock absorbing element, 5- scraping disc, 6- ridge-building and pressing roller, 201- front bracket, 202- rear frame, 203- pin hole, 204- circular pin hole, 205- floating pin hole, 206- right square tube, 207- left square tube, 208- upper rotating end positioning plate, 209- lower rotating end positioning plate, 210- upper free end positioning plate, 211- lower free end positioning plate, 213- rotating pin, 214- bolt, 301- front reduction gear box, 302- left gear transmission box, 303- right gear transmission box, 304- side plate, 305- Rear side transmission box, 306-rear reduction box, 307-right universal joint, 308-left universal joint, 309-middle universal joint, 310-rear universal joint, 401-long bolt, 402-nut, 403-thick hollow tube, 404-coarse hole washer, 405-spring, 406-fine hole washer, 407-fine hollow tube, 501-left support plate, 502-right support plate, 503-left scraper disc, 504-right scraper disc, 506-coupling, 507-right support plate, 508-left support plate, 601-ridge building and pressing roller, 602-compacting sector plate, 603-shaft, 604-bearing seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1The trenching and ridge-building machine of this embodiment mainly comprises a frame 2, a scraping disc 5, a ridge-building and pressing roller 6, a transmission assembly 3, a shock-absorbing element 4 that can be elastically extended and retracted along the length direction, and a front side transmission box 302 (303) and a rear side transmission box 305, the input and output ends of which are arranged in parallel positions up and down. The frame 2 mainly comprises a front bracket 201 and a rear bracket 202 hinged to the rear end of the front bracket. The shock-absorbing element 4 is connected between the front bracket 201 and the rear bracket 202. The transmission assembly 3 includes a front reduction box 301 disposed on the front bracket 201 and a rear reduction box 306 disposed on the rear bracket 202 and transmission-connected to the front reduction box 301. The two reduction boxes are provided with side output ends corresponding to the left and right sides of the frame, respectively. The front side transmission box 302 (303) and the rear side transmission box 305 are respectively arranged on the front bracket 201 and the rear bracket 202, and the input ends are respectively connected to the corresponding side output ends of the reduction box on the corresponding bracket through universal joints (307, 308 and 310). The output ends of the front side transmission box 302 (303) and the rear side transmission box 305 are respectively connected to the scraping disc 5 and the ridge-building and pressing roller 6, see Figure 9 The front side transmission box 302 (303) is adjustably mounted on the front bracket 201 through the adjustment structure provided on the front bracket, so that the supporting position of the scraper disc 5 can be adjusted. The traditional ridge-building machine is replaced with a scraper disc with adjustable angle and distance, and the parameters such as ridge height and ridge width can be adjusted to meet various field ridge-building requirements, avoiding the ridges required to be too large or too small due to different field conditions.

[0029] like Figure 2 The trenching and ridge-building machine of this embodiment also includes a three-point contoured suspension 1 for connecting to a tractor. The three-point contoured suspension 1 is welded and fixed to the front bracket 201. The three-point contoured suspension 1 is provided with a circular pin hole 101 for connecting when used for dryland ridge-building and a floating annular pin hole 102 for connecting when used for paddy field ridge-building.

[0030] like Figure 8 The shock absorbing element 4 of this embodiment is mainly composed of a thick circular tube 403, a coarse-hole washer 404, a thin circular tube 407, a fine-hole washer 406, and a spring 405. The coarse-hole washer 404 and the fine-hole washer 406 are respectively welded to the outer circumference of the thick circular tube 403 and the thin circular tube 407. The thin circular tube 407 is nested in the thick circular tube 403 to form a retractable tubular body. The spring 405 is sleeved on the outside of the tubular body, and the two ends of the spring 405 are respectively against the coarse-hole washer 404 and the fine-hole washer 406. The corresponding ends of the thick circular tube 403 and the thin circular tube 407 at the two ends of the tubular body are connected to the circular pin hole at the front end of the rear bracket 202 and the floating pin hole 205 at the rear end of the front bracket 201 through bolt and nut assemblies (401, 402), which can effectively facilitate the elastic floating of the rear frame up and down to prevent slipping.

[0031] The front reduction box 301 and the rear reduction box 306 of this embodiment are respectively provided with output and input ends on opposite sides, and the output and input ends are connected by a universal joint 309. The front side of the front reduction box 301 is provided with an input end for accessing tractor power.

[0032] The front side transmission box 302 (303) and the rear side transmission box 305 are each composed of a box body, an input gear disposed in parallel in the vertical direction within the box body, a transition gear meshing with the input gear, and an output gear meshing with the transition gear. The rotating shafts of the input gear and the output gear respectively form the input end and the output end; the transition gear includes a plurality of gears disposed in parallel and meshing with each other, forming upper and lower meshing ends, the upper meshing end meshing with the input gear, and the lower meshing end meshing with the output gear.

[0033] like Figure 4 The adjustment structure of this embodiment mainly consists of: a square tube 206 (207) fixed to the front side transmission box, a rotating end positioning plate 208 (209) provided with a circular hole 215 and a rotating pin hole 216, and a free end positioning plate 210 (211) provided with a circular hole 215. The rotating end positioning plate 208 (209) and the free end positioning plate 210 (211) are respectively fixed to the front bracket 201 and the rear bracket 202 and are both double-layer plate structures. The circular holes 215 or rotating pin holes 216 on the double-layer plates of the rotating end positioning plate 208 (209) or the free end positioning plate 210 (211) are all concentrically corresponding. The height of the square tube 206 is adapted to the layer spacing of the rotating end positioning plates (respectively, the upper rotating end positioning plate 208 and the lower rotating end positioning plate 209) and the free end positioning plates (respectively, the upper free end positioning plate and the lower free end positioning plate). One end of square tube 206 is connected to a rotating pin 213, forming the rotating end. This rotating end is hingedly connected to a rotating pin hole 216 on the rotating end positioning plate via rotating pin 213. A bolt is inserted through a circular hole 215 in rotating end positioning plate 208 to restrict the rotating end's freedom of movement in the rotational plane. The other end of square tube 206 is the free end, and a bolt 214 is inserted through a circular hole 215 in free end positioning plate 211 to restrict the free end's freedom of movement in the rotational plane.

[0034] Furthermore, the front side transmission box of the trenching and ridge building machine of this embodiment is welded with a support plate, and the square tube 206 (207) is fixedly connected to the front side transmission box by welding with the support plate.

[0035] like Figure 5 In this embodiment, the square steel tubes on both sides of the front bracket 201 are respectively provided with welded bearing seat support plates, and the scraping discs 5 (left scraping disc 503, right scraping disc 504) are connected to the output shafts of the front side transmission boxes (302, 303) through the bearing seat support plates. The scraping discs 5 are symmetrically distributed relative to the central longitudinal plane of the front bracket 201 and form an angle with the central longitudinal plane of the frame to form an eight-shaped shape, see Figure 3 .

[0036] like Figure 6 In this embodiment, a compacting fan-shaped plate 602 is installed on the inner side of the ridge-building roller 6 to prevent the soil scraped by the scraping disc from dispersing, instead concentrating the scraped soil and fully compacting the ridge. The fan-shaped straight edge of the compacting fan-shaped plate 602, facing the forward direction of the ridge-building roller's rotation, is connected to the roller surface 601 of the ridge-building roller 6 as a connecting edge. The fan-shaped straight edge on the other side is a free edge, floatingly attached to the inner wall of the ridge-building roller. The ridge-building roller 601 is welded integrally to the shaft 603, which is fixed to the right support plate 507 and left support plate 508 welded to the square tubes on either side of the rear frame 202 via a bearing seat 604.

[0037] like Figure 10 In this embodiment, the left scraping disc 503 and the right scraping disc 504 scoop up and turn over the soil to form a ridge body A, which is compacted by the ridge-building and pressing roller 601 to form a trapezoidal ridge that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. At the same time, two grooves B are formed on both sides of the ridge to facilitate the transportation of irrigation water.

[0038] The trenching and ridge-building machine of this embodiment integrates soil scraping, trenching, ridge building, and pressing in one, and can be applied to any rice planting agricultural machinery operation process, including the machine-inserted water-leveling operation process and the water-direct seeding and land preparation and sowing operation process. It replaces manual or excavator ridge-building, improves the reliability of ridge building, solves the current problem of poor ridge quality in paddy field ridge building, and achieves the purpose of quickly irrigating and draining paddy fields; this machine rearranges the power on the traditional ridge-building machine to solve the problem of insufficient power caused by field resistance in traditional ridge-building machines; the traditional scraping disc is replaced with an angle-distance adjustable scraping disc, which can adapt to different ridge-building parameters; the ditching and ridge-building machine pressing roller is provided with a compacting fan-shaped plate to avoid the dispersion of the soil scraped by the scraping disc, so that the scraped soil is more gathered and fully compacted for ridge building. The trenching and ridge-building machine of the present invention improves work efficiency and operation quality, and the agricultural production benefits will be significantly increased. This machine has the advantages of compact structure, low manufacturing cost, and good operation quality.

[0039] The technical solutions of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement methods fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A trenching and ridge-building machine, comprising a frame, a scraping disc, a ridge-building and pressing roller, and a transmission assembly, characterized in that: The front and rear wheels are connected to each other via a plurality of gears, and the front and rear wheels are connected to each other via a plurality of gears. The cam is connected to the front bracket and the rear bracket by a screw thread on the top of the cam, and the cam is connected to the front bracket by a screw thread on the top of the cam.

2. The trenching and ridge-building machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The shock-absorbing element includes a thick round tube, a coarse-hole washer, a thin round tube, a fine-hole washer and a spring. The coarse-hole washer and the fine-hole washer are respectively welded to the outer circumference of the thick round tube and the thin round tube. The thin round tube is nested in the thick round tube to form a retractable tube body. The spring is sleeved on the outside of the tube body. The two ends of the spring are respectively against the coarse-hole washer and the fine-hole washer. The corresponding ends of the thick round tube and the thin round tube relative to the two ends of the tube body are respectively fixed to the rear bracket and the front bracket by bolt and nut assemblies.

3. The trenching and ridge-building machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front reduction gearbox and the rear reduction gearbox are respectively provided with an output end and an input end on opposite sides, and the output end and the input end are connected through a universal joint transmission.

4. The trenching and ridge-building machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An input terminal for receiving tractor power is provided on the front side of the front reduction gearbox.

5. The trenching and ridge-building machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front side transmission box and the rear side transmission box both include: a box body, an input gear placed in the box body and arranged in parallel in the up and down directions, a transition gear meshing with the input gear, and an output gear meshing with the transition gear, the rotating shafts of the input gear and the output gear respectively form the input end and the output end; the transition gear includes several gears arranged in parallel and meshing with each other in the up and down directions, forming upper and lower meshing ends, the upper meshing end meshing with the input gear, and the lower meshing end meshing with the output gear.

6. The trenching and ridge-building machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The front side transmission box is welded with a support plate, and the square tube is fixedly connected to the front side transmission box by welding to the support plate.

7. The trenching and ridge-building machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a three-point contoured suspension for connecting to a tractor. The three-point contoured suspension is welded and fixed to the front bracket. The three-point contoured suspension is provided with a circular pin hole for connecting when used for making ridges in dry land and a floating annular pin hole for connecting when used for making ridges in paddy fields.

8. The trenching and ridge-building machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A compacting fan-shaped plate is installed on the inner side of the ridge-building pressing roller. The fan-shaped straight edge of the compacting fan-shaped plate on the forward side relative to the rotation direction of the ridge-building pressing roller is a connecting edge connected to the roller surface of the ridge-building pressing roller, and the fan-shaped straight edge on the other side is a free edge floatingly attached to the inner wall of the ridge-building pressing roller.

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