A forklift battery system

Abstract

The invention discloses a forklift battery system, comprising a BMS mainboard, wherein a charging control + end of the BMS mainboard is connected to a coil charging control + end of a charging relay, a charging control - end of the BMS mainboard is connected to a coil charging control - end of the charging relay and is connected in parallel to a coil discharge control - end of a discharge relay, and a coil discharge control + end of the discharge relay is connected to a discharge control + end of the BMS mainboard. The invention has a scientific and reasonable structure, is safe and convenient to use, a charging port and a discharge port are completely independent, and charging and discharging interlocking is realized to prevent the discharge relay from sticking. A discharge pre-charging circuit is designed to prevent the battery system from over-discharging, an over-discharging protection circuit is designed to adapt to low-temperature charging requirements, and a charging heating circuit is designed to facilitate maintaining a constant temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of electronic information technology, in particular to a forklift battery system. Background Art

[0002] The storage battery is one of the most widely used batteries. It uses a glass or plastic tank, filled with sulfuric acid, and then two lead plates are inserted, one connected to the positive pole of the charger, and the other connected to the negative pole of the charger. After more than ten hours of charging, a storage battery is formed. There is a voltage of 2 volts between its positive and negative poles. The advantage of the storage battery is that it can be used repeatedly. In addition, due to its extremely small internal resistance, it can provide a large current. It can be used to power the engine of a car. The instantaneous current can reach more than 20 amperes. When charging, the storage battery stores electrical energy, and when discharging, it converts chemical energy into electrical energy.

[0003] However, there is no unified standard for the current forklift battery system design. Different vehicle system architectures have different requirements for the battery system's structure, function and external display window. Improvements are needed in the battery system's charging and discharging interface design, discharge and pre-charging circuit design, battery system over-discharge protection design and low-temperature charging and heating design. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a forklift battery system, which can effectively solve the problems proposed in the above background technology that need to be improved in terms of battery system charging and discharging interface design, discharge pre-charging circuit design, battery system over-discharge protection design and low-temperature charging heating design.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a forklift battery system, comprising a BMS mainboard, wherein a charging control + terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected to a coil charging control + terminal of a charging relay;

[0006] The charging control terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected to the charging control terminal of the coil of the charging relay, and is connected in parallel to the discharge control terminal of the coil of the discharge relay;

[0007] The coil discharge control + terminal of the discharge relay is connected to the discharge control + terminal of the BMS mainboard;

[0008] The V+ terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected in series with the normally open port of the charging relay, the normally open port of the discharging relay and the fuse;

[0009] Another normally open port of the charging relay is connected to an external charging +, and another normally open port discharge end of the discharging relay is connected to a discharge -;

[0010] The fuse is connected to the capacitor and the V-terminal of the BMS mainboard in sequence, the capacitor is electrically connected to the ammeter, and the ammeter is connected to the heating film, the discharge port and the charging port;

[0011] The heating film is electrically connected to the heating fuse, the heating fuse is connected to the normally open port of the heating relay, the normally open port of the heating relay is connected in parallel with the charging +, and the charging + is connected to the normally open port of the other end of the charging relay;

[0012] The V+ terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected in parallel with the self-reset switch, and the other end of the self-reset switch is connected to the reset port of the BMS mainboard;

[0013] The charging port of the BMS mainboard is connected to the external charging port.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the pre-charge load terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected in series with the pre-charge battery terminal and the normally open port of the discharge relay.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the single cell voltage acquisition and single cell temperature acquisition of the BMS mainboard are connected through sensors, and the heating relay coil is connected to the signal end of the BMS mainboard.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the debugging interface of the BMS mainboard is connected to the external debugging port signal;

[0017] The BMS mainboard is externally connected to a 485 control interface.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, the charging port and the discharging port are both separately provided.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention has a scientific and reasonable structure, is safe and convenient to use, the charging port and the discharging port are completely independent, and the charging and discharging interlocking is realized to prevent the discharge relay from sticking. A discharge pre-charging circuit is designed to prevent the battery system from over-discharging. An over-discharge protection circuit is designed to adapt to low-temperature charging requirements, and a charging heating circuit is designed to facilitate maintaining a constant temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0021] In the attached picture:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a discharge pre-charge circuit diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] Example: Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, a forklift battery system, including a BMS mainboard, the charging control + terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected to the charging control + terminal of the coil of the charging relay;

[0026] The charging control terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected to the charging control terminal of the coil of the charging relay, and is connected in parallel to the discharge control terminal of the coil of the discharge relay;

[0027] The discharge control + terminal of the coil of the discharge relay is connected to the discharge control + terminal of the BMS main board;

[0028] The V+ terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected in series with the normally open port of the charging relay, the normally open port of the discharging relay and the fuse;

[0029] The other normally open port of the charging relay is connected to the external charging +, and the other normally open port of the discharging relay is connected to the discharging -;

[0030] The fuse is connected to the capacitor and the V-terminal of the BMS mainboard in sequence, the capacitor is electrically connected to the ammeter, and the ammeter is connected to the heating film, the discharge port and the charging port;

[0031] The heating film is electrically connected to the heating fuse, the heating fuse is connected to the normally open port of the heating relay, the normally open port of the heating relay is connected in parallel with the charging +, and the charging + is connected to the normally open port of the other end of the charging relay;

[0032] The V+ terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected in parallel with the self-reset switch, and the other end of the self-reset switch is connected to the reset port of the BMS mainboard;

[0033] The charging port of the BMS mainboard is connected to the external charging port.

[0034] According to the above technical solution, the pre-charge load terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected in series with the pre-charge battery terminal and the normally open port of the discharge relay.

[0035] According to the above technical solution, the single cell voltage acquisition and single cell temperature acquisition of the BMS mainboard are connected through sensors, and the heating relay coil is connected to the signal end of the BMS mainboard.

[0036] According to the above technical solution, the debugging interface of the BMS mainboard is connected to the external debugging port signal;

[0037] BMS mainboard external 485 control interface.

[0038] According to the above technical solution, the charging port and the discharging port are both separately provided.

[0039] The working principle and use process of the present invention: the battery system discharge circuit is: a battery pack, a discharge relay, a battery box discharge port, and a forklift motor system connected in series;

[0040] The battery system charging circuit is: charger, battery box charging port, charging relay, and series battery pack.

[0041] The charging connector uses A-RZ03-109F-1895A (160A female) connector, which integrates charging +, charging -, charging CANH, and charging CANL, and can be directly plugged into the matching charger;

[0042] The discharge connector uses Anderson SB175A600V, which integrates discharge + and discharge -;

[0043] like Figure 2 , discharge pre-charge circuit. Since the motor load contains a large bus capacitance, there will be a large impact current when the load is connected to the battery system. The impact current will cause irreversible damage to the fuse and relay. Therefore, this system is designed with a discharge pre-charge circuit. Considering the high cost-effectiveness of the forklift system, this design designs the pre-charge circuit in the BMS mainboard module to achieve a low-cost, high-performance design;

[0044] Charging process: When the charger is connected and turned on, the battery system will enter the charging mode when it is turned on. If it enters the charging mode, the BMS mainboard turns on the charging relay, sends a request for the maximum allowable charging current and the maximum allowable charging voltage to the charger through the charging CAN bus, and maintains the charger's power-on charging instruction. After the charger shakes hands with the BMS mainboard, it performs charging output according to the BMS mainboard request;

[0045] At this time, the BMS main board disconnects the discharge relay to prohibit the battery from discharging in the charging state.

[0046] Battery system shutdown: The system uses a self-reset switch as the power button. Press the switch for 3 seconds in the power-on state to enter the shutdown process. The shutdown process directly disconnects the main relay, the power-lock signal is released, and the system does not consume battery energy at all.

[0047] If the minimum voltage of the battery system is lower than 0℃, the heating relay is closed and the heating film is powered by the charger to heat the battery system. When the minimum temperature of the battery system reaches 10℃, the heating relay is disconnected and the charging relay is closed to start the charging process.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forklift battery system, characterized in that: It includes a BMS mainboard, wherein the charging control positive terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected to the charging control positive terminal of the coil of the charging relay; The charging control negative terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected to the charging control negative terminal of the coil of the charging relay, and is connected in parallel to the discharge control negative terminal of the coil of the discharge relay; The coil discharge control positive terminal of the discharge relay is connected to the discharge control positive terminal of the BMS mainboard; The V positive terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected in series with the normally open port of the charging relay, the normally open port of the discharging relay and the fuse; Another normally open port of the charging relay is connected to the external charging positive terminal, and another normally open port discharge terminal of the discharging relay is connected to the discharging negative terminal; The fuse is connected to the capacitor and the negative terminal V of the BMS mainboard in sequence, the capacitor is electrically connected to the ammeter, and the ammeter is connected to the heating film, the discharge port and the charging port; The heating film is electrically connected to the heating fuse, the heating fuse is connected to the normally open port of the heating relay, the normally open port of the heating relay is connected in parallel with the charging positive terminal, and the charging positive terminal is connected to the other normally open port of the charging relay; The positive terminal of V of the BMS mainboard is connected in parallel with the self-reset switch, and the other end of the self-reset switch is connected to the reset port of the BMS mainboard; The charging port of the BMS mainboard is connected to the external charging port.

2. A forklift battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-charge load terminal of the BMS mainboard is connected in series with the pre-charge battery terminal and the normally open port of the discharge relay.

3. A forklift battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single cell voltage collection and single cell temperature collection of the BMS mainboard are connected through sensors, and the heating relay coil is connected to the signal end of the BMS mainboard.

4. A forklift battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The debugging interface of the BMS mainboard is connected to the external debugging port signal; The BMS mainboard is externally connected to a 485 control interface.

5. A forklift battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The charging port and the discharging port are both separately arranged.

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