Radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting feeding assembly

Abstract

The radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting feeding assembly includes a general frame, a vertical hoist, a smelting furnace assembly, a trolley assembly, a feeding docking mechanism, a negative pressure dust removal mechanism and a material conveying mechanism; the general frame is provided with a first floor and a second floor from bottom to top; the vertical hoist is located between the first floor space and the second floor space; the smelting furnace assembly includes a tilting platform, a smelting furnace and a turning hydraulic cylinder; the trolley assembly includes a guide rail and a trolley; the feeding docking mechanism includes an outer funnel, an inner funnel and a traveling crane; the negative pressure dust removal mechanism includes an electric push rod A, a connecting frame, a dust collecting hood and a negative pressure dust collector; the material conveying mechanism includes a support, a belt conveyor A, a lower jacking component and an upper pulling assembly. The present invention is applied to the radioactive decontamination process of nuclear waste metal, improves the automation degree of the smelting process, and can largely avoid the operator from being exposed to nuclear radiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear waste metal treatment, in particular to a radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly. Background Art

[0002] The concept of "radioactive waste minimization" was first proposed in the technical document "Radioactive Waste Minimization and Separation" published by the International Atomic Energy Agency in 1992. The "radioactive waste minimization" mentioned above is to reduce the amount and activity of radioactive waste to a reasonably achievable level. The means of implementation include reducing the generation of radioactive sources, preventing the spread of nuclear pollution, recycling and reusing nuclear waste, optimizing nuclear waste management, etc., so as to reduce the adverse impact of nuclear waste on the environment and reduce the cost of nuclear waste disposal.

[0003] Radioactive decontamination of nuclear waste metals is a feasible approach to meet the requirement of “radioactive waste minimization”. On the one hand, it helps to reduce the amount of radioactive waste; on the other hand, it helps to achieve the recycling of radioactive waste and reduce the storage volume and storage cost of radioactive waste.

[0004] The specific radioactive decontamination process includes two steps: surface shot peening and smelting. Surface shot peening can effectively remove stains, rust and radioactive material layers on the surface of nuclear scrap metal, achieving the effect of radioactive decontamination. Smelting decontamination can release the radioactive nuclides retained in the nuclear scrap metal. The high temperature will cause some volatile radioactive nuclides to directly volatilize into aerosols, while other radioactive nuclides will be deposited in the slag produced by smelting. The volatilized gases and slag produced during the smelting process are collected to achieve the effect of radioactive decontamination.

[0005] However, the existing smelting system is not suitable for the radioactive decontamination process of nuclear scrap metal. The main reasons are as follows: 1. The loading process is manual. Under the premise that the metal to be smelted is nuclear scrap metal, it will cause radioactive damage to the operators and the labor intensity is high; 2. Nuclear scrap metal will produce radioactive aerosols during the smelting process. The volatilization of aerosols will cause inhalation damage to the respiratory system of the operators; 3. During the feeding process of the hot furnace, molten steel may splash out from the feeding port of the smelting furnace, posing a safety hazard.

[0006] In summary, in the process of radioactive decontamination of nuclear scrap metal, it is a problem that must be solved to improve the degree of automation of the smelting process in order to reduce the labor intensity of operators and avoid operators' exposure to nuclear radiation as much as possible. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly, which is applied to the smelting process of radioactive decontamination of nuclear waste metal, improves the degree of automation of the smelting process, and can largely avoid operators from being exposed to nuclear radiation.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting feeding assembly, including a general frame, a vertical hoist, a smelting furnace assembly, a trolley assembly, a feeding docking mechanism, a negative pressure dust removal mechanism and a material conveying mechanism;

[0009] The main frame is provided with a first floor and a second floor from bottom to top, a first floor space is between the first floor and the second floor, a second floor space is located at the upper end of the second floor, and a connecting opening is provided on the second floor connecting the first floor space and the second floor space;

[0010] The vertical elevator is fixedly installed on the main frame and is located between the first-floor space and the second-floor space. The lower end of the vertical elevator is provided with a material inlet connected to the first-floor space, and the upper end is provided with a material outlet connected to the second-floor space.

[0011] The smelting furnace assembly includes a tilting platform, a smelting furnace and a tilting hydraulic cylinder; the tilting platform is hingedly installed at the connecting port of the second floor plate and rotates in a vertical plane around the hinge; a smelting chamber is arranged inside the smelting furnace, and a feeding port connected to the smelting chamber and a drainage trough connected to the feeding port are arranged at the upper end of the smelting furnace. The smelting furnace is fixedly connected to the tilting platform at the upper end of the outer wall, and is located at the connecting port of the second floor plate, and is located between the first floor space and the second floor space; the tilting hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the first floor plate and the smelting furnace, the lower end of which is hinged on the first floor plate, and the upper end is hinged to the lower surface of the tilting platform, which is used to drive the tilting platform to rotate around its hinge, thereby driving the smelting furnace to rotate, so that the smelting furnace is converted between the working state and the pouring state; the smelting furnace is in a vertical posture in the working state, and the feeding port is vertically facing upward; the smelting furnace is in an inclined posture in the pouring state, and the liquid in the smelting chamber can be poured out through the feeding port and the drainage trough;

[0012] The trolley assembly includes a guide rail and a trolley; there are two guide rails, which are arranged parallel to each other and fixedly installed on the second floor bottom plate and distributed on both sides of the charging port of the smelting furnace; the two guide rails are arranged perpendicular to the drainage groove of the smelting furnace, one of which is relatively close to the drainage groove, and the other is relatively far away from the drainage groove; the trolley includes a body and electric wheels; the body is provided with hollow holes A and B; the electric wheels are installed at the lower end of the body; the trolley is movably installed on the two guide rails through the electric wheels;

[0013] The feeding and docking mechanism includes an outer funnel, an inner funnel and a traveling crane; the outer funnel is fixedly installed in the hollow hole A of the vehicle body and is in a trumpet shape with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part; the inner funnel is in a trumpet shape with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part and is consistent with the shape of the inner hole of the outer funnel, and a hanging ear for docking with the traveling crane is provided at its upper end; the traveling crane is installed in the second-floor space, and is used to control the movement of the inner funnel, thereby docking or separating the inner funnel with the outer funnel; when the inner funnel is docked with the outer funnel, the lower port of the inner funnel extends into the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace through the feeding port of the smelting furnace;

[0014] The negative pressure dust removal mechanism includes a dust collecting hood and a negative pressure dust collector; the dust collecting hood is installed on the trolley and is located in the hollow hole B of the trolley; an air path is provided inside the dust collecting hood, and the air path forms a dust collecting port and a dust exhaust port at both ends of the dust collecting hood, respectively; the dust collecting hood is located in the hollow hole B of the trolley, and the dust exhaust port and the dust collecting port thereon are respectively located at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow hole B; the negative pressure dust collector is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust port, a filter element is provided inside the negative pressure dust collector, and the air inlet of the negative pressure dust collector is connected to the dust exhaust port of the dust collecting hood through an air pipe;

[0015] The material conveying mechanism includes a support, a belt conveyor A and an upper pulling assembly; the support is fixedly installed in the second-floor space; the belt conveyor A is hinged on the support and rotates around the vertical plane of the hinge, thereby switching between a conveying state and an avoidance state; in the conveying state, it is used to convey the materials discharged by the vertical elevator into the smelting furnace, and in the avoidance state, it avoids the lifting and moving path of the inner funnel, the turning path of the smelting furnace and the turning path of the tilting platform; the upper pulling assembly is associated with the belt conveyor A to drive the belt conveyor A to rotate around its hinge;

[0016] The trolley is provided with a first position, a second position and a third position in sequence on the moving path along the guide rail; when the trolley is in the first position, the lower port of the outer funnel is vertically opposite to the feeding port of the smelting furnace in working state; when the trolley is in the second position, the lower port of the dust collecting hood is vertically opposite to the feeding port of the smelting furnace in working state; when the trolley is in the third position, the rotation paths of the trolley and the tilting platform are staggered up and down; only when the trolley is in the first position, the outer funnel and the inner funnel can be docked or separated.

[0017] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the material conveying mechanism also includes a lower supporting component; the lower supporting component is arranged between the second bottom plate and the frame A, the upper end of which is hinged to the second hinge of the frame A, and the lower end is suspended, and it always remains vertical as the belt conveyor A rotates; when the belt conveyor A is in a conveying state, the lower end of the lower supporting component is against the second bottom plate, thereby providing support for the belt conveyor A.

[0018] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the belt conveyor A comprises a frame A and a conveyor belt A installed on the frame A; the belt conveyor A is provided with a feed end A and a discharge end A at both ends along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt A; the frame A is provided with a first hinge, a second hinge and a third hinge in sequence from one end to the other end, the frame A is hingedly installed on the support through the first hinge, and the rotation path of the belt conveyor A around the first hinge is located in a vertical plane; the upper pulling assembly comprises a connecting frame, a steel cable and a winch; the lower end of the connecting frame is hingedly connected to the third hinge of the frame A; the lower end of the steel cable is connected to the third hinge of the frame A; The upper end of the connecting frame is connected, and the upper end of the steel cable is wound on the winch; the winch is fixedly installed on the support, and the winch drives the belt conveyor A to rotate around the first hinge by retracting and releasing the steel cable, thereby switching the belt conveyor A between the conveying state and the avoidance state. When the belt conveyor A is in the conveying state, its feeding end A is adjacent to and directly facing the material outlet of the vertical hoist, and the discharging end A is located directly above the feeding port of the smelting furnace to realize the transportation of materials; when the belt conveyor A is in the avoidance state, it avoids the lifting and lowering movement path of the inner funnel, the turning path of the smelting furnace and the turning path of the tilting platform.

[0019] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the trolley assembly also includes a universal ball seat and a steel ball, the lower end of the universal ball seat is fixedly mounted on the second floor plate or the tilting platform, and is located on the outside of a guide rail relatively close to the drainage groove, and the upper end of the universal ball seat is provided with a spherical pit for accommodating the steel ball, and the steel ball is movably mounted in the spherical pit of the universal ball seat; there are multiple universal ball seats, and all of the universal ball seats are arranged at intervals and arranged in a row parallel to the guide rail; when the trolley moves to any position along the guide rail, at least one steel ball on the universal ball seat contacts the lower surface of the trolley body; accordingly, the trolley body is a rectangular frame with four vertex corners, and the electric wheels are only arranged at the three vertex corners at the lower end of the body, and no electric wheel is arranged at the lower end of a vertex corner of the body relatively close to the drainage groove.

[0020] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the trolley assembly also includes an electric push rod B and a positioning sleeve; the electric push rod B is fixedly connected to one end of the trolley body and moves up and down in the vertical direction; the positioning sleeve is fixedly installed on the tilting platform and is located at the lower end of the electric push rod B; when the trolley is in the first position, the electric push rod B and the positioning sleeve are directly opposite each other up and down, and the electric push rod B extends into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve to lock the position of the trolley.

[0021] A further technical solution of the present invention is: when the inner funnel is docked with the outer funnel, the distance between the lower port of the inner funnel and the bottom surface of the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace is 0-5cm; a disposable soft pad is arranged in the lower port of the inner funnel, and the melting temperature of the soft pad is between 200-500℃.

[0022] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the negative pressure dust removal mechanism also includes an electric push rod A and a connecting frame; the electric push rod A is fixedly installed on the body of the trolley, and is fixedly connected to the dust hood through the connecting frame to drive the dust hood to move vertically.

[0023] A further technical solution of the present invention is: the vertical hoist includes an elevator shaft, a lifting platform, a traction drive device and a conveyor belt mechanism; a material inlet connected to the first floor space is provided at the lower end of the elevator shaft, and a material outlet connected to the second floor space is provided at the upper end; the lifting platform is installed in the elevator shaft through the traction drive device, and is driven by the traction drive device to perform vertical lifting movement; the conveyor belt mechanism is installed on the lifting platform, and a conveyor belt is provided on it, which moves up and down synchronously with the lifting platform, and then moves between an upper docking position and a lower docking position; when the conveyor belt mechanism is in the upper docking position, the conveyor belt is opposite to the material outlet to output materials, and when the conveyor belt mechanism is in the lower docking position, the conveyor belt is opposite to the material inlet to receive materials.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. It is applied to the smelting step of the nuclear waste metal radioactive decontamination process, which improves the automation level of the metal smelting and feeding process, can largely avoid the operators from being exposed to nuclear radiation, and provides necessary support for the recycling and reuse of nuclear waste metals;

[0026] Most of the nuclear scrap metals are collected from nuclear power plants or nuclear industrial enterprises. Except for a small part of the metals (such as the metals inside the reactor core) which are radioactively contaminated as a whole, most of the metals are radioactively contaminated only on the surface. The radioactive decontamination process of the nuclear scrap metals includes two steps: shot peening and smelting. The radiation dose in the nuclear scrap metals can be greatly reduced (to a radiation dose that meets the requirements of civilian steel). The molten liquid can be cast into different products according to actual application needs, turning the nuclear scrap metals into treasures, realizing the recycling and reuse of nuclear scrap metals, and fully meeting the requirements of "minimizing radioactive waste".

[0027] 2. It has a very high degree of automation. The entire process of loading-melting-pouring basically does not require manual intervention. In addition, while meeting the movement requirements of each component, multiple anti-interference structures (avoidance structures) are designed in a targeted manner according to the sequence and relative position relationship of each component during the movement process;

[0028] a. In order to avoid interference between the trolley and the furnace nozzle (the drainage trough is arranged on the furnace nozzle) during the movement of the trolley, on the one hand, the electric wheels at the lower end of the top corner of the trolley relatively close to the furnace nozzle are removed (that is, the trolley is only provided with electric wheels at the three top corners at the lower end); on the other hand, the universal ball seat and steel ball arranged on the second floor plate are used to provide auxiliary support for the trolley, thereby ensuring the stability of the trolley during movement;

[0029] b. In order to prevent the inner funnel from interfering with the belt conveyor A during docking or separation, on the one hand, a hinged structure that can rotate as a whole is designed for the belt conveyor A. On the other hand, the upper pulling assembly is used to provide the belt conveyor A with rotational power, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the belt conveyor A during rotation.

[0030] 3. It has good reliability, taking into full consideration various unfavorable factors in its working state, and has designed a variety of structures that help improve reliability;

[0031] a. In order to ensure that the trolley can be accurately aligned with the feeding port of the smelting furnace when it is in the first position and will not shake or slip due to the impact of the material, a locking structure in a specific state is designed for the trolley, that is, an electric push rod B is provided at one end of the trolley, and a positioning sleeve is provided at the corresponding position of the tilting platform. When the trolley is in the first position, the electric push rod B and the positioning sleeve are directly opposite each other, and the electric push rod B extends into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve to lock the position of the trolley;

[0032] b. In order to prevent the material from damaging the bottom surface of the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace when charging into a cold furnace, on the one hand, a disposable soft cushion is provided at the lower port of the inner funnel, and on the other hand, when the inner funnel is in the docking state, the distance between its lower port and the bottom surface of the smelting chamber is only 0-5cm; it can play a good buffering role when charging into a cold furnace, and prevent the bottom surface of the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace from being damaged;

[0033] c. In order to facilitate observation of the internal conditions of the smelting furnace at any time (through the feeding port) during the smelting process, the dust collecting hood is designed to be a height-adjustable structure.

[0034] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the figures and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a state diagram of the S01 step e of the smelting and charging method when each step is completed;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a state diagram when step S02 a of the smelting and charging method is completed step by step;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a state diagram of step S02 d of the smelting and charging method when each step is completed;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A.

[0040] Note: Vertical lift only Figure 1 It is shown in Figure 2-4 Not shown.

[0041] Legend: first floor plate 11; second floor plate 12; connecting port 13; vertical elevator 2; material inlet 21; material outlet 22; tilting platform 31; smelting furnace 32; feeding port 321; drainage trough 322; tilting hydraulic cylinder 33; guide rail 41; trolley 42; universal ball seat 43; steel ball 44; electric push rod B45; positioning sleeve 46; outer funnel 51; inner funnel 52; hanging ear 521; electric push rod A61; connecting frame 62; dust collecting hood 63; support 71; frame A721; first hinge 7211; second hinge 7212; third hinge 7213; conveyor belt A722; connecting frame 731; steel cable 732; winch 733; lower supporting component 74. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting feeding assembly includes a general frame, a vertical hoist 2, a smelting furnace component, a trolley component, a feeding docking mechanism, a negative pressure dust removal mechanism and a material conveying mechanism.

[0043] The main frame is provided with a first floor plate 11 and a second floor plate 12 from bottom to top. There is a first-layer space between the first floor plate 11 and the second floor plate 12. The upper end of the second floor plate 12 is a second-layer space. A connecting opening 13 connecting the first-layer space and the second-layer space is provided on the second floor plate 12.

[0044] The vertical hoist 2 is fixedly mounted on the main frame and is located between the first-floor space and the second-floor space. A material inlet 21 connected to the first-floor space is provided at its lower end, and a material outlet 22 connected to the second-floor space is provided at its upper end.

[0045] The smelting furnace assembly includes a tilting platform 31, a smelting furnace 32 and a turning hydraulic cylinder 33. The tilting platform 31 is hingedly mounted at the connecting port 13 of the second floor 12 and rotates in a vertical plane around the hinge. A smelting chamber is provided inside the smelting furnace 32. A feeding port 321 connected to the smelting chamber and a drainage trough 322 connected to the feeding port 321 are provided at the upper end of the smelting furnace 32. The smelting furnace 32 is fixedly connected to the tilting platform 31 at the upper end of the outer wall and is located at the connecting port 13 of the second floor 12 and between the first and second floor spaces. The turning hydraulic cylinder 33 is arranged between the first floor 11 and the smelting furnace 32. Its lower end is hinged on the first floor 11 and its upper end is hinged to the lower surface of the tilting platform 31. It is used to drive the tilting platform 31 to rotate around its hinge, thereby driving the smelting furnace 32 to rotate, so that the smelting furnace 32 is switched between the working state and the dumping state. The smelting furnace 32 is in a vertical position in the working state, and the feeding port 321 is vertically facing upward. The smelting furnace 32 is in an inclined position in the pouring state, and the liquid in the smelting chamber can be poured out through the feeding port 321 and the drainage groove 322.

[0046] The trolley assembly includes a guide rail 41 and a trolley 42. There are two guide rails 41, which are arranged parallel to each other and fixedly mounted on the second floor 12, and are distributed on both sides of the feeding port 321 of the smelting furnace 32. The two guide rails are arranged perpendicular to the drainage groove 322 of the smelting furnace 32, one of the guide rails 41 is relatively close to the drainage groove 322, and the other guide rail is relatively far away from the drainage groove 322. The trolley 42 includes a vehicle body and electric wheels. The vehicle body is provided with hollow holes A and B. The electric wheels are mounted at the lower end of the vehicle body. The trolley 42 is movably mounted on the two guide rails 41 through the electric wheels.

[0047] The feeding and docking mechanism includes an outer funnel 51, an inner funnel 52 and a traveling crane (not shown in the figure). The outer funnel 51 is fixedly installed in the hollow hole A of the vehicle body and is in the shape of a trumpet with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part. The inner funnel 52 is in the shape of a trumpet with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, and is consistent with the shape of the inner hole of the outer funnel 51. The upper end of the inner funnel is provided with a hanging ear 521 for docking with the traveling crane. The traveling crane is installed in the second-floor space, which is used to control the movement of the inner funnel 52, thereby docking or separating the inner funnel 52 with the outer funnel 51. When the inner funnel 52 is docked with the outer funnel 51, the lower port of the inner funnel 52 extends into the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace 32 through the feeding port 321 of the smelting furnace 32.

[0048] The negative pressure dust removal mechanism includes a dust collecting hood 63 and a negative pressure dust collector (not shown in the figure). The dust collecting hood 63 is installed on the trolley 42 and is located in the hollow hole B of the trolley 42. The dust exhaust port and the dust collecting port thereon are respectively located at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow hole B. An air path is provided inside the dust collecting hood 63, and the air path forms a dust collecting port and a dust exhaust port at both ends of the dust collecting hood 63. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the negative pressure dust collector, and a filter element is provided inside the negative pressure dust collector. The air inlet of the negative pressure dust collector is connected to the dust exhaust port of the dust collecting hood 63 through an air pipe.

[0049] The material conveying mechanism includes a support 71, a belt conveyor A and an upper pulling assembly. The support 71 is fixedly installed in the second-floor space. The belt conveyor A includes a frame A721 and a conveyor belt A722 installed on the frame A721. The belt conveyor A is provided with a feed end A and a discharge end A at both ends along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt A722. The frame A721 is provided with a first hinge 7211, a second hinge 7212 and a third hinge 7213 from one end to the other end. The frame A721 is hingedly installed on the support 71 through the first hinge 7211, and the rotation path of the belt conveyor A around the first hinge 7211 is located in a vertical plane. The upper pulling assembly includes a connecting frame 731, a steel cable 732 and a winch 733. The lower end of the connecting frame 731 is hinged to the third hinge 7213 of the frame A721. The lower end of the steel cable 732 is connected to the upper end of the connecting frame 731, and the upper end of the steel cable 732 is wound on the winch 733. The winch 733 is fixedly installed on the support 71. The winch 733 drives the belt conveyor A to rotate around the first hinge 7211 by retracting and releasing the steel cable 732, thereby switching the belt conveyor A between the conveying state and the avoidance state. In the conveying state, the feeding end A of the belt conveyor A is adjacent to and directly facing the material outlet 22 of the vertical hoist 2, and the discharging end A is located directly above the feeding port 321 of the smelting furnace 32 to realize the conveying of materials. In the avoidance state, the belt conveyor A avoids the lifting and lowering movement path of the inner funnel 52, the turning path of the smelting furnace 32, and the turning path of the tilting platform 31.

[0050] Preferably, the vertical hoist 2 includes an elevator shaft, a lifting platform (not shown in the figure), a traction drive device (not shown in the figure) and a conveyor belt mechanism (not shown in the figure). The lower end of the elevator shaft is provided with a material inlet 21 connected to the first floor space, and the upper end is provided with a material outlet 22 connected to the second floor space. The lifting platform is installed in the elevator shaft through the traction drive device, and performs lifting and lowering movements in the vertical direction. The conveyor belt mechanism is installed on the lifting platform, and a conveyor belt is provided on it, which is synchronously lifted and lowered with the lifting platform, and then moves between the upper docking position and the lower docking position. When the conveyor belt mechanism is in the upper docking position, the conveyor belt is opposite to the material outlet 22 to output materials, and when the conveyor belt mechanism is in the lower docking position, the conveyor belt is opposite to the material inlet 21 to receive materials.

[0051] Preferably, the negative pressure dust removal mechanism further comprises an electric push rod A61 and a connecting frame 62. The electric push rod A61 is fixedly mounted on the body of the trolley 42, and is fixedly connected to the dust collecting hood 63 through the connecting frame 62 to drive the dust collecting hood 63 to move vertically up and down.

[0052] Preferably, the material conveying mechanism has a lower support member 74. The lower support member 74 is disposed between the second bottom plate 12 and the frame A721, with its upper end hinged to the second hinge 7212 of the frame A721, and its lower end suspended in the air, and it always remains vertical as the belt conveyor A rotates. When the belt conveyor A is in a conveying state, the lower end of the lower support member 74 abuts against the second bottom plate 12, thereby providing support for the belt conveyor A.

[0053] Preferably, the trolley assembly further includes a universal ball seat 43 and a steel ball 44. The lower end of the universal ball seat 43 is fixedly mounted on the second floor 12 or the tilting platform 31, and is located on the outer side of a guide rail 41 relatively close to the drainage groove 322. The upper end of the universal ball seat 43 is provided with a spherical pit for accommodating the steel ball, and the steel ball 44 is movably mounted in the spherical pit of the universal ball seat 43. There are multiple universal ball seats 43, and all the universal ball seats 43 are arranged at intervals and arranged in a row parallel to the guide rail 41. When the trolley 42 moves to any position along the guide rail 41, at least one steel ball 44 on the universal ball seat 43 contacts the lower surface of the body of the trolley 42. Accordingly, the body of the trolley 42 is a rectangular frame with four vertex angles, and the electric wheels are only arranged at the three vertex angles at the lower end of the body, and the electric wheels are not arranged at the lower end of a vertex angle of the body relatively close to the drainage groove 322.

[0054] Preferably, the trolley assembly further includes an electric push rod B45 and a positioning sleeve 46. The electric push rod B45 is fixedly connected to one end of the body of the trolley 42 and moves up and down in the vertical direction. The positioning sleeve 46 is fixedly mounted on the tilting platform 31 and is located at the lower end of the electric push rod B45. When the trolley 42 is in the first position, the electric push rod B45 and the positioning sleeve 46 are directly opposite each other, and the electric push rod B45 extends into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 46 to lock the position of the trolley 42.

[0055] Preferably, when the inner funnel 52 is connected to the outer funnel 51, the distance between the lower end of the inner funnel 52 and the bottom surface of the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace 32 is 0-5 cm. A disposable soft pad (not shown) is arranged in the lower end of the inner funnel 52, and the melting temperature of the soft pad is between 200-500°C.

[0056] The status of the car is described as follows:

[0057] The trolley 42 is provided with a first position, a second position and a third position in sequence on the moving path along the guide rail 41. When the trolley 42 is in the first position, the lower end of the outer funnel 51 is vertically opposite to the feeding port 321 of the smelting furnace 32 in the working state. When the trolley 42 is in the second position, the lower end of the dust collecting hood 63 is vertically opposite to the feeding port 321 of the smelting furnace 32 in the working state. When the trolley 42 is in the third position, the rotation paths of the trolley 42 and the tilting platform 31 are staggered up and down. Only when the trolley 42 is in the first position, the outer funnel 51 and the inner funnel 52 can be docked or separated.

[0058] Briefly describe the working process of the present invention: A radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding method is applied to the above-mentioned radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly. Before performing the smelting and feeding operation, the radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly is in an initial state. In the initial state:

[0059] a. The smelting furnace 32 is in working state;

[0060] b. The trolley 42 is in the first position;

[0061] c. The inner funnel 52 is connected to the outer funnel 51;

[0062] d. Belt conveyor A is in the conveying state;

[0063] e. The electric push rod B45 extends into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 46.

[0064] The steps of smelting and loading are as follows:

[0065] S01, cold furnace charging:

[0066] a. The metal block is fed into the vertical hoist 2 through the material inlet 21. After the vertical hoist 2 lifts the metal block from the first-floor space to the second-floor space, the metal block is driven to be discharged from the material outlet 22 to the outside of the vertical hoist 2;

[0067] b. After the metal block is discharged from the material outlet 22, it enters the conveyor belt A722 through the feed end A of the belt conveyor A, and the metal block moves toward the discharge end A of the belt conveyor A along the conveyor belt A722;

[0068] c. After the metal block is discharged from the discharging end A of the belt conveyor A, it enters the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace 32 through the inner funnel 52;

[0069] d. After the feeding is completed, the hoist 733 is started, pulling the belt conveyor A to rotate upward around the first hinge 7211, so that the belt conveyor A changes from the conveying state to the avoidance state;

[0070] e. Hook the hook at the lower end of the crane to the hanging ear at the upper end of the inner funnel 52, and then operate the crane to lift the inner funnel 52 upwards, so that the inner funnel 52 and the outer funnel 51 are completely separated.

[0071] In this step, the metal blocks are formed by compressing and packing nuclear waste metal fragments using a metal compression packing machine.

[0072] In this step, when the inner funnel is docked with the outer funnel, the distance between the lower port of the inner funnel and the bottom surface of the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace is 0-5cm; a disposable soft pad is arranged in the lower port of the inner funnel, and the melting temperature of the soft pad is between 200-500°C; the soft pad plays a buffering role to prevent the bottom surface of the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace from being damaged by metal blocks.

[0073] S02. Metal smelting:

[0074] a. The electric push rod B45 is withdrawn from the inner hole of the positioning sleeve 46 to release the position lock of the trolley 42, and then the trolley 42 is moved from the first position to the second position, so that the dust collecting port of the dust collecting cover 63 faces the feeding port 321 of the smelting furnace 32;

[0075] b. Start the heating function of the smelting furnace to melt the metal block; during the smelting process, on the one hand, ensure that the negative pressure dust collector is in continuous operation, so that the volatile gas generated by the smelting enters the negative pressure dust collector through the dust collecting hood 63, and the radioactive nuclides in the gas are trapped in the filter element of the negative pressure dust collector. The filtered gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the negative pressure dust collector. On the other hand, the slag generated by the smelting is manually cleaned in real time;

[0076] c. After the smelting is completed, the trolley is driven to move from the second position to the third position, so that the rotation paths of the trolley 42 and the tilting platform 31 are staggered up and down;

[0077] d. Control the turning hydraulic cylinder 33 to make the molten liquid in the smelting furnace 32 be discharged through the feeding port 321 and the drainage groove 322 in sequence and enter the subsequent casting equipment to cast the required parts.

[0078] In this step, during the smelting process, the height of the dust collecting hood 63 from the feeding port 321 is adjusted to facilitate observation of the situation in the smelting furnace 32. If the smelting liquid crusts, manual intervention is immediately performed to avoid furnace explosion.

Claims

1. Radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly, which is characterized by: It includes a general frame, a vertical hoist, a smelting furnace assembly, a trolley assembly, a feeding and docking mechanism, a negative pressure dust removal mechanism and a material conveying mechanism; The main frame is provided with a first floor and a second floor from bottom to top, a first floor space is between the first floor and the second floor, a second floor space is located at the upper end of the second floor, and a connecting opening is provided on the second floor connecting the first floor space and the second floor space; The vertical elevator is fixedly installed on the main frame and is located between the first-floor space and the second-floor space. The lower end of the vertical elevator is provided with a material inlet connected to the first-floor space, and the upper end is provided with a material outlet connected to the second-floor space. The smelting furnace assembly includes a tilting platform, a smelting furnace and a tilting hydraulic cylinder; the tilting platform is hingedly installed at the connecting port of the second floor plate and rotates in a vertical plane around the hinge; a smelting chamber is arranged inside the smelting furnace, and a feeding port connected to the smelting chamber and a drainage trough connected to the feeding port are arranged at the upper end of the smelting furnace. The smelting furnace is fixedly connected to the tilting platform at the upper end of the outer wall, and is located at the connecting port of the second floor plate, and is located between the first floor space and the second floor space; the tilting hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the first floor plate and the smelting furnace, the lower end of which is hinged on the first floor plate, and the upper end is hinged to the lower surface of the tilting platform, which is used to drive the tilting platform to rotate around its hinge, thereby driving the smelting furnace to rotate, so that the smelting furnace is converted between the working state and the pouring state; the smelting furnace is in a vertical posture in the working state, and the feeding port is vertically facing upward; the smelting furnace is in an inclined posture in the pouring state, and the liquid in the smelting chamber can be poured out through the feeding port and the drainage trough; The trolley assembly includes a guide rail and a trolley; there are two guide rails, which are arranged parallel to each other and fixedly installed on the second floor bottom plate and distributed on both sides of the charging port of the smelting furnace; the two guide rails are arranged perpendicular to the drainage groove of the smelting furnace, one of which is relatively close to the drainage groove, and the other is relatively far away from the drainage groove; the trolley includes a body and electric wheels; the body is provided with hollow holes A and B; the electric wheels are installed at the lower end of the body; the trolley is movably installed on the two guide rails through the electric wheels; The feeding and docking mechanism includes an outer funnel, an inner funnel and a traveling crane; the outer funnel is fixedly installed in the hollow hole A of the vehicle body and is in a trumpet shape with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part; the inner funnel is in a trumpet shape with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part and is consistent with the shape of the inner hole of the outer funnel, and a hanging ear for docking with the traveling crane is provided at its upper end; the traveling crane is installed in the second-floor space, and is used to control the movement of the inner funnel, thereby docking or separating the inner funnel with the outer funnel; when the inner funnel is docked with the outer funnel, the lower port of the inner funnel extends into the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace through the feeding port of the smelting furnace; The negative pressure dust removal mechanism includes a dust collecting hood and a negative pressure dust collector; the dust collecting hood is installed on the trolley and is located in the hollow hole B of the trolley; an air path is provided inside the dust collecting hood, and the air path forms a dust collecting port and a dust exhaust port at both ends of the dust collecting hood, respectively; the dust collecting hood is located in the hollow hole B of the trolley, and the dust exhaust port and the dust collecting port thereon are respectively located at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow hole B; the negative pressure dust collector is provided with an air inlet and an exhaust port, a filter element is provided inside the negative pressure dust collector, and the air inlet of the negative pressure dust collector is connected to the dust exhaust port of the dust collecting hood through an air pipe; The material conveying mechanism includes a support, a belt conveyor A and an upper pulling assembly; the support is fixedly installed in the second-floor space; the belt conveyor A is hinged on the support and rotates around the vertical plane of the hinge, thereby switching between a conveying state and an avoidance state; in the conveying state, it is used to convey the materials discharged by the vertical elevator into the smelting furnace, and in the avoidance state, it avoids the lifting and moving path of the inner funnel, the turning path of the smelting furnace and the turning path of the tilting platform; the upper pulling assembly is associated with the belt conveyor A to drive the belt conveyor A to rotate around its hinge; The trolley is provided with a first position, a second position and a third position in sequence on the moving path along the guide rail; when the trolley is in the first position, the lower port of the outer funnel is vertically opposite to the feeding port of the smelting furnace in working state; when the trolley is in the second position, the dust collecting port of the dust collecting hood is vertically opposite to the feeding port of the smelting furnace in working state; when the trolley is in the third position, the rotation paths of the trolley and the tilting platform are staggered up and down; only when the trolley is in the first position, the outer funnel and the inner funnel can be docked or separated.

2. The radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly as claimed in claim 1 is characterized by: The material conveying mechanism also includes a lower supporting component; the lower supporting component is arranged between the second bottom plate and the frame A, the upper end of which is hinged to the second hinge of the frame A, and the lower end is suspended in the air, and it always remains vertical as the belt conveyor A rotates; when the belt conveyor A is in the conveying state, the lower end of the lower supporting component is against the second bottom plate, thereby providing support for the belt conveyor A.

3. The radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by: The belt conveyor A comprises a frame A and a conveyor belt A mounted on the frame A; the belt conveyor A is provided with a feed end A and a discharge end A at both ends along the conveying direction of the conveyor belt A; the frame A is provided with a first hinge, a second hinge and a third hinge in sequence from one end to the other end, the frame A is hingedly mounted on a support through the first hinge, and the rotation path of the belt conveyor A around the first hinge is located in a vertical plane; the upper pulling assembly comprises a connecting frame, a steel cable and a winch; the lower end of the connecting frame is hingedly connected to the third hinge of the frame A; the lower end of the steel cable is connected to the upper end of the connecting frame The upper end of the steel cable is wound on the winch; the winch is fixedly installed on the support, and the winch drives the belt conveyor A to rotate around the first hinge by retracting and releasing the steel cable, thereby switching the belt conveyor A between the conveying state and the avoidance state. When the belt conveyor A is in the conveying state, its feeding end A is adjacent to and directly facing the material outlet of the vertical hoist, and the discharging end A is located directly above the feeding port of the smelting furnace to realize the conveying of the material; when the belt conveyor A is in the avoidance state, it avoids the lifting and lowering movement path of the inner funnel, the turning path of the smelting furnace and the turning path of the tilting platform.

4. The radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly as claimed in claim 3 is characterized by: The trolley assembly also includes a universal ball seat and a steel ball. The lower end of the universal ball seat is fixedly mounted on the second floor plate or the tilting platform and is located on the outside of a guide rail relatively close to the drainage groove. The upper end of the universal ball seat is provided with a spherical pit for accommodating the steel ball, and the steel ball is movably mounted in the spherical pit of the universal ball seat. There are multiple universal ball seats, and all of them are arranged at intervals and arranged in a row parallel to the guide rail. When the trolley moves to any position along the guide rail, at least one steel ball on the universal ball seat contacts the lower surface of the trolley body. Accordingly, the body of the trolley is a rectangular frame with four vertex corners, and the electric wheels are only arranged at the three vertex corners at the lower end of the body, and no electric wheel is arranged at the lower end of a vertex corner of the body relatively close to the drainage groove.

5. The radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly as claimed in claim 4 is characterized by: The trolley assembly also includes an electric push rod B and a positioning sleeve; the electric push rod B is fixedly connected to one end of the trolley body and moves up and down in the vertical direction; the positioning sleeve is fixedly installed on the tilting platform and is located at the lower end of the electric push rod B; when the trolley is in the first position, the electric push rod B and the positioning sleeve are directly opposite each other, and the electric push rod B extends into the inner hole of the positioning sleeve to lock the position of the trolley.

6. The radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly as claimed in claim 5 is characterized by: When the inner funnel is butted with the outer funnel, the distance between the lower port of the inner funnel and the bottom surface of the smelting chamber of the smelting furnace is 0-5cm; a disposable soft pad is arranged in the lower port of the inner funnel, and the melting temperature of the soft pad is between 200-500℃.

7. The radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and loading assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The negative pressure dust removal mechanism also includes an electric push rod A and a connecting frame; the electric push rod A is fixedly installed on the body of the trolley, and is fixedly connected to the dust hood through the connecting frame to drive the dust hood to move vertically.

8. The radioactive nuclear waste metal smelting and feeding assembly as claimed in claim 7 is characterized by: The vertical hoist includes an elevator shaft, a lifting platform, a traction drive device and a conveyor belt mechanism; a material inlet connected to the first-floor space is provided at the lower end of the elevator shaft, and a material outlet connected to the second-floor space is provided at the upper end; the lifting platform is installed in the elevator shaft through the traction drive device, and is driven by the traction drive device to perform vertical lifting movement; the conveyor belt mechanism is installed on the lifting platform, and a conveyor belt is provided on it, which moves up and down synchronously with the lifting platform, and then moves between an upper docking position and a lower docking position; when the conveyor belt mechanism is in the upper docking position, the conveyor belt is opposite to the material outlet to output materials, and when the conveyor belt mechanism is in the lower docking position, the conveyor belt is opposite to the material inlet to receive materials.

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