A track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter

Abstract

The present invention discloses a track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter, which belongs to the technical field of vascular interventional medical devices. It includes a suction catheter, in which a transmission shaft and an eccentric metal head are arranged; a metal connecting tube is arranged at the distal end of the suction catheter; an eccentric metal head is connected to the distal end of the transmission shaft, the center of mass of the eccentric metal head deviates from the rotation axis of the transmission shaft, and the eccentric metal head is located in the metal connecting tube. The suction catheter adopts an eccentric metal head structure, and the eccentric metal head makes an eccentric cone swing at the distal end of the suction catheter, which can increase the suction area of ​​the suction port through the eccentric setting, improve the suction force of the suction port, and at the same time, the eccentric cone swing crushing structure crushes the large thrombus near the suction port, reduces the thrombus blockage near the suction port, improves the thrombus aspiration efficiency, reduces blood loss, and reduces the operation time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter, belonging to the technical field of vascular interventional medical devices. Background Art

[0002] Abnormal blood flow in blood vessels, such as blood turbulence and slow flow, can lead to the formation of blood clots, resulting in blood vessel blockage or stenosis, which limits the blood supply to the downstream areas of the vascular system. This hemodynamic abnormality can cause a series of adverse consequences such as tissue hypoxia, abnormal intravascular pressure, increased cardiac load and heart failure. When a thrombus is located in the neurovascular system, it may cause a stroke; when a thrombus is in the deep vein vascular system of the lower limbs, it may cause swelling or paralysis of the lower limbs; when a thrombus is in the pulmonary vascular system, it may cause pulmonary embolism and lead to the death of the patient. Therefore, vascular abnormalities generally require catheter intervention technology to restore or reconstruct blood flow in the blood vessels.

[0003] With the development of technology, percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) devices have emerged in recent years. It is a group of instruments used to remove blockages in blood vessels. It uses dissolution, crushing, suction, stents or basket thrombectomy to remove blockages such as thrombi and plaques in blood vessels to restore blood circulation function. The clinical effect has been recognized by experts and has become a hot topic of research in recent years.

[0004] Existing thrombus removal devices mainly connect the proximal end of the suction catheter to a negative pressure device, and then guide the distal end of the suction blood vessel into the blood vessel through a guide wire, and then perform suction near the thrombus to remove the thrombus from the blood vessel to complete the thrombus removal work. However, the suction of thrombus by traditional thrombus suction catheters can easily cause large thrombi to block the suction opening of the suction catheter. Once the distal end of the suction catheter of the existing thrombus removal device is blocked, suction must be stopped and can only be continued after the blockage is eliminated, which greatly prolongs the operation time and increases the risk of surgery. At present, there are also some suction devices that are equipped with mechanical thrombus removal devices near the suction port of the suction catheter, but the thrombus removal device can easily cause stenosis of the suction port, that is, it reduces the effective suction area of ​​the suction port, making it difficult for the thrombus to be sucked into the suction catheter, and the stenosis of the suction port will lead to a decrease in the suction force and suction flow, reducing the efficiency of thrombus suction.

[0005] Therefore, an orbital mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter is designed, which uses an eccentric grinding head to perform conical orbital circular swing and self-circular high-speed rotation inside the proximal end of the aspiration catheter to break up and lyse large thrombi and prevent blockage at the proximal end of the aspiration catheter. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter, which solves the problem of blockage at the distal end of the aspiration catheter of the current thrombus aspiration device.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] A track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter, comprising an aspiration catheter, wherein the proximal end of the aspiration catheter is connected to a driving handle via a three-way hemostatic valve, a rotating mechanism is provided inside the driving handle, and a transmission shaft and an eccentric metal head are provided inside the aspiration catheter;

[0009] The distal end of the suction catheter is provided with a metal connecting tube;

[0010] The proximal end of the transmission shaft passes through the three-way hemostatic valve and is connected to the rotating mechanism in the driving handle. The distal end of the transmission shaft is connected to an eccentric metal head, the center of mass of the eccentric metal head deviates from the rotation axis of the transmission shaft, and the eccentric metal head is located in the metal connecting tube.

[0011] As a preferred example, the distal end surface of the suction catheter is flat or oblique.

[0012] As a preferred example, a layer of wear-resistant lubrication tube is provided on the outside of the transmission shaft.

[0013] As a preferred example, the circumferential surface of the eccentric metal head is provided with any one of convex teeth, corrugated teeth or eccentric cylinders.

[0014] As a preferred example, the surface of the eccentric metal head is provided with a diamond coating.

[0015] As a preferred example, the transmission shaft adopts a hollow or solid transmission shaft structure formed by braiding a single or multiple steel wires.

[0016] As a preferred example, the transmission shaft has a constant diameter from the proximal end to the distal end, or the transmission shaft has a gradually decreasing diameter from the proximal end to the distal end, or the transmission shaft has two sections with different diameters, the proximal end has a larger diameter than the distal end, and there is a smooth transition between the two sections of the transmission shaft with different diameters.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] (1) The present suction catheter adopts an eccentric metal head structure. Compared with the existing crushing structure that rotates in a circle, the eccentric metal head swings in an eccentric cone at the distal end of the suction catheter. The eccentric setting can increase the suction area of ​​the suction port and improve the suction force of the suction port. At the same time, the eccentric cone swing crushing structure crushes large thrombi near the suction port, reduces thrombus blockage near the suction port, improves thrombus suction efficiency, reduces blood loss, and reduces operation time.

[0019] (2) The drive shaft and the eccentric metal head driven by the driving handle rotate along the circumferential lumen of the metal connecting tube at the distal end of the suction catheter and revolve around the catheter axis, which can increase the effective suction area of ​​the suction port. At the same time, the conical orbital circular swing can stir and break the thrombus at the suction port, cutting and breaking the thrombus while ensuring a sufficient effective suction area, thereby improving the efficiency and effectiveness of thrombus aspiration. In addition, the high-speed rotating drive shaft will also break the thrombus again during the vascular transfer process to prevent the thrombus from blocking the middle of the suction catheter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the distal end of the suction catheter is flat;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the distal end of the suction catheter is an oblique opening;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the distal end of the suction catheter;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the distal end of the suction catheter;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a wear-resistant lubrication tube is provided on the transmission shaft in the suction duct;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an eccentric metal head with convex teeth;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the end structure of an eccentric metal head with convex teeth;

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of an eccentric metal head with an eccentric cylinder;

[0029] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the end structure of an eccentric metal head with an eccentric cylinder;

[0030] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a transmission shaft structure having the same diameter from the proximal end to the distal end;

[0031] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission shaft structure with a diameter gradually decreasing from the proximal end to the distal end;

[0032] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a transmission shaft structure in which the diameter is first large and then smoothly transitions to a small diameter from the proximal end to the distal end;

[0033] Fig.14A schematic diagram of the structure of an eccentric metal head performing conical orbital circular swing;

[0034] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the end structure of the eccentric metal head performing conical orbital circular swing;

[0035] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the driving handle;

[0036] Fig.17 Schematic diagram of the internal side structure of the drive handle

[0037] Fig.18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide wire entering the thrombus in the blood vessel;

[0038] Fig.19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vascular sheath entering the thrombus along the guide wire;

[0039] Fig. 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suction catheter entering the thrombus along the guide wire;

[0040] Fig.21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the eccentric metal head at the distal end of the aspiration catheter that breaks up the thrombus;

[0041] Fig. 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device being withdrawn from human blood vessels after the operation is completed.

[0042] In the figure: suction catheter 1, three-way hemostatic valve 2, driving handle 3, motor 301, driving gear 302, driven gear 303, hollow shaft 304, coupling 305, transmission shaft 4, eccentric metal head 5, convex teeth 501, eccentric cylinder 502, metal connecting tube 6, wear-resistant lubricating tube 7, thrombus 8, vascular sheath 9, guide wire 10, blood vessel 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0044] For the purposes of the following terminology, the terms clot, thrombus 8, embolus and obstruction are used synonymously. Although the present invention describes only an obstruction removal device, the device can also be used to capture clots, thrombus 8, emboli, foreign bodies and other materials.

[0045] For ease of description, the following description uses the terms “proximal end” and “distal end”, wherein the “proximal end” refers to an end close to the operating end and the “distal end” refers to an end far from the operating end.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figure 1-Figure 22As shown, a track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter comprises an aspiration catheter 1, the proximal end of which is connected to a driving handle 3 via a three-way hemostatic valve 2, a rotating mechanism is provided inside the driving handle 3, and a transmission shaft 4 and an eccentric metal head 5 are provided inside the aspiration catheter 1;

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, a metal connecting tube 6 is provided at the distal end of the suction catheter 1;

[0049] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the proximal end of the transmission shaft 4 passes through the three-way hemostatic valve 2 and is connected to the rotating mechanism in the driving handle 3, and the distal end of the transmission shaft 4 is connected to an eccentric metal head 5, the center of mass of the eccentric metal head 5 deviates from the rotation axis of the transmission shaft 4, and the eccentric metal head 5 is located in a metal connecting tube 6. The metal connecting tube 6 can limit the swing of the eccentric metal head 5 and is wear-resistant.

[0050] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the distal end surface of the suction catheter 1 is flat or oblique.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, a layer of wear-resistant lubricating tube 7 is provided outside the transmission shaft 4. The wear-resistant lubricating tube 7 is made of a wear-resistant polymer tube (for example, polyetheretherketone peek, polyethylene PE, polyoxymethylene POM, etc., which have wear-resistant and lubricating properties) to protect and lubricate the transmission shaft 4. Physiological saline can also be injected into the wear-resistant lubricating sleeve 7 for liquid lubrication.

[0052] like Figure 7-Figure 10 As shown, the circumferential surface of the eccentric metal head 5 is provided with any one of convex teeth 501, corrugated teeth (smooth teeth connected into corrugated shape) or eccentric cylinders 502. The eccentric convex teeth 501 cut the thrombus 8 with sharp tooth edges, and the eccentric corrugated teeth and eccentric cylinders 502 break the thrombus 8 by cutting and squeezing.

[0053] The surface of the eccentric metal head 5 is provided with a diamond coating (not shown). After the diamond coating is sprayed on the surface, its cutting and grinding capabilities can be significantly enhanced. The eccentric metal head 5 can adopt a hollow or solid structure.

[0054] like Figure 11-Figure 14 As shown, the transmission shaft 4 adopts a hollow or solid transmission shaft 4 structure formed by braiding a single or multiple steel wires. It has a strong high-speed transmission anti-kink ability and has a good eccentric orbital circular swing effect.

[0055] The hollow transmission shaft 4 cooperates with the hollow eccentric metal head 5 for the guide wire 10 to penetrate; when a solid transmission shaft 4 is used, the guide wire 10 is directly penetrated from the suction catheter 1.

[0056] The diameter of the transmission shaft 4 remains constant from the proximal end to the distal end. The anti-kink capability is slightly weak.

[0057] Either the diameter of the transmission shaft 4 gradually decreases from the proximal end to the distal end, or the transmission shaft 4 has two sections with different diameters, the proximal end has a larger diameter than the distal end, and the two sections of the transmission shaft 4 with different diameters have a smooth transition. In both cases, the small end of the transmission shaft 4 is connected to the eccentric metal head 5. The thicker the diameter, the stronger the anti-kink ability of high-speed transmission. The proximal end of the transmission shaft 4 is connected to the driving structure, so the anti-kink requirement of the proximal end is higher, the proximal end needs to be thicker, and the distal end gradually narrows.

[0058] The ratio of the widest radial part of the eccentric metal head 5 to the inner diameter of the suction conduit 1 is 0.3, which can leave more space for suction.

[0059] like Fig.15 As shown, the present suction catheter 1 adopts an eccentric metal head 5 structure. Compared with the existing circularly rotating crushing structure, the eccentric metal head 5 can make room for suction through an eccentric setting, which will not cause the problem of narrowing of the suction port of the suction catheter 1, and more effective suction area of ​​the suction port is reserved, so that the thrombus 8 is more easily sucked into the suction catheter 1, and more remaining space is provided at the suction port, which will also improve the suction force;

[0060] The transmission shaft 4 and the eccentric metal head 5 driven by the driving handle 3 rotate in the circular lumen along the metal connecting tube 6 at the distal end of the suction catheter 1 and revolve around the catheter axis, which can increase the effective suction area of ​​the suction port. At the same time, the conical orbital circular swing can stir and break the thrombus 8 at the suction port, cut and break the thrombus 8 while ensuring a sufficient effective suction area, thereby improving the efficiency and effectiveness of thrombus aspiration 8. In addition, the high-speed rotating transmission shaft 4 will also break the thrombus 8 again during the transfer of the suction catheter 1 to prevent the thrombus 8 from blocking the middle of the suction catheter 1.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] like Fig.16 , Fig.17 As shown, a driving handle 3 is designed for the hollow transmission shaft 4 and the hollow eccentric metal head 5. The rotating mechanism inside the driving handle 3 is composed of a motor 301, a driving gear 302, a driven gear 303, and a hollow shaft 304 arranged in the driving handle 3. The motor 301 is connected to the driving gear 302 through a coupling 305. The driving gear 302 is movably installed in the driving handle 3 through a bearing. The driven gear 303 is fixed on the hollow shaft 304. The hollow shaft 304 is movably installed in the driving handle 3 through a bearing. The driving gear 302 is meshed with the driven gear 303, and the transmission shaft 4 is fixed at the far end of the hollow shaft 304. The transmission shaft 4 is installed in the far end tube of the hollow shaft 304 by interference fit and fixed by welding or glue. The other structures are the same as those in Example 1.

[0063] The motor 301 in the driving handle 3 drives the driving gear 302 and the driven gear 303 to rotate, thereby driving the transmission shaft 4 and the eccentric metal head 5 to rotate, and the eccentric metal head 5 performs a conical orbital circular swing.

[0064] like Figure 18-Figure 22 As shown, according to the structural scheme of Example 2, the surgical operation steps are as follows:

[0065] (1) During surgery, a vascular sheath 9 is provided outside the suction catheter 1, and a guide wire 10 is inserted through the hollow shaft 304 of the driving handle 3, the transmission shaft 4, the suction catheter 1, and the vascular sheath 9. The guide wire 10 enters the blood vessel 11 and passes through the obstruction such as the thrombus 8;

[0066] (2) The vascular sheath 9 follows the guide wire 10 to the vicinity of the distal end of the thrombus 8 and establishes a channel in the blood vessel 11;

[0067] (3) The suction catheter 1 is guided along the vascular sheath 9 and the guide wire 10 to the vicinity of the distal end of the thrombus 8, and the switch of the motor 301 of the driving handle 3 is turned on. The transmission shaft 4 in the suction catheter 1 rotates at a high speed (1,000-80,000 revolutions per minute), so that the eccentric metal head 5 generates a conical orbital circular swing and a high-speed grating motion near the suction port. The negative pressure port on the side of the three-way hemostatic valve 2 of the driving handle 3 is connected to the negative pressure suction source. The proximal end of the three-way hemostatic valve 2 is provided with a silicone hemostatic valve sheet, which is sleeved on the outside of the wear-resistant lubricating tube 7 to form a dynamic sealing structure that can prevent blood from flowing out, thereby generating negative pressure suction at the suction port of the suction catheter 1 and sucking the thrombus 8 into the tube port;

[0068] (4) The suction catheter 1 negatively suctions the thrombus 8 near the suction opening into the lumen, and the rotation of the transmission shaft 4 drives the eccentric metal head 5 at its head end to rotate at high speed. When the eccentric metal head 5 rotates, the guide wire 10 is withdrawn from the suction catheter 1. At the same time, the eccentric metal head 5 performs a conical orbital circular swing. The convex teeth 501 of the eccentric metal head 5 and the diamond grains on the surface will cut and stir the thrombus 8 at the tube opening of the suction catheter 1 at high speed, cutting and crushing the large thrombus 8 into small pieces, so that the thrombus 8 is discharged from the body under the action of negative pressure suction;

[0069] (5) After the thrombus 8 is aspirated, the vascular sheath 9, the aspiration catheter 1 and the guide wire 10 are all withdrawn from the human body.

[0070] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter, comprising an aspiration catheter, characterized in that: A transmission shaft and an eccentric metal head are arranged in the suction conduit; The distal end of the suction catheter is provided with a metal connecting tube; The distal end of the transmission shaft is connected to an eccentric metal head, the center of mass of the eccentric metal head deviates from the rotation axis of the transmission shaft, and the eccentric metal head is located in the metal connecting tube; The transmission shaft has a constant diameter from the proximal end to the distal end, or the transmission shaft gradually decreases in diameter from the proximal end to the distal end, or the transmission shaft has two sections with different diameters, the proximal end has a larger diameter than the distal end, and the two sections of the transmission shaft with different diameters have a smooth transition; The transmission shaft drives the eccentric metal head to rotate in the circumferential cavity of the metal connecting tube, and the transmission shaft drives the eccentric metal head to revolve around the axis of the catheter in the circumferential cavity of the metal connecting tube.

2. The track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal end surface of the suction catheter is flat or oblique.

3. The track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: A layer of wear-resistant lubrication tube is arranged outside the transmission shaft.

4. The track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circumferential surface of the eccentric metal head is provided with any one of convex teeth, corrugated teeth or eccentric cylinders.

5. A track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The surface of the eccentric metal head is provided with a diamond coating.

6. The track-type mechanical thrombus aspiration catheter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft adopts a hollow or solid transmission shaft structure formed by braiding a single or multiple steel wires.

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