A method for evaluating the ecological suitability of proliferating marine ranches

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological suitability evaluation method for a proliferating marine ranch, and belongs to the field of marine ranch ecological suitability evaluation. Firstly, according to the purpose and characteristics of the proliferating marine ranch construction, primary and secondary indicators for evaluating the ecological suitability of the proliferating marine ranch are selected, and then relevant data of the evaluation indicators of the proposed construction sea area are obtained, and the evaluation indicators are scored; then, a judgment matrix is ​​constructed by comparing and scoring the primary and secondary indicators in pairs, and the weights of the evaluation indicators are calculated by using a hierarchical analysis method; finally, the ecological suitability of the proliferating marine ranch is calculated according to the scores and weights of the evaluation indicators. The method of the invention fully considers the environmental basis and ecological basis of the construction of the proliferating marine ranch, is conducive to ensuring the product safety of the marine ranch, and realizes the ecological and economic benefits of the proliferating marine ranch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of marine ranch ecological suitability assessment, and in particular to a method for assessing the ecological suitability of a proliferating marine ranch. Background Art

[0002] The ecological suitability of proliferative marine ranches refers to the degree of satisfaction and adaptability of the ecological needs of the development and utilization of proliferative marine ranches in terms of the natural and social attributes of the sea area, such as geology, geomorphology, hydrology, meteorology, physics, chemistry, biology, landscape, and location. In recent decades, my country has built a series of proliferative marine ranches for sea cucumbers, abalone, high-value shellfish, seaweed, etc., and proliferative marine ranches for fish, shrimp, crabs, and cephalopods. However, the construction of marine ranches requires a lot of manpower and financial resources. After the construction of proliferative marine ranches, aquatic products need to be continuously produced to maintain stable economic benefits. Failure of construction will cause huge economic losses to the government, enterprises, and society. The planning and layout of marine ranches and site selection still lack scientific demonstration and coordination. The site selection of proliferative marine ranches still lacks evaluation methods and evaluation criteria systems composed of quantitative evaluation indicators. Therefore, developing an evaluation method for the ecological suitability of proliferative marine ranches for pre-construction evaluation of proliferative marine ranches can not only effectively improve the success of marine ranch construction, but also ensure the ecological safety of marine ranches and the safety of marine ranch products, so as to achieve the environmental and ecological benefits of marine ranches to a greater extent. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the ecological suitability of proliferative marine ranches, so as to clarify the resource and environmental constraints and suitability of the sea area for the development and utilization of proliferative marine ranches, and to provide scientific support for the spatial optimization and layout of marine ranches.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A method for evaluating the ecological suitability of a proliferative marine ranch, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] 1) Based on the construction goal of the proliferative marine ranch to increase fishery resources and output fish catches, evaluation indicators for the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch are selected. The evaluation indicators include primary indicators, and each primary indicator includes a number of secondary indicators; the primary indicators include biological indicators, environmental indicators and management indicators. The biological indicators include indicators of the number of species suitable for proliferation, phytoplankton abundance indicators, phytoplankton diversity indicators, zooplankton abundance indicators and zooplankton diversity; the environmental indicators include water depth indicators, flow velocity indicators, bottom type indicators, terrain slope indicators, organic pollution comprehensive index indicators and sediment heavy metal potential ecological hazard risk index indicators; the management indicators include distance indicators from sensitive ecosystems, offshore distance indicators, distance indicators from transportation seas, and distance indicators from pollution sources.

[0007] 2) Obtain relevant data on the evaluation indicators of the proposed sea area, and score the evaluation indicators based on the degree to which the natural and social attributes of the proposed sea area meet the ecological needs of the development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch and its adaptability;

[0008] 3) The judgment matrix is ​​constructed by comparing and scoring the first-level indicators and the second-level indicators respectively, and the weight of the evaluation indicators is calculated by using the hierarchical analysis method;

[0009] 4) According to the scores and weights of the evaluation indicators, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is calculated, and the ecological suitability distribution map of the proliferative marine ranch is drawn.

[0010] Furthermore, the Shannon-Weaver diversity index H′ was used to calculate the phytoplankton diversity index and zooplankton diversity, and the formula is as follows:

[0011]

[0012] Where s is the total number of sample types; P i It is the ratio of the number of individuals of the i-th species to the total number of individuals in the sample.

[0013] The comprehensive organic pollution index A reflects the degree of water pollution by organic pollutants and is used to characterize seawater quality. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] In the formula, C COD is the measured value of chemical oxygen demand (mg / L); C IN is the measured value of inorganic nitrogen (mg / L); C IP is the measured value of active phosphate (mg / L); C DO is the measured value of dissolved oxygen (mg / L); C′ COD , C′ IN , C′IP , C′ DO They are respectively the first-class standard values ​​(mg / L) of chemical oxygen demand, inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate and dissolved oxygen in the "Seawater Quality Standard" (GB3097-1997).

[0016] The Hakanson potential risk index reflects the potential ecological hazards of metal pollutants in sediments and is used to characterize sediment quality. The formula is as follows:

[0017]

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, is the potential ecological hazard coefficient of the i-th heavy metal; is the toxicity coefficient of the i-th heavy metal; C i is the measured value of the i-th heavy metal; is the reference value; RI is the comprehensive index of potential hazards of various heavy metals; RI<150 indicates slight ecological risk, 150≤RI<300 indicates moderate ecological risk, 300≤RI<600 indicates strong ecological risk, and RI≥600 indicates extremely strong ecological risk.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 2), the evaluation indicators are scored according to the degree of satisfaction and adaptability of the natural and social attributes of the proposed sea area to the ecological needs of the development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch. The evaluation scores are 6 points, 4 points, 2 points, and 0 points respectively. The evaluation standards corresponding to the evaluation scores are as follows:

[0021]

[0022]

[0023] Furthermore, when the evaluation score of one or more secondary indicators in the evaluation indicators is 0, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 0; when the evaluation scores of all evaluation indicators are greater than 0, the calculation formula for the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is:

[0024]

[0025] Where HIS is the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch, i is the i-th evaluation index, and w i is the weight value of the i-th indicator, w i Derived from the analytic hierarchy process, SI iRepresents the evaluation score of the i-th indicator. When the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 4-6, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the survey area is very suitable; when the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 2-4, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the survey area is suitable; when the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 0, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the survey area is unsuitable.

[0026] Furthermore, the ecological suitability distribution map of the proliferative marine ranch is drawn by ArcGIS geostatistical software (not limited to ArcGIS geostatistical software), and the proposed construction sea area is divided into very suitable areas, suitable areas and unsuitable areas based on the ecological suitability.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0028] 1. The evaluation indicators of the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch of the present invention involve aspects such as the target proliferative organisms in the sea area, the primary productivity of the ocean, the hydrological conditions of seawater, the seawater quality and sediment conditions, the protection of sensitive marine ecosystems and the convenience of marine ranch production. It fully considers the environmental and ecological basis for the construction of the proliferative marine ranch, is conducive to ensuring the product safety of the marine ranch, and realizing the ecological and economic benefits of the proliferative marine ranch.

[0029] 2. The present invention sets threshold conditions for each indicator that is not suitable for the construction of a conservation-type marine ranch, thereby preferentially excluding areas that are not suitable for the construction of a conservation-type marine ranch, thereby ensuring the rationality of the model evaluation results.

[0030] 3. The evaluation method of the present invention has a simple calculation method and can clearly and intuitively evaluate the suitability of the sea area where the marine ranch is to be built for the proliferative marine ranch. According to the division of very suitable areas, suitable areas and unsuitable areas, the construction plan of the proliferative marine ranch can be known, and the output results are intuitive and vivid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the ecological suitability assessment of the proliferating marine ranch of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is the ecological suitability distribution map of the proliferative marine ranch of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples. The following examples are only illustrative and not restrictive, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereto.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention takes the Furong Island Marine Ranch in Laizhou Bay, Shandong Province as a case of marine ranch ecological suitability evaluation, and conducts an evaluation of the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch. The specific steps are as follows:

[0036] A method for evaluating the ecological suitability of an enhanced marine ranch, the process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the steps of the method include:

[0037] 1) According to the purpose and characteristics of the construction of the proliferative marine ranch, select the evaluation indicators of the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch. The evaluation indicators of the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch include three primary indicators: biological indicators, environmental indicators and management indicators. The biological indicators include the number of species suitable for proliferative organisms, phytoplankton abundance indicators, phytoplankton diversity indicators, zooplankton abundance indicators, and zooplankton diversity indicators; the environmental indicators include water depth indicators, flow velocity indicators, bottom type indicators, terrain slope indicators, organic pollution comprehensive index indicators, and sediment heavy metal potential ecological hazard risk index indicators; the management indicators include distance indicators from sensitive ecosystems, offshore distance indicators, distance indicators from transportation seas, and distance indicators from pollution sources.

[0038] The Shannon-Weaver diversity index H′ was used to calculate the phytoplankton diversity index and the zooplankton diversity index. The formula is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] Where s is the total number of sample types; P i It is the ratio of the number of individuals of the i-th species to the total number of individuals in the sample.

[0041] The comprehensive organic pollution index A reflects the degree of water pollution by organic pollutants and is used to characterize seawater quality. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0042]

[0043] In the formula, C COD is the measured value of chemical oxygen demand (mg / L); C IN is the measured value of inorganic nitrogen (mg / L); C IP is the measured value of active phosphate (mg / L); C DO is the measured value of dissolved oxygen (mg / L); C′ COD , C′ IN , C′ IP , C′ DO They are respectively the first-class standard values ​​(mg / L) of chemical oxygen demand, inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate and dissolved oxygen in the "Seawater Quality Standard" (GB3097-1997).

[0044] The Hakanson potential risk index reflects the potential ecological hazards of metal pollutants in sediments and is used to characterize sediment quality. The formula is as follows:

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, is the potential ecological hazard coefficient of the i-th heavy metal; is the toxicity coefficient of the i-th heavy metal; C i is the measured value of the i-th heavy metal; is the reference value; RI is the comprehensive index of potential hazards of various heavy metals; RI<150 indicates slight ecological risk, 150≤RI<300 indicates moderate ecological risk, 300≤RI<600 indicates strong ecological risk, and RI≥600 indicates extremely strong ecological risk.

[0048] 2) Through historical data and marine survey experiments, obtain data on the number of species suitable for reproduction in the marine ranch area of ​​Furong Island, Laizhou Bay, phytoplankton abundance data, phytoplankton diversity data, zooplankton abundance data, zooplankton diversity data, water depth data, flow velocity data, bottom type data, terrain slope data, comprehensive organic pollution index data, sediment heavy metal potential ecological hazard risk index data, distance data from sensitive ecosystems, offshore distance data and distance data from transportation seas, and distance data from pollution sources. According to the degree of satisfaction and adaptability of the natural and social attributes of the sea area to the ecological needs of the development and utilization of conservation-type marine ranches, the suitability evaluation criteria are divided into four levels. The threshold of the criteria supports the construction of multiple habitats such as artificial reefs and seagrass meadows, which can provide the best place for the growth, development and reproduction of the proliferation objects, that is, the sea area fully meets the ecological needs of the development and utilization of marine ranches, and the value is 6 points; the threshold of the criteria supports the construction of some habitats in the marine ranch, which can meet the places where the proliferation objects maintain normal physiological activities and the food required for growth and development, that is, the sea area meets the ecological needs of the development and utilization of marine ranches, and the value is 4 points; the threshold of the criteria supports the construction of a single habitat in the marine ranch, and the proliferation objects can survive under environmental pressure, that is, the sea area basically meets the ecological needs of the development of marine ranches, and the value is 2 points; the criteria do not support the construction of marine ranch habitats, and cannot provide the necessary conditions for the survival of the proliferation organisms, and the organisms cannot survive, that is, the sea area cannot meet the ecological needs of the development of marine ranches, and the value is 0 points. The evaluation criteria corresponding to the evaluation scores are shown in Table 1.

[0049] Table 1 shows the scoring criteria for the evaluation of ecological suitability of proliferating marine ranches

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] 3) By comparing and scoring the first-level indicators and second-level indicators in pairs, a judgment matrix is ​​constructed, as shown in Table 2-5, and the weights of the evaluation indicators are calculated using the hierarchical analysis method, as shown in Table 6;

[0053] Table 2 is the primary indicator judgment matrix of enhanced marine ranching

[0054] Biological indicators Environmental indicators Management Indicators Biological indicators 1 2 3 Environmental indicators 1 / 2 1 3 Management Indicators 1 / 3 1 / 3 1

[0055] Table 3 is the biological indicator judgment matrix of enhanced marine ranching

[0056]

[0057] Table 4 is the environmental indicator judgment matrix of proliferative marine ranching

[0058]

[0059] Table 5 is the judgment matrix of management indicators for proliferative marine ranches

[0060] Proximity to sensitive ecosystems Distance from shore Distance from pollution source Proximity to sensitive ecosystems 1 2 2 Distance from shore 1 / 2 1 1 Distance from pollution source 1 / 2 1 1

[0061] Table 6 shows the weights of ecological suitability evaluation indicators for proliferating marine ranches

[0062]

[0063] 4) Calculate the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch based on the scores and weights of the evaluation indicators. When the evaluation scores of one or more of the evaluation indicators are 0, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 0; when the evaluation scores of all the evaluation indicators are greater than 0, the calculation formula for the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is:

[0064]

[0065] Where HIS is the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch, i is the i-th evaluation index, SI i represents the evaluation score of the i-th indicator, w i is the weight value of the i-th indicator, w i Derived from the analytic hierarchy process. When the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 4-6, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the survey area is very suitable; when the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 2-4, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the survey area is suitable; when the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 0, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the survey area is unsuitable. ArcGIS geostatistical software is used to draw the ecological suitability distribution map of the proliferative marine ranch, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the proposed construction sea area is divided into very suitable areas, suitable areas and unsuitable areas.

[0066] The ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the marine ranch area of ​​Furong Island, Laizhou Bay is shown in Table 7. Taking station 7 as an example:

[0067] Longitude 119.8416667;

[0068] Latitude 37.3150000;

[0069] Secondary indicators:

[0070] The number of biological species suitable for reproduction is 11, including white croaker, black sea bream, spotted sea bass, yellow croaker, yellowfin goby, sharp-nosed yellowtail flounder, flathead, mullet, mantis shrimp, Japanese crab, and Zhou's new shrimp.

[0071] Phytoplankton abundance 88.0647×10 4 cell / m 3 ;

[0072] Phytoplankton diversity 1.463;

[0073] Zooplankton abundance 0.465 g / m 3 ;

[0074] Zooplankton diversity 1.838;

[0075] Water depth: 3.635m;

[0076] Flow rate: 0.3009m / s;

[0077] Substrate type: sandy silt;

[0078] The terrain slope is 0.055°;

[0079] The comprehensive index of organic pollution is 0.9605;

[0080] Potential ecological hazard risk index of heavy metals in sediments: According to Zou Yanmei's survey on heavy metals in sediments in Laizhou Bay from 2013 to 2015, the waters around Furong Island are at medium ecological risk.

[0081] Distance to sensitive ecosystems: 5559m;

[0082] Distance from shore: 6629m;

[0083] The distance to the pollution source is 27.942km.

[0084] Table 7 shows the ecological suitability of marine ranch in Furong Island, Laizhou Bay

[0085] Survey Station Enhanced marine ranching 1 3.930 2 3.477 3 0.000 4 3.465 5 3.739 6 3.465 7 3.948 8 3.918 9 3.994 10 3.834

[0086] Conclusion: The eastern, southern and western waters of Furong Island in Laizhou Bay are suitable for the construction of proliferative marine ranches.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the ecological suitability of an enhanced marine ranch, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: 1) Based on the construction goal of the proliferative marine ranch to increase fishery resources and output fish catches, the evaluation indicators of the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch are selected. The evaluation indicators include primary indicators, and each primary indicator includes several secondary indicators; the primary indicators include biological indicators, environmental indicators and management indicators. The biological indicators include indicators of the number of species suitable for proliferation, phytoplankton abundance indicators, phytoplankton diversity indicators, zooplankton abundance indicators and zooplankton diversity; the environmental indicators include water depth indicators, flow velocity indicators, bottom type indicators, terrain slope indicators, organic pollution comprehensive index indicators and sediment heavy metal potential ecological hazard risk index indicators; the management indicators include indicators of distance from sensitive ecosystems, offshore distance indicators, distance from transportation seas, and distance from pollution sources; 2) Obtain relevant data on the evaluation indicators of the proposed sea area, and score the evaluation indicators based on the degree to which the natural and social attributes of the proposed sea area meet the ecological needs of the development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch and its adaptability; 3) The judgment matrix is ​​constructed by comparing and scoring the first-level indicators and the second-level indicators respectively, and the weight of the evaluation indicators is calculated by using the hierarchical analysis method; 4) Calculate the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch based on the scores and weights of the evaluation indicators and draw a distribution map of the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch; The Shannon-Weaver diversity index H' was used to calculate the phytoplankton diversity index and zooplankton diversity, and the formula is as follows: Where s is the total number of sample types; P i is the ratio of the number of individuals of the i-th species to the total number of individuals in the sample; The comprehensive organic pollution index A reflects the degree of water pollution by organic pollutants and is used to characterize seawater quality. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, C COD is the measured value of chemical oxygen demand; C IN is the measured value of inorganic nitrogen (mg / L); C IP is the measured value of active phosphate; C DO is the measured value of dissolved oxygen; C' COD , C' IN , C' IP , C' DO They are the first-class standard values ​​of chemical oxygen demand, inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate and dissolved oxygen in the Seawater Quality Standard GB3097-1997. The units in the above values ​​are all mg / L; The Hakanson potential risk index reflects the potential ecological hazards of metal pollutants in sediments and is used to characterize sediment quality. The formula is as follows: In the formula, is the potential ecological hazard coefficient of the i-th heavy metal; is the toxicity coefficient of the i-th heavy metal; C i is the measured value of the i-th heavy metal; is the reference value; RI is the comprehensive index of potential hazards of various heavy metals; RI<150 indicates slight ecological risk, 150≤RI<300 indicates moderate ecological risk, 300≤RI<600 indicates strong ecological risk, and RI≥600 indicates extremely strong ecological risk.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2), the evaluation indicators are scored according to the degree to which the natural and social attributes of the proposed sea area meet the ecological needs of the development and utilization of the proliferative marine ranch and the adaptability, and the evaluation scores are 6 points, 4 points, 2 points, and 0 points respectively.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the evaluation score of one or more secondary indicators in the evaluation indicators is 0, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 0; when the evaluation scores of all evaluation indicators are greater than 0, the calculation formula for the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is: Where HSI is the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch, i is the i-th secondary indicator, and w i is the weight value of the i-th secondary indicator, w i Derived from the analytic hierarchy process, SI i Represents the evaluation score of the i-th secondary indicator; when the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 4-6, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the survey area is very suitable; when the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 2-4, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the survey area is suitable; when the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch is 0, the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch in the survey area is unsuitable.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the ecological suitability of the proliferative marine ranch, an ecological suitability distribution map is drawn, and based on the ecological suitability, the proposed construction sea area is divided into very suitable areas, suitable areas and unsuitable areas.

Images