Antenna unit, transceiving antenna, sensor, and device

Abstract

The application relates to an antenna unit, which comprises a feed line and a plurality of radiation units distributed on both sides of the feed line, each radiation unit comprising a radiation sheet, a part of the plurality of radiation units being long radiation units with a radiation sheet length of 0.8-1.3 times a first wavelength, and a part being short radiation units with a radiation sheet length of 0.4-0.6 times the first wavelength, each side of the feed line being provided with at least one long radiation unit and one short radiation unit, and the radiation units being electromagnetically coupled or mechanically connected to the feed line. The long radiation units with a radiation sheet length of 0.8 lambda g-1.3 lambda g can obtain a radiation waveform with a wide and concave middle and convex sides; and the short radiation units with a radiation sheet length of 0.4-0.6 lambda g can make the wave peak of the radiation waveform of the short radiation units superimposed on the concave of the radiation waveform of the long radiation units, so as to effectively expand the azimuth plane beam width of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to antennas, and more particularly to an antenna element, a transceiver antenna, a sensor, and a device. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of technology, sensors are widely used in various fields, and antennas, as an important component of sensors, are mainly used for signal transmission and reception.

[0003] Since the radiation gain of an antenna determines the range at which a sensor can detect targets, while the beamwidth of the antenna determines the angular range at which the sensor can detect targets, the radiation gain and detection range are generally increased by adding more antenna elements. However, this not only increases the complexity of the antenna structure and makes it difficult to manufacture, but also reduces the beamwidth of the antenna in the elevation plane, and cannot further extend the maximum beamwidth of the antenna in the azimuth plane. Therefore, how to design a wide-beam antenna with a simple structure and easy manufacturing is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a wide-beam antenna unit, transceiver antenna, sensor, and device.

[0005] An antenna element includes a feed line and a plurality of radiating elements distributed on both sides of the feed line. Each radiating element includes a radiating plate. A portion of the plurality of radiating elements are long radiating elements with a radiating plate length of 0.8 to 1.3 times the first wavelength, and a portion are short radiating elements with a radiating plate length of 0.4 to 0.6 times the first wavelength. Each side of the feed line is provided with at least one long radiating element and one short radiating element. The radiating elements are electromagnetically coupled to or mechanically connected to the feed line.

[0006] In one embodiment, the radiating plates of each of the long radiating units are of the same length.

[0007] In one embodiment, the length of the radiating plate of each of the long radiating units is the first wavelength.

[0008] In one embodiment, the radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on one or both sides of the feed line, and the axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the feed line.

[0009] In one embodiment, the axis of symmetry is the vertical bisector of the feed line.

[0010] In one embodiment, on one or both sides of the feed line, the radiating element closer to the feed line has a wider radiating plate, and the radiating element closer to both ends of the feed line has a narrower radiating plate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the feed line is a straight segment or a curved segment.

[0012] In one embodiment, at least a portion of each of the radiating sheets is a vertical structure, or at least a portion is a curved structure.

[0013] In one embodiment, the antenna element is a millimeter-wave antenna element used to transmit and / or receive millimeter-wave signals.

[0014] In one embodiment, each of the radiating elements further includes a coupling feed line connected to the radiating sheet.

[0015] In one embodiment, when the radiating sheet can only emit a single frequency signal, the first wavelength is the wavelength of the signal emitted by the radiating sheet on the radiating sheet; when the radiating sheet can emit signals of at least two frequencies, the first wavelength is the wavelength of the center frequency signal emitted by the radiating sheet on the radiating sheet.

[0016] The aforementioned antenna element, by setting a long radiating element with a radiating plate length of 0.8 to 1.3 times the first wavelength, utilizes the mutually opposite currents in the radiating plate to obtain a relatively wide radiation waveform with a concave center and convex sides. Furthermore, by setting a short radiating element with a radiating plate length of 0.4 to 0.6 times the first wavelength and selecting appropriate antenna structure parameters, the peak of the far-field radiation waveform of the short radiating element can be superimposed on the concave radiation waveform of the long radiating element, thereby effectively extending the azimuth beamwidth of the antenna.

[0017] An antenna element includes: a feed line; and a plurality of radiating plates staggered on both sides of the feed line; wherein a portion of the plurality of radiating plates has at least two current directions when transmitting a preset frequency signal.

[0018] In one embodiment, the portion of the radiating sheet has at least two opposite current directions when emitting a preset frequency signal.

[0019] In one embodiment, the preset frequency signal is the center frequency signal of a frequency-modulated continuous wave.

[0020] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiating sheets include a first radiating sheet and a second radiating sheet; wherein each of the first radiating sheets has a single current direction when emitting the preset frequency signal, and each of the second radiating sheets has at least two current directions when emitting the preset frequency signal.

[0021] The antenna element described above is provided with at least two radiating plates in the direction of current. The radiation waveform of the radiating plate in the far field can be superimposed on the radiation waveform of other radiating plates, thereby effectively extending the azimuth beamwidth of the antenna.

[0022] A transceiver antenna, comprising at least one antenna element as described in any of the embodiments, for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals.

[0023] In one embodiment, at least two of the antenna elements are included; wherein each of the antenna elements is connected in parallel to form an antenna structure for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals.

[0024] A sensor includes: a transceiver antenna as described in any of the above embodiments; and a signal processing module; wherein the signal processing module receives an echo signal through the transceiver antenna and performs signal processing on the echo signal to achieve target detection and / or communication.

[0025] An apparatus includes: an apparatus body; and the sensor disposed on the apparatus body. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To better describe and illustrate embodiments and / or examples of the inventions disclosed herein, reference may be made to one or more accompanying drawings. Additional details or examples used to describe the drawings should not be considered as limiting the scope of any of the disclosed inventions, the currently described embodiments and / or examples, or the best mode of these inventions as currently understood.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a microstrip patch antenna with a proportional series feed.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna element in one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of the current direction on a radiating plate with a length of 0.8λg. Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of the current direction on a radiating plate with a length of 1.3λg;

[0030] Figure 5 This is the mechanism of antenna radiation pattern expansion;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna element in one embodiment where the long radiating element has a curved structure;

[0032] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment and a pair of scaled normalized antenna radiation patterns;

[0033] Figure 8 yes Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment and a pair of scale azimuth plane orientation diagrams;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna element in another embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only. When an element or layer is described as being "on," "adjacent to," "connected to," or "coupled to" other elements or layers, it can be directly on, adjacent to, connected to, or coupled to other elements or layers, or there may be an intervening element or layer. Conversely, when an element is described as being "directly on," "directly adjacent to," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" other elements or layers, there is no intervening element or layer. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, A, B, C, etc., may be used to describe various elements, components, areas, layers, and / or parts, these elements, components, areas, layers, and / or parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or part from another element, component, region, layer, or part. Therefore, without departing from the teachings of this invention, the first element, component, region, layer, or part discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or part.

[0038] When the terms “comprising” and / or “including” are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of the stated feature, integral, step, operation, element, and / or component, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0039] With advancements in automotive and artificial intelligence technologies, autonomous driving has become a future trend in the automotive industry. Millimeter-wave radar, as a crucial sensor in autonomous driving systems, has received significant attention. In practical automotive applications, millimeter-wave radar does not have high requirements for pitch angle detection range; its azimuth angle detection range primarily determines the angular range it can detect.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a proportionally scaled series-fed microstrip patch antenna. It is a vertically polarized structure, and its antenna structure uses microstrip arrays for radiation.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna element in one embodiment. The antenna element includes a feed line 130 and multiple radiating elements distributed on both sides of the feed line 130. Each radiating element includes a radiating plate. Some of these radiating elements are long radiating elements with a radiating plate length of 0.8 to 1.3 times the first wavelength, while others are short radiating elements with a radiating plate length of 0.4 to 0.6 times the first wavelength. Each side of the feed line 130 has at least one long radiating element and one short radiating element. Under the condition that this condition is met, the specific number of long and short radiating elements can be set according to actual needs, such as adjusting according to the required antenna gain or radiation pattern. This application does not further limit this. In an embodiment where the radiating plate can only transmit a single frequency signal, the first wavelength is the wavelength of the signal transmitted by the radiating plate on the radiating plate. When the radiating plate can transmit signals of at least two frequencies, the first wavelength is the wavelength of the center frequency signal transmitted by the radiating plate on the radiating plate. In one embodiment, the radiating plate transmits a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW). In one embodiment, the first wavelength is the wavelength λg of the operating frequency on the medium.

[0042] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, long radiating elements 111 and 113 are provided on the left side of the feed line 130, and long radiating elements 112 and 114 are provided on the right side of the feed line 130. Two short radiating elements 121 are provided between the long radiating elements 111 and 113, and three short radiating elements 122 are provided between the long radiating elements 112 and 114. Each radiating element is mechanically connected to the feed line 130, and each radiating element is used to transmit and / or receive radio frequency signals. In other embodiments, each radiating element may also be electromagnetically coupled to the feed line 130. The antenna unit can receive radio frequency signals through each radiating element, transmit radio frequency signals through each radiating element, and also receive and transmit radio frequency signals through each radiating element.

[0043] When an electromagnetic field propagates along a transmission line, the current direction reverses every half-wavelength λg / 2 (i.e., 180° electrical length). The radiating plates of each long radiating element have a length of 0.8λg to 1.3λg, which is greater than half a wavelength. Therefore, a reversal of the current direction will occur in the long radiating element. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4a and Figure 4b (The arrows indicate the direction of the current). The emitted signal in the radiating plate of the long radiating element has current in two or more directions, thus introducing higher-order modes. Figure 5 Taking an antenna element with a radiating plate length of λg in a long radiating element and a radiating plate length of λg / 2 in a short radiating element as examples, the radiation pattern of the antenna element in this application will be explained. For a long radiating element with a radiating plate length of λg, according to the effect of superposition of antenna radiation in the far field, the two antennas of this long radiating element with a phase difference of 180° form a radiation pattern in the far field that is concave in the middle and convex on both sides, as shown below. Figure 5 In the direction Figure 1 For a short radiating element with a radiating plate length of λg / 2, its far-field radiation still exhibits a waveform that is maximum along the PCB (printed circuit board) normal and gradually decreases towards both sides, such as... Figure 5 In the direction Figure 2 Because the antenna element of this application has long radiating elements and short radiating elements on both sides of the feed line, it achieves [the desired effect] within the same array. Figure 5 China Figure 1 and direction Figure 2 These two types of radiation, and their superposition in the far field, achieve an extension of the antenna beamwidth; the superposition of the two types of radiation in the far field is as follows: Figure 5 In the direction Figure 3 As shown in diagram 4.

[0044] The aforementioned antenna element, by setting a long radiating element with a radiating plate length of 0.8 to 1.3 times the first wavelength, utilizes the opposing currents within the radiating plate to obtain a relatively wide radiation waveform with a concave center and convex sides. Furthermore, by setting a short radiating element with a radiating plate length of 0.4 to 0.6 times the first wavelength and selecting appropriate antenna structure parameters, the peaks of the far-field radiation waveform of the short radiating element can be superimposed on the concave shape of the long radiating element's waveform, effectively extending the azimuth beamwidth of the antenna. On the other hand, the combined action of the long and short radiating elements forms a horizontal antenna array of 0deg, 180deg, and 0deg, with an adjacent radiating element spacing of 0.5λg (approximately 0.2λ to 0.3λ). This array configuration presents a wide beamform in the antenna layout diagram.

[0045] This application also provides another antenna element, including: a feed line and a plurality of radiating plates staggered on both sides of the feed line. A portion of the plurality of radiating plates has at least two current directions when transmitting a preset frequency signal.

[0046] The antenna element described above is provided with at least two radiating plates in the direction of current. The radiation waveform of the radiating plate in the far field can be superimposed on the radiation waveform of other radiating plates, thereby effectively extending the azimuth beamwidth of the antenna.

[0047] In one embodiment, the portion of the radiating sheet has at least two opposite current directions when emitting a preset frequency signal.

[0048] In one embodiment, the preset frequency signal is the center frequency signal of a frequency-modulated continuous wave.

[0049] In one embodiment, the plurality of radiating sheets include a first radiating sheet and a second radiating sheet; wherein each of the first radiating sheets has a single current direction when emitting the preset frequency signal, and each of the second radiating sheets has at least two current directions when emitting the preset frequency signal.

[0050] Figure 7 In polar coordinates Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment and a pair of scaled-down normalized antenna radiation patterns in the horizontal plane. Figure 8 In the vertical coordinate system Figure 3 The illustrated embodiment and a pair of scaled-down normalized antenna radiation patterns in the horizontal plane, wherein... Figure 8 The vertical axis represents the radiation pattern, and the horizontal axis represents the angle. As shown in the figure, the 6dB beamwidth of the comparative antenna is less than ±60 degrees, while the 6dB beamwidth of the embodiment of this application is approximately ±75 degrees. It is evident that the azimuth beamwidth of the antenna element in this embodiment is significantly improved compared to traditional antennas. From an application perspective, this can provide a greater detection range for radar.

[0051] The radiation gain and elevation beamwidth of an antenna element can be controlled by adjusting the number of radiating elements. Within a certain range, more radiating elements result in higher radiation gain and a longer detection range, but also a narrower elevation beamwidth. The width and number of long radiating elements can be adjusted to control the overall beamwidth. Figure 5 In the direction Figure 1 The amplitude and lobe direction of the waveform shown can be adjusted; the number and width of the short radiating elements can also be adjusted. Figure 5 In the direction Figure 2 The amplitude of the waveform shown. This is achieved by controlling... Figure 5 In the direction Figure 1 and direction Figure 2 By measuring the relative amplitude, the target gain and target beamwidth radiation patterns can be obtained. The phase difference between radiating elements can be adjusted by changing the length of the feed lines between them; adjusting the width of each radiating element in the polarization vertical direction controls the ratio of feed energy received by the radiating elements. In array applications, assigning specific energy allocation ratios to different radiating elements can suppress the sidelobes of the elevation beam.

[0052] In antenna radiation, gain and beamwidth of the radiation pattern exhibit an inverse relationship; increasing the antenna beamwidth leads to a decrease in radiation gain. In practical applications, to achieve the same detection range, it is necessary to compensate by adding more radiating elements to the antenna. This further compresses the elevation beam, requiring the antenna design to be adjusted according to the application requirements.

[0053] In one embodiment, the antenna element is formed by etching the antenna shape onto a single-layer high-frequency PCB board, with a complete ground plane on the other side of the PCB board. That is, the antenna element of this application can use two layers of board and existing PCB processes; the antenna structure only requires one layer of high-frequency board to function properly, without incurring additional costs.

[0054] In one embodiment, the antenna element can be implemented by lengthening the radiating plate of a portion of the short radiating elements in an antenna that only has short radiating elements. Therefore, fine-tuning can be performed directly based on traditional antenna designs. Thus, the antenna design can refer to or follow traditional antenna design methods (including the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna feed), and a wide-beam antenna can be designed based on traditional antennas, which is less difficult.

[0055] In one embodiment, the radiating plates of each long radiating element of the antenna unit have the same length. Further, the length of the radiating plate of each long radiating element is the first wavelength.

[0056] In one embodiment, the radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on one side of the feed line of the antenna elements, and the axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the feed line. Further, the axis of symmetry is the perpendicular bisector of the feed line. Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the feed line 130, and the axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the feed line 130. Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the radiating elements on one side of the feeder 130 are staggered with the radiating elements on the other side.

[0057] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, feed line 130 is a straight segment. In other embodiments, feed line 130 may also be a curved segment, such as a curved segment that extends in a C-shape or S-shape.

[0058] In one embodiment, on one side of the antenna element's feed line, the radiating element closer to the feed line has a wider radiating plate, while the radiating element closer to both ends of the feed line has a narrower radiating plate. Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the width of the radiating sheet on both sides of the feed line 130 is larger closer to the midpoint of the feed line and smaller closer to both ends of the feed line.

[0059] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the radiating plates of each radiating unit are all vertically oriented. In other embodiments, some radiating units may have vertically oriented radiating plates, while others may have curved radiating plates; or all radiating units may have curved radiating plates. Figure 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the radiating plates of each long radiating unit 220 at both ends of the feed line 230 are curved structures, while the radiating plates of each short radiating unit 210 are vertical structures. The curved structure can extend in a C-shape or an S-shape.

[0060] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the length of the radiating sheet refers to the extension length of each radiating sheet along the direction away from the feed line. For example, if the top view of the radiating sheet is... Figure 3 The rectangle shown in the diagram has a length that is perpendicular to the feed line. If the top view of the radiating plate is... Figure 6 The curve shown indicates that the length of the radiating plate is the length of the curved radiating plate extending away from the feed line.

[0061] In one embodiment, the antenna element of this application is a millimeter-wave antenna element for transmitting and / or receiving millimeter-wave signals. In one embodiment, the millimeter-wave signal can be a radio frequency signal with a frequency between 30 GHz and 300 GHz. In one embodiment, the antenna element can be used for vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar.

[0062] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna element structure in another embodiment. In this embodiment, each radiating element is distributed on both sides of the feed line 330 and is electromagnetically coupled to the feed line 330. Each radiating element includes a radiating plate and a coupling feed line connected to the radiating plate. Some radiating elements are long radiating elements with a radiating plate length of 0.8 to 1.3 times the first wavelength, and some radiating elements are short radiating elements with a radiating plate length of 0.4 to 0.6 times the first wavelength. For ease of understanding, in Figure 9The document designates a long radiating element and a short radiating element. The long radiating element comprises a radiating plate 311 and a coupling feed line 310, while the short radiating element comprises a radiating plate 322 and a coupling feed line 320. At least one long radiating element and one short radiating element are provided on each side of the feed line 330. The specific number of long and short radiating elements can be set according to actual needs, such as adjusting based on the required antenna gain or radiation pattern. This application does not further limit this. In embodiments where the radiating plate can only transmit a single frequency signal, the first wavelength is the wavelength of the signal transmitted by the radiating plate on the radiating plate. When the radiating plate can transmit signals of at least two frequencies, the first wavelength is the wavelength of the center frequency signal transmitted by the radiating plate on the radiating plate. In one embodiment, the radiating plate transmits a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW). In another embodiment, the first wavelength is the wavelength λg of the operating frequency on the medium.

[0063] exist Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, each radiating element is electromagnetically coupled to the feed line 330 for transmitting and / or receiving radio frequency (RF) signals. That is, the antenna element can receive RF signals through each radiating element, transmit RF signals through each radiating element, and also receive and transmit RF signals through each radiating element. Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, there is no metal connection between the feed line 330 and each radiating element, so it is insensitive to the parameters of antenna size and position, and can have a large tolerance for manufacturing precision. Figure 9 In the embodiment shown, the spacing between each radiating element and the feed line 330 is greater than or equal to the critical dimension of the manufacturing process of the antenna element.

[0064] This application provides a transceiver antenna, including the antenna element described in any of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the transceiver antenna is used to transmit and / or receive radio signals.

[0065] In one embodiment, the transceiver antenna includes at least two antenna elements; wherein each of the antenna elements is connected in parallel to form an antenna structure for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals.

[0066] This application provides a sensor, including a transceiver antenna of any of the foregoing embodiments, and a signal processing module; wherein the signal processing module receives echo signals through the transceiver antenna and performs signal processing on the echo signals to achieve target detection and / or communication.

[0067] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2As shown, this application also provides a device 40, which may include a device body 401 and a sensor 402 disposed on the device body 401 (including but not limited to the sensor 402 being located outside the device body 401, inside the device body 401, or a portion of the sensor 402 being disposed inside the device body 401 and a portion being disposed outside the device body 401). The sensor 402 can realize functions such as target detection and communication by transmitting and receiving signals.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, the device body 401 can be intelligent transportation equipment (such as cars, bicycles, motorcycles, ships, subways, trains, etc.), security equipment (such as cameras), smart wearable devices (such as wristbands, glasses, etc.), smart home devices (such as televisions, air conditioners, smart lights, etc.), various communication devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, etc.), as well as devices such as road barriers, intelligent traffic lights, intelligent signs, traffic cameras, and various industrial robotic arms (or robots). The sensor 402 can be any of the sensors described in any embodiment of the present invention. The structure and working principle of the sensor 402 have been described in detail in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0069] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a radar system, which may include a processor and the antenna unit described in any of the foregoing embodiments. The processor transmits and receives radio frequency signals through the antenna unit to output communication data, assisted driving data, security inspection imaging data, and / or human vital sign parameter data. In one embodiment, the processor may be a radar chip or a radar die. Specifically, when the processor is a radar die, the antenna unit can be integrated on the radar die, thereby reducing the overall size of the system; or, when the processor is a radar die, the antenna unit can be integrated into or on the radar chip's package structure, similarly reducing the overall size of the system.

[0070] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0071] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna element, characterized in that, The device includes a feed line and multiple radiating units distributed on both sides of the feed line. Each radiating unit includes a radiating plate. Some of the multiple radiating units are long radiating units with a radiating plate length of 0.8 to 1.3 times the first wavelength, and some are short radiating units with a radiating plate length of 0.4 to 0.6 times the first wavelength. Each side of the feed line has at least one long radiating unit and one short radiating unit. The radiating units are electromagnetically coupled or mechanically connected to the feed line.

2. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiating plates of each of the aforementioned long radiating units are of the same length.

3. The antenna element according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the radiating plate of each of the long radiating units is the first wavelength.

4. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiating elements are symmetrically distributed on one or both sides of the feed line, and the axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the feed line.

5. The antenna element according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axis of symmetry is the perpendicular bisector of the feed line.

6. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, On one or both sides of the feed line, the radiating element closer to the midpoint of the feed line has a wider radiating plate, and the radiating element closer to both ends of the feed line has a narrower radiating plate.

7. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeder can be a straight line or a curved line.

8. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least a portion of each of the aforementioned radiating sheets is a vertical structure, or at least a portion is a curved structure.

9. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna element is a millimeter-wave antenna element, used to transmit and / or receive millimeter-wave signals.

10. The antenna element according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Each of the radiating units further includes a coupling feed line connected to the radiating sheet; and / or When the radiating sheet can only emit a single frequency signal, the first wavelength is the wavelength of the signal emitted by the radiating sheet on the radiating sheet; When the radiating sheet can emit signals of at least two frequencies, the first wavelength is the wavelength of the center frequency signal emitted by the radiating sheet on the radiating sheet.

11. An antenna element, characterized in that, include: Feeder; as well as Multiple radiating plates are staggered on both sides of the feed line; Among them, some of the multiple radiating plates are long radiating units with a length of 0.8 to 1.3 times the first wavelength, and some are short radiating units with a length of 0.4 to 0.6 times the first wavelength. Each side of the feed line is provided with at least one long radiating unit and one short radiating unit.

12. The antenna element according to claim 11, characterized in that, The preset frequency signal emitted by the long radiating unit is the center frequency signal of a frequency-modulated continuous wave.

13. The antenna element according to claim 11, characterized in that, The plurality of radiating plates includes a first radiating plate and a second radiating plate; Each of the first radiating plates has a single current direction when emitting a preset frequency signal, and each of the second radiating plates has at least two current directions when emitting the preset frequency signal.

14. A transceiver antenna, characterized in that, It includes at least one antenna element as described in any one of claims 1-13, for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals.

15. The transceiver antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that, Includes at least two of the antenna elements; The antenna elements are connected in parallel to form an antenna structure for transmitting and / or receiving radio signals.

16. A sensor, characterized in that, include: The transceiver antenna as described in claim 14 or 15; as well as Signal processing module; The signal processing module receives the echo signal through the transceiver antenna and performs signal processing on the echo signal to achieve target detection and / or communication.

17. A device equipped with a sensor, characterized in that, include: The equipment itself; and The sensor of claim 16 is disposed on the device body.

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