A rotating sparse array method of a distributed architecture antenna system
By employing a rotating sparse array method, the power supply and heat dissipation issues of distributed antenna systems under large pulse width or continuous wave conditions were solved, achieving a balance between stable power supply and heat dissipation, and meeting the requirements of radar systems for long-term transmission operation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202111308510.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-11-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-11-05
AI Technical Summary
Distributed antenna systems struggle to support high power supply and rapid heat dissipation under high pulse width or continuous wave conditions, resulting in insufficient system stability and reliability.
By adopting a rotating sparse array method, the launch operation mode is designed through sparse selection of launch channels, rotation of all array channels, and array optimization, so as to achieve a balance between power supply and heat dissipation.
Stable power supply and heat dissipation of the distributed architecture antenna system under high pulse width or continuous wave conditions were achieved, ensuring long-term stable operation and good transmission beam characteristics of the antenna system.
Smart Images
Figure CN114122680B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of radar antenna design, and particularly relates to a rotation sparse array method of a distributed architecture antenna system. BACKGROUND
[0002] The future development of airborne radars not only requires that the antenna system has a wider working bandwidth, higher power density and thinner profile height, but also requires that the antenna array surface has the characteristics of reconfiguration and expansion to adapt to the application requirements of different platforms and different scenes. The phased array system based on the distributed architecture is an important development direction in the research of airborne radars that can solve the above problems.
[0003] With the continuous development of platform characteristics, the working mode of the radar system is also changing with the development of the platform. With the expansion of the detection range, the attack power of the platform has been greatly improved, and the radar needs to explore the working mode of multiple attack tasks in parallel. This working mode puts higher requirements on the working characteristics of the antenna system in the transmitting state. Not only the requirements for power and gain are increasing, but also the antenna system is required to support longer transmitting pulse width, which is undoubtedly a greater test for the working stability, power supply and heat dissipation capacity of the antenna system. However, the antenna system based on the distributed architecture is different from the traditional antenna system assembly architecture. The distributed active phased array system integrates radiation arrays, transceiver channels, wave control computing, power supply and energy storage, and feeding networks with high density to form modular array subunits. Each array subunit has an independent power supply interface and a liquid cooling interface. The antenna system provides limited power supply and heat dissipation capacity through the interface of the subunit, which is difficult to support high-power power supply and concentrated rapid cooling of the local array in the large pulse width state or continuous wave state. SUMMARY
[0004] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the application provides a rotation sparse array method of a distributed architecture antenna system, the distributed architecture antenna system comprising a plurality of array subunits, each array subunit comprising a plurality of transceiver channels, characterized in that the rotation sparse array method comprises: step S1, determining the antenna transmitting working duty cycle of the distributed architecture antenna; step S2, determining the number of gated channels working at the same time of each array subunit according to the antenna transmitting working duty cycle; step S3, for each array subunit, constructing a plurality of rotation schemes according to the number of gated channels and the total number of transceiver channels, each rotation scheme being a set of a plurality of gated channels, and each rotation scheme being different from the gated channels of other rotation schemes, wherein the rotation schemes are configured to rotate work when the distributed architecture antenna works; and step S4, determining each gated channel of each rotation scheme of each array subunit.
[0005] Preferably, in step S2, determining the number of gated channels of each array facet subunit working at the same time according to the antenna transmit duty cycle comprises: taking the antenna transmit duty cycle as a proportionality coefficient, constructing a channel working upper limit determined by the product of the total number of transceiving channels of the array facet subunit and the proportionality coefficient, and the number of gated channels of each array facet subunit is not greater than the channel working upper limit.
[0006] Preferably, in step S2, the number of gated channels of each array facet subunit is not less than 70% of the channel working upper limit.
[0007] Preferably, in step S3, for each array facet subunit, the number S of the rotation schemes is: 选通 *80%≤N / S≤N 选通 *120%; wherein N is the total number of transceiving channels of the array facet subunit, and N 选通 is the number of gated channels of the array facet subunit working.
[0008] Preferably, in step S3, for each array facet subunit, the number S of the rotation schemes is:
[0009] Preferably, in step S4, determining the gated channels of each rotation scheme of each array facet subunit comprises: step S41, given an initial rotation scheme, randomly giving the initial gated channel layout in each rotation scheme as a constraint condition that the gated channels of each rotation scheme are different from those of other rotation schemes; step S42, constructing multiple groups of distributed architecture antennas combined by all array facet subunits; step S43, respectively simulating each group of distributed architecture antennas; step S44, iteratively determining the gated channel layout in each rotation scheme to obtain the optimal gated channel layout in each rotation scheme under the optimization condition that the difference between the simulation results of each group of distributed architecture and the simulation results of the full-pass distributed architecture antenna is less than a threshold value, wherein the full-pass distributed architecture antenna refers to a distributed architecture antenna in which all channels are working.
[0010] Preferably, the difference between the simulation results being less than the threshold value comprises: the difference between the main beam width in the pattern of the central frequency of each group of distributed architecture and the full-pass distributed architecture antenna is less than 0.2°.
[0011] Preferably, the difference between the simulation results being less than the threshold value comprises: the difference between the gain in the pattern of the central frequency of each group of distributed architecture and the full-pass distributed architecture antenna is less than 1dB.
[0012] Preferably, the difference between the simulation results being less than the threshold value comprises: the side lobe in the pattern of the central frequency of each group of distributed architecture is lower than -12dB.
[0013] Preferably, the gating channels of each of the rotation schemes are different from those of other rotation schemes, including: the overlapping amount of the gating channels of each of the rotation schemes is no more than 20% compared with those of other rotation schemes.
[0014] This application designs the transmission working mode through the methods of sparse transmission channel selection, full array channel rotation and array optimization, achieving good transmission beam characteristics while realizing power supply and heat dissipation balance of the distributed architecture antenna system, meeting the radar's requirements for long-term and stable transmission working status of the antenna system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a rotational sparse array method for a distributed architecture antenna system of the present application.
[0016] Figure 2 For this application Figure 1 The distributed architecture antenna system array sub-unit distribution diagram of the embodiment shown.
[0017] Figure 3 is the application Figure 1 The array arrangement and direction pattern of the rotating mode 1 of the embodiment shown.
[0018] Figure 4 is the application Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment shows the array arrangement and pattern of rotation mode 2.
[0019] Figure 5 is the application Figure 1 The rotation mode 3 array arrangement and direction pattern of the embodiment shown.
[0020] Figure 6 is the application Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment shows a 4-pattern array arrangement and pattern.
[0021] Figure 7 is the application Figure 1 The rotation mode 5 array arrangement and direction pattern of the embodiment shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Identical or similar numerals in the drawings represent identical or similar elements or elements with identical or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work under the premise that the embodiments in the present application belong to the scope of protection of the present application. The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
[0023] Under the architecture of the distributed active phased array antenna system different from the traditional antenna system, the array power supply mode and the heat dissipation mode put more constraints on the transmission working mode design, and the antenna system puts forward higher requirements on the transmission power and the transmission time, so the antenna system needs to apply a brand-new transmission working mode, the present application proposes a rotating sparse array method of the distributed architecture antenna system, and the present application has the following purposes:
[0024] 1. Providing a design solution for the distributed architecture antenna system in a large pulse width / continuous wave transmission state, solving the distributed power supply and heat dissipation bottleneck problem through array comprehensive design constraints.
[0025] 2. Through rotating work of multiple sub-modes, further uniformly dispersing the total array heat consumption, so that the system can ensure the best heat dissipation efficiency and reliability.
[0026] 3. Through sub-mode transmission beam optimization design, the sub-mode transmission beam has stable narrow beam characteristics, meeting the requirements of the radar system on low interception characteristics.
[0027] The present application provides a rotating sparse array method of a distributed architecture antenna system, the distributed architecture antenna system comprising a plurality of array sub-units, each array sub-unit comprising a plurality of transceiving channels, as shown in Figure 1 The rotating sparse array method comprises:
[0028] Step S1, determining the antenna transmission working duty cycle of the distributed architecture antenna;
[0029] Step S2, determining the number of selected channels working at the same time of each array sub-unit according to the antenna transmission working duty cycle;
[0030] Step S3: For each array subunit, construct multiple rotation schemes based on the number of gating channels and the total number of transmit and receive channels, each rotation scheme being a collection of multiple gating channels, each rotation scheme having different gating channels from other rotation schemes, wherein the rotation schemes are configured to rotate in operation when the distributed architecture antenna is operating;
[0031] Step S4: determine the gating channels of each group of rotation schemes of each array sub-unit.
[0032] In an alternative embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the distributed architecture antenna system involved in this application is composed of 16 array subunits, with labels 1-16 referring to each array subunit respectively. Each array subunit integrates 64 transmit and receive channels and contains independent beam control subunits, power supply subunits, and heat dissipation branches. The antenna system provides the same power supply and heat dissipation capabilities for the 16 array subunits. In the design of the transmit working mode, this application adopts the methods of sparse transmission channel selection, full array channel rotation, and array optimization to make the transmit beamwidth equivalent to the full array beamwidth while achieving balanced power supply and heat dissipation of the distributed architecture antenna system.
[0033] Sparse gating of transmit channels means calculating the maximum number of channels in the large pulse width / continuous wave transmission state based on the antenna system's power supply capacity for each array sub-unit, and using this as a constraint to perform sparse gating within each array sub-unit. The maximum sparsity rate is the highest duty cycle of the antenna system's transmit operation (narrow pulse state).
[0034] Full array channel rotation refers to switching between several transmission selection sub-modes in the transmission mode. The transmission channels selected in each sub-mode do not overlap with each other. Therefore, by alternating between several modes, the full array channel rotation can be achieved, balancing the transmission working time of each channel, so that the heat consumption of the entire array is evenly distributed.
[0035] The array optimization method refers to optimizing the design of sparse selection sub-modes of the transmission channel to ensure that each sub-mode does not repeatedly select the same transmission channel. At the same time, the gain, bandwidth, sidelobe level and other characteristics of the transmission beam under each sub-mode can be kept consistent through optimized array.
[0036] In an alternative embodiment, the distributed architecture antenna system can also be composed of 16, or 25, or 36 array sub-units, and each array sub-unit can also integrate 36, or 49, or 81 transceiver channels, and the rotating sparse array method of the distributed architecture antenna system of the present application is applicable.
[0037] In some optional embodiments, in step S2, determining the number of gating channels operating at the same time of each array subunit based on the antenna transmission duty cycle includes: using the antenna transmission duty cycle as a proportional coefficient, constructing a channel operating upper limit determined by the product of the total number of transmit and receive channels of the array subunit and the proportional coefficient, and the number of gating channels of each array subunit is not greater than the channel operating upper limit.
[0038] Each channel sub-unit of this application has a built-in energy storage circuit, which can ensure short-term high-current power supply in a narrow pulse state (pulse width less than 1ms). Since the energy storage circuit can be charged at all times, in order to reduce the interface size and reduce system redundancy, the sub-unit power supply interface current is generally designed according to the average current of the entire array. Therefore, the maximum current that the power supply interface can provide is:
[0039] I max =I 单通道 ×η×N
[0040] Among them I 单通道 is the peak current of a single channel, η is the transmit duty cycle, and N is the total number of channels contained in each array sub-unit. When the entire antenna system operates in a wide pulse or continuous wave state, the energy storage circuit cannot support long-term high-power power output. Therefore, the sub-unit power supply needs to be completely supplied by an external power supply. The peak current flowing through the power supply interface is:
[0041] I 连续波 / 宽脉冲 =I 单通道 ×N
[0042] Right now:
[0043] Since η is less than 1, the peak current is greater than the maximum current that the power supply interface can provide. When the entire array is working, the system power supply is difficult to support.
[0044] This solution adopts the method of sub-array channel gating to solve this problem. The number of gating channels N 选通 Does not exceed the product of the number of sub-array channels and the duty cycle, that is,
[0045] N 选通 ≤N×η
[0046] I 连续波 / 宽脉冲 =I 单通道 ×N 选通 ≤I 单通道 ×N×η=I max
[0047] In this way, both the subsystem interface and the system power supply can support this working mode.
[0048] According to the above analysis, in step S2, the number of the same time working gating channels of each array facet subunit can be determined by the antenna transmitting duty cycle, for example, in a specific case, each array facet subunit integrates 64 transceiving channels, and the maximum transmitting duty cycle of the antenna system involved is 25%, so in the wide pulse or continuous wave state, the number of single microsystem gating channels can be calculated to be not more than 16.
[0049] In some optional embodiments, in step S2, the number of the gating channels of each array facet subunit is not less than 70% of the upper limit of the channel working. For example, in the above calculation example, according to 75% calculation, the number of working channels can be set to 12 (16*75%), and for each subarray with a total number of channels of 64, 5 sets of mutually exclusive working channel sets can be formed, that is, the system can form 5 working modes for rotation work.
[0050] In some optional embodiments, in step S3, for each array facet subunit, the number S of the rotation schemes is: 选通 *80%≤N / S≤N 选通 *120%; wherein, N is the total number of transceiving channels of the array facet subunit, and N 选通 is the number of the gating channels used for working of the array facet subunit.
[0051] For example, the total number of transceiving channels of the array facet subunit is 64, and the number of the gating channels used for working of the array facet subunit is 12, so it can be determined that 9.6≤64 / S≤14.4. In this scheme, N 选通 *80% means that part of the channels are allowed to participate in two or more rotation schemes, that is, there are overlapping gating channels in different rotation schemes, N 选通 *120% means that part of the channels are not allowed to work in each rotation scheme.
[0052] In some optional embodiments, in step S3, for each array facet subunit, the number S of the rotation schemes is:
[0053] For example, for each subarray with a total number of channels of 64, the number of working channels is set to 12, so wherein, is a down rounding symbol. The down rounding can ensure that there is no repeated use of channels in each rotation scheme, and is a relatively conservative rotation scheme.
[0054] In some optional embodiments, in step S4, each gating channel of each rotation scheme of each array facet subunit is determined as:
[0055] Step S41, an initial rotation scheme is given, and an initial gating channel layout in each rotation scheme is randomly given as a constraint condition that each rotation scheme is different from other rotation schemes in a gating channel.
[0056] Step S42, a plurality of groups of distributed architecture antennas formed by combination of all array surface sub-units are constructed.
[0057] Step S43, each group of distributed architecture antennas is simulated respectively.
[0058] Step S44, an optimal gating channel layout in each rotation scheme is obtained by iteratively optimizing the gating channel layout in each rotation scheme under an optimization condition that a difference between a simulation result of each group of distributed architecture and a simulation result of a full-gating distributed architecture antenna is less than a threshold value, and the full-gating distributed architecture antenna refers to a distributed architecture antenna in which all channels work.
[0059] In some optional embodiments, the difference between the simulation results being less than the threshold value includes that a main beam width difference in a directional diagram of a center frequency of each group of distributed architecture and the full-gating distributed architecture antenna is less than 0.2°.
[0060] In some optional embodiments, the difference between the simulation results being less than the threshold value includes that a gain difference in a directional diagram of a center frequency of each group of distributed architecture and the full-gating distributed architecture antenna is less than 1dB.
[0061] In some optional embodiments, the difference between the simulation results being less than the threshold value includes that a side lobe in a directional diagram of a center frequency of each group of distributed architecture is less than -12dB.
[0062] As shown in FIGS. 3-7, for the above-mentioned embodiments, five array distributions are formed after optimization, and it can be known from the simulation results of the directional diagrams that, in each working mode, a beam width difference is less than 0.2°, and a side lobe difference is less than 2dB, and the array radiation characteristics can ensure good consistency.
[0063] In some optional embodiments, the gating channels of each rotation scheme being different from those of other rotation schemes includes that an overlap number of the gating channels of each rotation scheme is not higher than 20% compared with those of other rotation schemes.
[0064] The present application provides a rotation sparse array method of a distributed architecture antenna system, which has the following advantages and purposes:
[0065] (1) The rotation sparse array method can provide guidance and constraints for array surface design of the distributed architecture antenna system in a large pulse width / continuous wave transmission state, balance power consumption of each sub-unit of the antenna system while fully using power supply resources, and avoid short, concentrated and high power supply modes.
[0066] (2) Through the rotation work, each transmitting channel of the full array can be traversed, while ensuring that the working time of each channel is the same, and the heat dissipation of the full array is evenly dispersed, so that the system can ensure the best heat dissipation efficiency and reliability.
[0067] (3) Through algorithm optimization, the antenna transmitting beam has stable ERP and narrow beam characteristics, so that the system has good low interception characteristics.
[0068] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for rotating sparse array of a distributed architecture antenna system, the distributed architecture antenna system comprising a plurality of array sub-units, each array sub-unit comprising a plurality of transceiving channels, the method comprising: determining a first array sub-unit to be activated; determining a second array sub-unit to be deactivated; and rotating the first array sub-unit to the second array sub-unit. The wheel rotation sparse array method comprises: Step S1, determining an antenna transmission working duty cycle of a distributed architecture antenna; Step S2, determining a number of gating channels of each array surface subunit working at the same time according to the antenna transmission working duty cycle; Step S3, for each array surface subunit, constructing a plurality of rotation schemes according to the number of gating channels and the total number of transceiving channels, each rotation scheme being a set of a plurality of gating channels, and each rotation scheme being different from other rotation schemes in gating channels, wherein the rotation schemes are configured to rotate work when the distributed architecture antenna works; Step S4, determining each gating channel of each rotation scheme of each array surface subunit; In step S4, determining each gating channel of each rotation scheme of each array surface subunit comprises: Step S41, given an initial rotation scheme, randomly giving an initial gating channel layout in each rotation scheme as a constraint condition that each rotation scheme is different from other rotation schemes in gating channels; Step S42, constructing a plurality of total array surfaces of the distributed architecture antenna combined by all array surface subunits under each rotation scheme; Step S43, respectively simulating the pattern of each total array surface of the distributed architecture antenna under each rotation scheme; Step S44, taking a difference between the simulation results of each total array surface of the distributed architecture antenna and the simulation results of a full-through distributed architecture antenna as an optimization condition, iterating the gating channel layout of each array surface subunit in each rotation scheme to obtain an optimal gating channel layout in each rotation scheme, and the full-through distributed architecture antenna refers to a distributed architecture antenna in which all channels work; The difference between the simulation results is less than a threshold value, which comprises: In the pattern of each total array surface of the distributed architecture antenna, the difference between the main beam width is less than 0.2°, the difference between the gain is less than 1dB, and the sidelobe is lower than -12dB in the pattern of the center frequency of each total array surface of the distributed architecture antenna; Each rotation scheme is different from other rotation schemes in gating channels, which comprises: the number of overlapping gating channels of each rotation scheme is not higher than 20% compared with other rotation schemes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In step S2, the number of gating channels of each array surface subunit working at the same time is determined according to the antenna transmission working duty cycle, which comprises: Taking the antenna transmission working duty cycle as a proportion coefficient, constructing a channel working upper limit determined by the product of the total number of transceiving channels of the array surface subunit and the proportion coefficient, and the number of gating channels of each array surface subunit is not greater than the channel working upper limit.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: determining a number of the plurality of antenna elements in the plurality of antenna element groups; and determining a number of the plurality of antenna element groups in the plurality of antenna element groups. In step S2, the number of gating channels of each array surface subunit is not less than 70% of the channel working upper limit.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: determining a number of antenna elements in each of the plurality of antenna elements; and determining a number of antenna elements in each of the plurality of antenna elements based on the number of antenna elements in each of the plurality of antenna elements. In step S3, for each array surface subunit, the number S of rotation schemes is: N 选通 *80% < N / S < 120% 选通 *120% Wherein, N is the total number of transceiving channels of the array surface subunit, N 选通 is the number of gating channels used for working of the array surface subunit.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: determining a number of the plurality of antenna elements in the plurality of antenna element groups; and determining a number of the plurality of antenna element groups in the plurality of antenna element groups. In step S3, for each array surface subunit, the number S of rotation schemes is: