Microwave limiter and transceiver based on feedback

Abstract

The present invention is applicable to the field of microwave communication technology, and provides a microwave limiter and a transceiver based on feedback. The limiter comprises: a bidirectional coupler, a first forward detection module, a second forward detection module, a first choke inductor, a second choke inductor, a PIN diode, a first capacitor, an antenna end and a power transmitting end; the bidirectional coupler, the first main branch end is connected to the antenna end, the second main branch end is respectively connected to the first end of the first choke inductor, the positive electrode of the PIN diode and the power transmitting end, the first coupling end is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module, and the second coupling end is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module; the output end of the first forward detection module is connected to the second end of the first choke inductor; based on the characteristics of the bidirectional coupler, when a high-power signal is injected, the two detection modules are superimposed on the two ends of the PIN diode to perform unidirectional limiting, thereby realizing unidirectional protection of the high-power signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave communications, and in particular relates to a microwave limiter and a transceiver based on feedback. Background Art

[0002] A microwave limiter is a power modulation device. When the power is low, the signal passes through with almost no attenuation. However, when the input power increases to a certain value, the signal will be greatly attenuated. It is often used to protect receivers and low-noise amplifiers.

[0003] In the prior art, microwave limiters are usually bidirectional and cannot be used for unidirectional protection of transmitters. There is a lack of a unidirectional limiter and it cannot meet the actual application requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present invention provide a microwave limiter and a transceiver based on feedback to solve the problem of lack of a high-power unidirectional limiter in the prior art.

[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a feedback-based microwave limiter, comprising: a bidirectional coupler, a first forward detection module, a second forward detection module, a first choke inductor, a second choke inductor, a PIN diode, a first capacitor, an antenna terminal and a power transmitting terminal;

[0006] The first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the antenna end, the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is respectively connected to the first end of the first choke inductor, the positive electrode of the PIN diode and the power transmitting end, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module, and the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module;

[0007] The output end of the first forward detection module is connected to the second end of the first choke inductor; the output end of the second forward detection module is connected to the first end of the second choke inductor, and the second end of the second choke inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the negative electrode of the PIN diode;

[0008] The second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0009] Optionally, the first forward detection module includes: a first detection diode and a first filtering unit;

[0010] The anode of the first detection diode is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module, and the cathode of the first detection diode is connected to the input end of the first filtering unit;

[0011] The output end of the first filtering unit is connected to the output end of the first forward detection module.

[0012] Optionally, the first filtering unit includes: a first resistor and a second capacitor;

[0013] The first end of the first resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the input end of the first filtering unit and the output end of the first filtering unit;

[0014] The second end of the first resistor and the second end of the second capacitor are both grounded.

[0015] Optionally, the first detection diode is a Schottky diode.

[0016] Optionally, the second forward detection module includes: a second detection diode and a second filtering unit;

[0017] The anode of the second detection diode is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module, and the cathode of the second detection diode is connected to the input end of the second filtering unit;

[0018] The output end of the second filtering unit is connected to the output end of the second forward detection module.

[0019] Optionally, the feedback-based microwave limiter further includes: a first isolator;

[0020] The input end of the first isolator is connected to the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler, and the output end of the first isolator is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module.

[0021] Optionally, the feedback-based microwave limiter further includes: a second isolator;

[0022] The input end of the second isolator is connected to the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler, and the output end of the second isolator is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module.

[0023] Optionally, the feedback-based microwave limiter further includes: a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor;

[0024] The first end of the third capacitor is respectively connected to the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler, the first end of the first choke inductor and the positive electrode of the PIN diode, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected to the power transmitting end;

[0025] A first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler, and a second end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the antenna end.

[0026] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a transceiver device, comprising: an antenna, a T / R component, and a feedback-based microwave limiter as provided in the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] The antenna is connected to the antenna end of the feedback-based microwave limiter, and the T / R component is connected to the power transmitting end of the feedback-based microwave limiter.

[0028] A third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless communication system, including the transceiver device provided by the second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The embodiment of the present invention provides a feedback-based microwave limiter and transceiver, wherein the limiter comprises: a bidirectional coupler, a first forward detection module, a second forward detection module, a first choke inductor, a second choke inductor, a PIN diode, a first capacitor, an antenna end and a power transmitting end; the first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the antenna end, the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is respectively connected to the first end of the first choke inductor, the positive electrode of the PIN diode and the power transmitting end, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module, and the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module; the output end of the first forward detection module is connected to the second end of the first choke inductor; the output end of the second forward detection module is connected to the first end of the second choke inductor, and the second end of the second choke inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the negative electrode of the PIN diode; the second end of the first capacitor is grounded. The embodiment of the present invention is based on the characteristics of a bidirectional coupler. When a high-power signal is injected from the antenna end, the two detection modules are superimposed to act on the two ends of the PIN diode, and the PIN diode is turned on; when a signal is injected from the power transmitting end, the PIN diode is cut off and unidirectional limiting is performed, thereby achieving unidirectional protection against high-power signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a microwave limiter based on feedback provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 The present invention provides a circuit schematic diagram of a microwave limiter based on feedback. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures, technologies, etc. are provided for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to prevent unnecessary details from obstructing the description of the present invention.

[0034] In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below for illustration.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a microwave limiter based on feedback, including: a bidirectional coupler 11, a first forward detection module 12, a second forward detection module 13, a first choke inductor L1, a second choke inductor L2, a PIN diode D1, a first capacitor C1, an antenna terminal A and a power transmitting terminal B;

[0036] The first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is connected to the antenna end A, the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is respectively connected to the first end of the first choke inductor L1, the positive electrode of the PIN diode D1 and the power transmitting end B, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module 12, and the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module 13;

[0037] The output end of the first forward detection module 12 is connected to the second end of the first choke inductor L1; the output end of the second forward detection module 13 is connected to the first end of the second choke inductor L2, and the second end of the second choke inductor L2 is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the negative electrode of the PIN diode D1;

[0038] A second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is grounded.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 couples a part of the energy, realizes the rectification of the forward voltage or current through the first forward detection module 12, outputs the first detection voltage, and then acts on the positive electrode of the PIN diode D1 through the first choke inductor L1; the second coupling end couples a part of the energy, realizes the rectification of the forward voltage or current through the second forward detection module 13, outputs the second detection voltage, and then acts on the negative electrode of the PIN diode D1 through the second choke inductor L2. According to the characteristics of the bidirectional coupler 11, when the antenna terminal A injects a signal, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is the actual coupling end, and the second coupling end is the actual isolation end. Therefore, the first detection voltage is greater than the second detection voltage, the PIN diode D1 is forward biased, and the signal injected by the antenna terminal A is discharged through the PIN diode D1 and the first capacitor C1, which can effectively prevent external signal interference and attack. On the contrary, when the power transmitting end B injects a signal, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 is actually an isolation end, and the second coupling end is actually a coupling end. Therefore, the first detection voltage is less than the second detection voltage, the PIN diode D1 is reverse biased and cut off, and the signal is normally transmitted through the main branch of the bidirectional coupler 11 via the antenna end A, thereby achieving unidirectional limiting.

[0040] The feedback-based microwave unidirectional limiter provided in the embodiment of the present invention has no limiting effect in the transmission direction and does not affect the normal transmission of the signal; the reverse receiving direction can protect against interference and attacks from high-power signals. Applied to the transmitter, the antenna terminal A is connected to the antenna, and the power transmission terminal B is connected to the transmitter, which can effectively prevent external signal interference and attacks, withstand high power, improve the microwave protection capability of the transmitter, effectively improve the security and reliability of the communication system, and fill the gap in the microwave protection direction. In addition, the unidirectional limiter provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a simple circuit structure and low cost, and is very suitable for practical applications.

[0041] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the first forward detection module 12 may include: a first detection diode D2 and a first filtering unit 121;

[0042] The anode of the first detection diode D2 is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module 12, and the cathode of the first detection diode D2 is connected to the input end of the first filtering unit 121;

[0043] An output end of the first filtering unit 121 is connected to an output end of the first forward detection module 12 .

[0044] The embodiment of the present invention realizes the rectification of relatively high forward voltage and forward current through the first detection diode D2 and the first filtering unit 121 , and has a simple circuit structure and low cost.

[0045] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the first filtering unit 121 may include: a first resistor R1 and a second capacitor C2;

[0046] The first end of the first resistor R1 is respectively connected to the first end of the second capacitor C2, the input end of the first filtering unit 121 and the output end of the first filtering unit 121;

[0047] A second end of the first resistor R1 and a second end of the second capacitor C2 are both grounded.

[0048] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the first detection diode D2 can be a Schottky diode.

[0049] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the second forward detection module 13 may include: a second detection diode D3 and a second filtering unit 131;

[0050] The anode of the second detection diode D3 is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module 13, and the cathode of the second detection diode D3 is connected to the input end of the second filtering unit 131;

[0051] An output end of the second filtering unit 131 is connected to an output end of the second forward detection module 13 .

[0052] As above, the second forward detection module 13 can also use a detection diode and a filter unit to realize forward detection, and the circuit structure is simple and easy to realize.

[0053] In some embodiments, the second detection diode D3 may be a Schottky diode.

[0054] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 The circuit structure of the second filtering unit 131 may be the same as the circuit structure of the first filtering unit 121; the second filtering unit 131 may include: a second resistor R2 and a fifth capacitor C5;

[0055] The first end of the second resistor R2 is respectively connected to the first end of the fifth capacitor C5, the input end of the second filtering unit 131 and the output end of the second filtering unit 131;

[0056] A second end of the second resistor R2 and a second end of the fifth capacitor C5 are both grounded.

[0057] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the feedback-based microwave limiter may further include: a first isolator 14;

[0058] An input end of the first isolator 14 is connected to a first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 , and an output end of the first isolator 14 is connected to an input end of the first forward detection module 12 .

[0059] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the feedback-based microwave limiter may further include: a second isolator 15;

[0060] An input end of the second isolator 15 is connected to the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler 11 , and an output end of the second isolator 15 is connected to an input end of the second forward detection module 13 .

[0061] In the embodiment of the present invention, a first isolator 14 and a second isolator 15 are further provided to improve the isolation between the two coupling ends of the bidirectional coupler 11, realize unidirectional detection of signals at the two ports, and improve the stability and reliability of the limiter.

[0062] The first isolator 14 and the second isolator 15 may also be circulators.

[0063] In some embodiments, reference Figure 2 , the feedback-based microwave limiter may further include: a third capacitor C3 and a fourth capacitor C4;

[0064] The first end of the third capacitor C3 is respectively connected to the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler 11, the first end of the first choke inductor L1 and the positive electrode of the PIN diode D1, and the second end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the power transmitting end B;

[0065] A first end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler 11 , and a second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the antenna end A.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna end A and the power transmitting end B are both provided with capacitors for isolation and filtering, filtering out low-frequency signals, and improving the high-frequency characteristics of the limiter.

[0067] Corresponding to any of the above-mentioned microwave limiters based on feedback, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a transceiver device, including: an antenna, a T / R component, and the microwave limiter based on feedback provided in the above-mentioned embodiment;

[0068] The antenna is connected to the antenna terminal A of the feedback-based microwave limiter, and the T / R component is connected to the power transmitting terminal B of the feedback-based microwave limiter.

[0069] Corresponding to the transceiver device provided in the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a wireless communication system, including the transceiver device provided herein, and having the advantages of the above transceiver device, which will not be described in detail here.

[0070] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A microwave limiter based on feedback, It is characterized in that include: A bidirectional coupler, a first forward detection module, a second forward detection module, a first choke inductor, a second choke inductor, a PIN diode, a first capacitor, an antenna terminal and a power transmitting terminal; The first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the antenna end, the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler is respectively connected to the first end of the first choke inductor, the positive electrode of the PIN diode and the power transmitting end, the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module, and the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module; The output end of the first forward detection module is connected to the second end of the first choke inductor; the output end of the second forward detection module is connected to the first end of the second choke inductor, and the second end of the second choke inductor is respectively connected to the first end of the first capacitor and the cathode of the PIN diode; The second terminal of the first capacitor is grounded.

2. The microwave limiter based on feedback as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The first forward detection module includes: a first detection diode and a first filtering unit; The anode of the first detection diode is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module, and the cathode of the first detection diode is connected to the input end of the first filtering unit; The output end of the first filtering unit is connected to the output end of the first forward detection module.

3. The microwave limiter based on feedback as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that The first filtering unit includes: a first resistor and a second capacitor; The first end of the first resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the input end of the first filtering unit and the output end of the first filtering unit; The second end of the first resistor and the second end of the second capacitor are both grounded.

4. The microwave limiter based on feedback as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that The first detection diode is a Schottky diode.

5. The microwave limiter based on feedback as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The second forward detection module includes: a second detection diode and a second filtering unit; The anode of the second detection diode is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module, and the cathode of the second detection diode is connected to the input end of the second filtering unit; The output end of the second filtering unit is connected to the output end of the second forward detection module.

6. The microwave limiter based on feedback according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that Also includes: a first isolator; The input end of the first isolator is connected to the first coupling end of the bidirectional coupler, and the output end of the first isolator is connected to the input end of the first forward detection module.

7. The microwave limiter based on feedback as claimed in claim 6, It is characterized in that Also includes: A second isolator; The input end of the second isolator is connected to the second coupling end of the bidirectional coupler, and the output end of the second isolator is connected to the input end of the second forward detection module.

8. The microwave limiter based on feedback according to any one of claims 1 to 5, It is characterized in that Also includes: a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor; The first end of the third capacitor is respectively connected to the second main branch end of the bidirectional coupler, the first end of the first choke inductor and the positive electrode of the PIN diode, and the second end of the third capacitor is connected to the power transmitting end; A first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the first main branch end of the bidirectional coupler, and a second end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the antenna end.

9. A transceiver device, It is characterized in that include: Antenna, T / R assembly and a feedback-based microwave limiter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8; The antenna is connected to the antenna end of the feedback-based microwave limiter, and the T / R component is connected to the power transmission end of the feedback-based microwave limiter.

10. A wireless communication system, It is characterized in that Comprising the transceiver device as claimed in claim 9.

Images