A power supply pre-processing circuit

Abstract

This invention proposes a power preprocessing circuit, comprising: a surge suppression circuit for overvoltage surge limiting; a power sustaining circuit electrically connected to the surge suppression circuit for power interruption sustaining function; and a functional circuit connected to the power sustaining circuit for providing a power loop during steady-state input. This invention achieves functional integration through the organic combination of these three circuit components, reducing the size by more than 40% compared to traditional discrete products, while significantly reducing power loop losses and effectively improving efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supply circuit technology, and in particular to a power supply preprocessing circuit. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement and development of airborne electronic equipment, "electrical pollution" such as overvoltage surges and transient spike surges has become a significant problem seriously affecting the use and damage of electrical equipment. In airborne computers, the main function of the power module is to convert the primary power supply voltage to various DC voltages required by the computer. Due to the complexity of aircraft power supply conditions, there are a series of problems such as conducted noise, magnetic field radiation interference, overvoltage surges, spike surges, and undervoltage surges. Among these, overvoltage surges and spike surges are the main problems causing serious malfunctions such as damage to the power module and other electrical modules. Addressing these problems requires power preprocessing technology.

[0003] Airborne power preprocessing technology is the core of airborne power processing, mainly including surge suppression and power maintenance. Currently, power preprocessing technology uses discrete products, which have problems such as large size and low efficiency. As avionics systems develop towards miniaturization, integration and high efficiency, the current discrete products can no longer meet the future airborne power supply needs of aircraft. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a power preprocessing circuit.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention proposes a power preprocessing circuit, the power preprocessing circuit comprising:

[0007] A surge suppression circuit, which is used to implement overvoltage surge limiting function;

[0008] A power sustaining circuit, which is electrically connected to the surge suppression circuit, is capable of maintaining power supply during power outages.

[0009] A functional circuit is connected to the power supply sustaining circuit, and the functional circuit provides a power loop for the power supply sustaining circuit during steady-state input.

[0010] Furthermore, the surge suppression circuit includes a boost circuit Boost1, a control circuit Control, a resistor R4, and an N-channel MOSFET Q1. The boost circuit Boost1, the control circuit Control, and the resistor R4 are connected in series. One end of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the resistor R4, and the other end of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the control circuit Control.

[0011] Furthermore, the surge suppression circuit also includes a resistor R1 and a Zener diode D1. One end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the boost circuit Boost1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded. One end of the Zener diode D1 is electrically connected to the N-channel MOSFET Q1, and the other end of the Zener diode D1 is electrically connected to the resistor R1.

[0012] Furthermore, the power supply maintenance circuit includes a boost circuit Boost2, a resistor R8, and a capacitor C1. The resistor R8 is a current-limiting resistor, and the capacitor C1 is an energy storage capacitor. One end of the boost circuit Boost2 is electrically connected to the N-channel MOSFET Q1, and the other end of the boost circuit Boost2 is electrically connected to the resistor R8. The capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the end of the resistor R8 that is away from the boost circuit Boost2.

[0013] Furthermore, the power sustaining circuit also includes an operational amplifier circuit AMP, resistors R6, R7, and R10, an N-channel MOSFET Q4, a P-channel MOSFET Q5, resistor R9, and diode D2. Resistors R6 and R7 are sampling resistors. One end of the operational amplifier circuit AMP is connected between resistors R6 and R7, and the other end of the operational amplifier circuit AMP is electrically connected to the N-channel MOSFET Q4. One end of resistor R9 is electrically connected to the P-channel MOSFET Q5, and the other end of resistor R9 is electrically connected to resistor R10. The P-channel MOSFET Q5 is connected in series with the diode D2.

[0014] Furthermore, the functional circuit includes a control chip U1 and an N-channel MOSFET Q3. The two ends of the control chip U1 are connected in parallel to the N-channel MOSFET Q3 to realize the unidirectional conduction function of a traditional diode. The current can only flow from the drain to the source of the N-channel MOSFET Q3. When the current is reversed, the control chip U1 controls the N-channel MOSFET Q3 to turn off.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] The power preprocessing circuit proposed in this invention mainly consists of a surge suppression circuit, a power sustaining circuit, and a power function circuit. The surge suppression circuit is designed based on the principle of voltage regulation and limiting output. By controlling the gate drive voltage of the limiting transistor, the limiting transistor can operate in different operating regions to achieve overvoltage surge limiting. The power sustaining circuit uses a boost circuit to charge the external energy storage capacitor and designs a discharge control circuit to achieve discharge sustaining function. The power function circuit provides a steady-state power loop for the power sustaining circuit. Through the organic combination of these three circuits, functional integration is achieved. Compared with traditional discrete products, the size is reduced, while the power loop loss is significantly reduced and the efficiency is effectively improved. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the power preprocessing circuit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To more clearly and completely illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Please refer to Figure 1 The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0020] This invention proposes a power preprocessing circuit, the power preprocessing circuit comprising:

[0021] A surge suppression circuit, which is used to implement overvoltage surge limiting function;

[0022] A power sustaining circuit, which is electrically connected to the surge suppression circuit, is capable of maintaining power supply during power outages.

[0023] A functional circuit is connected to the power supply sustaining circuit, and the functional circuit provides a power loop for the power supply sustaining circuit during steady-state input.

[0024] Furthermore, the surge suppression circuit includes a boost circuit Boost1, a control circuit Control, resistors R1 and R4, a Zener diode D1, and an N-channel MOSFET Q1. The boost circuit Boost1, the control circuit Control, and the resistor R4 are connected in series. One end of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the resistor R4, and the other end of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the control circuit Control. One end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the boost circuit Boost1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded. One end of the Zener diode D1 is electrically connected to the N-channel MOSFET Q1, and the other end of the Zener diode D1 is electrically connected to the resistor R1.

[0025] In this embodiment, the surge suppression circuit mainly consists of the boost circuit Boost1, the control circuit Control, the resistor R1, the resistor R4, the Zener diode D1, and the N-channel MOSFET Q1. The boost circuit Boost1 and the control circuit Control are common existing circuits. The boost circuit Boost1 supplies power to the control circuit Control, driving the N-channel MOSFET Q1 to the high end. Resistor R1 is the floating ground resistor of Boost1. When an 80V surge occurs at VIN, excess voltage is applied across resistor R1 to protect Boost1 from overvoltage damage. The N-channel MOSFET Q1 is a limiting transistor, providing the main power circuit. During overvoltage surges or transient spikes, the control circuit Control keeps the N-channel MOSFET Q1 in the saturation region, converting excess energy into heat to dissipate and suppressing overvoltage surges. Resistor R4 and Zener diode D1 form a voltage regulator circuit, determining the output voltage value when an overvoltage surge occurs. The output voltage value is the Zener voltage of Zener diode D1 minus the turn-off threshold voltage of the N-channel MOSFET Q1.

[0026] Furthermore, the power sustaining circuit includes a boost circuit Boost2, an operational amplifier circuit AMP, resistors R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10, an N-channel MOSFET Q4, a P-channel MOSFET Q5, a capacitor C1, and a diode D2. Resistors R6 and R7 are sampling resistors, resistor R8 is a current-limiting resistor, and capacitor C1 is an energy storage capacitor. One end of the boost circuit Boost2 is electrically connected to the N-channel MOSFET Q1, and the other end of the boost circuit Boost2 is electrically connected to the resistor R8. One end of the operational amplifier circuit AMP is connected between resistors R6 and R7, and the other end of the operational amplifier circuit AMP is electrically connected to the N-channel MOSFET Q4. One end of resistor R9 is electrically connected to the P-channel MOSFET Q5, and the other end of resistor R9 is electrically connected to the resistor R10. The P-channel MOSFET Q5 is connected in series with the diode D2.

[0027] In this embodiment, capacitor C1 is a large-capacity energy storage capacitor, generally connected externally. The boost circuit Boost2 is a common existing boost circuit. Boost2 boosts the input voltage to a set value to charge capacitor C1. Resistor R8 limits the charging current to prevent large inrush current. Resistors R6 and R7 sample the output voltage of the surge suppression circuit, divide it, and amplify the error with the operational amplifier circuit AMP. The operational amplifier circuit AMP controls the switching of the N-channel MOSFET Q4. The P-channel MOSFET Q5 and resistors R9 and R10 form a discharge switch circuit, controlled by the N-channel MOSFET Q4. Diode D2 prevents current from flowing back to capacitor C1 from the VOUT terminal. In steady state, the operational amplifier circuit AMP outputs a low level, the N-channel MOSFET Q4 is turned off, and consequently the P-channel MOSFET Q5 remains off, and the capacitor C1 does not discharge. When a power outage or undervoltage occurs, the operational amplifier circuit AMP outputs a high level, the N-channel MOSFET Q4 is turned on, and consequently the P-channel MOSFET Q5 is self-driven to turn on. The capacitor C1 discharges to the VOUT terminal through the P-channel MOSFET Q5 and the diode D2, thereby achieving the power interruption maintenance function.

[0028] Furthermore, the functional circuit includes a control chip U1 and an N-channel MOSFET Q3. The two ends of the control chip U1 are connected in parallel to the N-channel MOSFET Q3 to realize the unidirectional conduction function of a traditional diode. The current can only flow from the drain to the source of the N-channel MOSFET Q3. When the current is reversed, the control chip U1 controls the N-channel MOSFET Q3 to turn off.

[0029] In this embodiment, the functional circuit provides a power loop for the power sustaining circuit during steady-state input, supplying power to the VOUT terminal. The functional circuit mainly consists of the control chip U1 and the N-channel MOSFET Q3, realizing the unidirectional conduction function of a traditional diode. Current can only flow from the drain to the source of the N-channel MOSFET Q3. When the current reverses, the control chip U1 controls the N-channel MOSFET Q3 to turn off. Because the on-resistance of the N-channel MOSFET Q3 is extremely low after it is turned on, the power circuit losses and temperature rise can be greatly reduced, improving the overall circuit efficiency, especially in high-current applications.

[0030] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Based on this embodiment, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply preprocessing circuit, characterized in that, The power preprocessing circuit includes: A surge suppression circuit, which is used to implement overvoltage surge limiting function; A power sustaining circuit, which is electrically connected to the surge suppression circuit, is capable of maintaining power supply during power outages. A functional circuit electrically connected to the power supply sustaining circuit provides a power loop for the power supply sustaining circuit during steady-state input. The surge suppression circuit includes a boost circuit Boost1, a control circuit Control, a resistor R4, and an N-channel MOSFET Q1. The boost circuit Boost1, the control circuit Control, and the resistor R4 are connected in series. One end of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the resistor R4, and the other end of the N-channel MOSFET Q1 is electrically connected to the control circuit Control. The functional circuit includes a control chip U1 and an N-channel MOSFET Q3. The two ends of the control chip U1 are connected in parallel to the N-channel MOSFET Q3 to realize the unidirectional conduction function of a traditional diode. The current can only flow from the drain to the source of the N-channel MOSFET Q3. When the current is reversed, the control chip U1 controls the N-channel MOSFET Q3 to turn off. The surge suppression circuit also includes a resistor R1 and a Zener diode D1. One end of the resistor R1 is electrically connected to the boost circuit Boost1, and the other end of the resistor R1 is grounded. One end of the Zener diode D1 is electrically connected to the N-channel MOSFET Q1, and the other end of the Zener diode D1 is electrically connected to the resistor R1. The power sustaining circuit includes a boost circuit Boost2, a resistor R8, and a capacitor C1; the power sustaining circuit also includes an operational amplifier circuit AMP, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a resistor R10, an N-channel MOSFET Q4, a P-channel MOSFET Q5, a resistor R9, and a diode D2. In steady state, the operational amplifier circuit AMP outputs a low level, the N-channel MOSFET Q4 is turned off, and consequently the P-channel MOSFET Q5 remains off, and the capacitor C1 does not discharge. When a power outage or undervoltage occurs, the operational amplifier circuit AMP outputs a high level, the N-channel MOSFET Q4 is turned on, and consequently the P-channel MOSFET Q5 is self-driven to turn on. The capacitor C1 discharges to the VOUT terminal through the P-channel MOSFET Q5 and the diode D2, thereby achieving the power interruption maintenance function.

2. The power preprocessing circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resistor R8 is a current-limiting resistor, the capacitor C1 is an energy storage capacitor, one end of the boost circuit Boost2 is electrically connected to the N-channel MOSFET Q1, the other end of the boost circuit Boost2 is electrically connected to the resistor R8, and the capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the end of the resistor R8 away from the boost circuit Boost2.

3. The power preprocessing circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The resistors R6 and R7 are sampling resistors. One end of the operational amplifier circuit AMP is connected between the resistors R6 and R7, and the other end of the operational amplifier circuit AMP is electrically connected to the N-channel MOSFET Q4. One end of the resistor R9 is electrically connected to the P-channel MOSFET Q5, and the other end of the resistor R9 is electrically connected to the resistor R10. The P-channel MOSFET Q5 is connected in series with the diode D2.

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