A drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective features

Abstract

This invention discloses a drill bit with protective function for breaking hard rock formations, belonging to the field of drill bit technology. It includes a drill shank connected to a breaking structure for breaking hard rock formations. The breaking structure is connected to a disassembly and assembly structure for disassembling and replacing the breaking structure. The drill shank is connected to a transmission structure for transmitting power to the breaking structure. The disassembly and assembly structure includes a first bolt. The fixing block of the transmission structure has multiple abutment grooves. The first bolt abuts against the fixing block through the abutment grooves. The abutment between the abutment grooves and the fixing block fixes the drill bit body to the fixing block, facilitating the replacement of different drill bits for different types of rock formations, thereby meeting the breaking requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drill bit technology, specifically a drill bit for breaking hard rock formations with protective functions. Background Technology

[0002] A drill bit is a commonly used drilling tool, usually made of metal. The materials and shapes of drill bits vary depending on their purpose. When exploring and breaking rocks, special rock-breaking drill bits are needed. In order to protect the drill bit when breaking rocks, a hard rock strata breaking drill bit with protective function is needed.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent CN2016211994161 discloses a drill bit for drilling into fault-fractured rock and soil, including a drill bit body, which is a cylindrical tube. The lower end of the drill bit body has several cutting teeth. A top plate, which is circular, is bolted to the upper end of the drill bit body. A clamping connector is fixedly connected to the center of the upper end of the top plate. The clamping connector is vertically positioned and has a through hole at its upper end, which penetrates the clamping connector and the top plate sequentially from top to bottom. A push plate is provided inside the upper part of the drill bit body. However, since the drill shank and drill bit body are fixed, when the rock hardness exceeds the drill bit's tolerance range, the drill bit protection is poor, the drill bit is easily damaged, and the drill bit body cannot be disassembled, making maintenance and replacement inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a drill bit with protective features for breaking hard rock formations is provided, allowing for the replacement of different drill bit bodies for different types of rock formations, thereby meeting the breaking requirements.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows.

[0006] A drill bit for breaking hard rock formations with protective function includes a drill shank, the drill shank being connected to a breaking structure for breaking hard rock formations, the breaking structure being connected to a disassembly and assembly structure for disassembling and replacing the breaking structure, and the drill shank being connected to a transmission structure for transmitting power to the breaking structure; the disassembly and assembly structure includes a first bolt, and the fixing block of the transmission structure is provided with multiple abutment grooves, the first bolt abutting against the fixing block through the abutment grooves.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention includes a control structure mounted on the drill shank for protecting the breakage structure. The control structure includes a slider disposed inside the drill shank, and two pairs of second sliding grooves are provided inside the drill shank. The slider is slidably connected to the drill shank through the second sliding grooves. A second slip ring is also slidably connected inside the drill shank through the second sliding grooves. A spring is fixedly connected between the second slip ring and the slider. A second bearing is fixedly connected inside the second slip ring. The inner ring of the second bearing is connected to the transmission structure.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the diameter of the spring is greater than the diameter of the outer ring of the second bearing, and the length of the second groove is greater than the distance between the second slip ring and the slider.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the crushing structure includes a drill bit body, which is disposed at the top end of the drill shank; a plurality of cutting edges are fixedly connected to the top end of the drill bit body, and a plurality of diamond composite sheets are fixedly connected to the cutting edges, the diamond composite sheets are circular in shape, and the plurality of diamond composite sheets are arranged in an arc shape.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the transmission structure further includes a push rod, which is fixedly disposed inside the fixed block; one end of the drill shank is provided with two pairs of first sliding grooves, and the drill shank is slidably connected to a first sliding ring through the first sliding grooves; a first bearing is fixedly connected inside the first sliding ring; the inner ring of the first bearing is fixedly connected to the push rod; an internal gear is fixedly connected inside the drill shank; an external gear is fixedly connected to the drill shank; the internal gear and the external gear mesh; one end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the second bearing; a retaining ring is fixedly connected to one end of the push rod; the retaining ring abuts against the inner ring of the second bearing; a fixing groove is provided on the drill bit body; and the fixed block is sleeved with the drill bit body through the fixing groove.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the fixing block is in the shape of a quadrangular prism, and the fixing groove is in the shape of a quadrangular prism.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the length of the first groove is greater than the length of the internal gear, and the thickness of the internal gear is greater than the thickness of the external gear.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that both the first slip ring and the second slip ring are ring-shaped, and both the first slip ring and the second slip ring have two pairs of protrusions arranged in a cross shape fixedly connected to their outer surfaces.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention includes a control structure, wherein the limiting structure includes a second bolt, the second bolt is disposed on both sides of the drill shank, the second bolt is threadedly connected to a limiting block, the drill shank is provided with a pair of placement grooves, the limiting block is slidably connected to the drill shank through the placement grooves, and one end of the limiting block and the outer ring of the second bearing abut against each other.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is a drill bit for breaking hard rock formations with protective function, characterized in that it further includes an adjustment structure, the adjustment structure including an adjustment groove, the adjustment groove being disposed at the bottom end of the drill shank, the drill shank being connected to an adjustment nut through the adjustment groove, the adjustment nut being threadedly connected to the drill shank, the top end of the adjustment nut abutting against the bottom end of the slider, and a marker rod being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment groove on the drill shank.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows.

[0017] 1. The present invention provides a drill bit for breaking hard rock formations with protective function, comprising a drill shank, a breaking structure for breaking hard rock formations connected to the drill shank, and a disassembly and assembly structure for disassembling and replacing the breaking structure. The breaking structure can break hard rock formations, and the disassembly and assembly structure facilitates the replacement of the breaking structure. Specifically, the drill bit body is installed on the drill shank, the drill bit body is connected to a fixing block through a fixing groove, and the first bolt on the drill bit body is tightened. The first bolt will move towards the fixing block and abut against the fixing block through the abutment groove, thereby firmly fixing the drill bit body to the fixing block. This facilitates the replacement of different drill bits for different types of rock formations to meet the breaking requirements. The rotation of the drill bit body drives the diamond composite blade on the cutting edge to rotate. The diamond composite blade abuts against the rock, thereby breaking and drilling the rock.

[0018] 2. The present invention provides a drill bit for breaking hard rock formations with protective functions. The drill shank is connected to a transmission structure for transmitting power to the breaking structure. A control structure for protecting the breaking structure is installed on the drill shank. A limiting structure for limiting the control structure is also connected to the drill shank. The transmission structure facilitates driving the breaking structure, the control structure protects the breaking structure from damage, and the limiting structure restricts the working state of the control structure. That is, by fixing the drill shank to the drilling rig, rock breaking and drilling can be performed, and the drilling rig will drive... As the drill shank rotates, it drives the external gear via the internal gear, which in turn drives the push rod to rotate, thus rotating the fixed block. This facilitates the supply of power to the drill bit body. Different depths of rock formations have different structures and varying degrees of hardness, meaning a single drill bit cannot meet all requirements. When the hardness of the rock exceeds the hardness that the diamond composite blades on the drill bit's cutting edge can withstand, the rock cannot be further broken up, preventing the drill bit from advancing. Even then, the drilling rig continues to provide thrust to the drill bit, forcing the drill bit body to push the fixed block inwards, causing the push rod to move inwards as well. When the thrust reaches... When the pressure set by the spring is reached, the first bearing will slide along the first groove under the action of the first slip ring, thereby causing the external gear and internal gear to disengage. With the cooperation of the retaining ring and the second bearing, the second slip ring will slide inside the second groove, thus compressing the spring. At this point, the external gear has disengaged from the internal gear, and the drill shank rotates. It will no longer be able to drive the fixed block to rotate, thus causing the drill shank to rotate with the drilling rig. The fixed block and drill bit body will no longer rotate, thus protecting the cutting edges and diamond composite plates on the drill bit body from damage under strong thrust. This stops the drilling rig's advance. Rotate the drill shank until it stops rotating, then pull out the drill bit. At this point, the drill bit will no longer be under pressure, and the spring will push the second slip ring to reset, which in turn pushes the push rod to reset. The internal and external gears will mesh again, facilitating the next operation. The drill bit body can then be replaced. When drill bit protection is not required, the second bolt can be rotated, causing the threaded limit block to move along the placement groove. The limit block will extend into the second slip groove and abut against the bottom of the second slip ring, thus preventing the movement of the second slip ring and limiting the movement of the push rod. When the drill bit body comes into contact with harder rock, it will be unable to be protected.

[0019] 3. The present invention provides a drill bit for breaking hard rock formations with protective function. The drill shank is connected to an adjustment structure for adjusting the pressure it can withstand. The protective pressure of the control structure can be adjusted through the adjustment structure. That is, after the drill bit body is installed, the pressure of the drill bit needs to be adjusted according to the rock hardness that the diamond composite plate and the cutting edge on the drill bit body can withstand. By rotating the adjusting nut, the adjusting nut will move inside the adjusting groove, thereby compressing or releasing the spring. The pressure can be precisely adjusted according to the gauge, thereby protecting the drill bit. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective function according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the drill shank and the crushing structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an enlarged view of part A.

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an enlarged view of section B.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the drill shank and the fixing block of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first slip ring of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the second slip ring of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the slider of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the standard rod of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Drill shank; 2. Crushing structure; 201. Diamond composite sheet; 202. Cutting edge; 203. Drill body; 3. Assembly / disassembly structure; 301. First bolt; 302. Contact groove; 4. Limiting structure; 401. Second bolt; 402. Limiting block; 403. Placement groove; 5. Adjusting structure; 501. Adjusting nut; 502. Adjusting groove; 503. Marker; 6. Transmission structure; 601. Fixing block; 602. Fixing groove; 603. First slip ring; 604. First sliding groove; 605. First bearing; 606. Internal gear; 607. External gear; 608. Push rod; 609. Retaining ring; 7. Control structure; 701. Slider; 702. Second sliding groove; 703. Second slip ring; 704. Second bearing; 705. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention discloses a drill bit for breaking hard rock formations with protective function, comprising a drill shank 1, a breaking structure 2 for breaking hard rock formations connected to the drill shank 1, a disassembly and assembly structure 3 for disassembling and replacing the breaking structure 2 connected to the breaking structure 2, a transmission structure 6 for transmitting power to the breaking structure 2 connected to the drill shank 1, a control structure 7 for protecting the breaking structure 2 installed on the drill shank 1, a limiting structure 4 for limiting the control structure 7 connected to the drill shank 1, and an adjustment structure 5 for adjusting the pressure it can withstand.

[0033] The crushing structure 2 includes a diamond composite sheet 201, a cutting edge 202, and a drill body 203; the disassembly and assembly structure 3 includes a first bolt 301 and an abutment groove 302; the limiting structure 4 includes a second bolt 401, a limiting block 402, and a placement groove 403; the adjusting structure 5 includes an adjusting nut 501, an adjusting groove 502, and a marker rod 503; the transmission structure 6 includes a fixing block 601, a fixing groove 602, a first slip ring 603, a first sliding groove 604, a first bearing 605, an internal gear 606, an external gear 607, a push rod 608, and a retaining ring 609; and the control structure 7 includes a slider 701, a second sliding groove 702, a second slip ring 703, a second bearing 704, and a spring 705.

[0034] Specifically, the control structure 7 includes a slider 701, which is provided inside the drill shank 1. The drill shank 1 has two pairs of second sliding grooves 702 inside, and the slider 701 is slidably connected to the drill shank 1 via the second sliding grooves 702. A second slip ring 703 is also slidably connected inside the drill shank 1 via the second sliding grooves 702. A spring 705 is fixedly connected between the second slip ring 703 and the slider 701. A second bearing 704 is fixedly connected inside the second slip ring 703. The inner ring of the second bearing 704 is connected to the transmission structure 6. The diameter of spring 705 is larger than the diameter of the outer ring of the second bearing 704, and the length of the second sliding groove 702 is greater than the distance between the second slip ring 703 and the slider 701. Different rock formations at different depths have different structures and varying degrees of hardness, and a single drill bit cannot meet the requirements. When the hardness of the rock exceeds the hardness that the diamond composite sheet 201 on the drill bit's cutting edge 202 can withstand, the rock cannot be further broken, thus preventing the drill bit from advancing. At this time, the drilling rig continues to provide thrust to the drill bit, thereby forcing the drill bit body 203 to push the fixing block 601 into the drill shank 1. The spring 705 moves the push rod 608 into the drill shank 1. When the thrust reaches the pressure set by the spring 705, the first bearing 605 slides along the first groove 604 under the action of the first slip ring 603, thereby disengaging the external gear 607 and the internal gear 606. Under the cooperation of the retaining ring 609 and the second bearing 704, the second slip ring 703 slides inside the second groove 702, thereby compressing the spring 705. At this time, the external gear 607 has disengaged from the internal gear 606, and the drill shank 1 rotates. It will no longer be able to drive the fixed block 601 to rotate, thus preventing the drill from rotating. The shank 1 rotates with the drill rig, while the fixed block 601 and the drill bit body 203 will stop rotating, thus protecting the cutting edge 202 and diamond composite plate 201 on the drill bit body 203 from damage under strong thrust. This stops the drill rig's advance and rotation. Once the shank 1 stops rotating, the drill bit can be pulled out. At this point, the drill bit will no longer be under pressure, and the spring 705 will push the second slip ring 703 to reset, pushing the push rod 608 to reset. The internal gear 606 and the external gear 607 will re-engage, facilitating the next operation. At this point, the drill bit body 203 can be replaced.

[0035] Specifically, the crushing structure 2 includes a drill bit body 203. The drill bit body 203 is located at the top of the drill shank 1. Multiple cutting edges 202 are fixedly connected to the top of the drill bit body 203. Multiple diamond composite plates 201 are fixedly connected to the cutting edges 202. The diamond composite plates 201 are circular in shape and arranged in an arc. When the drill bit body 203 rotates, it drives the diamond composite plates 201 on the cutting edges 202 to rotate. The diamond composite plates 201 come into contact with the rock, thereby crushing and drilling the rock.

[0036] Specifically, the transmission structure 6 includes a fixed block 601, which is rotatably connected to the drill shank 1. A push rod 608 is fixedly connected inside the fixed block 601. Two pairs of first sliding grooves 604 are provided at one end of the drill shank 1. A first slip ring 603 is slidably connected to the drill shank 1 through the first sliding grooves 604. A first bearing 605 is fixedly connected inside the first slip ring 603. The inner ring of the first bearing 605 is fixedly connected to the push rod 608. An internal gear 606 and an external gear 607 are fixedly connected inside the drill shank 1, and the internal gear 606 and external gear 607 mesh. One end of the push rod 608 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the second bearing 704. A retaining ring 609 is fixedly connected to one end of the push rod 608, and the retaining ring 609 abuts against the inner ring of the second bearing 704. The drill bit body 203 is provided with a fixing groove 602. The fixing block 601 is sleeved with the drill bit body 203 through the fixing groove 602. The fixing block 601 is in the shape of a quadrangular prism, and the fixing groove 602 is in the shape of a quadrangular prism. The length of the first sliding groove 604 is greater than the length of the internal gear 606, and the thickness of the internal gear 606 is greater than the thickness of the external gear 607. The first slip ring 603 and the second slip ring 703 are both ring-shaped. The outside of the first slip ring 603 and the second slip ring 703 are fixedly connected with two pairs of protrusions distributed in a "+" shape. When the drill shank 1 is fixed to the drilling machine, it can break and drill holes in the rock. The drilling machine will drive the drill shank 1 to rotate. The drill shank 1 will drive the external gear 607 to move through the internal gear 606, thereby driving the push rod 608 to rotate, thereby driving the fixing block 601 to rotate, thus facilitating the provision of power to the drill bit body 203.

[0037] Specifically, the disassembly and assembly structure 3 includes a first bolt 301. Multiple first bolts 301 are threaded onto the drill bit body 203. Multiple abutment grooves 302 are provided on the fixing block 601. The first bolts 301 abut against the fixing block 601 through the abutment grooves 302. The drill bit body 203 is installed onto the drill shank 1. The drill bit body 203 is fitted onto the fixing block 601 through the fixing grooves 602. The first bolts 301 on the drill bit body 203 are tightened. The first bolts 301 will move towards the fixing block 601 and abut against the fixing block 601 through the abutment grooves 302, thereby firmly fixing the drill bit body 203 onto the fixing block 601. This facilitates the replacement of different drill bits 203 for different types of rock formations, thereby meeting the crushing requirements.

[0038] Specifically, the limiting structure 4 includes a second bolt 401, which is rotatably connected to both sides of the drill shank 1. The second bolt 401 is threadedly connected to a limiting block 402. The drill shank 1 is provided with a pair of placement grooves 403. The limiting block 402 is slidably connected to the drill shank 1 through the placement grooves 403. One end of the limiting block 402 abuts against the outer ring of the second bearing 704. When the drill bit does not need protection, the second bolt 401 can be rotated to drive the limiting block 402 along the placement groove 403. The limiting block 402 will extend into the second sliding groove 702 and abut against the bottom of the second slip ring 703, thereby preventing the movement of the second slip ring 703 and thus limiting the movement of the push rod 608. When the drill bit body 203 comes into contact with harder rock, it will be unable to be protected.

[0039] Specifically, the adjustment structure 5 includes an adjustment groove 502. The bottom end of the drill shank 1 is provided with the adjustment groove 502. The drill shank 1 is connected to an adjustment nut 501 through the adjustment groove 502. The adjustment nut 501 and the drill shank 1 are threadedly connected. The top end of the adjustment nut 501 abuts against the bottom end of the slider 701. A marker 503 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment groove 502 on the drill shank 1. After the drill body 203 is installed, the pressure bearing capacity of the drill bit needs to be adjusted according to the rock hardness that the diamond composite plate 201 and the cutting edge 202 on the drill body 203 can withstand. By rotating the adjustment nut 501, the adjustment nut 501 will move inside the adjustment groove 502, thereby compressing or releasing the spring 705. The pressure bearing capacity can be precisely adjusted according to the marker 503, thereby protecting the drill bit.

[0040] In use, the present invention firstly involves installing the drill bit body 203 onto the drill shank 1, then fitting the drill bit body 203 onto the fixing block 601 via the fixing groove 602. Tightening the first bolt 301 on the drill bit body 203 causes the first bolt 301 to move towards the fixing block 601 and abut against the fixing block 601 via the contact groove 302, thus firmly fixing the drill bit body 203 to the fixing block 601. This facilitates the replacement of different drill bits 203 for different types of rock formations, thereby meeting the breaking requirements. After the drill bit body 203 is installed, the pressure bearing capacity of the drill bit needs to be adjusted according to the rock hardness that the diamond composite plate 201 and the cutting edge 202 on the drill bit body 203 can withstand. Rotating the adjusting nut 501 will adjust the pressure bearing capacity of the drill bit. The internal movement of the groove 502 compresses or releases the spring 705. The pressure can be precisely adjusted according to the gauge 503, thus protecting the drill bit. Once the drill shank 1 is fixed to the drilling rig, it can break rocks and drill holes. The drilling rig drives the drill shank 1 to rotate, which in turn drives the external gear 607 via the internal gear 606, thereby driving the push rod 608 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the fixed block 601 to rotate, providing power to the drill bit body 203. The rotation of the drill bit body 203 drives the diamond composite plate 201 on the cutting edge 202 to rotate. The diamond composite plate 201 contacts the rock, breaking it and drilling holes. Different rock formations at different depths have different structures and varying degrees of hardness; a single drill bit cannot meet all requirements. When the hardness of the rock layer exceeds the hardness that the diamond composite sheet 201 on the drill bit cutting edge 202 can withstand, the rock layer will no longer be able to be broken, thus preventing the drill bit from advancing. At this time, the drilling machine is still providing thrust to the drill bit, thereby forcing the drill bit body 203 to push the fixed block 601 into the drill shank 1, causing the push rod 608 to move into the drill shank 1. When the thrust reaches the pressure set by the spring 705, the first bearing 605 will slide along the first sliding groove 604 under the action of the first slip ring 603, thereby causing the external gear 607 and the internal gear 606 to disengage. Under the cooperation of the retaining ring 609 and the second bearing 704, the second slip ring 703 will slide inside the second sliding groove 702, thereby compressing the spring 705. At this time, the external gear 607... Having disengaged from the internal gear 606, the drill shank 1 rotates but cannot drive the fixed block 601 to rotate, thus preventing the drill shank 1 from rotating with the drilling rig. The fixed block 601 and drill body 203 will no longer rotate, protecting the cutting edge 202 and diamond composite plate 201 on the drill body 203 from damage under strong thrust. This stops the drilling rig's advance and rotation. Once the drill shank 1 stops rotating, the drill bit can be pulled out. At this point, the drill bit is no longer under pressure, and the spring 705 pushes the second slip ring 703 to reset, pushing the push rod 608 to reset. The internal gear 606 and external gear 607 re-engage, facilitating the next operation. The drill body 203 can then be replaced. When drill bit protection is no longer needed, the second bolt 401 can be rotated.The second bolt 401 drives the limiting block 402 to move along the placement groove 403. The limiting block 402 extends into the second sliding groove 702 and abuts against the bottom of the second slip ring 703, thereby preventing the movement of the second slip ring 703 and thus limiting the movement of the push rod 608. When the drill bit body 203 comes into contact with harder rock, it will be unable to provide protection.

[0041] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0042] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective functions, characterized in that, The system includes a drill shank (1), which is connected to a breaking structure (2) for breaking hard rock formations. The breaking structure (2) is connected to a disassembly and assembly structure (3) for disassembling and replacing the breaking structure (2). The drill shank (1) is connected to a transmission structure (6) for transmitting power to the breaking structure (2). The disassembly and assembly structure (3) includes a first bolt (301). The fixing block (601) of the transmission structure (6) is provided with multiple abutment grooves (302). The first bolt (301) abuts against the fixing block (601) through the abutment grooves (302). The crushing structure (2) includes a drill bit body (203), which is disposed at the top end of the drill shank (1); a plurality of cutting edges (202) are fixedly connected to the top end of the drill bit body (203), and a plurality of diamond composite sheets (201) are fixedly connected to the cutting edges (202), the diamond composite sheets (201) are circular in shape, and the plurality of diamond composite sheets (201) are arranged in an arc shape; The transmission structure (6) further includes a push rod (608), which is fixedly disposed inside the fixed block (601); the drill shank (1) has two pairs of first sliding grooves (604) at one end, and the drill shank (1) is slidably connected to a first slip ring (603) through the first sliding grooves (604). A first bearing (605) is fixedly connected inside the first slip ring (603), and the inner ring of the first bearing (605) is fixedly connected to the push rod (608). An internal gear (608) is fixedly connected inside the drill shank (1). 6) The push rod (608) is fixedly connected to an external gear (607), the internal gear (606) and the external gear (607) mesh, one end of the push rod (608) is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the second bearing (704), one end of the push rod (608) is fixedly connected to a retaining ring (609), the retaining ring (609) abuts against the inner ring of the second bearing (704), the drill bit body (203) is provided with a fixing groove (602), and the fixing block (601) is sleeved with the drill bit body (203) through the fixing groove (602).

2. The drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control structure (7), which is installed on the drill shank (1) to protect the broken structure (2); the control structure (7) includes a slider (701) disposed inside the drill shank (1), the drill shank (1) is provided with two pairs of second sliding grooves (702), the slider (701) is slidably connected to the drill shank (1) through the second sliding grooves (702), the drill shank (1) is also slidably connected to a second slip ring (703) through the second sliding grooves (702), a spring (705) is fixedly connected between the second slip ring (703) and the slider (701), a second bearing (704) is fixedly connected inside the second slip ring (703), and the inner ring of the second bearing (704) is connected to the transmission structure (6).

3. The drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the spring (705) is greater than the diameter of the outer ring of the second bearing (704), and the length of the second groove (702) is greater than the distance between the second slip ring (703) and the slider (701).

4. The drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing block (601) is in the shape of a quadrangular prism, and the fixing groove (602) is in the shape of a quadrangular prism.

5. The drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the first groove (604) is greater than the length of the internal gear (606), and the thickness of the internal gear (606) is greater than the thickness of the external gear (607).

6. The drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first slip ring (603) and the second slip ring (703) are both ring-shaped, and the outside of the first slip ring (603) and the second slip ring (703) are fixedly connected with two pairs of protrusions distributed in a "+" shape.

7. The drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective function according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting structure (4), which includes a second bolt (401) and is disposed on both sides of the drill shank (1). The second bolt (401) is threadedly connected to a limiting block (402). The drill shank (1) is provided with a pair of placement grooves (403). The limiting block (402) is slidably connected to the drill shank (1) through the placement grooves (403). One end of the limiting block (402) and the outer ring of the second slip ring (703) abut against each other.

8. The drill bit for breaking up hard rock formations with protective function according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an adjustment structure (5), which includes an adjustment groove (502). The adjustment groove (502) is located at the bottom end of the drill shank (1). The drill shank (1) is connected to an adjustment nut (501) through the adjustment groove (502). The adjustment nut (501) and the drill shank (1) are threadedly connected. The top end of the adjustment nut (501) abuts against the bottom end of the slider (701). The drill shank (1) is fixedly connected to a marker rod (503) on the inner wall of the adjustment groove (502).

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