Burner, burner module comprising same, burner assembly and heating device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a burner, in which at least one first passage (21) and at least one second passage (31) are formed, said at least one first passage (21) and at least one second passage (31) being arranged such that a first fluid from an outlet (23) of the at least one first passage (21) and a second fluid from an outlet (33) of the at least one second passage (31) mix with each other, and the at least one first passage (21) is configured to generate swirl of the first fluid in a first swirl direction, and / or the at least one second passage (31) is configured to generate swirl of the second fluid in a second swirl direction. The burner of the present invention has advantages in terms of making the flame more stable, avoiding the risk of explosion, improving the combustion performance when hydrogen is burned as fuel, avoiding the backfire of the burner, reducing the ablation to the burner, avoiding the clogging of the nozzle by the heated medium, monitoring the state of the burner, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a burner, an assembly including a burner, a module including a burner, and a heating device provided with a burner. Background Technology

[0002] CO2 emissions have become a widespread concern in the international community. It is one of the most important topics in society today. Efforts are underway to find solutions to reduce CO2 emissions. One major direction is to reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency to decrease CO2 emissions.

[0003] A burner is a device that converts oxidizer and fuel into heat energy through a chemical reaction. Heating devices (such as furnaces) use burners to heat the medium within them. Traditionally, heating methods employ flame radiation heating or indirect heating (where heat from the flame is transferred to the heated medium via a heat transfer medium), which are characterized by high heat emissions, low thermal efficiency, and high energy consumption. These problems are even more severe for high-temperature manufacturing processes such as glass melting.

[0004] Typically, glass is made from a mixture of raw materials such as silicates, basalt, limestone, soda ash, and other minor components. These raw materials are added to a glass furnace and melted into a liquid state at a temperature of approximately 1250°C to 1500°C; the melt is then subjected to shaping treatment. Depending on the intended use of the melt, such as glass for various applications or fibers for various applications, further melting and refining steps are performed before the shaping treatment. A conventional glass furnace includes a burner that generates a flame in the space between the surface of the molten glass and the top of the furnace, thereby transferring heat to the molten glass through the flame itself and radiation from the top material. A significant amount of energy is consumed during this heat transfer process.

[0005] Submerged combustion is also used in existing technologies for glass melting and other industries, such as metal and solid waste treatment (glass melting is used as an example below). In this method, the submerged burner is located below the surface of the glass raw material. Submerged burners can be installed on the side walls and / or bottom of the glass furnace, and some can also be installed on the top, but their nozzles are immersed in the molten glass. With submerged burners, the flame and combustion products from the combustion of fuel and oxidant pass through the molten glass and directly contact it. Therefore, the heat transfer effect is much more efficient than radiative heat transfer from the flame above the surface of the molten glass. This reduces heat transfer to the refractory materials in the glass furnace and heat loss in the flue gas, which reduces fuel consumption and thus lowers carbon dioxide emissions. Furthermore, because the temperature in the combustion chamber above the molten glass is lower, NOx emissions during combustion are also reduced. Furthermore, the high-velocity combustion products generated by the oxidant and fuel enter the glass melt, and the gas expansion during immersion combustion causes the glass raw material to melt rapidly and generate a large amount of turbulence. This makes it easier to achieve a uniform mixing effect in the molten glass, avoiding the need for mechanical stirrers in existing technologies, and improving the heat transfer between the hot and cold melts. Moreover, compared with traditional burners positioned above the glass melt, immersion burners are smaller, have higher production efficiency, and lower furnace installation costs.

[0006] However, submerged burners still face various challenges that need to be addressed. For example, how to achieve a more stable flame, prevent flameout, avoid burner backfire, reduce burner erosion, prevent explosions caused by fluid mixing, improve combustion performance when hydrogen is used as fuel, increase heat transfer efficiency, prevent nozzle clogging by the heated medium, and monitor the burner's status are all issues that require continuous attention during the design process of submerged burners. These are also issues that need to be addressed and resolved during the design process of non-submerged burners.

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve at least one aspect of the aforementioned problems and defects in the prior art, as well as other technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In a first aspect of the invention, a burner is provided having at least one first passage and at least one second passage formed therein, wherein the inlet of each first passage is fluidly connected to a supply port of a first fluid, and the inlet of each second passage is fluidly connected to a supply port of a second fluid, wherein the at least one first passage and the at least one second passage are arranged such that the first fluid from the outlet of the at least one first passage and the second fluid from the outlet of the at least one second passage mix with each other, wherein the at least one first passage is configured to cause the first fluid to swirl in a first swirling direction, and / or, the at least one second passage is configured to cause the second fluid to swirl in a second swirling direction.

[0009] In a second aspect of the invention, a burner according to the first aspect is disclosed, wherein the at least one first passage is configured to cause the first fluid to swirl in the first swirling direction, and the at least one second passage is configured to cause the second fluid to swirl in the second swirling direction, preferably, the first swirling direction is opposite to the second swirling direction.

[0010] In a third aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the first or second aspect is disclosed, wherein at least a portion of at least one of the first passages has a spiral groove with the spiral direction being the first swirl direction.

[0011] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the first to third aspects is disclosed, wherein at least a portion of at least one of the second passages has a spiral groove whose spiral direction is the second swirl direction.

[0012] In a fifth aspect of the invention, a burner according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is disclosed, wherein a mixing channel is formed within the burner, and the outlet of each of the first passages and the outlet of each of the second passages are fluidly connected to the mixing channel, such that the first fluid and the second fluid are mixed in the mixing channel and flow out through the outlet of the mixing channel.

[0013] In a sixth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the fifth aspect is disclosed, wherein the at least one first passage is a plurality of first passages, the plurality of first passages being positioned such that: a first fluid from the outlet of each first passage flows into the mixing channel in a tangential direction along the first swirling direction of the mixing channel.

[0014] In the seventh aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the sixth aspect is disclosed, wherein the second passage is one, which is aligned with the mixing channel upstream of the mixing channel, and at least a portion of the second passage has a spiral groove with a spiral direction opposite to the first swirling direction.

[0015] In the eighth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the sixth aspect is disclosed, wherein a plurality of second passages are formed, the plurality of second passages being positioned such that a second fluid from the outlet of each second passage flows into the mixing channel in a tangential direction along the second swirling direction, the second swirling direction being opposite to the first swirling direction.

[0016] In the ninth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the sixth to eighth aspects is disclosed, each of the first passages comprising:

[0017] The first portion extends parallel to the axis of the burner, starting from the inlet of the first passage; and

[0018] The second part extends obliquely from the first part toward the corresponding tangential direction of the mixing channel until the outlet of the first passage.

[0019] In a tenth aspect of the invention, a burner according to any one of the sixth to eighth aspects is disclosed, wherein each of the first passages extends obliquely from its inlet toward the corresponding tangential direction of the mixing channel until the outlet of the first passage.

[0020] In the eleventh aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the third or fourth aspect is disclosed, wherein each of the first passages includes:

[0021] The first portion extends parallel to the axis of the burner, starting from the inlet of the first passage; and

[0022] The second part extends obliquely from the first part toward the axis of the burner until the outlet of the first passage; wherein the extension of the axis of the first part intersects the axis of the burner.

[0023] In a twelfth aspect of the invention, a burner according to a third or fourth aspect is disclosed, wherein each of the first passages extends obliquely from its inlet toward the axis of the burner to the outlet of the first passage, wherein the extension of the axis of the first passage intersects the axis of the burner.

[0024] In the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the fifth to twelfth aspects is disclosed, wherein the at least one first passage is a plurality of first passages, and the outlets of the plurality of first passages converge into the mixing channel at different positions in the axial direction of the burner.

[0025] In the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the thirteenth aspect is disclosed, wherein the outlets of a plurality of first passages arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction in the same direction as the first swirl direction converge into the mixing channel at positions that are successively closer to the outlet of the mixing channel.

[0026] In the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the fifth to fourteenth aspects is disclosed, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the mixing channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space of the mixing channel.

[0027] In the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the fifth to fourteenth aspects is disclosed, wherein the burner includes a nozzle, wherein at least one through channel is formed within the nozzle in fluid communication with the outlet of the mixing channel.

[0028] In the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the sixteenth aspect is disclosed, wherein the through channel in the nozzle is a single through channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the through channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space of the mixing channel.

[0029] In the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the sixteenth aspect is disclosed, wherein there are multiple through channels in the nozzle, and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the outlets of the multiple through channels is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space of the mixing channel.

[0030] In the nineteenth aspect of the invention, a burner according to the eighteenth aspect is disclosed, wherein each of the through channels includes a first portion extending from its inlet in a direction away from the axis of the nozzle and a second portion extending from the first portion in a direction parallel to the axis of the nozzle to the outlet of the through channel.

[0031] In the twentieth aspect of the invention, a burner according to the eighteenth aspect is disclosed, wherein each of the through channels extends from its inlet to its outlet in a direction gradually away from the axis of the nozzle.

[0032] In the twenty-first aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the eighteenth to twentyth aspects is disclosed, wherein the plurality of through channels include an internal channel and an external channel, wherein each external outlet of the external channel is located outside each internal outlet of the internal channel in the radial direction of the nozzle; preferably, the orifice diameter of the internal outlet is smaller than the orifice diameter of the external outlet.

[0033] In the twenty-second aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the twenty-first aspect is disclosed, wherein the external outlets are evenly distributed on the same circumference, and / or the internal outlets are evenly distributed on the same circumference.

[0034] In the twenty-third aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the twenty-second aspect is disclosed, wherein the internal outlet and the external outlet are spaced apart in the circumferential direction; preferably, each internal outlet is located at the midpoint between the two external outlets adjacent to it in the circumferential direction.

[0035] In the twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the first to twenty-third aspects is disclosed, the burner comprising:

[0036] A first fluid guide, wherein at least one first passage is formed within the first fluid guide; and

[0037] A second fluid guide, wherein at least one second passage is formed within the second fluid guide;

[0038] The mixing channel is disposed within the first fluid guide or the second fluid guide.

[0039] In the twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the twenty-fourth aspect is disclosed, wherein the mixing channel is formed in the first fluid guide and the outlet end of the second fluid guide is disposed within the first fluid guide, so that the outlets (33) of the plurality of second passages are all fluidly connected to the mixing channel.

[0040] In the twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is disclosed, the burner comprising:

[0041] A first fluid guide, wherein at least one first passage is formed within the first fluid guide; and

[0042] A second fluid guide, wherein at least one second passage is formed within the second fluid guide; wherein the outlet end of the second fluid guide is movably disposed within the first fluid guide.

[0043] In the twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the twenty-fourth to twenty-fifth aspects is disclosed, the burner further comprising a separate body, the nozzle being connected to the body, and wherein the nozzle, the first fluid guide, and the second fluid guide are all separate components.

[0044] In the twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the sixteenth to twenty-fifth aspects is disclosed, wherein the nozzle and the body of the burner are formed as an integral part, and a first cooling medium channel is integrated in the integral part, preferably, the first cooling medium channel extends to the through channel of the nozzle.

[0045] In the twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the eighteenth to twenty-third aspects is disclosed, wherein the equivalent diameter of the outlet of each of the through channels ranges from 0.3 mm to 10 mm, preferably from 0.8 mm to 6 mm, more preferably from 1 mm to 5 mm, and even more preferably from 1.5 mm to 4 mm.

[0046] In the thirtieth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the sixteenth to twenty-ninth aspects is disclosed, wherein the through channel is designed such that the flow velocity of the fluid mixture at the outlet of the through channel is greater than the propagation velocity of the flame generated by the combustion of the fluid mixture.

[0047] In the thirty-first aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the fifth to thirtieth aspects is disclosed, wherein the mixing channel is designed such that the flow velocity of the fluid mixture in the mixing channel is greater than the propagation velocity of the flame generated by the combustion of the fluid mixture, preferably, the mixing channel is designed such that the flow velocity of the fluid mixture in the mixing channel is more than 15 times the propagation velocity of the flame generated by the combustion of the fluid mixture.

[0048] In the thirty-second aspect of the present invention, a burner according to the thirty-first aspect is disclosed, wherein the first passage and the second passage are designed such that the flow rate of the first fluid in the first passage and the flow rate of the second fluid in the second passage are both greater than the flow rate of the fluid mixture in the mixing channel, preferably, the flow rate of the second fluid in the second passage is greater than the flow rate of the first fluid in the first passage.

[0049] In the thirty-third aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the first to thirty-second aspects is disclosed, the burner further comprising a monitoring system, wherein the monitoring system includes sensors for monitoring the combustion state of the burner, the sensors including, for example, a monitor for monitoring the flame, such as an ultraviolet monitor; and / or a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the burner.

[0050] In the thirty-fourth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the first to thirty-third aspects is disclosed, wherein in the first fluid and the second fluid, one is an oxidant and the other is a fuel, preferably, the fuel is hydrogen.

[0051] In the thirty-fifth aspect of the present invention, a burner according to any one of the first to thirty-fourth aspects is disclosed, wherein the burner is a submerged burner.

[0052] In the thirty-sixth aspect of the present invention, a burner assembly is disclosed, comprising:

[0053] The burner according to any one of the first to thirty-fifth embodiments; and

[0054] A cooling jacket is disposed on the outside of the burner, and a second cooling medium channel is formed inside the cooling jacket.

[0055] In the thirty-seventh aspect of the present invention, a burner assembly according to the thirty-sixth aspect is disclosed, wherein the burner includes a stepped portion on its outer side, and the cooling jacket includes a radially inward protrusion, wherein the protrusion engages with the stepped portion; preferably, the burner further includes a sealing gasket disposed between the protrusion and the stepped portion.

[0056] In the thirty-eighth aspect of the present invention, a burner module is disclosed, comprising:

[0057] Multiple burners according to any one of the first to thirty-fifth embodiments, or multiple burner assemblies according to technical solution thirty-six or thirty-seven; and

[0058] A common cooling block defines multiple installation spaces, wherein each burner or burner assembly is installed in a corresponding installation space; preferably, the burner and the common cooling block are formed as a single unit, and a cooling medium channel is defined in the single unit.

[0059] In the thirty-ninth aspect of the present invention, a burner module according to the thirty-eighth aspect is disclosed, wherein the common cooling block is composed of a first part and a second part that are independent of each other, the first part and the second part jointly defining the installation space, preferably, the flow direction of the cooling medium in the first part is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling medium in the second part.

[0060] In the fortieth aspect of this invention, a burner module is disclosed, comprising:

[0061] Multiple burners according to any one of the first to thirty-fifth embodiments;

[0062] A first fluid supply line capable of supplying a first fluid to each burner; and a second fluid supply line capable of supplying a second fluid to each burner.

[0063] In the forty-first aspect of this invention, a burner module is disclosed, comprising:

[0064] Multiple burner assemblies according to technical solution 36 or technical solution 37;

[0065] A first fluid supply line capable of supplying a first fluid to each burner assembly; a second fluid supply line capable of supplying a second fluid to each burner assembly; and

[0066] A cooling medium circuit capable of supplying cooling medium to each burner assembly.

[0067] In the forty-second aspect of the present invention, a heating device is disclosed, wherein the heating device contains a medium to be heated, and the heating device is provided with a burner according to any one of the first to thirty-fifth aspects, or a burner assembly according to technical solution thirty-six or technical solution thirty-seven, or a burner module according to any one of technical solutions thirty-eight to forty-one.

[0068] The beneficial effects of the present invention are at least as follows:

[0069] Because the flame and combustion products are in direct contact with the heated medium, they have a longer heat transfer time and sufficient heat exchange, which improves energy utilization efficiency and reduces emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

[0070] Because the burner has a mixing channel for premixing fuel and oxidizer, the fuel and oxidizer are premixed before being ejected from the burner, thus enabling a stable and controllable flame.

[0071] By forming a mixing channel inside the nozzle, more specifically in the first or second fluid guide, the amount of mixed fluid in the mixing channel is limited by the size of the first or second fluid guide. This limited mixing space avoids the accumulation of excess mixed gas and reduces the risk of explosion.

[0072] The burner of the present invention has higher flame stability, higher heat transfer efficiency and lower explosion risk, especially when hydrogen is used as fuel.

[0073] By employing fluid guides to create swirling mixing of fuel and / or oxidizer, the mixing process becomes faster, more thorough, and more uniform, resulting in a more stable combustion flame and combustion performance. By creating swirling flows of the first and second fluids in opposite directions, the collision of the two fluids achieves a strong mixing effect. Furthermore, a staged mixing structure can achieve even better mixing results.

[0074] The design of having a larger outlet area than the mixing channel further prevents the flame from "burning back" into the burner, thus avoiding burner erosion or explosion. By incorporating multiple through channels in the nozzle, the overall flame area is increased, and the smaller orifice diameter of each through channel results in a shorter, more stable, and less extinguishable flame. The smaller orifice diameter also prevents clogging of the nozzle's through channels. Furthermore, the smaller orifice diameter of the internal outlet makes the flame less prone to extinguishing, facilitating the preservation of the burner's ignition source and making it easier to reignite after extinguishing.

[0075] The provided burner modules and burner combinations allow for flexible fulfillment of various power range requirements, while also enabling cost reduction, space-saving, more compact designs, and uniform cooling.

[0076] The monitoring system and the independent design of each burner component make burner maintenance more convenient and less costly. Furthermore, the matching of the cross-sectional area and flow velocity of each part of the burner makes it less prone to flameout and prevents premature combustion inside the burner, reducing burner erosion and extending its lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0077] The features and advantages of various examples or embodiments of the present invention will be more readily understood with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0078] Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the end of a burner according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0079] Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of the end of a burner according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0080] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of the end of a burner according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0081] Figure 3A A partial schematic diagram of the end of a burner according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0082] Figure 3B Show Figure 3A The diagram shows a top view of the burner.

[0083] Figure 4 A perspective view of an exemplary nozzle is shown, wherein the through passage in the nozzle is shown in dashed lines;

[0084] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the mixing direction of a first fluid and a second fluid that form swirling flows in two directions, respectively, in a mixing channel;

[0085] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an exemplary burner assembly is shown, which includes the burner in a first exemplary embodiment;

[0086] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another exemplary burner assembly is shown, which includes the burner in the second exemplary embodiment;

[0087] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a burner module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0088] Figure 8A A schematic diagram illustrating a burner module of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating a burner module of another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and

[0090] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a burner assembly according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0091] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall concept of the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0092] Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth for ease of explanation and to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and apparatuses are not illustrated in the figures to simplify the drawings.

[0093] In the following description of specific embodiments, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0094] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0095] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0096] As used herein, the term "fuel" refers to gaseous, liquid, or solid fuels that can be used interchangeably or in combination. If it is at least partially in gaseous form, it can be introduced directly into the burner. If it is in liquid or solid form, it is introduced near the burner. Gaseous fuels can be natural gas (primarily methane), propane, hydrogen, syngas, biomass gas, or any other hydrocarbon compound and / or sulfur-containing and / or nitrogen-containing compound. Solid or liquid fuels can be any compound that is primarily carbon-containing and / or hydrocarbon-containing and / or sulfur-containing. Those skilled in the art can determine the manner of introduction of gaseous, liquid, or solid fuels as needed, and this invention is not intended to impose any limitations.

[0097] As used herein, the term "nozzle" refers to a component located at the end of a burner that sprays fuel and oxidizer to cause combustion; it can be a separate component or an integral part of other components.

[0098] As used herein, the terms “melting,” “melting,” “melting operation,” and “melting process” refer to the operation of heating a medium from a substantially solid state to a substantially liquid state.

[0099] As used herein, the term "melt" refers to a substance that may contain inorganic, metallic, or organic components, obtained by melting, and can be molten glass, molten metal, molten resin, molten waste, etc.

[0100] As used herein, the term “glass melt” refers to a composition for making glass articles, which may exist in any state between substantially solid and substantially liquid, including substantially solid and substantially liquid, such a state being between raw material and molten glass (including raw material and molten glass), including any degree of partial melting between raw material and molten glass.

[0101] As used in this article, the term "equivalent diameter" refers to the diameter of a circle with the same cross-sectional area as a given shape.

[0102] As used herein, the term "axial" refers to the direction of an axis of rotation, axis of symmetry, or approximate centerline that is generally parallel to the central axis of the burner. The term "radial" can refer to the direction or relationship relative to a line extending perpendicularly outward from a shared centerline, axis, or similar reference. For example, two concentric and axially overlapping cylindrical components can be considered "radially" aligned on the axially overlapping portions of these components, but not "radially" aligned on the non-axially overlapping portions. In some cases, these components may be considered "radially" aligned even if one or both of them may not be cylindrical (or otherwise radially symmetrical).

[0103] As used herein, “flow velocity” refers to the volume of “first fluid,” “second fluid,” “mixed fluid,” or “fluid mixture” flowing through a unit cross-sectional area in a passage / channel or outlet per unit time, which can be expressed as flow velocity v = V / (T*S), where V represents the volume of the fluid, T represents time, and S represents the cross-sectional area in the passage / channel or outlet, with units such as m / s.

[0104] Those skilled in the art will understand that the term "tangential direction" as used herein, referring to the flow of fluid from the outlet of the fluid passage into the mixing channel in a roughly tangential direction, does not mean a perfectly precise tangent. Rather, it means that the outlet of the passage intersects the outer contour of the mixing channel in a roughly tangential direction near the point of tangency, allowing the fluid to flow into the mixing channel through the outlet in a roughly tangential direction. "Tangential direction" does not necessarily mean that the contour of the mixing channel is cylindrical or has a circular cross-section. For irregular curved cross-sectional contours, the tangential direction is the tangential direction along the curve.

[0105] In the following description, glass raw material is used as an example of the heating medium. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the heating medium can also be any other medium that needs to be heated, such as metal, solid waste, or other solid substances.

[0106] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a burner is provided. Although the overall structure of the burner is not shown in the accompanying drawings for simplicity, those skilled in the art will understand the complete body of the burner. Figure 1-3 The end of the burner is shown. At least one first passage 21 and at least one second passage 31 are formed within the burner, wherein the inlet 22 of each first passage is fluidly connected to a supply port of a first fluid; and the inlet of each second passage 31 is fluidly connected to a supply port of a second fluid; wherein at least one first passage 21 and at least one second passage 31 are arranged such that the first fluid from the outlet 23 of at least one first passage 21 and the second fluid from the outlet 33 of at least one second passage 31 mix with each other; wherein at least one first passage 21 is configured to cause the first fluid to swirl in a first swirling direction, and / or, at least one second passage 31 is configured to cause the second fluid to swirl in a second swirling direction.

[0107] In the example above, one of the first fluid and the second fluid is an oxidant, and the other is a fuel. The following description uses the example of the first fluid being an oxidant and the second fluid being a fuel; however, those skilled in the art will understand that the first fluid could also be a fuel and the second fluid an oxidant.

[0108] In the above example of the present invention, the first fluid and / or the second fluid are swirled by at least one first passage 21 and / or at least one second passage 31, respectively, resulting in faster mixing speed and better mixing effect of fuel and oxidant. In this example, at least one first passage 21 can be used to swirl the oxidant in the first swirling direction, or at least one second passage 31 can be used to swirl the fuel in the second swirling direction, or a mixture of swirling oxidant and swirling fuel can be used (preferably in which case the first and second swirling directions are opposite), all of which can enhance the premixing degree of fuel and oxidant, which ensures the stability of the flame produced by combustion.

[0109] exist Figure 1-3 In the illustrated embodiment, a mixing channel 24 is formed inside the burner, with the outlet 23 of each first passage and the outlet 33 of each second passage 31 fluidly connected to the mixing channel 24, such that the first fluid and the second fluid are mixed in the mixing channel 24 and flow out through the outlet of the mixing channel 24.

[0110] The degree of mixing between fuel and oxidizer plays a crucial role in the combustion rate and flame stability. This invention, by forming a mixing channel 24 within the burner, allows the fuel and oxidizer to premix within the mixing channel 24 before exiting the burner. This premixing of fuel and oxidizer results in a more stable combustion flame and faster combustion.

[0111] As a further example, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the burner may include a first fluid guide 2, a second fluid guide 3, and a nozzle 1, wherein at least one first passage 21 is formed within the first fluid guide 2, at least one second passage 31 is formed within the second fluid guide 3, and a mixing channel 24 is disposed within the first fluid guide. Exemplarily, the outlet end of the second fluid guide 3 is disposed within the first fluid guide 2, so that second fluid from the second passage flows into the mixing channel 24. Although the mixing channel 24 is shown disposed within the first fluid guide in the figures, it should be understood that the mixing channel 24 may also be disposed within the second fluid guide. Since burners employing a premixing method pose a risk of explosion due to the premixed fluid, the above-described example of the invention, by forming the mixing channel 24 within the first fluid guide 2 or the second fluid guide 3, the volume of the mixing channel is limited by the size of the first or second fluid guide, and the limited mixing space of this mixing channel avoids the accumulation of excess mixed gas and the resulting explosion risk.

[0112] exist Figure 3A , 3B In the burner of the fourth embodiment shown, a first fluid from at least one outlet 23 of a first passage 21 and a second fluid from at least one outlet 33 of a second passage 31 are mixed together. Further, the outlet end of the second fluid guide 3 is movably disposed within the first fluid guide 2 to adjust the mixing position of the first and second fluids. With this structure, as... Figure 3A , 3B As shown, the position of the second fluid guide 3 can be adjusted up and down within a certain range. Therefore, the depth of the second passage 31 in the first fluid guide 2 can be adjusted, thereby changing the mixing position of fuel and oxidant, thereby controlling the mixing effect of fuel and oxidant to adapt to changes in different fuels / oxidants and other specific application scenarios.

[0113] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that, although in Figure 1-3 In the illustrated embodiments, the burner includes a nozzle 1; however, those skilled in the art will understand that the nozzle 1 may be omitted. Figure 3A and 3B An example of a structure omitting the nozzle is shown; one can also imagine... Figure 1-3The structure of the burner (excluding the outer nozzle 1) is shown in the image. The first fluid guide 2 can be part of the burner housing or a nozzle, and the mixture of fuel and oxidizer is ejected from the mixing channel 24 and burned. In this case, preferably, the flow velocity of the fluid mixture at the outlet of the mixing channel 24 is greater than the propagation velocity of the flame generated by the combustion of the fluid mixture. This prevents the flame from "burning back" to the burner outlet and returning to the burner (also known as "backfire"), which could lead to burner explosion or erosion. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the mixing channel 24 can be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space of the mixing channel. For example, the mixing channel can have a funnel-shaped opening or a stepped opening. Since the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet can be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space of the mixing channel, the flow velocity of the fluid mixture in the internal space of the mixing channel is greater than the flow velocity of the fluid mixture at the outlet, which is more conducive to preventing flame backfire, i.e., preventing the flame from "burning back" to the burner, thereby avoiding burner erosion or explosion. To further prevent backfire, a safety factor can be used. For example, the mixing channel can be designed such that the flow rate of the fluid mixture within the mixing channel is more than 15 times the propagation speed of the flame generated by the combustion of the fluid mixture. Those skilled in the art can also set this safety factor as needed.

[0114] Preferably, in order to ensure rapid outflow of the mixed gas, prevent excess mixed fluid from accumulating in the mixing space to avoid explosion, achieve better mixing effect, and prevent backfire, the first and second passages of the burner and the mixing channel are designed such that the flow velocity of the first fluid in the first passage 21 and the flow velocity of the second fluid in the second passage 31 are both greater than the flow velocity of the fluid mixture in the mixing channel. For example... Figure 1-3 As shown in the example, the outlet 33 of the second passage 31 for conveying the second fluid is located upstream of the mixing passage 24 and the outlet 23 of the first passage 21. The flow velocity of the second fluid at the outlet of the second passage 31 is greater than that of the first fluid at the outlet of the first passage 21, enabling the mixed fluid to flow out rapidly. The higher the ejection velocities of the first and second fluids at the outlets of the first and second passages 21 and 31, the better the mixing effect. Exemplarily, the flow velocity of the oxidant can be in the range of, for example, 3 m / s to 250 m / s; exemplarily, Figure 3A The fluid velocity in the first passage 21 on the outer side shown can reach more than 250 m / s, which will cool the upper surface of the first fluid guide 2 in the figure.

[0115] In this invention, the fuel can be hydrogen. Hydrogen has many advantages as a clean energy source, but it has been found that when used as fuel, the hydrogen flame is not bright, has low emissivity, and exhibits low heat transfer efficiency during heating. However, in a submerged burner, due to the direct contact and heat conduction and convection characteristics of submerged combustion, the heat from the hydrogen flame is fully transferred within the heated medium, thus achieving better utilization of the thermal energy from hydrogen combustion. Using hydrogen as fuel in a submerged burner also has the following advantages: water is the only product of its oxidative combustion, thus reducing carbon dioxide emissions during combustion; and, for example, in the case of glass melt, clarification is required to eliminate bubbles. When hydrogen is used as fuel, the partial pressure of the generated gaseous water differs from the partial pressure of other gases present in the glass, making these gas bubbles easier to absorb and merge into larger bubbles for discharge, thus facilitating melting. However, one problem found with using hydrogen in submerged combustion is that the combustion reaction between hydrogen and the oxidant is too rapid, making premixing difficult and increasing the risk of explosion. In the burner of this invention, since the mixing of fuel and oxidant takes place in the mixing channel 24, the volume of which is limited by the size of the first or second fluid guide. This mixing space contains no excess mixed gas, reducing the explosion risk that can easily arise from the premixing of hydrogen and oxidant. Therefore, it overcomes the disadvantages of using hydrogen as fuel, achieving effective premixing to ensure a stable and continuous flame while avoiding the risk of explosion. Furthermore, in the example of this invention, the fluid mixture flows out rapidly through an outlet with a large cross-sectional area and achieves combustion. Simultaneously, due to the use of a swirling mixing method, a good mixing effect is achieved within the limited mixing space. Therefore, the burner of this invention exhibits excellent combustion performance, especially for hydrogen as fuel: higher flame stability, higher heat transfer efficiency, and lower explosion risk.

[0116] Furthermore, as described above, a swirling method can be employed to swirl both the fuel and the oxidant. Preferably, the first swirling direction of the oxidant is opposite to the second swirling direction of the fuel. In this invention, an example is provided in which at least one first passage 21 is a plurality of first passages (in...) Figure 5 Four first passages are exemplarily shown, and those skilled in the art will understand that three, five, six, or more first passages 21 can also be used. These first passages are positioned such that the first fluid from the outlet of each first passage is respectively in the mixing channel 24 along the first swirling direction (in Figure 5 The mixture enters the mixing channel 24 in a tangential direction (counter-clockwise). This example achieves swirling flow of the first fluid through the arrangement of the first passage 21 in the first fluid guide 2, thereby achieving thorough mixing of the first and second fluids. Figure 5As shown, multiple first passages 21 are arranged such that a first fluid, such as an oxidant, is injected into a mixing passage 24 in a counterclockwise direction (as an example of a first swirling direction), while a second fluid, such as fuel, is swirled in a clockwise direction and introduced into the mixing passage 24. The clockwise swirling fuel collides with the counterclockwise injected oxidant, and the two form a strong mixture, achieving a high degree of mixing between the fuel and the oxidant.

[0117] For example, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the second passage 31 can be configured as one, which is aligned with the mixing channel 24 upstream of the mixing channel 24, and at least a portion of the second passage has a spiral groove 311 with a spiral direction opposite to the first swirling direction. As shown in this example, the outlet end of the second fluid guide 3 is disposed within the first fluid guide 2, and its second passage 31 is aligned with the mixing channel 24, so that the second fluid is directly fed into the mixing channel 24 in a swirling form.

[0118] Those skilled in the art will understand that although a second passage 31 is shown in the above examples and in the accompanying drawings to achieve the swirling of the second fluid, other methods may also be used, such as setting multiple second passages, for example, similar to the arrangement of multiple first passages. The multiple second passages may be positioned such that the second fluid from the outlet of each second passage flows into the mixing channel 24 in the tangential direction along the second swirling direction, and the second swirling direction is opposite to the first swirling direction.

[0119] Those skilled in the art will understand that the various methods of forming swirls described herein, such as arranging multiple passages to converge into the mixing channel 24 in a tangential direction, and forming spiral grooves in at least a portion of the passages, can be used in combination to achieve a more thorough mixing effect.

[0120] exist Figure 1-3 In one embodiment, each first passage 21 is shown to include a first portion 211 and a second portion 212, the first portion 211 extending parallel to the axis of the first fluid guide 2 from the inlet 22 of the first passage 21; the second portion 212 extending obliquely from the first portion 211 toward a corresponding tangential direction toward the mixing channel 24 until the outlet 23 of the first passage 21. Although in Figure 1-3 The schematic diagram does not visually show that the second portion 212 of the first passage 21 merges into the mixing channel 24 at various different orientations (e.g., spaced 90° apart in the circumferential direction) along the corresponding tangential direction of the mixing channel 24, but those skilled in the art will understand that its mixing method is similar to Figure 5The diagram illustrates the arrangement. With this structure, on the one hand, the first part 211 ensures the smooth inflow of the first fluid, and on the other hand, the second part 212 achieves a swirling effect on the first fluid as a whole.

[0121] Those skilled in the art will also understand that the second portion 212 may also be configured to extend obliquely toward the axis of the first fluid guide 2 until the outlet 23 of the first passage 21, wherein the extension line of the second portion intersects the axis of the first fluid guide 2. To achieve swirling of the first fluid, a spiral groove 213 with the spiral direction of the first swirling direction may be formed in the first portion 211 and / or the second portion 212.

[0122] As a variation, the first passage 21 can also adopt other structures besides the first and second parts in the examples above. For example, each first passage 21 extends obliquely from its inlet 22 toward the corresponding tangential direction of the mixing channel 24 to the outlet 23 of the first passage 21; or each first passage 21 extends obliquely from its inlet 22 toward the axis of the first fluid guide 2 to the outlet 23 of the first passage 21, wherein the extension line of the first passage intersects the axis of the burner. In this case, in order to achieve the swirling of the first fluid, a spiral groove 213 with the spiral direction of the first swirling direction can be formed in at least a portion of the first passage 21.

[0123] To achieve a more thorough mixing of fuel and oxidizer, such as Figure 3 As shown, at least one first passage 21 may be multiple first passages, and the outlets 23 of the multiple first passages 21 converge into the mixing channel at different positions (or different heights / levels) along the axial direction of the first fluid guide 2. In this example, for example, four oxidant passages converge into the mixing channel 24 at different horizontal planes in circumferential orientations of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees, and 270 degrees, respectively.

[0124] For example, the outlets 23 of the plurality of first passages 21 arranged sequentially in a clockwise direction with the same first swirl direction are located at positions that are progressively closer to the outlet of the mixing channel (in Figure 3 The fluid flows into the mixing channel at positions that are sequentially ascending from the middle. This exemplary structure allows the first fluid to be gradually mixed into the second fluid while achieving swirling in the first swirling direction, thus resulting in more thorough mixing of the first and second fluids. In the examples above, the inlets of the multiple first channels 21 can be evenly distributed on the same circumference.

[0125] like Figure 1-3As shown, the burner according to the invention may also include a nozzle 1, with a first fluid guide 2 at least partially disposed in the nozzle 1, wherein the tip of the nozzle 1 forms at least one through-channel 11 in fluid communication with the outlet of the mixing channel. Figure 1 , 3 In one embodiment, a single through channel 11 is formed within the nozzle 1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the through channel 11 being larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the interior space of the mixing channel. As described above, because the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the through channel 11 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the interior space of the mixing channel, the flow velocity of the fluid mixture in the interior space of the mixing channel is greater than the flow velocity of the fluid mixture at the outlet of the through channel 11, thereby making it easier to prevent flame backfire into the burner.

[0126] like Figure 2 As shown, exemplarily, there can be multiple through channels 11 within the nozzle 1, and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the outlets of the multiple through channels 11 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space of the mixing channel. By setting multiple through channels, the overall flame area is increased, and the equivalent diameter / aperture of the outlet of each through channel can be designed to be smaller, thus the flame is shorter and therefore more stable and less prone to extinguishing.

[0127] For multiple through passages 11, for example, such as Figure 2 As shown, each penetrating channel 11 may include a first portion extending from its inlet in a direction away from the nozzle axis and a second portion extending from the first portion in a direction parallel to the nozzle axis to the outlet of the penetrating channel. With this configuration, the first portions of the plurality of penetrating channels extend from the mixing channel 24 to the second portions parallel to the nozzle axis direction, increasing the flame area and reducing the orifice diameter of the outlet of each penetrating channel, resulting in a shorter, more stable, and less extinguishable flame. Exemplarily, as... Figure 4 As shown, each through channel 11 (including an external channel with an external outlet 1121 and an internal channel with an internal outlet 1111) can also be configured to extend from its inlet to its outlet in a direction gradually away from the axis of the nozzle. This structure can also achieve the effect of increasing the flame area and reducing the aperture of the outlet of each through channel so that the flame is shorter and therefore more stable and less likely to be extinguished.

[0128] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the multiple through channels 11 may include internal channels and external channels, wherein each external outlet 1121 of the external channel is located outside each internal outlet 1111 of the internal channel in the radial direction of the nozzle. In this structure, the internal channel has a higher fuel content than the external channel due to its closer proximity to the internal fuel passage (i.e., the second passage 31), so the flame in the internal channel is less likely to be extinguished and can be re-ignited more quickly after being extinguished.

[0129] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the diameter of the internal outlet 1111 of the through-channel is smaller than the diameter of the external outlet 1121. For this smaller diameter internal outlet 1111, the flame length is shorter and the fuel content is higher, making it less prone to extinguishing and easier to maintain the burner's ignition source; moreover, the outflow momentum and impact force of the fluid mixture are smaller, making it easier to reignite even if the flame is extinguished. Figure 4 As shown, the external outlets 1121 can be evenly distributed on the same circumference. This results in a more uniform overall flame intensity. The internal outlets 1111 can also be evenly distributed on the same circumference. Preferably, as... Figure 4 As shown, the internal outlet 1111 and the external outlet 1121 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction; more preferably, each internal outlet 1111 is located at the midpoint between the two adjacent external outlets 1121 in the circumferential direction. Both of these methods enable a more balanced distribution of the fluid mixture, resulting in a more uniform flame intensity.

[0130] In this invention, for the outlets of the multiple through channels 11 of the nozzle 1, such as the internal outlet 1111 or the external outlet 1121, to prevent the glass melt from wetting into the through channels 11 through these outlets and causing blockage, the equivalent diameter of the through channel outlets is designed to be 0.3mm-10mm, preferably 0.8mm-6mm, more preferably 1mm-5mm, and even more preferably 1.5mm to 4mm. This equivalent diameter is small enough to prevent the glass melt from seeping back into the through channels, while still allowing the flow of the fluid mixture. In the combustion of this invention, due to the size of the through channel outlets, the setting of the flow rates of the first and second fluids, the high flow rate of the resulting mixture, and the presence of pressure of the mixed fluids in the mixing channel, the outlets of the through channels are individually or collectively guaranteed to be less prone to blockage, thus preventing damage to the burner nozzle and the burner. The cross-sectional area and flow rate of each part of the burner of the present invention are matched with each other, which makes the burner less prone to flameout and can avoid premature combustion inside the burner, thereby reducing burner erosion and extending burner life.

[0131] Exemplarily, the burner of the present invention also includes a separate body 5, to which the nozzle 1 can be connected, and wherein the nozzle 1, the first fluid guide 2, and the second fluid guide 3 are all separate components. This exemplary structure allows for the individual replacement of the nozzle 1, the first fluid guide 2, and the second fluid guide 3, thereby reducing the burner's maintenance costs.

[0132] For example, the nozzle 1 can also be integral with the burner body, and a first cooling medium channel (not shown in the figure) can be integrated into the integral part. Preferably, the first cooling medium channel can extend to the through channel 11 of the nozzle 1. With this structure, since the cooling channel can extend into the interior of the nozzle, effective cooling of the burner, especially the nozzle, can be achieved.

[0133] The following will be combined with the appendix Figure 1-3 Sections 3A and 3B specifically describe the structure and operation of the burner as an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, respectively. Those skilled in the art will understand that these structures and descriptions are merely examples and should not be construed as necessary limitations on any technical solution of the present invention.

[0134] In a first embodiment, the burner includes a nozzle 1, a body 5, a first fluid guide 2 at least partially disposed on the inner wall of the nozzle 1, and a second fluid guide 3 with its outlet end disposed in the first fluid guide 2. The body 5 may be a separate component connected to the nozzle 1. Figure 1 As shown, a mixing channel 24 is formed in the first fluid guide 2, and the outlet 33 of the second passage 31 of the second fluid in the second fluid guide 2 is aligned with the mixing channel 24. Therefore, the second fluid (which may be fuel or oxidant) ejected from the outlet 33 of the second passage 31 directly enters the mixing channel 24.

[0135] A spiral groove is formed in the second passage 31, which is in Figure 1 In the example shown, the second fluid is made to swirl in a right-handed direction, so the second fluid flows in a right-handed direction (corresponding to...). Figure 5 The middle direction is clockwise. Figure 5 It can be considered from Figure 1 (See the schematic diagram of the swirling direction obtained below) The fluid enters the mixing channel 24. Simultaneously, the first passage 21 formed within the first fluid guide 2 includes a first portion 211 and a second portion 212. The first portion 211 extends parallel to the axis of the first fluid guide 2 from the inlet 22 of the first passage 21. The second portion 212 extends from the first portion 211 and obliquely towards the corresponding tangential direction of the mixing channel 24 until the outlet 23 of the first passage 21. The extension direction of the second portion 212 can be referenced... Figure 5 The directional diagram shows that the second portions 211 of the four first passages 21 converge sequentially into the mixing channel 24 in a counterclockwise direction, thereby forming a left-handed (counterclockwise) swirling flow of the first fluid in the mixing channel 24. Furthermore, in Figure 1The first part 211 also has a left-handed spiral groove 213, which further enhances the effect of creating a swirling flow in the first fluid. The first and second fluids collide in the mixing channel 24, as... Figure 5 As shown, the opposite swirling directions allow for more thorough and efficient mixing. The two components mix rapidly and enter the through-hole 11 through the mixing channel 24, exiting from its outlet and burning. In the first embodiment, there is only one through-hole 11, whose outlet, as an example, is funnel-shaped with a cross-sectional area larger than that of the mixing channel 24. The flow velocity of the fluid mixture within the mixing channel is greater than that at the outlet. This further prevents the flame from burning back into the mixing channel 24 and the burner interior.

[0136] Figure 2 A burner according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this second embodiment, a plurality of through channels 11 are formed within the nozzle 1, the plurality of through channels 11 including internal channels and external channels, wherein each external outlet 1121 of the external channel is located outside each internal outlet 1111 of the internal channel in the radial direction of the nozzle. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of the outlets 1111 and 1121 of the plurality of through channels is greater than the cross-sectional area at the mixing channel 23. Figure 2 The diagram shows that each penetrating channel 11 includes a first portion extending from its inlet along an axis away from the nozzle and a second portion extending from the first portion along a direction parallel to the nozzle axis to the outlet of the penetrating channel. With this structure, the first portions of the multiple penetrating channels extend from the mixing channel 24 to the second portions parallel to the nozzle axis, increasing the flame area and reducing the orifice diameter of the outlets 1111 and 1121 of each penetrating channel, resulting in a shorter, more stable, and less extinguishable flame. Similar to the first embodiment, the first and second fluids rapidly mix in the mixing channel 24, or mixing space, and enter the first portion of the penetrating channel 11, pass through the second portion, and are ejected and burned. The external outlets 1121 of the external channels can also be as follows... Figure 4 As shown, its aperture is larger than the aperture of each internal outlet 1111 of the internal channel. As mentioned above, for the internal outlet 1111 with this small aperture, the fuel content is higher and the flame length is shorter, so it is not easy to extinguish and it is easier to maintain the ignition source of the burner; moreover, the momentum and impact force of the outflowing fluid mixture are smaller, so it is easier to ignite even if the flame is extinguished.

[0137] exist Figure 3In the burner shown in the third exemplary embodiment of the invention, four first passages are formed in the first fluid guide 2, which are respectively positioned at 90-degree intervals in the circumferential direction, and each of their second portions 212 merges into the mixing channel 24 at different heights along the axial direction in a left-handed manner. The stepwise merging manner allows the first fluid to gradually merge into the second fluid, thus achieving a more uniform mixing.

[0138] exist Figure 4 In the burner shown according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a spiral groove is formed in the first passage, and a spiral groove 311 is also formed in the second passage. Therefore, the first fluid from the outlet 23 of the first passage of the first fluid guide 2 forms a right-handed swirling flow, and the second fluid from the outlet of the second passage of the second fluid guide 3 forms a left-handed swirling flow. The two fluids collide and mix at position 24 to achieve a good mixing effect. As described above, the position of the second fluid guide 3 can be adjusted vertically, thus adjusting the mixing position and mixing effect.

[0139] Furthermore, cooling is crucial for burners, especially submerged burners, to prevent erosion and damage to burner components. For example... Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the present invention also provides a burner assembly, which may include the burner in the examples above and a cooling jacket 6 disposed outside the burner, wherein a second cooling medium channel 62 is formed within the cooling jacket. The cooling medium flows within the second cooling medium channel 62 to cool and lower the temperature of the burner, preventing the burner temperature from exceeding its maximum withstand temperature. Exemplarily, several openings (e.g., 4-8 openings) may be made in the refractory bricks of the furnace, and a separate cooling jacket may be disposed in each opening. Each burner may be inserted into each cooling jacket, forming a burner group as a whole. The size of the burner group can be set according to the heating position and heating power requirements. Preferably, the outer side of the burner may also include a stepped portion, and correspondingly, the cooling jacket includes a radially inward protrusion, wherein the protrusion fits onto the stepped portion. Preferably, the burner also includes a sealing gasket disposed between the protrusion and the stepped portion to prevent molten material from entering the gap between the cooling jacket and the burner.

[0140] To save costs and simplify the installation process, the present invention also provides a burner module, which includes the burner in the above examples and a common cooling block 12, such as... Figure 8 , Figure 8AAs shown in Figure 9, multiple mounting spaces 121 are defined within a common cooling block 12 (e.g., a cooling plate), with each burner mounted and cooled in each of these mounting spaces. This approach eliminates the need for a separate cooling jacket for each burner, thus reducing costs and simplifying the installation process. Those skilled in the art will understand that, for better cooling, the burner assembly including the cooling jacket 6 can also be positioned within the mounting space 121, achieving dual cooling for the burner. To save space and cost, and to achieve better cooling, the burner can also be integrated into the common cooling block 12 as a single unit, for example, by defining cooling channels for the cooling medium together with the outer surface of the burner (the outer surfaces of the nozzle 1 and body 5, or, when the nozzle and body are integrated), along with the common cooling block. In other words, in this example, integrating the burner with the common cooling block 12 achieves space and cost savings as well as better cooling. Figure 8A As shown, the common cooling block 12 consists of a first part and a second part that are independent of each other, and the first part and the second part together enclose the aforementioned installation space 121. Preferably, the flow direction of the cooling medium in the first part is opposite to the flow direction of the cooling medium in the second part. Figure 8A The structure shown provides adequate cooling and facilitates the placement of the burner or burner assembly. If there is a slight discrepancy between the burner size and the installation space, the relative positions of the first and second parts can be adjusted to accommodate the dimensions and achieve optimal fit.

[0141] The present invention also provides another burner module, which includes a plurality of burners as described in the above examples, a first fluid supply line 8 supplying a first fluid to each burner, and a second fluid supply line 9 capable of supplying a second fluid to each burner. Figure 10 As shown, by using multiple burners together to form a burner combination or module, and centrally supplying a first fluid and a second fluid to these burners (e.g., 4-8 burners), equipment costs can be reduced. Exemplarily, a separate first / second fluid supply control system can be provided for each burner, which may include, for example, a valve. Alternatively, each burner may be equipped with a separate display device for parameters such as flow rate, temperature, or pressure to adjust the supply to each burner as needed. Those skilled in the art will understand that centralized supply can also be achieved for the aforementioned burner assembly with a cooling jacket, providing another burner module comprising multiple burner assemblies, a first fluid supply line 8 capable of supplying a first fluid to each burner assembly, a second fluid supply line 9 capable of supplying a second fluid to each burner assembly, and a cooling medium circuit 10 capable of supplying a cooling medium to each burner assembly.

[0142] The present invention also provides a heating device, such as a glass melting furnace, which contains a medium to be heated, and may include one or more of the aforementioned burners, burner assemblies, and burner modules. The burner, burner assembly, or burner module may be disposed in the bottom, side wall, or top wall of the furnace. For submerged burners, the nozzles are immersed in the heated medium. The heating device can achieve various desired power ranges by flexibly combining the burners.

[0143] It should be noted that although the term "submerged burner" is sometimes used in the description above, the structure of the burner of the present invention is not limited to submerged burners. Burners using the structure of the present invention can achieve various advantages described above, such as good mixing effect, stable and controllable flame, large flame area and heat transfer efficiency, and easier maintenance.

[0144] While some embodiments of the general concept of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the general concept of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A burner, characterized in that, The burner has at least one first passage (21) and at least one second passage (31) formed therein, wherein the inlet (22) of each first passage is fluidly connected to the supply port of a first fluid, and the inlet of each second passage (31) is fluidly connected to the supply port of a second fluid; The at least one first passage (21) and the at least one second passage (31) are arranged such that a first fluid from the outlet (23) of the at least one first passage (21) and a second fluid from the outlet (33) of the at least one second passage (31) mix with each other. And wherein, at least one first passage (21) is configured to cause the first fluid to swirl in a first swirling direction, and / or, at least one second passage (31) is configured to cause the second fluid to swirl in a second swirling direction; Each of the first pathways (21) includes: The first part (211), the first part extending parallel to the axis of the burner from the inlet (22) of the first passage (21); and The second part (212) extends obliquely from the first part (211) toward the axis of the burner to the outlet (23) of the first passage (21); wherein the extension of the axis of the second part (212) intersects the axis of the burner; or, Each of the first passages (21) extends obliquely from its inlet (22) toward the axis of the burner to the outlet (23) of the first passage (21), wherein the extension of the axis of the first passage (21) intersects the axis of the burner; The burner is a submerged burner.

2. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one first passage (21) is configured to cause the first fluid to swirl in the first swirling direction, and the at least one second passage (31) is configured to cause the second fluid to swirl in the second swirling direction.

3. The burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, At least one portion of the first passage (21) has a spiral groove (213) with the spiral direction being the first swirling direction.

4. The burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, At least a portion of at least one of the second passages (31) has a spiral groove (311) with the spiral direction being the second swirling direction.

5. The burner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a mixing channel (24) is formed within the burner, and the outlet (23) of each of the first passages and the outlet (33) of each of the second passages (31) are in fluid communication with the mixing channel (24) such that the first fluid and the second fluid are mixed in the mixing channel (24) and flow out via the outlet of the mixing channel (24).

6. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The at least one first passage (21) is a plurality of first passages, the plurality of first passages being positioned such that: the first fluid from the outlet of each first passage flows into the mixing channel (24) in a tangential direction along the first swirling direction.

7. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second passage (31) is an upstream of the mixing channel (24) aligned with the mixing channel (24), and at least a portion of the second passage (31) has a spiral groove with a spiral direction opposite to the first swirling direction.

8. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second passage (31) is formed in a plurality of such that the second fluid from the outlet of each second passage (31) flows into the mixing channel (24) in a tangential direction along the second swirling direction, the second swirling direction being opposite to the first swirling direction.

9. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The at least one first passage (21) is a plurality of first passages, and the outlets (23) of the plurality of first passages (21) converge into the mixing channel (24) at different positions in the axial direction of the burner.

10. The burner according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outlets (23) of the plurality of first passages (21) arranged in a clockwise direction in the same direction as the first swirl flow converge into the mixing channel (24) at positions that are successively closer to the outlet of the mixing channel.

11. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the mixing channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the interior space of the mixing channel.

12. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The burner includes a nozzle (1) having at least one through-channel (11) formed therein, which is in fluid communication with the outlet of the mixing channel (24).

13. The burner according to claim 12, characterized in that, The through channel (11) inside the nozzle (1) is a single through channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the outlet of the through channel (11) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space of the mixing channel.

14. The burner according to claim 12, characterized in that, The nozzle (1) contains multiple through channels (11), and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the outlets of the multiple through channels (11) is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal space of the mixing channel.

15. The burner according to claim 14, characterized in that, Each of the through channels (11) includes a first portion extending from its inlet in a direction away from the axis of the nozzle and a second portion extending from the first portion in a direction parallel to the axis of the nozzle to the outlet of the through channel.

16. The burner according to claim 14, characterized in that, Each of the through channels (11) extends from its inlet to its outlet in a direction gradually away from the axis of the nozzle.

17. The burner according to claim 14, characterized in that, The plurality of through channels (11) include internal channels and external channels, wherein each external outlet (1121) of the external channel is located outside each internal outlet (1111) of the internal channel in the radial direction of the nozzle.

18. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The burner includes: A first fluid guide (2), wherein at least one first passage (21) is formed within the first fluid guide (2); and A second fluid guide (3), wherein at least one second passage (31) is formed within the second fluid guide (3); The mixing channel (24) is disposed within the first fluid guide (2) or the second fluid guide (3).

19. The burner according to claim 18, characterized in that, The mixing channel (24) is formed in the first fluid guide (2), and the outlet end of the second fluid guide (3) is disposed within the first fluid guide (2) so that the outlets (33) of the plurality of second passages (31) are fluidly connected to the mixing channel (24).

20. The burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The burner includes: A first fluid guide (2), wherein at least one first passage (21) is formed within the first fluid guide (2); and A second fluid guide (3), wherein at least one second passage (31) is formed within the second fluid guide (3); wherein the outlet end of the second fluid guide (3) is movably disposed within the first fluid guide (2).

21. The burner according to claim 20, characterized in that, The burner also includes a nozzle (1) and a separate body (5), the nozzle (1) being connected to the body (5), and wherein the nozzle (1), the first fluid guide (2), and the second fluid guide (3) are all separate components.

22. The burner according to claim 12, characterized in that, The nozzle (1) and the burner body (5) are formed as a single unit, and a first cooling medium channel is integrated in the single unit.

23. The burner according to claim 14, characterized in that, The equivalent diameter of the outlet of each of the aforementioned through channels ranges from 0.3 mm to 10 mm.

24. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mixing channel is designed such that the flow rate of the fluid mixture within the mixing channel is greater than the propagation speed of the flame produced by the combustion of the fluid mixture.

25. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first passage (21) and the second passage (31) are designed such that the flow rate of the first fluid in the first passage (21) and the flow rate of the second fluid in the second passage (31) are both greater than the flow rate of the fluid mixture in the mixing channel.

26. The burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The burner also includes a monitoring system, wherein the monitoring system includes sensors for monitoring the combustion state of the burner, the sensors including a monitor for monitoring the flame; and / or a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the burner.

27. The burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the first fluid and the second fluid, one is an oxidant and the other is a fuel.

28. The burner according to claim 27, characterized in that, The fuel is hydrogen.

29. A burner assembly, characterized in that, include: The burner according to any one of claims 1-28; as well as A cooling jacket (6) is provided on the outside of the burner, and a second cooling medium channel (62) is formed inside the cooling jacket.

30. The burner assembly according to claim 29, characterized in that, The burner includes a stepped portion on its outer side, and the cooling jacket includes a radially inward protrusion, wherein the protrusion engages with the stepped portion.

31. A burner module, characterized in that, include: A plurality of burners according to any one of claims 1-28 or a plurality of burner assemblies according to claim 29 or 30; as well as A common cooling block (12) defines a plurality of mounting spaces (121), wherein each of the burners or burner assemblies is mounted in a corresponding mounting space.

32. A burner module, characterized in that, include: Multiple burners according to any one of claims 1-28; A first fluid supply line (8) capable of supplying a first fluid to each burner; And a second fluid supply line (9) capable of supplying a second fluid to each burner.

33. A burner module, characterized in that, include: Multiple burner assemblies according to claim 29 or 30; A first fluid supply line (8) capable of supplying a first fluid to each burner assembly; a second fluid supply line (9) capable of supplying a second fluid to each burner assembly; and Cooling medium circuit (10) capable of supplying cooling medium to each burner assembly.

34. A heating device, characterized in that, The heating device contains a medium to be heated, and the heating device is provided with a burner according to any one of claims 1-28, or a burner assembly according to claims 29 or 30, or a burner module according to any one of claims 31-33.

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