A hydrogen production, storage and filling system and configuration method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention proposes a hydrogen production, storage and charging system and a configuration method. The hydrogen production, storage and charging system uses electrolytic hydrogen production, solid alloy or organic liquid hydrogen storage material as hydrogen storage and desorption materials, and provides a configuration method for the hydrogen production, storage and charging system based on hydrogen demand and material properties. Through the coordinated cooperation between the hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen storage unit and the hydrogen desorption unit, the minimum total investment is achieved under the condition of meeting the hydrogen demand, thereby saving investment costs. At the same time, the influence of temperature and pressure on the working characteristics and total investment of the hydrogen storage and desorption materials is considered, and a selection scheme for the optimal working condition is provided, so that the hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen desorption materials in the system are in a dynamic cycle of hydrogen absorption, storage and desorption, and all hydrogen storage modules and hydrogen desorption modules are fully utilized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy and fuel cells, and in particular to a hydrogen production, storage and filling system and a configuration method. Background Art

[0002] In hydrogen energy applications, the storage and release of hydrogen on demand is an important issue that affects the safety and cost of hydrogen use. The most widely used gaseous hydrogen storage currently has problems with poor safety and low hydrogen storage density. In large-scale hydrogen energy storage applications, its explosion hazard and ultra-large storage tanks will cause a significant increase in land occupation and management costs. In addition, the incomplete release of hydrogen from the gas hydrogen storage tank will cause a certain amount of hydrogen surplus loss. In the later stage of the hydrogen release process, the release speed will slow down due to the reduction of the residual pressure in the gas cylinder.

[0003] The use of liquid organic matter and solid metal alloys to store and release hydrogen is a hot topic in hydrogen storage research. The hydrogen storage products of liquid organic matter and solid metal alloys are stable compounds under normal pressure, which greatly improves the safety of hydrogen storage, especially when it comes to hydrogen storage applications in energy, power generation and other industries. Its safety advantage is even more important. However, there is currently a lack of research and understanding in the industry on the coupling of liquid organic matter and solid metal hydrogen storage with front-end hydrogen production and terminal hydrogen energy utilization needs, and there is a lack of hydrogen storage and filling system design and operation plans that can guide actual production and operation. In addition, water electrolysis is currently the best way to achieve large-scale green hydrogen production, but the equipment cost of water electrolysis is relatively high. In practical applications, the capacity configuration of water electrolysis equipment should be minimized while meeting the needs, so as to improve equipment utilization and reduce investment costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. The embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen production, storage and filling system and a configuration method. Under the premise of the lowest capacity configuration of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, the capacity configuration of the hydrogen storage and desorption facilities is determined according to the demand scale and the characteristics of the hydrogen storage materials. By using hydrogen storage materials with different thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of hydrogen absorption and desorption, hydrogen absorption from the gas source, hydrogen release at the terminal and hydrogen transmission between materials in the internal links are realized in a gradient manner, so as to meet the production needs with an economical capacity configuration, and a corresponding hydrogen storage and desorption operation method is provided.

[0005] In view of this, according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen production, storage and filling system is proposed, comprising:

[0006] A hydrogen production unit for producing hydrogen;

[0007] A hydrogen storage unit, whose input end is connected to the output end of the hydrogen production unit; the hydrogen storage unit comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage modules connected in parallel; the hydrogen storage module comprises a first reactor provided with a first hydrogen inlet and a first hydrogen outlet, a hydrogen storage material is provided in the first reactor for absorbing or releasing hydrogen; the first hydrogen inlet is connected to the input end of the hydrogen storage unit, and the first hydrogen outlet is connected to the output end of the hydrogen storage unit;

[0008] A hydrogen release unit, whose input end is connected to the output end of the hydrogen storage unit; the hydrogen release unit includes a plurality of hydrogen release modules connected in parallel; the hydrogen release module includes a second reactor provided with a second hydrogen inlet and a second hydrogen outlet, and a hydrogen release material is provided in the second reactor for absorbing or releasing hydrogen; the second hydrogen inlet is connected to the input end of the hydrogen release unit, and the second hydrogen outlet is connected to the output end of the hydrogen release unit; and

[0009] The hydrogen-using unit has an input end connected to the output ends of the hydrogen-producing unit and the hydrogen-releasing unit respectively, and is used to consume hydrogen.

[0010] In some embodiments, the hydrogen storage material has the ability to store and release hydrogen, and the average hydrogen release rate is less than or equal to its average hydrogen storage rate. The number of hydrogen storage modules is

[0011] N 储 =[(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*A 储 ];

[0012] The mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage module is m 0储 =q1 / w 1储 / A 储 ;

[0013] Where m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 <α 储 ;minA 储 = <m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 >

[0014] Where m 1储 =(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*q1 / w 1储 ;

[0015] where w 1储 is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2储 A is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; 储is an integer representing that the demand for hydrogen consumption can be met when A hydrogen storage modules absorb hydrogen at the same time; [] is the rounded-up value; <> is the rounded-down value; q1 is the hydrogen inflow flow rate of the hydrogen storage unit, in kg / h; m 1储 is the minimum value of the total mass of the hydrogen storage materials in the hydrogen storage unit; α 储 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen storage material and the actual mass of the hydrogen storage material, and its value is 5%-10%.

[0016] In some embodiments, the total mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage unit is m2=N 储 *m 0储 ;m 0储 is the mass of the hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage module; where N 储 is the number of the hydrogen storage modules in the hydrogen storage unit.

[0017] In some embodiments, the hydrogen-discharging material has the ability to store and release hydrogen, and the average hydrogen-discharging rate is greater than or equal to its average hydrogen-storing rate. The number of the hydrogen-discharging modules is

[0018] N 放 =[(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*A 放 ];

[0019] The mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption module is m 0放 =q4 / w 1放 / A 放 ;

[0020] Where m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 <α 放 ;minA 放 = <m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 >

[0021] Where m 1放 =(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*q4 / w 1放 ;

[0022] where w 1放 is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen release material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2放 A is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen-releasing material, in kgH2 / kg / h; 放is an integer representing that the hydrogen delivery demand can be met when A hydrogen desorption modules desorb hydrogen simultaneously; [] is the value rounded up; <> is the value rounded down; q4 is the hydrogen desorption flow rate of the hydrogen desorption unit, in kg / h; m 1放 is the minimum value of the total mass of the hydrogen desorption materials in the hydrogen desorption unit; α 放 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen desorption material and the actual mass of the hydrogen desorption material, and its value is 5%-10%.

[0023] In some embodiments, the total mass of the hydrogenation material in the hydrogenation unit is m3=N 放 *m 0放 ;

[0024] m 0放 is the mass of the hydrogenation material in a single hydrogenation module; wherein N 放 is the number of the hydrogen discharge modules in the hydrogen discharge unit.

[0025] In some embodiments, flow regulating valves are respectively disposed on the first hydrogen inlet, the first hydrogen outlet, the second hydrogen inlet, and the second hydrogen outlet.

[0026] In some embodiments, the hydrogen production, storage and filling system also includes a plurality of voltage-switching mitigation devices; wherein the voltage-switching mitigation devices are respectively arranged between the output end of the hydrogen production unit and the input end of the hydrogen storage unit, between the output end of the hydrogen production unit and the input end of the hydrogen consumption unit, between the output end of the hydrogen release unit and the input end of the hydrogen consumption unit, and between the output end of the hydrogen storage unit and the input end of the hydrogen release unit.

[0027] According to two aspects of the embodiments of the present invention, a configuration method of a hydrogen production, storage and filling system is provided, and configuring any of the above-mentioned systems includes:

[0028] The total investment of the hydrogen production, storage and filling system is calculated as E = E1 + E2 + E3;

[0029] E1=k1(Q)Q;

[0030] E2=k2(m2)m2;

[0031] E3=k3(m3)m3;

[0032] Wherein, E1 is the investment in the hydrogen production unit, E2 is the investment in the hydrogen storage unit, and E3 is the investment in the hydrogen desorption unit; k1 is the investment coefficient of the hydrogen production unit, k2 is the investment coefficient of the hydrogen storage unit, and k3 is the investment coefficient of the hydrogen storage unit; Q is the production capacity of the hydrogen production unit, in kg / h, m2 is the total mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage unit; and m3 is the total mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption unit.

[0033] In some embodiments, the total mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage unit is determined as m2=N 储 *m 0储 ;

[0034] N 储 =[(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*A 储 ];

[0035] m 0储 =q1 / w 1储 / A 储 ;

[0036] Where m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 <α 储 ;minA 储 = <m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 >

[0037] m 1储 =(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*q1 / w 1储 ;

[0038] Where m 0储 w is the mass of the hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage module; 1储 is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2储 A is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; 储 is an integer representing that the demand for hydrogen consumption can be met when A hydrogen storage modules absorb hydrogen at the same time; [] is the rounded-up value; <> is the rounded-down value; q1 is the hydrogen inflow flow rate of the hydrogen storage unit, in kg / h; m 1储 is the minimum value of the total mass of the hydrogen storage materials in the hydrogen storage unit; α 储 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen storage material and the actual mass of the hydrogen storage material, and its value is 5%-10%.

[0039] In some embodiments, the total mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption unit is determined by:

[0040] m3=N 放 *m 0放 ;

[0041] N 放 =[(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*A 放 ];

[0042] The mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption module is m 0放 =q4 / w 1放 / A 放 ;

[0043] Where m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 <α 放 ;minA 放 = <m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 >

[0044] m 1放 =(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*q4 / w 1放 ;

[0045] Where N 放 The number of hydrogen discharge modules; m 0放 is the mass of the hydrogen desorption material in a single hydrogen desorption module, w 1放 is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen release material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2放 A is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen-releasing material, in kgH2 / kg / h; 放 is an integer representing that the hydrogen delivery demand can be met when A hydrogen desorption modules desorb hydrogen simultaneously; [] is the value rounded up; <> is the value rounded down; q4 is the hydrogen desorption flow rate of the hydrogen desorption unit, in kg / h; m 1放 is the minimum value of the total mass of the hydrogen desorption materials in the hydrogen desorption unit; α 放 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen desorption material and the actual mass of the hydrogen desorption material, and its value is 5%-10%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0047] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hydrogen production, storage and filling system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen storage unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen release unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Reference numerals

[0051] Hydrogen production unit 1, hydrogen storage unit 2, hydrogen release unit 3, hydrogen use unit 4, flow control valve 5,

[0052] A first hydrogen inlet 21, a first hydrogen outlet 22, a first reactor 23,

[0053] A second hydrogen inlet 41 , a second hydrogen outlet 42 , and a second reactor 43 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0055] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a hydrogen production, storage and filling system is proposed, comprising a hydrogen production unit 1, a hydrogen storage unit 2, a hydrogen release unit 3 and a hydrogen use unit 4, wherein the hydrogen production unit 1 is used to prepare hydrogen, and its output end is respectively connected to the input ends of the hydrogen storage unit 2 and the hydrogen use unit 4; wherein the input end of the hydrogen storage unit 2 is connected to the output end of the hydrogen production unit 1, and is used to receive the hydrogen delivered by the hydrogen production unit 1 and inhale hydrogen to realize hydrogen storage, while the output end of the hydrogen storage unit 2 is connected to the input end of the hydrogen release unit 3, and hydrogen is delivered thereto to realize hydrogen release; the hydrogen release unit 3 receives the hydrogen delivered by the hydrogen storage unit 2 and inhales hydrogen, and its output end is connected to the input end of the hydrogen use unit 4 for outputting hydrogen to the hydrogen use unit 4 to realize hydrogen release; the hydrogen use unit 4, whose input end is respectively connected to the output ends of the hydrogen production unit 1 and the hydrogen release unit 3, is used to consume hydrogen.

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen production, storage and filling system using electrolytic hydrogen production, solid alloy or organic liquid hydrogen storage material as hydrogen storage and desorption materials, and provides a configuration method of the hydrogen production, storage and filling system based on hydrogen demand and material properties. Through the coordinated cooperation between the hydrogen production unit, the hydrogen storage unit and the hydrogen desorption unit, the minimum total investment is achieved under the condition of meeting the hydrogen demand, thereby saving investment costs. At the same time, the influence of temperature and pressure on the working characteristics and total investment of the hydrogen storage and desorption materials is considered, and a selection scheme for the optimal working condition is provided, so that the hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen desorption materials in the system are in a dynamic cycle of hydrogen absorption, storage and desorption, and all hydrogen storage modules and hydrogen desorption modules are fully utilized.

[0059] Advantageously, the hydrogen production, storage and filling system further includes a plurality of pressure-switching and easing devices, wherein pressure-switching and easing devices are respectively arranged between the output end of the hydrogen production unit 1 and the input end of the hydrogen storage unit 2, between the output end of the hydrogen production unit 1 and the input end of the hydrogen use unit 4, between the output end of the hydrogen release unit 3 and the input end of the hydrogen use unit 4, and between the output end of the hydrogen storage unit 2 and the input end of the hydrogen release unit 3. The pressure-switching and easing device can not only temporarily buffer hydrogen to prevent the waste of hydrogen venting caused by the mismatch between the output and input amounts, but also realize the function of pressure conversion, converting the pressure of the outlet hydrogen to a pressure suitable for the downstream unit.

[0060] Specific as Figure 2 As shown, the hydrogen storage unit 2 includes a plurality of hydrogen storage modules 4 connected in parallel; the hydrogen storage module 4 includes a first reactor 23 provided with a first hydrogen inlet 21 and a first hydrogen outlet 22, that is, the plurality of first reactors 23 are connected in parallel, and each first hydrogen inlet 21 is connected to the input end of the hydrogen storage unit 2, and each first hydrogen outlet 22 is connected to the output end of the hydrogen storage unit 2. Advantageously, a flow regulating valve 5 is provided on the straight pipe of each first hydrogen inlet 21 and the first hydrogen outlet 22, which can adjust the flow of hydrogen on the pipeline or adjust the switch state of the pipeline.

[0061] The first reactor 23 is provided with a hydrogen storage material, and a certain amount of hydrogen storage material is provided in the first reactor 23, so that the hydrogen storage material can absorb or release hydrogen at a certain temperature and pressure. Optionally, the hydrogen storage material is an organic liquid or solid hydrogen storage alloy with hydrogen storage and release capabilities.

[0062] It should be noted that the quality of the hydrogen storage material of the hydrogen storage unit 2 and the number of hydrogen storage modules 4 need to be determined according to the properties of the hydrogen storage material such as hydrogen storage density, hydrogen absorption rate, hydrogen release rate and the needs of the hydrogen unit 4.

[0063] In some embodiments, the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage material is less than or equal to its average hydrogen storage rate, and the number of hydrogen storage modules is

[0064] N 储 =[(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*A 储 ];

[0065] The mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage module is m 0储 =q1 / w 1储 / A 储 ;

[0066] Where m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 <α 储 ; among which minA 储 = <m1储 / N 储 m 0储 >

[0067] Where m 1储 =(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*q1 / w 1储 ;

[0068] The total mass of hydrogen storage material in hydrogen storage unit 2 is m2 = N 储 *m 0储 ;

[0069] Where m 0储 is the mass of hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage module; w 1储 is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2储 is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; A 储 is an integer representing that the demand for hydrogen consumption can be met when A hydrogen storage modules absorb hydrogen at the same time; [] is the rounded-up value; <> is the rounded-down value; q1 is the hydrogen flow rate of hydrogen storage unit 2, in kg / h; m 1储 is the minimum value of the total mass of hydrogen storage materials in hydrogen storage unit 2; α 储 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen storage material and the actual mass of the hydrogen storage material, and its value is 5%-10%.

[0070] The number of hydrogen storage modules and the mass of the hydrogen storage material in each hydrogen storage module can be calculated based on the average hydrogen release rate and the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage material, thereby obtaining the capacity setting of the hydrogen storage unit 2.

[0071] Similarly, the hydrogen release unit 3 can be configured as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen release unit 3 includes a plurality of hydrogen release modules in parallel; the hydrogen release module 4 includes a second reactor 43 provided with a second hydrogen inlet 41 and a second hydrogen outlet 42, that is, a plurality of second reactors 43 are connected in parallel, and the second hydrogen inlet 41 of each second reactor 43 is connected to the output end of the hydrogen production unit 1; the first hydrogen outlet 22 of each first reactor 23 is the input end of the hydrogen release unit 3, and the second hydrogen outlet 42 is connected to the output end of the hydrogen release unit 3. Advantageously, a flow regulating valve 5 is provided on the straight pipe of each second hydrogen inlet 41 and the second hydrogen outlet 42, which can adjust the flow of hydrogen on the pipeline or adjust the switch state of the pipeline.

[0072] The second reactor 43 is provided with a dehydrogenating material, and a certain amount of the dehydrogenating material is provided in the second reactor 43, so that the dehydrogenating material can absorb or release hydrogen at a certain temperature and pressure. Optionally, the dehydrogenating material is an organic liquid or solid hydrogen storage alloy with hydrogen storage and dehydrogenation capabilities.

[0073] It should be noted that the quality of the hydrogen desorption material of the hydrogen desorption unit 3 and the number of hydrogen desorption modules need to be determined according to the properties of the hydrogen desorption material such as hydrogen storage density, hydrogen absorption speed, hydrogen desorption speed and the requirements of the hydrogen using unit 4 .

[0074] In some embodiments, the hydrogen-discharging material has the ability to store and release hydrogen, and the average hydrogen-discharging rate is greater than or equal to its average hydrogen-storing rate, and the number of hydrogen-discharging modules is

[0075] N 放 =[(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*A 放 ];

[0076] The mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption module is m 0放 =q4 / w 1放 / A 放 ;

[0077] Where m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 <α 放 ;minA 放 = <m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 >

[0078] Where m 1放 =(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*q4 / w 1放 ;

[0079] The total mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption unit 3 is m3 = N 放 *m 0放 ;

[0080] Where m 0放 is the mass of hydrogen desorption material in a single hydrogen desorption module, w 1放 is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen release material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2放 is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen-releasing material, in kgH2 / kg / h; A 放 is an integer representing that the hydrogen delivery demand can be met when A hydrogen desorption modules desorb hydrogen at the same time; [] is the value rounded up; <> is the value rounded down; q4 is the desorption flow rate of hydrogen desorption unit 3, in kg / h; m 1放 is the minimum value of the total mass of hydrogen desorption materials in the hydrogen desorption unit 3; α 放 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen desorption material and the actual mass of the hydrogen desorption material, and the value is 5%-10%.

[0081] The number of hydrogen release modules and the mass of hydrogen release material in each hydrogen release module can be calculated according to the average hydrogen release rate and the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen release material, thereby obtaining the capacity setting of the hydrogen release unit 3 .

[0082] According to two aspects of an embodiment of the present invention, a configuration method of a hydrogen production, storage and filling system is provided, and the configuration is as described in any of the above systems, including:

[0083] The total investment of the hydrogen production, storage and filling system is calculated as E = E1 + E2 + E3;

[0084] E1=k1(Q)Q;

[0085] E2=k2(m2)m2;

[0086] E3=k3(m3)m3;

[0087] Where E1 is the investment of hydrogen production unit 1, E2 is the investment of hydrogen storage unit 2, and E3 is the investment of hydrogen desorption unit 3; k1 is the investment coefficient of hydrogen production unit 1, k2 is the investment coefficient of hydrogen storage unit 2, and k3 is the investment coefficient of hydrogen storage unit 2; Q is the production capacity of hydrogen production unit 1, in kg / h, m2 is the total mass of hydrogen storage materials in hydrogen storage unit 2; m3 is the total mass of hydrogen desorption materials in hydrogen desorption unit 3. For example, (Q) means that k1 is a function of Q and will change with the change of Q; (m2) and (m3) have the same meaning as (Q), and will not be repeated.

[0088] At a certain moment t, the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen using unit 4 is q; the hydrogen supply amounts of the hydrogen production unit 1 to the hydrogen storage unit 2 and the hydrogen using unit 4 are q1 and q3 respectively; the hydrogen supply amounts of the hydrogen storage unit 2 to the hydrogen desorption unit 3 are q2; the hydrogen supply amount of the hydrogen desorption unit 3 to the hydrogen using unit 4 is q4. In order to reduce the standby hydrogen storage capacity, q1 is controlled to be less than or equal to q3.

[0089] Under the condition of meeting the flow demand of terminal hydrogen, the parameters are determined based on the principle of minimum total investment: Q, m2, m3.

[0090] The method for determining the mass m2 of the hydrogen storage material of the hydrogen storage unit 2 is as follows:

[0091] Obtain the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristic curves of the hydrogen storage material, specifically the hydrogen storage density-pressure curve at different temperatures, and the hydrogen absorption / desorption-time isotherms at different temperatures and pressures. The data can be provided by the material manufacturer or obtained through PCT testing and other methods.

[0092] Select the hydrogen storage temperature, pressure and hydrogen desorption temperature and pressure on the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristic curves of the hydrogen storage material to obtain the corresponding hydrogen storage and desorption density d 1储 (wt%), according to the hydrogen storage density d 1储(wt%) to determine the average hydrogen absorption rate w 1储 (kgH2 / kg / h) and average hydrogen release rate w 2储 (kgH2 / kg / h), specifically:

[0093] S1: first determine the dehydrogenation temperature and dehydrogenation pressure of the hydrogen storage material, wherein the dehydrogenation temperature is preferably 20-200°C, wherein 20-200°C can be understood as selecting a fixed value within the range of 20°C, 40°C, 80°C, 100°C, 150°C, 130°C, 180°C or 200°C, and the dehydrogenation pressure can be selected within the range of 0.1MPa-5MPa under vacuum;

[0094] S2: Determine the hydrogen storage and desorption density d on the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristic curves according to the desorption temperature and desorption pressure of the hydrogen storage material. 1储 (wt%) and average hydrogen release rate w 2储 (kgH2 / kg / h);

[0095] S3: Set the hydrogen storage temperature of the hydrogen storage material to be consistent with the hydrogen release temperature, and select the hydrogen storage pressure so that w 1储 > or = w 2储 , where w 1储 (kgH2 / kg / h) is the average hydrogen storage rate determined on the kinetic characteristic curve.

[0096] According to the hydrogen inlet flow rate q1 of hydrogen storage unit 2, the capacity of hydrogen storage unit 2 is calculated as follows:

[0097] N 储 =[(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*A 储 ];

[0098] The mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage module is m 0储 =q1 / w 1储 / A 储 ;

[0099] Where m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 <α 储 ;minA 储 = <m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 >

[0100] Where m 1储 =(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*q1 / w 1储 ;

[0101] The total mass of hydrogen storage material in hydrogen storage unit 2 is m2 = N 储 *m 0储 ;

[0102] Where m 0储 is the mass of hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage module; w 1储 is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2储 is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; A 储 is an integer representing that the demand for hydrogen consumption can be met when A hydrogen storage modules absorb hydrogen at the same time; [] is the rounded-up value; <> is the rounded-down value; q1 is the hydrogen flow rate of hydrogen storage unit 2, in kg / h; m 1储 is the minimum value of the total mass of hydrogen storage materials in hydrogen storage unit 2; α 储 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the hydrogen storage material mass and the actual hydrogen storage material mass, and its value is 5%-10%.

[0103] The method for determining the mass m3 of the hydrogen discharge unit 3 is as follows:

[0104] Obtain the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristic curves of the hydrogen desorption material, specifically the hydrogen storage density-pressure curve at different temperatures of the hydrogen desorption material, and the hydrogen absorption / desorption amount-time isotherms at different temperatures and pressures. This data can be provided by the material manufacturer or obtained through PCT testing and other methods.

[0105] Select the hydrogen storage temperature, pressure and hydrogen desorption temperature, pressure on the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristic curves of the hydrogen desorption material to obtain the corresponding hydrogen storage and desorption density d 1放 (wt%), according to the hydrogen storage density d 1放 (wt%) to determine the average hydrogen release rate w 1放 (kgH2 / kg / h) and average hydrogen storage rate w 2放 (kgH2 / kg / h):

[0106] S1: first determine the hydrogen storage temperature and hydrogen storage pressure. Preferably, the hydrogen storage temperature is preferably 20-200°C, wherein 20-200°C can be understood as selecting a fixed value within the range of 20°C, 40°C, 80°C, 100°C, 150°C, 130°C, 180°C or 200°C, and the hydrogen storage pressure can be selected between normal pressure 0MPa-10MPa;

[0107] S2: Determine the hydrogen storage and desorption density d on the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristic curves according to the hydrogen storage temperature and desorption pressure 1放 (wt%) and average hydrogen storage rate w 2放 (kgH2 / kg / h);

[0108] S3: Set the hydrogen storage temperature of the hydrogen release material to be consistent with the hydrogen release temperature, and select the pressure so that w 1放 > or = w 2放 , w 1放 (kgH2 / kg / h) is the average hydrogen release rate determined on the kinetic characteristic curve.

[0109] According to the hydrogen discharge flow rate q4 of the hydrogen discharge unit 3, the capacity of the hydrogen discharge unit 3 is calculated as follows:

[0110] The number of hydrogen discharge modules is N 放 =[(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*A 放 ];

[0111] The mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption module is m 0放 =q4 / w 1放 / A 放 ;

[0112] Where m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 <α 放 ;minA 放 = <m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 >

[0113] Where m 1放 =(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*q4 / w 1放 ;

[0114] The total mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption unit 3 is m3 = N 放 *m 0放 ;

[0115] Where m 0放 is the mass of hydrogen desorption material in a single hydrogen desorption module, w 1放 is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen release material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2放 is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen-releasing material, in kgH2 / kg / h; A 放 is an integer representing that the hydrogen delivery demand can be met when A hydrogen desorption modules desorb hydrogen at the same time; [] is the value rounded up; <> is the value rounded down; q4 is the desorption flow rate of hydrogen desorption unit 3, in kg / h; m 1放 is the minimum value of the total mass of hydrogen desorption materials in the hydrogen desorption unit 3; α 放 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen desorption material and the actual mass of the hydrogen desorption material, and the value is 5%-10%.

[0116] The embodiment of the present invention provides a configuration of a hydrogen production, storage and charging system that can meet the flow demand of terminal hydrogen with minimal investment through the coordinated cooperation of a hydrogen production unit 1, a hydrogen storage unit 2 and a hydrogen release unit 3. By selecting the hydrogen storage and release pressure and temperature, the hydrogen storage unit stores hydrogen quickly and releases hydrogen slowly; in the hydrogen release unit, hydrogen release is fast and hydrogen storage is slow, so the hydrogen storage unit is directly connected to the hydrogen production unit to assume the hydrogen storage function; the hydrogen release unit is directly connected to the hydrogen use unit to assume the hydrogen release function.

[0117] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0118] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0119] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0120] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0121] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "embodiment", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0122] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen production, storage and filling system, characterized in that: include: A hydrogen production unit for producing hydrogen; A hydrogen storage unit, whose input end is connected to the output end of the hydrogen production unit; the hydrogen storage unit includes a plurality of parallel hydrogen storage modules; the hydrogen storage module includes a first reactor provided with a first hydrogen inlet and a first hydrogen outlet, and a hydrogen storage material is provided in the first reactor for absorbing or releasing hydrogen; the first hydrogen inlet is connected to the input end of the hydrogen storage unit, and the first hydrogen outlet is connected to the output end of the hydrogen storage unit; the hydrogen storage material has the ability to store and release hydrogen, and its average hydrogen release rate is less than or equal to its average hydrogen storage rate, and the number of the hydrogen storage modules is N 储 =[(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*A 储 ]; The mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage module is m 0储 =q1 / w 1储 / A 储 ; Where m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 <α 储 ;minA 储 = <m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 > Where m 1储 =(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*q1 / w 1储 ; where w 1储 is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2储 A is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; 储 is an integer representing that the demand for hydrogen consumption can be met when A hydrogen storage modules absorb hydrogen at the same time; [] is the rounded-up value; <> is the rounded-down value; q1 is the hydrogen inflow flow rate of the hydrogen storage unit, in kg / h; m 1储 is the minimum value of the total mass of the hydrogen storage materials in the hydrogen storage unit; α 储 is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen storage material and the actual mass of the hydrogen storage material, and is set at 5%-10%; The total mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage unit is m2=N 储 *m 0储 ; Where m 0储 is the mass of the hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage module; where N 储 is the number of the hydrogen storage modules in the hydrogen storage unit; A hydrogen release unit, whose input end is connected to the output end of the hydrogen storage unit; the hydrogen release unit includes a plurality of hydrogen release modules connected in parallel; the hydrogen release module includes a second reactor provided with a second hydrogen inlet and a second hydrogen outlet, and a hydrogen release material is provided in the second reactor for absorbing or releasing hydrogen; the second hydrogen inlet is connected to the input end of the hydrogen release unit, and the second hydrogen outlet is connected to the output end of the hydrogen release unit; the hydrogen release material has the ability to store and release hydrogen, and its average hydrogen release speed is greater than or equal to its average hydrogen storage speed, and the number of the hydrogen release modules is N 放 =[(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*A 放 ]; The mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption module is m 0放 =q4 / w 1放 / A 放 ; Where m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 <α 放 ;minA 放 = <m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 > Where m 1放 =(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*q4 / w 1放 ; where w 1放 is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen release material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2放 A is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen-releasing material, in kgH2 / kg / h; 放 is an integer representing that the hydrogen delivery demand can be met when A hydrogen desorption modules desorb hydrogen simultaneously; [] is the value rounded up; <> is the value rounded down; q4 is the hydrogen desorption flow rate of the hydrogen desorption unit, in kg / h; m 1放 is the minimum value of the total mass of the hydrogen desorption materials in the hydrogen desorption unit; α 放 is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen desorption material and the actual mass of the hydrogen desorption material, and is set at 5%-10%; The total mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption unit is m3=N 放 *m 0放 ; m 0放 is the mass of the hydrogenation material in a single hydrogenation module; wherein N 放 is the number of the hydrogen discharge modules in the hydrogen discharge unit; and The hydrogen-using unit has an input end connected to the output ends of the hydrogen-producing unit and the hydrogen-releasing unit respectively, and is used to consume hydrogen.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that Flow regulating valves are respectively arranged on the first hydrogen inlet, the first hydrogen outlet, the second hydrogen inlet and the second hydrogen outlet.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a plurality of voltage-change easing devices; wherein the voltage-change easing devices are respectively arranged between the output end of the hydrogen production unit and the input end of the hydrogen storage unit, between the output end of the hydrogen production unit and the input end of the hydrogen use unit, between the output end of the hydrogen release unit and the input end of the hydrogen use unit, and between the output end of the hydrogen storage unit and the input end of the hydrogen release unit.

4. A method for configuring a hydrogen production, storage and filling system, characterized in that: The system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 is configured to produce, store and charge hydrogen, including: The total investment of the hydrogen production, storage and filling system is calculated as E = E1 + E2 + E3; E1=k1(Q)Q; E2=k2(m2)m2; E3=k3(m3)m3; Wherein E1 is the investment of the hydrogen production unit, E2 is the investment of the hydrogen storage unit, and E3 is the investment of the hydrogen release unit; k1 is the investment coefficient of the hydrogen production unit, k2 is the investment coefficient of the hydrogen storage unit, and k3 is the investment coefficient of the hydrogen storage unit; Q is the production capacity of the hydrogen production unit, in kg / h, m2 is the total mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage unit; m3 is the total mass of the hydrogen release material in the hydrogen release unit; Under the condition of meeting the flow demand of terminal hydrogen, the parameters are determined based on the principle of minimum total investment: Q, m2, m3.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The total mass of the hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage unit is determined as m2=N 储 *m 0储 ; N 储 =[(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*A 储 ]; m 0储 =q1 / w 1储 / A 储 ; Where m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 <α 储 ;minA 储 = <m 1储 / N 储 m 0储 > m 1储 =(w 1储 / w 2储 +1)*q1 / w 1储 ; Where m 0储 w is the mass of the hydrogen storage material in a single hydrogen storage module; 1储 is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2储 A is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen storage material, in kgH2 / kg / h; 储 is an integer representing that at least A hydrogen storage modules can meet the demand for hydrogen consumption when absorbing hydrogen at the same time; [] is the rounded-up value; <> is the rounded-down value; q1 is the hydrogen inflow flow rate of the hydrogen storage unit, in kg / h; m 1储 is the minimum value of the total mass of the hydrogen storage materials in the hydrogen storage unit; α 储 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen storage material and the actual mass of the hydrogen storage material, and its value is 5%-10%.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The total mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption unit is determined by: m3=N 放 *m 0放 ; N 放 =[(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*A 放 ]; The mass of the hydrogen desorption material in the hydrogen desorption module is m 0放 =q4 / w 1放 / A 放 ; Where m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 <α 放 ;minA 放 = <m 1放 / N 放 m 0放 > m 1放 =(w 1放 / w 2放 +1)*q4 / w 1放 ; Where N 放 The number of hydrogen discharge modules; m 0放 is the mass of the hydrogen desorption material in a single hydrogen desorption module, w 1放 is the average hydrogen release rate of the hydrogen release material, in kgH2 / kg / h; w 2放 A is the average hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen-releasing material, in kgH2 / kg / h; 放 is an integer representing that the hydrogen delivery demand can be met when A hydrogen desorption modules desorb hydrogen simultaneously; [] is the value rounded up; <> is the value rounded down; q4 is the hydrogen desorption flow rate of the hydrogen desorption unit, in kg / h; m 1放 is the minimum value of the total mass of the hydrogen desorption materials in the hydrogen desorption unit; α 放 It is the deviation between the minimum value of the mass of the hydrogen desorption material and the actual mass of the hydrogen desorption material, and its value is 5%-10%.

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