Method and apparatus for power control

Abstract

A method and apparatus for power control are disclosed, the method comprising transmitting an uplink signal, wherein the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined according to a power control scheme, and the power control scheme is selected from at least one of an open-loop power control scheme, a first closed-loop power control scheme, a second closed-loop power scheme with a power ramp step selection, a third closed-loop power scheme with a scaling factor of a power adjustment indicator, and a fourth closed-loop power scheme employing a power adjustment indicator corresponding to a subsequent uplink signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present application generally relate to wireless communication technologies, and more particularly, to methods and devices for power control in NarrowBand Internet of Things (NB-IoT). Background Art

[0002] The following abbreviations and acronyms are defined herein, at least some of which are referred to in the following description.

[0003] Third Generation Partnership Project (“3GPP”), Cyclic Redundancy Check (“CRC”), Downlink Control Information (“DCI”), Downlink (“DL”), Downlink Pilot Time Slot (“DwPTS”), Evolved Node B (“eNB”), 5G Node B (“gNB”), European Telecommunications Standards Institute (“ETSI”), Frequency Division Duplexing (“FDD”), Frequency Division Multiplexing (“FDM”), Frequency Division Multiple Access (“FDMA”), Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (“HARQ”), Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest - ACKnowledgement (“HARQ-ACK”), Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest - Negative ACKnowledgement (“HARQ-NACK”), Information Element (“IE”), Long Term Evolution (“LTE”), LTE-Advanced (“LTE-A”), Media Access Control (“MAC”), Master Information Block (“MIB”), Machine Type Communication (“MTC”), MTC Physical Downlink Control Channel (“MPDCCH”), NarrowBand Internet of Things (“NB-IoT”), NarrowBand Physical Uplink Control Channel (“NPDCCH”), NarrowBand Physical Uplink Shared Channel (“NPUSCH”), New Radio (“NR”), Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (“PCFICH”), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (“PDSCH”), Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (“PHICH”), Physical Uplink Control Channel (“PUCCH”), Physical Uplink Shared Channel (“PUSCH”), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (“QPSK”), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (“QAM”), Radio Resource Control (“RRC”), Received Signal Strength Indicator (“RSSI”), Reference Signal Received Power (“RSRP”), Reference Signal Received Quality (“RSRQ”), Receive (“RX”), Radio Network Temporary Identifier (“RNTI”), Redundancy Version (“RV”), Single Cell Point-to-Multipoint System (“SC-PTM”), System Information Block (“SIB”), Transport Block (“TB”), Time Division Duplexing (“TDD”), Time Division Multiplexing (“TDM”), Transmit (“TX”), User Equipment / Device (Mobile Terminal) (“UE”), Uplink (“UL”), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (“UMTS”), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (“SC-FDMA”), Transmission Power Control (“TPC”), Resource Unit (“RU”), NarrowBand Reference Signal (“NSR”).

[0004] NB-IoT is a standards-based low power wide area (LPWA) technology that has been developed to enable a wide range of new IoT devices and services. NB-IoT significantly improves the power consumption, system capacity, and spectral efficiency of user devices. For a wide range of use cases, battery life of more than 10 years can be supported.

[0005] Power control includes open-loop power control and closed-loop power control. For LTE and NB-IoT systems, uplink power control determines the average power on the SC-FDMA symbols in which the physical channel is transmitted. The closed-loop power control scheme is the most important power control scheme in the LTE system. In the Rel.17 NB-IoT system, it is proposed to introduce a feedback channel for the NB-IoT system, so a closed-loop power control scheme can also be introduced to improve the power consumption of the UE using the feedback information. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for power control in an NB-IoT system.

[0007] Embodiments of the present application provide a method. The method may include: transmitting an uplink signal, where the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined according to a power control scheme, and the power control scheme is selected from at least one of an open-loop power control scheme, a first closed-loop power control scheme, a second closed-loop power scheme with a power ramp step selection, a third closed-loop power scheme with a scaling factor of a power adjustment indicator, and a fourth closed-loop power scheme that employs a power adjustment indicator corresponding to a subsequent uplink signal.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, the power control scheme is selected based on at least one of the subcarrier spacing of the uplink signal, the scheduling delay, the resource unit (RU) size of the uplink signal, the repetition number of the uplink signal, the transmission gap, radio resource control (RRC) signaling, and a threshold.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present application, the first closed-loop power control scheme is a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by a power adjustment indicator indicated by a control signal.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the second closed-loop power control scheme is a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by a power adjustment indicator indicated by a control signal, and the power adjustment indicator is determined based on at least one of the scheduling delay, the RU size of the uplink signal, the repetition number of the uplink signal, the transmission gap, RRC signaling, and a threshold.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the third closed-loop power scheme with a scaling factor having a power adjustment indicator is a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the power adjustment indicator and the scaling factor indicated by a control signal. The scaling factor is configured by a higher layer, and the scaling factor is determined based on at least one of scheduling delay, RU size of the uplink signal, number of repetitions of the uplink signal, transmission gap, RRC signaling, and a threshold. The threshold is configured by RRC signaling or is fixed.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the fourth closed-loop power scheme that employs a power adjustment indicator corresponding to a subsequent uplink signal is a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by a control signal corresponding to the uplink signal and a first number of power adjustment indicators indicated by a subsequent uplink signal that is later than the uplink signal. The first number is determined by the maximum hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process number. The control signal is between a second number of time units before a previous uplink signal of the uplink signal and a third number of time units before the uplink signal, and wherein the second number and the third number are fixed numbers or minimum scheduling delays or are configured by RRC signaling.

[0013] Another embodiment of the present application provides a device. The device may include at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium having computer-executable instructions stored therein; at least one receiver; at least one transmitter; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium, the at least one receiver, and the at least one transmitter; the computer-executable instructions are programmed to implement the above method using the at least one receiver, the at least one transmitter, and the at least one processor.

[0014] Embodiments of the present application can select a flexible power control scheme according to parameters such as, for example, scheduling delay, RU size of the uplink signal, number of repetitions of the uplink signal, transmission gap, etc. In addition, for uplink transmission power control, a more accurate and subsequent uplink grant power adjustment indication can be adopted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] To describe the manner in which the advantages and features of the present application can be obtained, a description of the present application is presented by reference to specific embodiments of the present application shown in the drawings. These drawings only depict exemplary embodiments of the present application and are therefore not considered to limit its scope.

[0016] Figure 1 A wireless communication system according to some embodiments of the present application is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of NPDCCH scheduling NPUSCH format 1 according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an example of channel variation of PUSCH transmission duration according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an example of NPDCCH scheduling NPUSCH format 1 with 2 HARQ processes according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of TDD configuration 1 according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of an example of PDCCH scheduling PUSCH according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram showing another example of PDCCH scheduling PUSCH according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 8 Flowchart showing a method for uplink power control according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 9 Schematic diagram showing another example of PDCCH scheduling PUSCH according to some embodiments of the present application; and

[0025] Figure 10 Schematic diagram showing a device according to some embodiments of the present application. Detailed description of specific embodiments

[0026] The detailed description of the drawings is intended as a description of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to represent the only form in which the present application can be practiced. It should be understood that the same or equivalent functions can be achieved by different embodiments, which are intended to be included within the spirit and scope of the present application.

[0027] Reference will now be made in detail to some embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing a wireless communication system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , the wireless communication system 100 may include a user equipment (UE) 101 and a base station (BS) 102. Although in Figure 1A specific number of UEs 101 and BSs 102 are described, but it is contemplated that any number of UEs 101 and BSs 102 may be included in the wireless communication system 100.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the BS 102 may also be referred to as an access point, access terminal, base, base unit, macro cell, Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), gNB, master Node B, relay node, or device, or described using other terms used in the art. The BS 102 is generally part of a radio access network that may include one or more controllers communicatively coupled to one or more corresponding BSs 102.

[0031] The UE 101 may communicate directly with the BS 102 via an uplink communication signal. The UE 101 may be referred to as a user unit, mobile station, mobile terminal, user, terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, fixed terminal, user station, user terminal, or device, or described using other terms used in the art.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the UE 101 may include, for example, but is not limited to, computing devices such as desktop computers, laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablet computers, smart TVs (e.g., Internet-connected TVs), set-top boxes, game consoles, security systems (including security cameras), in-vehicle computers, network devices (e.g., routers, switches, and modems), Internet of Things (IoT) devices, etc.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present application, the UE 101 may include, for example, but is not limited to, portable wireless communication devices, smartphones, cellular phones, flip phones, devices with a subscriber identity module, personal computers, paging receivers, or any other device capable of sending and receiving communication signals over a wireless network.

[0034] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present application, the UE 101 may include, for example, but is not limited to, wearable devices such as smartwatches, fitness bands, optical head-mounted displays, etc.

[0035] The wireless communication system 100 may be compatible with any type of network capable of sending and receiving wireless communication signals. For example, the wireless communication system 100 is compatible with wireless communication networks, cellular phone networks, time division multiple access (TDMA)-based networks, code division multiple access (CDMA)-based networks, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based networks, LTE networks, 3GPP-based networks, 3GPP 5G networks, satellite communication networks, high-altitude platform networks, and / or other communication networks.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the wireless communication system 100 is compatible with 5G New Radio of the 3GPP protocol, where the BS 102 uses an OFDM modulation scheme to transmit data on the DL, and the UE 101 uses a SC-FDMA or OFDM scheme to transmit data on the UL. However, more generally, the wireless communication system 100 may implement some other open or proprietary communication protocols, such as other protocols like WiMAX.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the BS 102 may communicate using other communication protocols, such as the IEEE802.11 wireless communication protocol family. Additionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the BS 102 may communicate on licensed spectrum, while in other embodiments, the BS 102 may communicate on unlicensed spectrum. The present application is not intended to be limited to the implementation of any specific wireless communication system architecture or protocol. In still some other embodiments of the present application, the BS 102 may communicate with the UE101 using the 3GPP 5G protocol.

[0038] For the NB-IoT system, cross-subframe scheduling is supported for both uplink and downlink transmissions, and the uplink transmission may be several subframes later than the corresponding uplink grant.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the NPDCCH scheduling the NPUSCH format 1. The NPDCCH carries downlink control information (DCI), which contains resource allocation and other control information, such as the number of transmissions and the scheduling delay time r to its scheduled NPDSCH or NPUSCH. The UE needs to first demodulate the DCI in the NPDCCH, and then can demodulate the NPDSCH (including broadcast messages, paging, UE data, etc.) belonging to the UE itself at the corresponding resource location. The NPDCCH (e.g., DCI format N0 in the LTE system) contains an uplink grant to indicate the resources for the UE's uplink data transmission. For the NPUSCH, two formats are defined, namely the NPUSCH format 1 and the NPUSCH format 2. The NPUSCH format 1 is designed for uplink data on the UL-SCH, and the NPUSCH format 2 is used to transmit uplink control information (UCI).

[0040] In Figure 2 downlink transmissions are represented by "DL" and uplink transmissions are represented by "UL". As Figure 2 shown, the NPDCCH transmits an uplink grant in DL subframe 1, and the uplink grant indicates the resources for the UE's uplink data transmission and the scheduling delay. For example, the scheduling delay is indicated as K0 = 8 in Table 1 as the DCI format N0 for FDD, so the uplink grant scheduling in DL subframe 1 schedules the uplink signal transmission in UL subframe 10.

[0041] Table 1: k0 for DCI Format N0 for FDD

[0042] <![CDATA[I 延迟 > <![CDATA[k0]]> 0 8 1 16 2 32 3 64

[0043] As shown in Table 1, DCI Format N0 includes a scheduling delay field (I 延迟 ) and the corresponding scheduling delay field (k0), and the scheduling delay is k0 = {8, 16, 32, 64}. That is, Figure 2 shows the case where I 延迟 = 0 and the corresponding scheduling delay k0 = 8.

[0044] According to Table 1, in some cases, for example, when I 延迟 = 3, the scheduling delay can be up to 64 ms. Therefore, the power adjustment indicator indicated by the uplink grant in DCI may be invalid for a large scheduling delay. The power adjustment indicator can be used to calculate the transmission power of the UE.

[0045] NPUSCH Structure

[0046] For the NB-IoT uplink structure, the RU is used to describe the mapping of NPUSCH to resource elements. The RU is defined as symbols in the time domain and continuous subcarriers in the frequency domain, where for frame structure type 1, Table 2 gives and In Table 2, Δf represents the subcarrier spacing of the uplink signal, which has two values, 3.75 kHz and 15 kHz.

[0047] Table 2: Support combinations for and for frame structure type

[0048]

[0049] According to Table 2, the duration of one RU (or called the RU size) of NPUSCH formats 1 and 2 is determined by the subcarrier offset, ranging from 1 ms to 32 ms. In particular, for NPUSCH format 1:

[0050] · When the subcarrier spacing is 3.75 kHz, only single-frequency transmission is supported. One RU contains one subcarrier in the frequency domain and 16 time slots in the time domain. Therefore, the RU size (i.e., the length of one RU) is 32 ms;

[0051] · When the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, single - frequency transmission and multi - frequency transmission are supported, and one RU contains 1 subcarrier and 16 time slots, and the RU size is 8 ms; when one RU contains 3 subcarriers and 8 time slots, and the RU size is 4 ms; when one RU contains 6 subcarriers and 4 time slots, and the RU size is 2 ms; when one RU contains 12 subcarriers and 2 time slots, and the RU size is 1 ms.

[0052] For NPUSCH format 2, the RU always contains 1 subcarrier and 4 time slots. Therefore, when the subcarrier spacing is 3.75 kHz, the RU size is 8 ms; when the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, the RU size is 2 ms.

[0053] Therefore, if in some cases the RU duration is up to 32 ms, the power adjustment indicator indicated by the uplink grant in the DCI may be invalid for the entire RU duration.

[0054] The resource allocation information in the uplink DCI format N0 for NPUSCH transmission indicates to the scheduled UE

[0055] - A set of continuously allocated subcarriers of the resource unit determined by the subcarrier indication field in the corresponding DCI (n sc ),

[0056] - The number of resource units determined by the resource assignment field in the corresponding DCI according to Table 3 (N RU ),

[0057] - The number of repetitions determined by the repetition number field in the corresponding DCI according to Table 4 (N Rep ).

[0058] Table 3: The number of resource units for NPUSCH (N RU )

[0059] <![CDATA[I RU > <![CDATA[N RU > 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 8 7 10

[0060] Table 4: The number of repetitions for NPUSCH (N Rep )

[0061] <![CDATA[I Rep > <![CDATA[N Rep > 0 1 1 2 2 4 3 8 4 16 5 32 6 64 7 128

[0062] For the NPUSCH transmission of one TB, the transmission duration is determined by the subcarrier spacing, RU size, the number of resource units, and the number of repetitions. According to Tables 2, 3, and 4, the maximum transmission duration of one TB is 32 ms×10×128 = 40960 ms = 40 s. Therefore, the power adjustment indicator indicated by the uplink grant in the DCI for the said transmission duration may be invalid.

[0063] Uplink Transmission Gap

[0064] To correct the frequency offset, an uplink transmission gap is introduced in the NPUSCH transmission of the NB-IoT system, enabling the UE to pause uplink transmission during long-term continuous transmission, switch to the downlink using this time, and perform synchronization tracking and frequency offset compensation using signals (such as NRS) in the NB-IoT downlink. After a certain time compensation and meeting the specification requirements (i.e., frequency offset < 50 Hz), the UE will switch to the uplink to continue uplink transmission. As Figure 3 shown, as an example, after the UE completes 256 ms of data transmission in NPUSCH transmission, a 40 ms uplink transmission gap ( Figure 3 the UL gap in

[0065] Coherence Time and Doppler Spread

[0066] The channel coherence time Tc is determined by the Doppler spread fm, Tc = 0.423 / fm. If the channel distance is greater than Tc, it is assumed that the channel fading beyond the coherence time is completely different. Table 5 shows the correspondence between fm and Tc.

[0067] Table 5

[0068] fm [Hz] tc [ms] 1 423 5 84

[0069] As Figure 3 shown, for a TB with several repetitions, the UL gap is 40 ms and the channel coherence time is 423 ms. Therefore, in some cases, the transmission duration of a TB in NB-IoT can be greater than the coherence time (e.g., 400 ms), so the channel conditions for the transmission duration of a TB are different or completely different for the TB transmission duration. For example, as Figure 3 shown, the transmission of a TB with several repetitions can span multiple channel coherence times, so at least the fast fading channel conditions are completely different for the entire TB transmission duration.

[0070] The HARQ process, NB-IoT uplink power control, LTE uplink power control, and NR uplink power control will be described in the following paragraphs.

[0071] In the NB-IoT system, if the UE is configured with the high-layer parameter twoHARQ-ProcessesConfig, 2 HARQ processes for uplink transmission are supported.

[0072] Figure 4An example of scheduling NPUSCH format 1 with 2 HARQ processes by NPDCCH is shown. In Figure 4 , downlink transmission is denoted by "DL" and uplink transmission is denoted by "UL". As Figure 4 shown, the NPDCCH transmits an uplink grant in DL subframe 1 and another uplink grant in DL subframe 4. The uplink grant in DL subframe 1 schedules an uplink transmission (first TB) transmitted in UL subframe 10, and the uplink grant in DL subframe 4 schedules an uplink transmission (second TB) transmitted in UL subframe 13. For NB-IoT H-FDD, the continuous downlink subframes and continuous uplink subframes are configured by the BS. For example, as Figure 4 shown, uplink grants for 2 TBs (corresponding to the number of 2 HARQ processes) are transmitted in continuous downlink subframes (DL subframe 1 and DL subframe 4), and uplink transmissions for 2 TBs are performed in continuous uplink subframes (UL subframe 10 and UL subframe 13). The blocks with X represent NPDCCH subframes that the UE does not need to monitor.

[0073] Open-loop Power Control

[0074] Open-loop power control is adopted in NB-IoT PUSCH. The UE transmission power P NPUSCH,c (i) for NPUSCH transmission in NB-IoT UL slot i of serving cell c is given by:

[0075] When the repetition number of the allocated NPUSCH RU is greater than 2: [Coverage enhancement case]

[0076] P NPUSCH,c (i) = P CMAX,c (i) [dBm]

[0077] Otherwise [Power ramp-up]

[0078]

[0079] -P CMAX,c (i) is the configured UE transmission power for NB-IoT UL slot i of serving cell c;

[0080] -M NPUSCH,c (i) relates to the bandwidth and subcarrier spacing of the selected RU, and is {1 / 4} for a 3.75 kHz subcarrier spacing and {1, 3, 6, 12} for a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing;

[0081] -P O_NPUSCH,c (j) is the cell-specific nominal component P provided by the higher layer when j = 0 and 1.O_NOMINAL_PUSCH (j) A parameter composed of the sum of the UE-specific component P provided by the higher layer when j = 0 and 1 O_UE_PUSCH (j);

[0082] -α c (j) A compensation factor corresponding to the path loss;

[0083] -PL c is the estimated downlink path loss of the serving cell c.

[0084] For Rel.13 NB-IoT, only open-loop power control is adopted for NPUSCH. The open-loop power control is based on the average fading loss of the channel, which cannot reflect the fast fading fluctuations of the channel.

[0085] Closed-loop Power Control for LTE

[0086] In LTE PUSCH, closed-loop based uplink power control is adopted. If the UE transmits PUSCH without a simultaneous PUCCH for the serving cell c, the UE transmission power P for PUSCH transmission in subframe i for the serving cell c PUSCH,c (i) is given by the following formula

[0087]

[0088] The power adjustment value f c (i) can be implemented by the cumulative power adjustment indicator (e.g., the cumulative δ PUSCH,c ) or by the absolute power adjustment indicator (e.g., the absolute δ PUSCH,c ), which can be configured by higher layer signaling.

[0089] If the cumulative is enabled

[0090] f c (i) = f c (i - 1) + δ PUSCH,c (i - K PUSCH )

[0091] -P CMAX,c (i) is the configured UE transmission power in the NB-IoT UL time slot i for the serving cell c;

[0092] -M PUSCH,c (i) is the bandwidth of the PUSCH resource allocation indicated by the number of resource blocks valid for subframe i;

[0093] - is the cell-specific nominal component P provided by the higher layer when j = 0 and 1 O_NOMINAL_PUSCH(j) and the UE-specific component P provided by the higher layer when j = 0 and 1 O_UE_PUSCH The parameter composed of the sum;

[0094] -α c (j) The compensation factor corresponding to the path loss;

[0095] -PL c Is the downlink path loss estimate for the serving cell c;

[0096] -Δ TF,c (i) Related to the modulation mode;

[0097] -δ PUSCH,c Is the correction value, also known as the TPC command and included in the DCI format. δ PUSCH,c Can also be referred to as the power adjustment indicator in this application. Table 6 shows δ PUSCH,c Value.

[0098] Table 6: TPC command fields for accumulation in DCI

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] If accumulation is disabled

[0102] f c (i) = δ PUSCH,c (i - K PUSCH )

[0103] δ PUSCH,c Is the correction value, also known as the TPC command and included in the DCI format. Table 7 shows δ PUSCH,c Value.

[0104] Table 7: TPC command fields for accumulation in DCI

[0105]

[0106] K PUSCH The value of is

[0107] ο For FDD, K PUSCH = 4

[0108] ο For TDD configurations 0 - 6, K PUSCH Is determined by Table 8.

[0109] Table 8: K for TDD configurations 0 - 6 PUSCH

[0110]

[0111] Note: For the serving cell f c (i) = f c (i - 1) does not decode the PDCCH with DCI format 0 / 0A / 0B / 4 / 4A / 4B or DRX occurs therein or i is not an uplink subframe in TDD or FDD-TDD and the serving cell c is a subframe of frame structure type 2, f c (i) = f c (i - 1).

[0112] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of TDD configuration 1. Refer to Figure 5 , for LTE uplink closed-loop power control, the power adjustment value f c (i) is determined by the previous power adjustment value f c (i - 1) and the power adjustment indicator δ PUSCH,c (i - K PUSCH ) indicated by the uplink grant corresponding to the uplink subframe. For example, in Figure 5 , if the TDD UL / DL configuration index is 0, referring to Table 8, for subframe 7, the power adjustment value f c (7) = f c (6) + δ PUSCH,c (7 - K PUSCH ), the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 6; for subframe 8, the power adjustment value f c (8) = f c (7) + δ PUSCH,c (8 - K PUSCH ), K PUSCH = 7.

[0113] Closed-loop Power Control for NR

[0114] Closed-loop based uplink power control is adopted in NR PUSCH. If the UE transmits PUSCH on the active UL BWP b of the carrier f of the serving cell c with the parameter set configuration with index j and the PUSCH power control adjustment state with index l, the UE determines the PUSCH transmission power P PUSCH，b，f，c (i, j, q d , l) in the PUSCH transmission occasion i as

[0115]

[0116] The power adjustment value f b，f，c (i, l) can be determined by the cumulative power adjustment indicator (e.g., the cumulative ) or by an absolute power adjustment indicator (e.g., absolute ) is implemented. The parameters in the above formula are almost the same as those of the closed-loop power control in LTE. Here, only the power adjustment indicator δ PUSCH，b，f，c indicated by DCI (uplink grant) is further described in detail as follows:

[0117] If accumulation is enabled

[0118] - If the UE is not provided with tpc-Accumulation, is the PUSCH power control adjustment state l for the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c and PUSCH transmission occasion i, where

[0119] - δ PUSCH，b，f，c values are given in Table 9.

[0120] - For the PUSCH power control adjustment state l, is the sum of the TPC command values in the set D PUSCH with radix C (D PUSCH ) received between the K i (i - i0) - 1 symbols before the PUSCH transmission occasion i and the K i (i) symbols before the PUSCH transmission occasion i for the UE on the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c, where i0 > 0 is the smallest integer such that the K PUSCH (i - i0) symbols before the PUSCH transmission occasion i - i0 are earlier than the K PUSCH (i) symbols before the PUSCH transmission occasion i

[0121] - K PUSCH (i) is the number of symbols of the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c after the last symbol received in the corresponding PDCCH and before the first symbol of the PUSCH transmission

[0122] If accumulation is disabled

[0123] - f b，f，c (i, l) = δ PUSCH，b，f，c (i, l)

[0124] - δ PUSCH，b，f，c values are given in Table 9.

[0125] Table 9: TPC command fields

[0126]

[0127] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of an example where NPDCCH in NR schedules NPUSCH. In Figure 6 , downlink transmission is denoted by "DL" and uplink transmission is denoted by "UL". Referring to Figure 6 , for NR uplink closed-loop power control, the power adjustment value f c (i) of uplink transmission opportunity i is determined by the previous power adjustment value f c (i - i0) corresponding to uplink transmission opportunity i - 1 and the power adjustment indicator δ PUSCH，c indicated by the uplink grant corresponding to uplink transmission opportunity i.

[0128] More specifically, as Figure 6 shown, for PUSCH opportunity i - 1, the uplink transmissions in symbol 5 (sym#5), symbol 6 (sym#6), and symbol 7 (sym#7) are scheduled by the uplink grant in symbol 1 (sym#1), and the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 4; and for PUSCH opportunity i, the uplink transmissions in symbol 15 (sym#15) and symbol 16 (sym#16) are scheduled by the uplink grant in symbol 10 (sym#10), and the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 5. The UE receives the TPC command set between K PUSCH (i - 1) - 1 = 3 symbols before PUSCH opportunity i - 1 and K PUSCH (i) = 5 (symbols 2 to symbol 10) before PUSCH opportunity i, which is the TPC command starting from symbol 10. Therefore, within the time period from DL symbol 2 (sym#2) to symbol #10 (sym#10), the TPC command is received in symbol #10 (sym#10), and for PUSCH opportunity i, f c (i) = f c (i - 1) + δ PUSCH，c (sym#10).|

[0129] For full-duplex FDD and small scheduling delays, the power adjustment parameter is always determined by the previous power adjustment value of the previous uplink transmission opportunity and the power adjustment indicator δ PUSCH，c (i - K PUSCH ).

[0130] However, for half-duplex FDD with large scheduling delays, if the UE receives more than one uplink grant before PUSCH transmission (before switching to uplink transmission), and if LTE closed-loop power control is followed, the PUSCH power can be adjusted based on its corresponding uplink grant. If the latest power adjustment parameters indicated by the uplink grant can also be used, it is not precise.

[0131] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing another example of PDCCH scheduling PUSCH.

[0132] In Figure 7 it is shown that downlink transmission is represented by "DL" and uplink transmission is represented by "UL". Referring to Figure 7 , for NR uplink closed-loop power control, the power adjustment value f c (i) for the uplink transmission opportunity g(i) is determined by the previous power adjustment value f c (i - i0) corresponding to the uplink transmission opportunity g(i) - 1 and the power adjustment indicator δ PUSCH，c indicated by the uplink grant corresponding to the uplink transmission opportunity g(i).

[0133] More specifically, as shown in Figure 7 , time slot i corresponds to PUSCH transmission g(i). For PUSCH opportunity g(i) - 1, uplink transmission is performed in subframe 3 (sf#3); for PUSCH opportunity g(i), the uplink transmission in subframe 40 (sf#40) is scheduled by the uplink grant in subframe 7 (sf#7), and the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 32; for PUSCH opportunity g(i) + 1, the uplink transmission in subframe 43 (sf#43) is scheduled by the uplink grant in subframe 26 (sf#26), and the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 16. Thus, within the time period from DL subframe #0 (sf#0) to subframe #26 (sf#26), TPC commands are received in subframe #7 (sf#7) and subframe #26 (sf#26). In the traditional power control scheme, for PUSCH opportunity g(i), in this case, the power adjustment value is determined only by the TPC command received in subframe #7. For example, f c (i) = f c (i - 1) + δ PUSCH，c (sf#7), K PUSCH = 32.

[0134] That is, only the power adjustment indicator δ PUSCH，c(sf#7), the adjusted PUSCH power is not more accurate. If the power adjustment indicator δ of the uplink grant corresponding to the PUSCH occasion g(i)+1 PUSCH，c (sf#26) is also adopted for the PUSCH occasion g(i), more gains with multiple HARQ processes can be achieved.

[0135] The above situation is a common case because NB-IoT supports H-FDD and long scheduling delays. During the uplink grant period and the PUSCH transmission occasion, several new uplink grants schedule new PUSCH transmission occasions, so these new uplink grants can be fully utilized when necessary.

[0136] Figure 8 The flowchart of a method for uplink power control according to some embodiments of the present application is shown. The method can be executed by a UE, such as Figure 1 the UE 101 in

[0137] As Figure 8 shown, in step 801, the UE determines a power control scheme. The power control scheme can be configured by RRC signaling. There can be several power control schemes for the UE. For example, the power control scheme can include at least one of an open-loop power control scheme, a closed-loop power control scheme (hereinafter referred to as the first closed-loop power control scheme), a closed-loop power scheme with a power ramp step size selection (hereinafter referred to as the second closed-loop power control scheme), a closed-loop power scheme with a scaling factor of the power adjustment indicator (hereinafter referred to as the third closed-loop power control scheme), and a closed-loop power scheme that adopts the power adjustment indicator corresponding to the subsequent uplink signal (hereinafter referred to as the fourth closed-loop power control scheme).

[0138] The open-loop power control scheme can be a traditional NB-IoT power control scheme. The open-loop power control is based on the average RSRP and channel slow fading, which is more beneficial for long transmission durations.

[0139] The first closed-loop power control scheme can be a traditional LTE power control scheme. The first closed-loop power control reflects the channel fast fading, so the adoption period of the closed-loop power should not be too long. The transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the power adjustment indicator indicated by the control signal from the BS (i.e., the uplink grant in DCI).

[0140] Considering the uncertainty of long-term channel conditions, a second closed-loop power control scheme can be adopted. The second closed-loop power control scheme can be a power control scheme similar to the traditional LTE closed-loop power control scheme. The difference is that the power adjustment indicator can be determined based on at least one of scheduling delay, RU size of the uplink signal, number of repetitions of the uplink signal, transmission gap, RRC signaling, and threshold.

[0141] For example, in the traditional LTE closed-loop power control scheme, if accumulation is enabled, the power adjustment indicator is selected, i.e., the value of δ shown in Table 6. PUSCH,c According to an embodiment of the present application, in the second closed-loop power control scheme, if accumulation is enabled, the value of δ shown in Table 10 is selected. PUSCH,c If accumulation is disabled, the value of δ shown in Table 11 is selected. PUSCH,c value.

[0142] Table 10: TPC command field for accumulation in DCI

[0143] TPC Command Field in DCI Format <![CDATA[Accumulated δ PUSCH,c [dB]]]> 0 -0.25 1 0 2 0.25 3 0.75

[0144] Table 11: TPC command field for accumulation in DCI

[0145] TPC Command Field in DCI Format <![CDATA[Absolute δ PUSCH,c [dB]]]> 0 -1 1 -0.25 2 0.25 3 1

[0146] According to another embodiment, the second closed-loop power control scheme can be a power control scheme similar to the traditional NR closed-loop power control scheme. In the second closed-loop power control scheme, the power adjustment indicator can also be determined based on at least one of scheduling delay, RU size of the uplink signal, number of repetitions of the uplink signal, transmission gap, RRC signaling, and threshold. For example, the value of δ shown in Table 12 can be selected. PUSCH,b,f,c value.

[0147] Table 12: TPC command field

[0148]

[0149] The third closed-loop power scheme is a power control scheme similar to the traditional LTE closed-loop power control scheme or the traditional NR closed-loop power control scheme. The difference is that the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the power adjustment indicator and the scaling factor indicated by the uplink grant. The scaling factor can be determined based on at least one of scheduling delay, RU size of the uplink signal, number of repetitions of the uplink signal, transmission gap, RRC signaling, and threshold.

[0150] For example, in the third closed-loop power scheme similar to the traditional LET closed-loop power control scheme, if accumulation is enabled,

[0151] f c f(i) = c f(i - 1)+αδ PUSCH，c (i - K PUSCH )

[0152] δ PUSCH，c is a correction value, also known as the TPC command (which can also be referred to as a power adjustment indicator in this application), and is included in the DCI format. The value of δ as shown in Table 6 can be selected. PUSCH，c The scaling factor α can be configured by higher layer signaling and can be {0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1}.

[0153] According to another embodiment, for example, in a third closed-loop power scheme similar to the traditional NR closed-loop power control scheme, if accumulation is disabled,

[0154] -f b，f，c f(i, l)=αδ PUSCH，b，f，c (i, l)

[0155] The value of δ as shown in Table 9 can be selected. PUSCH，b，f，c The scaling factor α can be {0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1}.

[0156] The fourth closed-loop power scheme is a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by the number of power adjustment indicators indicated by the uplink grant corresponding to the current uplink signal and subsequent uplink signals later than the current uplink signal. The number of power adjustment indicators can be determined by the maximum number of HARQ processes. The uplink grant is between a second number of time units before the previous uplink signal and a third number of time units before the current uplink signal, and the second number and the third number can be fixed numbers, the minimum scheduling delay, or can be configured by RRC signaling.

[0157] In other words, according to the fourth closed-loop power scheme, the power adjustment indicator indicated by the latest uplink grant before the NPUSCH transmission can be applied to power control.

[0158] For example, for the time slot i corresponding to the PUSCH occasion g(i), the power adjustment value can be determined by the power adjustment indicators from the uplink grants corresponding to the PUSCH occasions g(i)+m (0 ≤ m ≤ the maximum number of HARQ) between the PUSCH occasion g(i)-1 and the PUSCH occasion g(i).

[0159] For example, as in Figure 7As shown, for time slot i, for PUSCH occasion g(i)-1, an uplink transmission is made in subframe 3 (sf#3); for PUSCH occasion g(i), the uplink transmission in subframe 40 (sf#40) is scheduled by an uplink grant in subframe 7 (sf#7), and the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 32; for PUSCH occasion g(i)+1, the uplink transmission in subframe 43 (sf#43) is scheduled by an uplink grant in subframe 26 (sf#26), and the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 16. Thus, for time slot i, within the time period from DL subframe #0 (sf#0) to subframe #26 (sf#26) (subframe 0 is the subframe among the N-1 time slots before PUSCH transmission occasion g(i)-1, and subframe 26 is the subframe among the N time slots before PUSCH transmission occasion g(i)), TPC commands are received in subframe #7 (sf#7) and subframe #26 (sf#26). According to the fourth closed-loop power scheme, for PUSCH occasion g(i), power control is performed using the uplink grant (sf#7) corresponding to PUSCH occasion g(i) corresponding to the uplink transmission in subframe 40 (sf#40) and the uplink grant (sf#26) corresponding to PUSCH occasion g(i)+1 corresponding to the uplink transmission in subframe 43 (sf#43). That is, for PUSCH occasion g(i), f c (i)= f c (i-1)+δ PUSCH，c (sf#7)+δ PUSCH，c (sf#26).

[0160] That is, the transmission power of the uplink transmission in subframe 40 (sf#40) for PUSCH occasion g(i) is determined by the power adjustment indicators indicated by the uplink grant in subframe 7 (sf#7) corresponding to the uplink transmission in subframe 40 (sf#40) and the uplink grant in subframe 26 (sf#26) corresponding to the subsequent uplink transmission in subframe 43 (sf#43) that is later than the uplink transmission in subframe 40 (sf#40).

[0161] For PUSCH occasion g(i)+1, there is no uplink grant between PUSCH occasion g(i) and PUSCH occasion g(i)+1, so it follows the power adjustment value of PUSCH occasion g(i).

[0162] Figure 9 Another example of PDCCH scheduling PUSCH is shown.

[0163] As in Figure 9As shown, for time slot i corresponding to PUSCH occasion g(i), for PUSCH occasion g(i)-1, uplink transmission is performed in subframe 3 (sf#3); for PUSCH occasion g(i), the uplink transmission in subframe 24 (sf#24) is scheduled by the uplink grant in subframe 7 (sf#7), and the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 16; for PUSCH occasion g(i)+1, the uplink transmission in subframe 26 (sf#26) is scheduled by the uplink grant in subframe 17 (sf#17), and the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 8; for PUSCH occasion g(i)+2, the uplink transmission in subframe 29 (sf#29) is scheduled by the uplink grant in subframe 12 (sf#12), and the scheduling delay K PUSCH = 16; thus, for time slot i, within the time period from DL subframe #0 (sf#0) to subframe #20 (sf#20) (subframe 0 is the subframe among the N-1 time slots before PUSCH transmission occasion g(i), and subframe 20 is the subframe among the N time slots before PUSCH transmission occasion g(i)), TPC commands are received in subframe #7 (sf#7), subframe #12 (sf#12), and subframe #17 (sf#17). According to the fourth closed-loop power scheme, for PUSCH occasion g(i), the power adjustment value is determined by the power adjustment indicators from the uplink grant corresponding to PUSCH occasion g(i) (sf#7), the uplink grant corresponding to PUSCH occasion g(i)+1 (sf#12), and the uplink grant corresponding to PUSCH occasion g(i)+2 (sf#17). That is, for PUSCH occasion g(i), f c (i) = f c (i-1) + δ PUSCH，c (sf#7) + δ PUSCH，c (sf#12) + δ PUSCH，c (sf#17).

[0164] That is, the transmission power of the uplink transmission in subframe 24 (sf#24) for PUSCH occasion g(i) is determined by the power adjustment indicators indicated by the uplink grant in subframe 7 (sf#7) corresponding to the uplink transmission in subframe 24 (sf#24), the uplink grant in subframe 12 (sf#12) corresponding to the subsequent uplink transmission in subframe 29 (sf#29), and the uplink grant in subframe 17 (sf#17) corresponding to the subsequent uplink transmission in subframe 26 (sf#26) that is later than the uplink transmission in subframe 24 (sf#24).

[0165] Therefore, compared with NR closed-loop power control, the power adjustment value for the current PUSCH occasion is determined by the power adjustment indicator from subsequent PUSCH occasions, the number of subsequent PUSCH occasions is determined by the maximum number of HARQ processes, and a new range of PUSCH occasions can be specified.

[0166] For example, the UE transmit power P for NPUSCH transmission in NB-IoT UL slot i of serving cell c NPUSCH，c (i) can be given by the following formula:

[0167]

[0168]

[0169] - UL slot i corresponds to the first UL slot of PUSCH transmission occasion g(i).

[0170] - K PUSCH (m) is the number of subframes of serving cell c after the last slot in which the corresponding PDCCH is received and before the first UL slot of PUSCH transmission occasion m.

[0171] - ΔK(s, t) is the number of slots between the first UL slot of PUSCH transmission occasion s and the last UL slot of PUSCH transmission occasion t

[0172] - is the sum of the TPC command values in the DCI corresponding to the set D g(i) ) of PUSCH transmission occasions with cardinality C(D g(i) received by the UE between the N - 1 slots before PUSCH transmission occasion g(i) and the N slots before PUSCH transmission occasion g(i). For example, in Figure 7 , the uplink grants received by the UE in subframe #7 (sf#7) and subframe #26 (sf#26) are between the N - 1 slots before PUSCH transmission occasion g(i) of the uplink transmission in subframe 3 (sf#3) and the N slots before PUSCH transmission occasion g(i) of the uplink transmission in subframe 40 (sf#40).

[0173] N is designed for transmission delay and UE detection time, so N = 4, or considering that the minimum scheduling delay between the uplink grant and the corresponding uplink transmission is 8 ms, N can be fixed at 8.

[0174] Set D g(i) is the set of PUSCH transmission occasions after PUSCH transmission occasion g(i) and before PUSCH transmission occasion g(i) + M, and M is the maximum number of HARQ processes on the uplink.

[0175] According to another embodiment, for example, the UE transmit power P for NPUSCH transmission in NB-IoT UL time slot i of serving cell c NPUSCH，c (i) can be given by the following formula:

[0176]

[0177] If accumulation is enabled

[0178] - If the UE is not provided with tpc-Accumulation, is the PUSCH power control adjustment for serving cell c, where

[0179] - is the sum of the TPC command values in set D with cardinality C(D i ) received by the UE between the N-1 time slots before the PUSCH transmission occasion i-1 and the N time slots before the PUSCH transmission occasion i. Set D i is the set of PUSCH transmission occasions after the PUSCH transmission occasion i and before the PUSCH transmission occasion i+M, and M is the maximum number of HARQ processes in the uplink. i For uplink transmission, if the time delay between the transmission and the uplink grant or the time delay between the DL scheduling and the corresponding PUCCH is greater than the coherence time, the power adjustment parameter may no longer be so accurate, so a smaller and more conservative power ramp step or an open-loop power scheme can be considered. The UE can select a power control scheme based on at least one of the subcarrier spacing of the uplink signal, the scheduling delay, the RU size of the uplink signal, the number of repetitions of the uplink signal, the transmission gap, the RRC signaling, and the threshold. The subcarrier spacing of the uplink signal and the RU size of the uplink signal have been described with reference to Table 2, the scheduling delay has been described with reference to Table 1, and the number of repetitions of the uplink signal has been described with reference to Table 4, which will not be described in detail here. The threshold can be configured by RRC signaling or be fixed.

[0180] For example, according to one embodiment, if the scheduling delay is less than the threshold, the first closed-loop power control scheme is selected; otherwise, one of the open-loop power control scheme, the second closed-loop power scheme, the third closed-loop power scheme, and the fourth closed-loop power scheme can be selected.

[0181]

[0182] ​For example, according to another embodiment, if the number of repetitions of the uplink signal is less than a threshold, the first closed-loop power control scheme is selected; otherwise, one of the open-loop power control scheme, the second closed-loop power scheme, the third closed-loop power scheme, and the fourth closed-loop power scheme can be selected.

[0183] For example, according to another embodiment, if the number of repetitions of the uplink signal is less than a threshold, the first closed-loop power control scheme is selected for transmitting the uplink signal with a number of transmissions less than the threshold, and one of the open-loop power control scheme, the second closed-loop power scheme, the third closed-loop power scheme, and the fourth closed-loop power scheme can be selected for transmitting the uplink signal with a number of transmissions greater than the threshold.

[0184] For example, according to another embodiment, if the RU size of the uplink signal * the number of repetitions of the uplink signal + the scheduling delay is less than a threshold, the first closed-loop power control scheme is selected; otherwise, one of the open-loop power control scheme, the second closed-loop power scheme, the third closed-loop power scheme, and the fourth closed-loop power scheme can be selected.

[0185] For example, according to another embodiment, if the number of transmission gaps is less than a threshold, the first closed-loop power control scheme is selected; otherwise, one of the open-loop power control scheme, the second closed-loop power scheme, the third closed-loop power scheme, and the fourth closed-loop power scheme can be selected.

[0186] For example, according to another embodiment, if the number of transmission gaps is less than a threshold, the first closed-loop power control scheme is selected for transmitting the uplink signal before the number of transmission gaps is less than the threshold; and one of the open-loop power control scheme, the second closed-loop power scheme, the third closed-loop power scheme, and the fourth closed-loop power scheme can be selected for transmitting the uplink signal after the number of transmission gaps is less than the threshold.

[0187] For example, according to another embodiment, if the subcarrier spacing is 3.75 KHz, one of the open-loop power control scheme, the second closed-loop power scheme, the third closed-loop power scheme, and the fourth closed-loop power scheme can be selected, otherwise the first closed-loop power control scheme can be selected.

[0188] Now referring back to Figure 8 , after the power control scheme is selected, in step 802, the UE determines the transmission power of the uplink signal according to the power control scheme. And in step 803, the UE transmits the uplink signal according to the determined transmission power.

[0189] Figure 10 FIG. shows a device according to some embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the device 1000 can be Figure 1 the UE 101 shown or other embodiments of the present application.

[0190] As Figure 10 shown, device 1000 may include a receiver 1001, a transmitter 1003, a processor 1005, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium 1007. Computer-executable instructions are stored in the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1007. The processor 1005 is configured to be coupled to the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1007, the receiver 1001, and the transmitter 1003. It is contemplated that in some other embodiments of the present application according to actual needs, device 1000 may include more computer-readable media, receivers, transmitters, and processors. In some embodiments of the present application, the receiver 1001 and the transmitter 1003 are integrated into a single device such as a transceiver. In certain embodiments, device 1000 may further include an input device, a memory, and / or other components.

[0191] In some embodiments of the present application, computer-executable instructions may be stored in the non-transitory computer-readable medium 1007 to cause the processor to implement the method according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0192] Those skilled in the art should understand that as technology develops and progresses, the terms described in the present application may change and should not affect or limit the principles and spirit of the present application.

[0193] Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the steps of the methods described in connection with the various aspects disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in software modules executed by a processor, or in a combination of both. The software modules may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. Additionally, in some aspects, the steps of the methods may reside as code and / or instructions in one or any combination or collection on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.

[0194] Although the present disclosure has been described in terms of its specific embodiments, it is obvious that many alternatives, modifications, and variations may be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, the various components of the embodiments may be interchanged, added, or substituted in other embodiments. Also, all elements of each figure are not necessary for the operation of the disclosed embodiments. For example, those of ordinary skill in the art of the disclosed embodiments will be able to practice and use the teachings of the present disclosure by simply employing the elements of the independent claims. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present disclosure presented herein are intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. Various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0195] In this document, the term "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises a series of elements not only includes those elements but may also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element preceded by "a", "an", etc. does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element. Further, the term "another" is defined as at least a second or more. As used herein, the terms "including", "having", etc. are defined as "comprising".

Claims

1. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: Transmitting an uplink signal, wherein the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined according to a power control scheme, and the power control scheme is selected from a set of power control schemes including a third closed-loop power scheme having a scaling factor with a power adjustment indicator and a fourth closed-loop power scheme employing a power adjustment indicator corresponding to a subsequent uplink signal. Wherein the third closed-loop power scheme having a scaling factor with a power adjustment indicator includes a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by a power adjustment indicator indicated by a control signal and a scaling factor configured by a higher layer.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the power control scheme is selected based on at least one of a subcarrier spacing of the uplink signal, a scheduling delay, a resource unit (RU) size of the uplink signal, a repetition number of the uplink signal, a transmission gap, radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or a threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the scaling factor is determined based on at least one of a scheduling delay, an RU size of the uplink signal, a repetition number of the uplink signal, a transmission gap, RRC signaling, or a threshold.

4. The method according to any one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the threshold is configured by the RRC signaling or is fixed.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fourth closed-loop power scheme employing a power adjustment indicator corresponding to a subsequent uplink signal is a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by a control signal corresponding to the uplink signal and a first number of power adjustment indicators indicated by a subsequent uplink signal later than the uplink signal.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the first number is determined by a maximum hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process number.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the control signal is between a second number of time units before a previous uplink signal of the uplink signal and a third number of time units before the uplink signal, and wherein the second number and the third number are fixed numbers or a minimum scheduling delay or are configured by RRC signaling.

8. A user equipment (UE), comprising: At least one memory; And At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: Select a power control scheme from a set of power control schemes, the set of power control schemes including: a third closed-loop power scheme having a scaling factor with a power adjustment indicator, and a fourth closed-loop power scheme employing a power adjustment indicator corresponding to a subsequent uplink signal, wherein the third closed-loop power scheme having a scaling factor with a power adjustment indicator includes a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by a power adjustment indicator indicated by a control signal and a scaling factor configured by a higher layer; Determine the transmission power based on the selected power control scheme; and Transmit an uplink signal based on the determined transmission power.

9. The UE according to claim 8, wherein the power control scheme is further selected based on at least one of a subcarrier spacing of the uplink signal, a scheduling delay, a resource unit (RU) size of the uplink signal, a repetition number of the uplink signal, a transmission gap, radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or a threshold.

10. The UE according to claim 8, wherein the scaling factor is determined based on at least one of a scheduling delay, a resource unit (RU) size of the uplink signal, a repetition number of the uplink signal, a transmission gap, radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or a threshold.

11. The UE according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the threshold is configured by the RRC signaling or is fixed.

12. The UE according to claim 8, wherein the fourth closed-loop power scheme that employs a power adjustment indicator corresponding to a subsequent uplink signal includes a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by a control signal corresponding to the uplink signal and a first number of power adjustment indicators indicated by a subsequent uplink signal that is later than the uplink signal.

13. A method performed by a base station, the method comprising: Receiving an uplink signal, wherein the transmission power of the uplink signal is based on a power control scheme among a set of power control schemes, wherein the set of power control schemes includes a third closed-loop power scheme having a scaling factor with a power adjustment indicator and a fourth closed-loop power scheme that employs a power adjustment indicator corresponding to a subsequent uplink signal, wherein the third closed-loop power scheme having a scaling factor with a power adjustment indicator includes a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by a power adjustment indicator indicated by a control signal and a scaling factor configured by a higher layer.

14. A base station, comprising: At least one memory; And At least one processor, coupled to the at least one memory and configured to cause the base station to: Receive an uplink signal, wherein the transmission power of the uplink signal is based on a power control scheme among a set of power control schemes, wherein the set of power control schemes includes a third closed-loop power scheme having a scaling factor with a power adjustment indicator and a fourth closed-loop power scheme that employs a power adjustment indicator corresponding to a subsequent uplink signal, wherein the third closed-loop power scheme having a scaling factor with a power adjustment indicator includes a power control scheme in which the transmission power of the uplink signal is determined by a power adjustment indicator indicated by a control signal and a scaling factor configured by a higher layer.

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