Anti-floating underground structure

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a floating - resistant underground building, comprising: a bottom plate, side walls and a top plate. At least the bottom plate, side walls and top plate form the internal space of the underground building, wherein the bottom plate is located at the bottom of the internal space, the top plate is located at the top of the internal space, and the side walls form the side walls of the internal space. The floating - resistant underground building further comprises: support columns, which are located in the internal space and are arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate for supporting the top plate; a counterweight body, which is disposed below the bottom plate and is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the bottom plate; and an uplift - resistance device, one end of which is configured to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate and / or the counterweight body, and the other end of which extends a predetermined length along the direction away from the bottom plate towards the foundation of the underground building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an anti-floating underground building. Background Art

[0002] The anti-floating water levels are very high in many areas. Therefore, anti-floating measures must be taken for anti-floating underground buildings, and usually very long anti-floating piles, anti-floating anchor rods are adopted, or backfill is applied on the top plate of the anti-floating underground building for weight pressing, or soil or concrete counterweights are filled on the bottom plate of the anti-floating underground building, etc. However, these measures are all very expensive. Some soil is soft and not suitable for anti-pulling piles and anti-pulling anchor rods. If forced to adopt, huge costs will be paid. And the method of covering the top plate or bottom plate of the anti-floating underground building with backfill for counterweight will increase a huge load on the garage, resulting in a large increase in the structural concrete and steel bars of the anti-floating underground building, and ultimately making its cost expensive and there are also potential safety hazards.

[0003] Generally speaking, there are roughly four anti-floating design methods in engineering: anti-floating by weight pressing, anti-floating by anti-pulling piles, anti-floating by anti-pulling anchor rods, and anti-floating by drainage method. For various methods currently adopted, there are various different problems, such as excessive cost, potential safety hazards, etc. For example, the weight pressing method will increase the load on the bottom plate or top plate, which may cause potential safety hazards. And completely adopting anti-floating by anti-pulling piles or anti-floating by anti-pulling anchor rods will require higher costs and longer construction periods.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to solve various problems of underground building anti-floating from the perspectives of practicality, economy, effectiveness, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides an anti-floating underground building.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an anti-floating underground building includes: a bottom plate, side walls and a top plate. At least the bottom plate, side walls and top plate form the internal space of the underground building, wherein the bottom plate is located at the bottom of the internal space, the top plate is located at the top of the internal space, and the side walls form the side walls of the internal space.

[0007] The anti-floating underground building further includes:

[0008] Support columns, which are located in the internal space and are arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate to support the top plate;

[0009] Counterweight bodies, which are arranged below the bottom plate, and the counterweight bodies are fixedly connected or integrally formed with the bottom plate; and

[0010] An uplift resistance device, one end of the uplift resistance device is configured to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate and / or the counterweight body, and the other end of the uplift resistance device extends a predetermined length along a direction away from the bottom plate towards the foundation of the underground building.

[0011] Wherein, the counterweight body provides a first anti-buoyancy force for the underground building to resist the upward buoyancy force of groundwater, and the uplift resistance device provides a second anti-buoyancy force for the underground building to resist the upward buoyancy force of groundwater.

[0012] For an anti-floating underground building according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the uplift resistance device is an uplift pile and / or an uplift anchor rod, and the number of the uplift resistance devices is one or more than two. When there are more than two uplift resistance devices, the more than two uplift resistance devices jointly provide the second anti-buoyancy force.

[0013] For an anti-floating underground building according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the counterweight body extends a predetermined depth from the bottom plate towards the foundation, and the predetermined depth is less than the predetermined length.

[0014] For an anti-floating underground building according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the counterweight body is a counterweight pier, a counterweight block, and / or a counterweight strip, and is evenly or unevenly distributed at intervals from each other under the bottom plate.

[0015] For an anti-floating underground building according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a cross beam is further provided, and the cross beam is arranged on the top or near the top of the counterweight pier, the counterweight block and / or the counterweight strip for structural strengthening.

[0016] For an anti-floating underground building according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the shapes of the counterweight pier, the counterweight block and / or the counterweight strip are regular shapes or irregular shapes.

[0017] For an anti-floating underground building according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the counterweight body is an integral counterweight body, and the integral counterweight body is arranged in all areas or partial areas of the bottom plate.

[0018] For an anti-floating underground building according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of the integral counterweight bodies is more than one, and / or the shape of the integral counterweight body is a regular shape or an irregular shape.

[0019] For an anti-floating underground building according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, steel bars are provided or not provided in the counterweight body.

[0020] For the anti-floating underground structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when steel bars are provided in the counterweight, the steel bars in the counterweight are connected to the bottom plate, and / or the support columns in the anti-floating underground structure, and / or the side walls of the anti-floating underground structure.

[0021] For the anti-floating underground structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the counterweight is concrete, cement-mixed soil, gravel-cement mixed soil, and / or pressure grouting consolidation body.

[0022] For the anti-floating underground structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the anti-floating underground structure is one-story, there is soil covering or no soil covering above the top plate, and when the anti-floating underground structure is two or more stories, there is soil covering or no soil covering above the top plate of the topmost anti-floating underground structure.

[0023] For the anti-floating underground structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the anti-buoyancy design value formed by multiplying the sum of the first anti-buoyancy, the second anti-buoyancy and other anti-buoyancies by a coefficient is greater than the buoyancy value, so as to prevent the underground structure from floating due to the influence of the groundwater.

[0024] For the anti-floating underground structure according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the underground structure is a one-story or two-or-more-story anti-floating underground structure, and / or the underground structure is an underground garage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description thereof, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are included in this specification and form a part of this specification.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-floating underground structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-floating underground structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-floating underground structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-floating underground structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of related structures of an anti-floating underground structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] The present disclosure will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant content and do not limit the present disclosure. Additionally, it should be noted that for the sake of convenience of description, only the parts related to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the exemplary embodiments / examples shown will be understood to provide exemplary features of various details of some ways in which the technical concept of the present disclosure can be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, without departing from the technical concept of the present disclosure, the features of various embodiments / examples can be additionally combined, separated, interchanged, and / or rearranged.

[0034] In the accompanying drawings, cross-hatching and / or shading are generally used to make the boundaries between adjacent components clear. Thus, unless stated otherwise, the presence or absence of cross-hatching or shading does not convey or imply any preference or requirement for the specific material, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonality between the components shown, and / or any other characteristics, attributes, properties, etc. of the components. Additionally, in the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity and / or descriptive purposes, the dimensions and relative dimensions of the components may be exaggerated. When the exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, the specific process sequences may be performed in an order different from that described. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially simultaneously or in an order opposite to that described. Moreover, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

[0035] When a component is referred to as being "on" or "above" another component, "connected to" or "coupled to" another component, the component may be directly on the other component, directly connected to or directly coupled to the other component, or there may be an intermediate component. However, when the component is referred to as being "directly on" another component, "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another component, there is no intermediate component. For this reason, the term "connection" may refer to a physical connection, an electrical connection, etc., and may or may not have an intermediate component.

[0036] For descriptive purposes, the present disclosure may use spatial relative terms such as "under", "below", "beneath", "lower", "above", "upper", "on", "higher", and "side (e.g., as in "sidewall")" to describe the relationship of one component to another (other) component as shown in the figures. In addition to the orientation depicted in the figures, the spatial relative terms are also intended to encompass different orientations of the device during use, operation, and / or manufacture. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, a component described as "under" or "beneath" another component or feature will then be positioned "above" the other component or feature. Thus, the exemplary term "under" can encompass both the "above" and "under" orientations. In addition, the device may be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and accordingly, the spatial relative descriptors used herein are to be interpreted accordingly.

[0037] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, when the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising" and their variations are used in this specification, it is stated that there are the stated features, integers, steps, operations, components, assemblies, and / or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, assemblies, and / or groups thereof. It should also be noted that, as used herein, the terms "substantially", "about", and other similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as degree terms, and thus are used to explain the inherent deviations of the measured, calculated, and / or provided values that would be recognized by a person of ordinary skill in the art.

[0038] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a floating-resistant underground building is provided. The floating-resistant underground building may include a bottom plate, sidewalls, and a top plate. At least the bottom plate, sidewalls, and top plate form the internal space of the underground building, where the bottom plate is located at the bottom of the internal space, the top plate is located at the top of the internal space, and the sidewalls form the sidewalls of the internal space. Among them, the bottom plate, sidewalls, top plate, etc. can all be set as waterproof structures and can be made of reinforced concrete.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the floating-resistant underground building can be used as an underground garage, an underground shopping mall, an underground storage space, etc. And the floating-resistant underground building can be a one-story structure or a structure with two or more floors. Each floor can include a bottom plate, a top plate, and sidewalls, where the top plate of the lower layer will form the bottom plate of the upper layer.

[0040] According to a further embodiment, support columns may be provided inside the anti-floating underground building. The support columns may be fixed at the position of the bottom plate and are used to support the top plate structure. For structures with more than two floors, each floor space may include support columns, and for each support column in each floor space of the entire anti-floating underground building, it may be an integral structure from top to bottom.

[0041] In the present disclosure, the anti-floating underground building may further include a counterweight body, where the counterweight body may be provided below the bottom plate. When the anti-floating underground building is a single-story structure, the counterweight body may be provided below the bottom plate of this layer structure. When the anti-floating underground building is a two-story structure, the counterweight body may be provided below the bottom plate of the bottommost layer structure. The counterweight body may extend a predetermined distance from the outer bottom of the bottom plate into the foundation. The distance may be determined according to construction conditions and / or the anti-floating strength required by the counterweight body. In the prior art, in the case of anti-floating through the bottom plate, a counterweight is applied on the upper part of the bottom plate, which will cause a large bearing pressure on the bottom plate, easily affect the structure of the entire building, and thus pose a safety hazard. Moreover, in this case, since the counterweight is applied above the bottom plate, it will inevitably affect the storey height inside the building, resulting in a sense of depression. In this case, if the proper storey height is maintained, it will inevitably increase the construction cost.

[0042] The counterweight body may be fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the bottom plate. The counterweight body may be designed to resist the upward buoyancy of groundwater to prevent the anti-floating underground building from floating. The counterweight body is provided below the bottom plate and extends deep into the foundation. Compared with various anti-floating methods in the prior art, it has low cost, high practicability, good reliability, and better anti-floating effect. For example, it can avoid the problems of net height requirements or structural loads brought by the ballast method, can avoid the problems brought by the actual conditions in the anti-floating technology of engineering piles, and can also well avoid various problems brought by the open drainage method in the drainage method.

[0043] In the present disclosure, while the counterweight body achieves the anti-floating effect, an anti-pulling device may additionally be adopted to also achieve the anti-floating effect. In this case, the anti-floating of the underground building may also be achieved by the counterweight body and the anti-pulling device simultaneously. Adding an anti-pulling device on the basis of the counterweight body to jointly achieve anti-floating can effectively reduce the number of anti-pulling devices to achieve the expected anti-floating effect. For example, for an underground building, N anti-pulling devices may be required to achieve the desired anti-pulling effect, but by adding an anti-pulling device on the basis of the counterweight body, the number N can be significantly reduced. Those skilled in the art should understand that in the case of only using anti-pulling devices for anti-floating, a relatively large number of anti-pulling devices are required, but the construction of anti-pulling devices is relatively complex and the construction period is long, and the anti-pulling devices are greatly affected by the foundation soil quality.

[0044] Therefore, when the counterweight is used in combination with the uplift resistance device, the counterweight can provide the first buoyancy resistance, while the uplift resistance device can provide the second buoyancy resistance (for example, the uplift force provided by the uplift pile and / or the uplift force provided by the uplift anchor rod). The sum of the first buoyancy resistance and the second buoyancy resistance can be used as the overall buoyancy resistance. Among them, the design value of the buoyancy resistance formed by multiplying the sum of the overall buoyancy resistance and other buoyancy resistances by a coefficient is greater than the buoyancy value. Other buoyancy resistances can be, for example, the buoyancy resistance formed by the weight of the building itself, such as the self-weight of the underground building, the weight of the overburden soil, and even the buoyancy resistance provided by the objects accommodated in the building. The predetermined coefficient can be a coefficient preset according to the actual situation. The above buoyancy value is the buoyancy resistance required for the anti-floating underground building, and the buoyancy value can be considered according to the situation of the underground water level and the like.

[0045] Therefore, according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, the anti-floating underground building may further include an uplift resistance device. The uplift resistance device may be in the form of an uplift pile and / or an uplift anchor rod, and the number of uplift resistance devices is one or more than two. When there are more than two uplift resistance devices, the more than two uplift resistance devices jointly provide the second buoyancy resistance. One end of the uplift resistance device may be configured to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and waterproof treatment may be performed at the connection between the two. One end of the uplift resistance device may also be configured to be fixedly connected to the counterweight, and waterproof treatment may also be performed. In particular, the uplift pile and / or the uplift anchor rod may be connected to the bottom plate to form an integral body, which should not only meet the requirements of anchoring force transmission but also meet the requirements of the joint waterproof structure. The other end of the uplift resistance device may extend downward along the foundation of the underground building by a predetermined length, and the extended predetermined length is related to the buoyancy resistance that the uplift resistance device needs to provide. In the present disclosure, the predetermined depth of the counterweight extending downward toward the foundation will be less than the predetermined length of the uplift resistance device extending downward toward the foundation.

[0046] The uplift resistance devices may be evenly distributed under the bottom plate or may be arranged in the key anti-floating areas of the underground building.

[0047] According to a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the counterweight may be a counterweight pier, a counterweight block, a counterweight bar, and / or an integral counterweight. When the counterweight is a counterweight pier, a counterweight block, and / or a counterweight bar, they are evenly or unevenly distributed at intervals under the bottom plate. In addition, a cross beam may be provided at the lower part of the bottom plate, and the cross beam may be provided on the top or near the top of the counterweight pier, the counterweight block, and / or the counterweight bar for structural strengthening. The shapes of the counterweight pier, the counterweight block, and / or the counterweight bar are regular shapes or irregular shapes. When the counterweight is an integral counterweight, the integral counterweight is arranged in all areas or partial areas of the bottom plate. The number of integral counterweights is more than one. The shape of the integral counterweight is a regular shape or an irregular shape.

[0048] In addition, the counterweight body may or may not be provided with steel bars. When the counterweight body is provided with steel bars, the steel bars in the counterweight body are connected to the bottom plate, and / or the support columns in the anti-floating underground building, and / or the side walls of the anti-floating underground building. In addition, the steel bars in the counterweight body are connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate, and / or the steel bars of the support columns in the anti-floating underground building, and / or the steel bars of the side walls of the anti-floating underground building. The counterweight body is made of concrete, cement-mixed soil, gravel-cement mixed soil, and / or pressure grouting consolidation body. For example, in the present disclosure, the counterweight body can be first cast, and then the bottom plate can be cast on the counterweight body. At this time, the steel bars of the counterweight body can be connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate. If there is an anti-pulling device, the anti-pulling device can be set before or after casting the counterweight body, and the bottom plate can be set after setting the counterweight body and the anti-pulling device.

[0049] When the anti-floating underground building is one-story, there may or may not be overburden soil above the top plate. When the anti-floating underground building is two or more stories, there may or may not be overburden soil above the top plate of the topmost anti-floating underground building.

[0050] Next, each specific embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the common parts in each embodiment can be mutually cited, and the above content can also be cited into the corresponding embodiments.

[0051] <Embodiment 1>

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing an embodiment according to the present disclosure is shown.

[0053] As Figure 1 shown, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an anti-floating underground building is provided. The anti-floating underground building 100 may include a bottom plate 110, side walls 120, and a top plate 130. At least the bottom plate 110, side walls 120, and top plate 130 constitute the internal space of the underground building, where the bottom plate 110 is located at the bottom of the internal space, the top plate 130 is located at the top of the internal space, and the side walls 120 constitute the side walls of the internal space. Among them, the bottom plate 110, side walls 120, and top plate 130 can all be set as waterproof structures and can be made of reinforced concrete.

[0054] According to this embodiment, the anti-floating underground building 100 can be used as an underground garage, an underground shopping mall, an underground storage space, etc. And the anti-floating underground building 100 can be a one-story structure or a structure with two or more stories. Each floor can include a bottom plate 110, a top plate 130, and side walls 120, where the top plate of the lower layer will constitute the bottom plate of the upper layer.

[0055] Furthermore, support columns (not shown in the figure) can be provided inside the anti-floating underground building 100. The support columns can be fixed at the position of the bottom plate 110 and are used to support the roof structure. For structures with two or more floors, each floor space can include support columns, and for each support column in each floor space of the entire anti-floating underground building, it can be an integral structure from top to bottom.

[0056] In this embodiment, the anti-floating underground building 100 can further include a counterweight 140. The counterweight 140 can be provided below the bottom plate. When the anti-floating underground building 100 is a one-story structure, the counterweight 140 can be provided below the bottom plate of this layer structure. When the anti-floating underground building is a two-story structure, the counterweight 140 can be provided below the bottom plate of the bottommost layer structure.

[0057] As Figure 1 shown, the counterweight 140 can be in an irregular shape, and the number and / or the extending depth of the counterweight can be set according to the anti-buoyancy force required by the counterweight 140.

[0058] In this embodiment, the counterweight 140 can extend a predetermined distance from the outer bottom of the bottom plate 110 into the foundation. This distance can be determined according to construction conditions and / or the anti-floating strength required by the counterweight. In the prior art, in the case of anti-floating through the bottom plate, applying a counterweight on the upper part of the bottom plate will cause a large bearing pressure on the bottom plate, which is likely to affect the structure of the entire building, thus creating potential safety hazards. Moreover, in this case, because a counterweight is applied above the bottom plate, it will inevitably affect the floor height inside the building, resulting in a sense of depression. In this case, if the proper floor height is maintained, it will inevitably increase the construction cost.

[0059] The counterweight 140 can be fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the bottom plate 110. The counterweight 140 can be designed to resist the upward buoyancy of groundwater to prevent the anti-floating underground building 100 from floating. The counterweight 140 is provided below the bottom plate 110 and extends deep into the foundation. Compared with various anti-floating methods in the prior art, it has low cost, high practicability, good reliability and better anti-floating effect. For example, it can avoid the problems of net height requirements or structural loads brought by the ballast method, can avoid the problems brought by the actual conditions in the anti-floating technology of engineering piles, and can also well avoid various problems brought by the open drainage method in the drainage method.

[0060] In the present disclosure, while the counterweight 140 achieves the anti-floating effect, an anti-pulling device 160 can additionally be adopted to simultaneously achieve the anti-floating effect. In this case, the anti-floating of the underground building can also be achieved by the counterweight 140 and the anti-pulling device 160 simultaneously. By adding the anti-pulling device 160 on the basis of the counterweight 140 to jointly achieve anti-floating, the number of the anti-pulling devices 160 can be effectively reduced to achieve the expected anti-floating effect. For example, for an underground building, N anti-pulling devices 160 may be required to achieve the desired anti-pulling effect, but by adding the anti-pulling device 160 on the basis of the counterweight 140, the number N can be significantly reduced. Those skilled in the art should understand that in the case of only using the anti-pulling device 160 for anti-floating, a relatively large number of anti-pulling devices 160 are required, but the construction of the anti-pulling device 160 is relatively complex and the construction period is relatively long, and the anti-pulling device 160 is greatly affected by the foundation soil quality.

[0061] Therefore, in the case of using the counterweight 140 in combination with the anti-pulling device 160, the counterweight 140 can provide a first anti-buoyancy force, while the anti-pulling device 160 can provide a second anti-buoyancy force (for example, the anti-pulling force provided by an anti-pulling pile and / or the anti-pulling force provided by an anti-pulling anchor rod). The sum of the first anti-buoyancy force and the second anti-buoyancy force can be used as the overall anti-buoyancy force. Among them, the anti-buoyancy design value formed by multiplying the sum of the overall anti-buoyancy force and other anti-buoyancy forces by a coefficient is greater than the buoyancy force value. The other anti-buoyancy forces can be, for example, the anti-buoyancy force formed by the weight of the building itself, such as the self-weight of the underground building, the weight of the overburden soil, etc., and even the anti-buoyancy force provided by the objects accommodated in the building can be added. The predetermined coefficient can be a coefficient preset according to the actual situation. The above buoyancy force value is the anti-buoyancy force required for the anti-floating underground building, and the buoyancy force value can be considered according to the situation of the underground water level, etc.

[0062] Therefore, according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, the anti-floating underground building may further include an uplift resistance device 160. The uplift resistance device 160 may be in the form of uplift piles and / or uplift anchor rods, and the number of the uplift resistance devices 160 is one or more than two. When there are more than two uplift resistance devices 160, the more than two uplift resistance devices 160 jointly provide the second anti-buoyancy force. One end of the uplift resistance device 160 may be configured to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 110, and waterproof treatment may be performed at the connection between the two. One end of the uplift resistance device 160 may also be configured to be fixedly connected to the counterweight 140, and waterproof treatment may also be performed. In particular, the uplift piles and / or uplift anchor rods may be connected to the bottom plate 110 to form an integral body, which should not only meet the requirements of anchoring force transmission but also meet the requirements of joint waterproof structure. The other end of the uplift resistance device 160 may extend downward along the foundation of the underground building by a predetermined length, where the extended predetermined length is related to the anti-buoyancy force required by the uplift resistance device 160. In the present disclosure, the predetermined depth at which the counterweight 140 extends downward toward the foundation will be less than the predetermined length at which the uplift resistance device 160 extends downward toward the foundation.

[0063] The uplift resistance devices 160 may be evenly distributed under the bottom plate 110 or may be arranged in the key anti-floating areas of the underground building.

[0064] According to this embodiment, the counterweight 140 may be a counterweight pier, a counterweight block, and / or a counterweight bar. The counterweights 140 are evenly or unevenly distributed at intervals under the bottom plate 110. In addition, a cross beam may be provided at the lower part of the bottom plate 110, and the cross beam may be provided on or near the top of the counterweight pier, the counterweight block, and / or the counterweight bar for structural strengthening. The shapes of the counterweight pier, the counterweight block, and / or the counterweight bar are regular shapes or irregular shapes.

[0065] In addition, steel bars 141 may or may not be provided in the counterweight 140. When steel bars are provided in the counterweight 140, the steel bars in the counterweight 140 are connected to the bottom plate, and / or the support columns in the anti-floating underground building, and / or the side walls of the anti-floating underground building. In addition, the steel bars in the counterweight 140 are connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate, and / or the steel bars of the support columns in the anti-floating underground building, and / or the steel bars of the side walls of the anti-floating underground building. The counterweight 140 is concrete, cement-mixed soil, gravel-cement mixed soil, and / or pressure grouting consolidation body. For example, in the present disclosure, the counterweight 140 may be first poured, and then the bottom plate is poured on the counterweight 140. At this time, the steel bars of the counterweight 140 may be connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate. If there is an uplift resistance device 160, the uplift resistance device 160 may be provided before or after pouring the counterweight 140, and the bottom plate 110 is provided after the counterweight 140 and the uplift resistance device 160 are provided.

[0066] When the anti-floating underground building is one-story, there is soil cover or no soil cover on top of the top plate. When the anti-floating underground building is two or more stories, there is soil cover or no soil cover on top of the top plate of the topmost anti-floating underground building.

[0067] <Example Two>

[0068] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing an embodiment according to the present disclosure is shown.

[0069] As Figure 2 shown, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an anti-floating underground building is provided. The anti-floating underground building 200 may include a bottom plate 210, side walls 220, and a top plate 230. At least the interior space of the underground building is formed by the bottom plate 210, side walls 220, and top plate 230, where the bottom plate 210 is located at the bottom of the interior space, the top plate 220 is located at the top of the interior space, and the side walls 220 form the side walls of the interior space. Among them, the bottom plate 210, side walls 220, and top plate 230 can all be set as waterproof structures and can be made of reinforced concrete.

[0070] According to this embodiment, the anti-floating underground building 200 can be used as an underground garage, underground shopping mall, underground storage space, etc. And the anti-floating underground building 200 can be a one-story structure or a structure with two or more stories. Each floor can include a bottom plate 210, a top plate 230, and side walls 220, where the top plate of the lower layer will form the bottom plate of the upper layer.

[0071] Furthermore, support columns (not shown in the figure) can be provided inside the anti-floating underground building 200. The support columns can be fixed at the position of the bottom plate 210 and are used to support the top plate structure. For a structure with two or more stories, each floor space can include support columns, and for each support column in each floor space of the entire anti-floating underground building, it can be an integral structure from top to bottom.

[0072] In this embodiment, the anti-floating underground building 200 may further include a counterweight 240, where the counterweight 240 can be arranged below the bottom plate. When the anti-floating underground building 200 is a one-story structure, the counterweight 240 can be arranged below the bottom plate of this layer structure. When the anti-floating underground building is a two-story structure, the counterweight 240 can be arranged below the bottom plate of the bottommost layer structure.

[0073] As Figure 2 shown, the counterweight 240 can be in a regular shape. For example, the regular shape can be square, rectangular, circular, triangular, rhombic, or irregular, etc. The number and / or the extended depth of the counterweight can also be set according to the anti-buoyancy force required by the counterweight 240.

[0074] In this embodiment, the counterweight 240 can extend a predetermined distance from the outer bottom of the bottom plate 210 towards the foundation. The distance can be determined according to construction conditions and / or the anti-floating strength required for the counterweight. In the prior art, when anti-floating is achieved through the bottom plate, counterweights are applied on the upper part of the bottom plate, which will result in a large bearing pressure on the bottom plate, easily affecting the structure of the entire building and thus creating potential safety hazards. Moreover, in this case, since counterweights are applied above the bottom plate, it will inevitably affect the storey height inside the building, causing a sense of depression. In this situation, if the proper storey height is maintained, it will surely increase the construction cost.

[0075] The counterweight 240 can be fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the bottom plate 210. The counterweight 240 can be designed to resist the upward buoyancy of groundwater to prevent the anti-floating underground building 200 from floating. The counterweight 240 is provided below the bottom plate 210 and extends deep into the foundation. Compared with various anti-floating methods in the prior art, it has low cost, high practicability, good reliability and better anti-floating effect. For example, it can avoid the problems of net height requirements or structural loads brought by the ballast method, can avoid the problems brought by the actual conditions in the anti-floating technology of engineering piles, and can also well avoid various problems brought by the open drainage method in the drainage method.

[0076] In the present disclosure, while the counterweight 240 achieves the anti-floating effect, an anti-pulling device 260 can additionally be adopted to also achieve the anti-floating effect. In this case, the anti-floating of the underground building can also be achieved by the counterweight 240 and the anti-pulling device 260 simultaneously. Adding the anti-pulling device 260 on the basis of the counterweight 240 to jointly achieve anti-floating can effectively reduce the number of anti-pulling devices 260 to achieve the expected anti-floating effect. For example, for an underground building, N anti-pulling devices 260 may be required to achieve the desired anti-pulling effect, but by adding the anti-pulling device 260 on the basis of the counterweight 240, the number N can be significantly reduced. Those skilled in the art should understand that when only the anti-pulling device 260 is used for anti-floating, a larger number of anti-pulling devices 260 are required, but the construction of the anti-pulling device 260 is relatively complex and the construction period is long, and the anti-pulling device 260 is greatly affected by the foundation soil quality.

[0077] Therefore, when the counterweight 240 is used in combination with the uplift resistance device 260, the counterweight 240 can provide a first buoyancy resistance, while the uplift resistance device 260 can provide a second buoyancy resistance (for example, the uplift force provided by an uplift pile and / or the uplift force provided by an uplift anchor rod). The sum of the first buoyancy resistance and the second buoyancy resistance can be used as the overall buoyancy resistance. Among them, the design value of the buoyancy resistance formed by multiplying the sum of the overall buoyancy resistance and other buoyancy resistances by a coefficient is greater than the buoyancy value. Other buoyancy resistances can be, for example, the buoyancy resistance formed by the weight of the building itself, such as the self-weight of an underground building, the weight of the overburden soil, and even the buoyancy resistance provided by the objects contained in the building. The predetermined coefficient can be a coefficient preset according to the actual situation. The above buoyancy value is the buoyancy resistance required for the anti-floating underground building, and the buoyancy value can be considered according to the situation of the groundwater level and the like.

[0078] Therefore, according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, the anti-floating underground building may further include an uplift resistance device 260. The uplift resistance device 260 may be in the form of an uplift pile and / or an uplift anchor rod, and the number of the uplift resistance devices 260 is one or more than two. When there are more than two uplift resistance devices 260, the more than two uplift resistance devices 260 jointly provide the second buoyancy resistance. One end of the uplift resistance device 260 may be configured to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 210, and waterproof treatment may be performed at the connection between the two. One end of the uplift resistance device 260 may also be configured to be fixedly connected to the counterweight 240, and waterproof treatment may also be performed. In particular, the uplift pile and / or the uplift anchor rod may be connected to the bottom plate 210 to form an integral body, which must meet both the requirements of anchoring force transmission and the requirements of the joint waterproof structure. The other end of the uplift resistance device 260 may extend downward along the foundation of the underground building by a predetermined length, and the extended predetermined length is related to the buoyancy resistance that the uplift resistance device 260 needs to provide. In the present disclosure, the predetermined depth at which the counterweight 240 extends downward toward the foundation will be less than the predetermined length at which the uplift resistance device 260 extends downward toward the foundation.

[0079] The uplift resistance devices 260 may be evenly distributed under the bottom plate 210 or may be arranged in the key anti-floating areas of the underground building.

[0080] According to this embodiment, the counterweight 240 may be a counterweight pier, a counterweight block, and / or a counterweight bar. The counterweights 240 are evenly or unevenly distributed at intervals from each other under the bottom plate 210. In addition, a cross beam may be provided at the lower part of the bottom plate 210, and the cross beam may be provided on or near the top of the counterweight pier, the counterweight block, and / or the counterweight bar for structural strengthening. The shapes of the counterweight pier, the counterweight block, and / or the counterweight bar are regular shapes or irregular shapes.

[0081] In addition, the counterweight 240 may or may not be provided with steel bars 241. When steel bars are provided in the counterweight 240, the steel bars in the counterweight 240 are connected to the bottom plate, and / or the support columns in the anti-floating underground structure, and / or the side walls of the anti-floating underground structure. In addition, the steel bars in the counterweight 240 are connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate, and / or the steel bars of the support columns in the anti-floating underground structure, and / or the steel bars of the side walls of the anti-floating underground structure. The counterweight 240 is made of concrete, cement-mixed soil, gravel-cement mixed soil, and / or pressure grouting consolidation body. For example, in the present disclosure, the counterweight 240 can be poured first, and then the bottom plate can be poured on the counterweight 240. At this time, the steel bars of the counterweight 240 can be connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate. If there is an anti-pulling device 260, the anti-pulling device 260 can be set before or after pouring the counterweight 240, and the bottom plate 210 can be set after setting the counterweight 240 and the anti-pulling device 260.

[0082] When the anti-floating underground structure is one layer, there is or there is no overburden soil above the top plate. When the anti-floating underground structure is two layers or more, there is or there is no overburden soil above the top plate of the topmost anti-floating underground structure.

[0083] <Example Three>

[0084] Figure 3 An anti-floating underground structure 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0085] As Figure 3 shown, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an anti-floating underground structure is provided. The anti-floating underground structure 300 may include a bottom plate 310, side walls 320, and a top plate 330. At least the bottom plate 310, the side walls 320, and the top plate 330 form the internal space of the underground structure, where the bottom plate 310 is located at the bottom of the internal space, the top plate 330 is located at the top of the internal space, and the side walls 320 form the side walls of the internal space. Among them, the bottom plate 310, the side walls 320, and the top plate 330 can all be set as waterproof structures and can be made of reinforced concrete.

[0086] According to this embodiment, the anti-floating underground structure 300 can be used as an underground garage, an underground shopping mall, an underground storage space, etc. And the anti-floating underground structure 300 can be a one-layer structure or a structure of two layers or more. Each layer can include a bottom plate 310, a top plate 330, and side walls 320, where the top plate of the lower layer will form the bottom plate of the upper layer.

[0087] Furthermore, support columns (not shown in the figure) can be provided inside the anti-floating underground building 300. The support columns can be fixed at the position of the bottom plate 310 and are used to support the top plate structure. For structures with more than two floors, each floor space can include support columns, and for each support column in each floor space of the entire anti-floating underground building, it can be an integral structure from top to bottom.

[0088] In this embodiment, the anti-floating underground building 300 can further include a counterweight 340, where the counterweight 340 can be arranged below the bottom plate. When the anti-floating underground building 300 is a one-story structure, the counterweight 340 can be arranged below the bottom plate of this layer structure. When the anti-floating underground building is a two-story structure, the counterweight 340 can be arranged below the bottom plate of the bottommost layer structure.

[0089] As Figure 3 shown, the counterweight 340 can be an integral counterweight. The integral counterweight can be in an irregular shape, and the number and / or the extending depth of the counterweight can be set according to the buoyancy resistance required by the counterweight 340.

[0090] In this embodiment, the counterweight 340 can extend a predetermined distance from the outer bottom of the bottom plate 310 into the foundation. The distance can be determined according to construction conditions and / or the anti-floating strength required by the counterweight. In the prior art, in the case of anti-floating through the bottom plate, applying a counterweight on the upper part of the bottom plate will cause a large bearing pressure on the bottom plate, which is likely to affect the structure of the entire building, thus creating potential safety hazards. Moreover, in this case, because the counterweight is applied above the bottom plate, it will inevitably affect the floor height inside the building, resulting in a sense of depression. In this case, if the proper floor height is maintained, it will inevitably increase the construction cost.

[0091] The counterweight 340 can be fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the bottom plate 310. The counterweight 340 can be designed to resist the upward buoyancy of groundwater to prevent the anti-floating underground building 300 from floating. The counterweight 340 is arranged below the bottom plate 310 and extends deep into the foundation. Compared with various anti-floating methods in the prior art, it has low cost, high practicability, good reliability and better anti-floating effect. For example, it can avoid the problems of net height requirements or structural loads brought by the ballast method, can avoid the problems brought by the actual conditions in the anti-floating technology of engineering piles, and can also well avoid various problems brought by the open drainage method in the drainage method.

[0092] In the present disclosure, while the counterweight 340 achieves the anti-floating effect, an anti-pulling device 360 can additionally be adopted to simultaneously achieve the anti-floating effect. In this case, the anti-floating of the underground building can also be achieved by the counterweight 340 and the anti-pulling device 360 simultaneously. By adding the anti-pulling device 360 on the basis of the counterweight 340 to jointly achieve anti-floating, the number of the anti-pulling devices 360 can be effectively reduced to achieve the expected anti-floating effect. For example, for an underground building, N anti-pulling devices 360 may be required to achieve the desired anti-pulling effect. However, by adding the anti-pulling device 360 on the basis of the counterweight 340, the number N can be significantly reduced. Those skilled in the art should understand that when only the anti-pulling device 360 is used for anti-floating, a relatively large number of anti-pulling devices 360 are required. However, the construction of the anti-pulling device 360 is relatively complex and the construction period is relatively long, and the anti-pulling device 360 is greatly affected by the foundation soil quality.

[0093] Therefore, when the counterweight 340 is used in combination with the anti-pulling device 360, the counterweight 340 can provide a first anti-floating force, while the anti-pulling device 360 can provide a second anti-floating force (for example, the anti-pulling force provided by an anti-pulling pile and / or the anti-pulling force provided by an anti-pulling anchor rod). The sum of the first anti-floating force and the second anti-floating force can be used as the overall anti-floating force. Among them, the anti-floating design value formed by multiplying the sum of the overall anti-floating force and other anti-floating forces by a coefficient is greater than the buoyancy value. Other anti-floating forces, for example, can be the anti-floating force formed by the weight of the building itself, etc. For example, it can be the self-weight of the underground building, the weight of the overburden soil, etc., and even the anti-floating force provided by the objects accommodated in the building can be added. The predetermined coefficient can be a coefficient preset according to the actual situation. The above buoyancy value is the anti-floating force required for the anti-floating underground building, and the buoyancy value can be considered according to the situation of the underground water level, etc.

[0094] Accordingly, in a further embodiment of the present disclosure, the anti-floating underground building may further include an uplift resistance device 360. The uplift resistance device 360 may be in the form of uplift piles and / or uplift anchor rods, and the number of the uplift resistance devices 360 is one or more than two. When there are more than two uplift resistance devices 360, the more than two uplift resistance devices 360 jointly provide the second anti-buoyancy force. One end of the uplift resistance device 360 may be configured to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 310, and waterproof treatment may be performed at the connection between the two. One end of the uplift resistance device 360 may also be configured to be fixedly connected to the counterweight 340, and waterproof treatment may also be performed. In particular, the uplift piles and / or uplift anchor rods may be connected to the bottom plate 310 to form an integral body, which should not only meet the requirements of anchoring force transmission but also meet the requirements of joint waterproof structure. The other end of the uplift resistance device 360 may extend downward along the foundation of the underground building by a predetermined length, where the extended predetermined length is related to the anti-buoyancy force required by the uplift resistance device 360. In the present disclosure, the predetermined depth of the counterweight 340 extending downward toward the foundation will be less than the predetermined length of the uplift resistance device 360 extending downward toward the foundation.

[0095] The uplift resistance devices 360 may be evenly distributed under the bottom plate 310, or may be arranged in the key anti-floating areas of the underground building.

[0096] According to this embodiment, when the counterweight 340 is an integral counterweight, the number of the integral counterweights may be one, for example, it may be arranged in the overall area under the bottom plate or in the local area under the bottom plate. In addition, the number of the integral counterweights may also be more than two. When there are more than two, the counterweights 340 are evenly or unevenly distributed at intervals of each other under the bottom plate 310. In addition, a cross beam may be provided under the bottom plate 310, and the cross beam may be provided on or near the top of the integral counterweight for structural strengthening.

[0097] In addition, steel bars 341 may or may not be provided in the counterweight 340. When steel bars are provided in the counterweight 340, the steel bars in the counterweight 340 are connected to the bottom plate, and / or the support columns in the anti-floating underground building, and / or the side walls of the anti-floating underground building. In addition, the steel bars in the counterweight 340 are connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate, and / or the steel bars of the support columns in the anti-floating underground building, and / or the steel bars of the side walls of the anti-floating underground building. The counterweight 340 is made of concrete, cement-mixed soil, gravel-cement mixed soil, and / or pressure grouting consolidation body. For example, in the present disclosure, the counterweight 340 may be first poured, and then the bottom plate is poured on the counterweight 340. At this time, the steel bars of the counterweight 340 may be connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate. If there is an uplift resistance device 360, the uplift resistance device 360 may be provided before or after pouring the counterweight 340, and the bottom plate 310 is provided after the counterweight 340 and the uplift resistance device 360 are provided.

[0098] When the anti-floating underground building is one-story, there is soil covering on top of the top plate or there is no soil covering. When the anti-floating underground building is two or more stories, there is soil covering on top of the top plate of the topmost anti-floating underground building or there is no soil covering.

[0099] <Example Four>

[0100] Figure 4 An anti-floating underground building 300 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0101] As Figure 4 shown, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an anti-floating underground building is provided. The anti-floating underground building 400 may include a bottom plate 410, side walls 420, and a top plate 430. At least the bottom plate 410, side walls 420, and top plate 430 form the internal space of the underground building, where the bottom plate 410 is located at the bottom of the internal space, the top plate 430 is located at the top of the internal space, and the side walls 420 form the side walls of the internal space. Among them, the bottom plate 410, side walls 420, and top plate 430, etc. can all be set as waterproof structures and can be made of reinforced concrete.

[0102] According to this embodiment, the anti-floating underground building 400 can be used as an underground garage, underground shopping mall, underground storage space, etc. And the anti-floating underground building 400 can be a one-story structure or a structure of two or more stories. Each floor can include a bottom plate 410, a top plate 430, and side walls 420, where the top plate of the lower layer will form the bottom plate of the upper layer.

[0103] Furthermore, support columns (not shown in the figure) can be provided inside the anti-floating underground building 400. The support columns can be fixed at the position of the bottom plate 410 and are used to support the top plate structure. For a structure of two or more stories, each floor space can include support columns, and for each support column in each floor space of the entire anti-floating underground building, it can be an integral structure from top to bottom.

[0104] In this embodiment, the anti-floating underground building 400 may further include a counterweight 440, where the counterweight 440 can be provided at the lower part of the bottom plate. When the anti-floating underground building 400 is a one-story structure, the counterweight 440 can be provided at the lower part of the bottom plate of this layer structure. When the anti-floating underground building is a two-story structure, the counterweight 440 can be at the lower part of the bottom plate of the bottommost layer structure.

[0105] As Figure 3 shown, the counterweight 440 can be an integral counterweight. The integral counterweight can be in a regular shape. For example, the regular shape can be square, rectangular, circular, triangular, rhombic, or irregular, etc. The number and / or the extended depth of the counterweight 440 can be set according to the anti-buoyancy force required by the counterweight 440.

[0106] In this embodiment, the counterweight 440 can extend a predetermined distance from the outer bottom of the bottom plate 410 towards the foundation. The distance can be determined according to construction conditions and / or the anti-floating strength required by the counterweight. In the prior art, in the case of anti-floating through the bottom plate, counterweights are applied on the upper part of the bottom plate, which will result in a large bearing pressure on the bottom plate, easily affecting the structure of the entire building and thus creating potential safety hazards. Moreover, in this case, since counterweights are applied above the bottom plate, it will inevitably affect the storey height inside the building, resulting in a sense of depression. In this case, if the proper storey height is maintained, it will inevitably increase the construction cost.

[0107] The counterweight 440 can be fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the bottom plate 410. The counterweight 440 can be designed to resist the upward buoyancy of groundwater to prevent the anti-floating underground building 400 from floating. The counterweight 440 is arranged below the bottom plate 410 and extends deep into the foundation. Compared with various anti-floating methods in the prior art, it has low cost, high practicability, good reliability and better anti-floating effect. For example, it can avoid the problems of net height requirements or structural loads brought by the ballast method, the problems brought by the actual conditions in the anti-floating technology of engineering piles, and also can well avoid various problems brought by the open drainage method in the drainage method.

[0108] In the present disclosure, while the counterweight 440 achieves the anti-floating effect, an anti-pulling device 460 can additionally be adopted to simultaneously achieve the anti-floating effect. In this case, the anti-floating of the underground building can also be achieved by the counterweight 440 and the anti-pulling device 460 simultaneously. Adding the anti-pulling device 460 on the basis of the counterweight 340 to jointly achieve anti-floating can effectively reduce the number of anti-pulling devices 460 to achieve the desired anti-floating effect. For example, for an underground building, in order to achieve the desired anti-pulling effect, N anti-pulling devices 460 may be required, but by adding the anti-pulling device 460 on the basis of the counterweight 440, the number N can be significantly reduced. Those skilled in the art should understand that in the case of only using the anti-pulling device 260 for anti-floating, a larger number of anti-pulling devices 460 are required, but the construction of the anti-pulling device 460 is relatively complex and the construction period is long, and the anti-pulling device 460 is greatly affected by the foundation soil quality.

[0109] Therefore, when the counterweight 440 is used in combination with the uplift resistance device 460, the counterweight 440 can provide a first buoyancy resistance, while the uplift resistance device 460 can provide a second buoyancy resistance (e.g., the uplift force provided by an uplift pile and / or the uplift force provided by an uplift anchor rod). The sum of the first buoyancy resistance and the second buoyancy resistance can be used as the overall buoyancy resistance. Among them, the design value of the buoyancy resistance formed by multiplying the sum of the overall buoyancy resistance and other buoyancy resistances by a coefficient is greater than the buoyancy value. Other buoyancy resistances, for example, can be the buoyancy resistance formed by the weight of the building itself, such as the self-weight of an underground building, the weight of overburden soil, etc., and even the buoyancy resistance provided by the objects contained in the building can be added. The predetermined coefficient can be a coefficient preset according to the actual situation. The above buoyancy value is the buoyancy resistance required for the anti-floating underground building, and the buoyancy value can be considered according to the situation of the groundwater level, etc.

[0110] Therefore, according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure, the anti-floating underground building may further include an uplift resistance device 460. The uplift resistance device 460 may be in the form of an uplift pile and / or an uplift anchor rod, and the number of the uplift resistance devices 460 is one or more than two. When there are more than two uplift resistance devices 460, the more than two uplift resistance devices 460 jointly provide the second buoyancy resistance. One end of the uplift resistance device 460 may be configured to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate 410, and waterproof treatment may be performed at the connection between the two. One end of the uplift resistance device 460 may also be configured to be fixedly connected to the counterweight 440, and waterproof treatment may also be performed. In particular, the uplift pile and / or the uplift anchor rod may be connected to the bottom plate 410 to form an integral body, which should not only meet the requirements of anchoring force transmission but also meet the requirements of the joint waterproof structure. The other end of the uplift resistance device 460 may extend downward along the foundation of the underground building by a predetermined length, and the extended predetermined length is related to the buoyancy resistance that the uplift resistance device 460 needs to provide. In the present disclosure, the predetermined depth at which the counterweight 440 extends downward toward the foundation will be less than the predetermined length at which the uplift resistance device 460 extends downward toward the foundation.

[0111] The uplift resistance devices 460 may be evenly distributed under the bottom plate 410 or may be arranged in the key anti-floating areas of the underground building.

[0112] According to this embodiment, when the counterweight 440 is an overall counterweight, the number of the overall counterweights may be one, for example, it may be arranged in the overall area under the bottom plate or in the local area under the bottom plate. In addition, the number of the overall counterweights may also be more than two. When there are more than two, the counterweights 440 are evenly or unevenly distributed at intervals of each other under the bottom plate 410. In addition, a cross beam may be provided under the bottom plate 410, and the cross beam may be provided on the top or near the top of the overall counterweight for structural strengthening.

[0113] In addition, the counterweight 440 may or may not be provided with steel bars 441. When the counterweight 440 is provided with steel bars, the steel bars in the counterweight 440 are connected to the bottom plate, and / or the support columns in the anti-floating underground structure, and / or the side walls of the anti-floating underground structure. In addition, the steel bars in the counterweight 440 are connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate, and / or the steel bars of the support columns in the anti-floating underground structure, and / or the steel bars of the side walls of the anti-floating underground structure. The counterweight 440 is made of concrete, cement-mixed soil, gravel-cement mixed soil, and / or pressure grouting consolidation body. For example, in the present disclosure, the counterweight 440 can be poured first, and then the bottom plate can be poured on the counterweight 440. At this time, the steel bars of the counterweight 440 can be connected to the steel bars of the bottom plate. If there is an anti-pulling device 460, the anti-pulling device 460 can be set before or after pouring the counterweight 440, and the bottom plate 410 can be set after the counterweight 440 and the anti-pulling device 460 are set.

[0114] When the anti-floating underground structure is one story, there may or may not be overburden soil above the top plate. When the anti-floating underground structure is two stories or more, there may or may not be overburden soil above the top plate of the topmost anti-floating underground structure.

[0115] The following will be based on Figure 5 to describe the relevant content of the counterweight and the anti-pulling device (located below the bottom plate 510). The counterweight and the anti-pulling device in these relevant contents can be applied to the above embodiments, and the counterweight is particularly applicable to Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. As Figure 5 shown, the cross-section of the counterweight 540 can be square, rectangular, or circular. Those skilled in the art should understand that it can also be any other suitable shape. In addition, the distribution of the counterweight 540 can be regular or irregular. For example, in Figure 5 a regular row and column form is shown, but those skilled in the art should understand that it can also be other forms. In addition, a cross beam 550 can be provided. The cross beam is arranged at the top or near the top of the counterweight to strengthen the structure. In the present disclosure, any suitable form of cross beam can be arranged at the lower part of the bottom plate to strengthen the structure of the floor.

[0116] The anti-pulling device 560 (shown by ×) can be arranged to be evenly distributed under the bottom plate, or unevenly distributed, and the quantity and / or position can be set according to needs.

[0117] In the description of this specification, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment / way", "some embodiments / ways", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment / way or example are included in at least one embodiment / way or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / way or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments / ways or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments / ways or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments / ways or examples.

[0118] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, "a plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0119] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for clearly explaining the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications can be made based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An anti-floating underground building, which is used as an underground garage, an underground shopping mall or an underground storage space, and is characterized in that, Comprising: A bottom plate, side walls and a top plate, at least forming the internal space of the underground building through the bottom plate, side walls and top plate, wherein the bottom plate is located at the bottom of the internal space, the top plate is located at the top of the internal space, and the side walls form the side walls of the internal space. The anti-floating underground building further comprises: Support columns, which are located in the internal space and are arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate for supporting the top plate. A counterweight body, which is arranged below the bottom plate and extends a predetermined depth into the foundation from the outer bottom of the bottom plate, and the predetermined depth is determined according to construction conditions and / or the anti-floating strength required by the counterweight body. The counterweight body is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the bottom plate. An anti-pulling device, one end of which is configured to be fixedly connected to the bottom plate and / or the counterweight body, and the other end of the anti-pulling device extends a predetermined length in the direction away from the bottom plate towards the foundation of the underground building, and the predetermined depth is less than the predetermined length, and A cross beam, which is arranged below the bottom plate and is arranged on or near the top of the counterweight body for structural strengthening. Wherein, the counterweight body provides a first anti-floating force for the underground building to resist the upward buoyancy of groundwater, and the anti-pulling device provides a second anti-floating force for the underground building to resist the upward buoyancy of groundwater; the counterweight body is a counterweight pier, counterweight block and / or counterweight strip, and is evenly or unevenly distributed at intervals below the bottom plate, and the counterweight body is fixedly connected to the bottom plate by steel bars.

2. The anti-floating underground building according to claim 1, wherein The anti-pulling device is an anti-pulling pile and / or an anti-pulling anchor rod, and the number of the anti-pulling devices is one or more than two. When there are more than two anti-pulling devices, the more than two anti-pulling devices jointly provide the second anti-floating force.

3. The anti-floating underground building according to claim 1, wherein The shapes of the counterweight piers, counterweight blocks and / or counterweight strips are regular or irregular.

4. The anti-floating underground building according to claim 1, wherein, Steel bars are provided or not provided in the counterweight body.

5. The anti-floating underground building according to claim 4, characterized in that, When steel bars are provided in the counterweight body, the steel bars in the counterweight body are connected to the bottom plate, and / or the support columns in the anti-floating underground building, and / or the side walls of the anti-floating underground building.

6. The anti-floating underground building according to claim 4, characterized in that, The counterweight body is a cement-mixed soil, gravel-cement mixed soil or pressure grouting consolidation body.

7. The anti-floating underground building according to claim 4, characterized in that, The counterweight body is concrete.

8. The anti-floating underground building according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the anti-floating underground building is one-story, there is or is no overburden soil above the top plate. When the anti-floating underground building is two or more stories, there is or is no overburden soil above the top plate of the topmost anti-floating underground building.

9. The anti-floating underground building according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The anti-floating force design value formed by multiplying the sum of the first anti-floating force, the second anti-floating force and other anti-floating forces by a coefficient is greater than the buoyancy value, so as to prevent the underground building from floating due to the influence of groundwater.

10. The anti-floating underground building according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The underground building is a one-story or two-or-more-story anti-floating underground building, and / or the underground building is an underground garage.

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