Marine ammonia grading treatment system and ammonia fuel powered ship

Abstract

The present invention provides a marine ammonia graded treatment system, including an ammonia discharge pipeline, an ammonia storage tank, a heat exchanger, a first ejector, a water supply tank, a cyclone separator, an ammonia water supply tank, a second ejector, an ammonia water storage tank, a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a dual-fluid spray gun, an SCR mixer, an SCR reactor, a ship exhaust pipeline and a smoke exhaust pipeline. The marine ammonia graded treatment system provided by the present invention, through reasonable design, enables the ammonia discharged during the operation of the ship to be continuously, stably and efficiently absorbed, ultimately resulting in no ammonia release from the ship, and can be used for ship exhaust denitrification treatment, thereby ensuring the safety of the ship's navigation. The present invention also provides an ammonia fuel-powered ship.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ships, and in particular to a marine ammonia classification treatment system and an ammonia fuel-powered ship. Background Art

[0002] Since ammonia does not contain carbon and can be used as fuel, it has received widespread attention internationally and has broad market prospects. The International Energy Agency predicts that in the context of net zero emissions, low-carbon electricity, bioenergy, hydrogen and ammonia fuels will provide more than 70% of terminal energy demand, and it is expected that more than 60% of new ships will use ammonia or hydrogen fuel by 2060; Alfa Laval, a well-known foreign ship supporting manufacturer, pointed out in the "Marine Ammonia Fuel Research White Paper" that ammonia is a high-value, low-risk marine fuel that can actually power at least one-third of the world's ships; ABS also proposed that zero-carbon fuels such as ammonia and hydrogen have great potential to reduce the carbon footprint of transportation during the use of ships.

[0003] According to the MAN-ES company's engine entry parameter requirements, ammonia fuel-powered ships in the future need to reconfigure a new ammonia fuel supply system. Due to the toxicity of ammonia, low concentrations of ammonia can irritate the eyes, lungs and skin, and high concentrations or direct contact can immediately endanger life. Its symptoms include difficulty breathing, chest pain, bronchospasm, and the most serious case is pulmonary edema, which leads to respiratory failure. Skin contact with high concentrations of anhydrous ammonia may cause severe chemical burns. In addition to damaging the cornea, contact between human eyes and ammonia can also cause pain, tearing, redness, swelling, glaucoma and cataracts. The allowable mass concentration for short-term contact does not exceed 30ppm. DNV and other classification society specifications clearly point out that in order to protect ship personnel from exposure to ammonia environment, the main focus should be to avoid the discharge of ammonia during normal operation. Therefore, it is urgent to treat the ammonia discharged during the operation of the ammonia fuel supply system to ensure that there is no ammonia emission during normal operation of the system, thereby ensuring the safety of the ship during navigation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a marine ammonia classification treatment system, which aims to solve or at least partially solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology. Through reasonable design, the ammonia discharged during the operation of the ship can be continuously and stably absorbed, and finally no ammonia is released from the ship, thereby ensuring the safety of the ship's navigation.

[0005] The present invention provides a marine ammonia classification treatment system, comprising an ammonia discharge pipeline, an ammonia storage tank, a heat exchanger, a first ejector, a water supply tank, a cyclone separator, an ammonia water supply tank, a second ejector, an ammonia water storage tank, a first water pump, a second water pump, a third water pump, a dual-fluid spray gun, an SCR mixer, an SCR reactor, a ship exhaust pipeline and a smoke exhaust pipeline;

[0006] The ammonia discharge pipeline is communicated with the inlet of the ammonia storage tank, the outlet of the ammonia storage tank is communicated with the ammonia inlet of the heat exchanger, the ammonia outlet of the heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the ammonia inlet of the dual-fluid spray gun through a connecting pipeline, and the other path is communicated with the inlet of the first injector, the outlet of the first injector is communicated with the inlet of the cyclone separator, and the outlet of the water makeup tank is communicated with the injection inlet of the first injector; the bottom outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the inlet of the ammonia water supply tank, and the top outlet of the cyclone separator is communicated with the injection inlet of the second injector; the bottom outlet of the ammonia water storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the first water pump, the outlet of the first water pump is communicated with the inlet of the second injector, the outlet of the second injector is communicated with the inlet of the ammonia water storage tank, and the bottom outlet of the ammonia water storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the ammonia water supply tank;

[0007] The bottom outlet of the ammonia water supply tank is communicated with the inlet of the second water pump, the outlet of the second water pump is communicated with the ammonia water inlet of the dual-fluid spray gun, and the dual-fluid spray gun extends into the SCR mixer;

[0008] The ship exhaust pipeline is connected to the inlet of the SCR mixer, the outlet of the SCR mixer is connected to the inlet of the SCR reactor, and the outlet of the SCR reactor is connected to the exhaust pipeline; a heat exchange pipe is provided in the exhaust pipeline, and both ends of the heat exchange pipe are respectively connected to the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger, and the third water pump is arranged on the pipeline between the heat exchange pipe and the heat exchange medium inlet or the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger.

[0009] Furthermore, the top outlet of the ammonia water storage tank is connected to the connecting pipeline, the ammonia water storage tank is provided with a first pressure sensor and a first ammonia concentration sensor, a first switch valve is provided on the pipeline between the top outlet of the ammonia water storage tank and the connecting pipeline, a second switch valve is provided on the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the ammonia water storage tank and the inlet of the ammonia water supply tank, the first pressure sensor is connected to the first switch valve signal, and the first ammonia concentration sensor is connected to the second switch valve signal.

[0010] Furthermore, the top outlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank is connected to the connecting pipeline, a second pressure sensor and a second ammonia concentration sensor are provided on the ammonia water supply storage tank, an ammonia gas sensor is provided on the smoke exhaust pipeline, a third switch valve is provided on the pipeline between the top outlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank and the connecting pipeline, a fourth switch valve is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the second water pump and the ammonia water inlet of the dual-fluid spray gun, the second pressure sensor is connected to the third switch valve signal, and the ammonia gas sensor and the second ammonia concentration sensor are both connected to the fourth switch valve signal.

[0011] Furthermore, the marine ammonia graded treatment system also includes a vaporizer, the bottom outlet of the ammonia storage tank is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet of the vaporizer, the liquid ammonia outlet of the vaporizer is connected to the inlet of the ammonia storage tank, and the two ends of the heat exchange tube are also respectively connected to the heat exchange medium inlet and heat exchange medium outlet of the vaporizer.

[0012] Furthermore, the marine ammonia graded treatment system also includes a reflux pipeline, which is connected to the bottom outlet of the ammonia storage tank; a first liquid level gauge is provided on the ammonia storage tank, a fifth switch valve is provided on the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the ammonia storage tank and the liquid ammonia inlet of the vaporizer, a sixth switch valve is provided on the reflux pipeline, and the first liquid level gauge is simultaneously connected to the fifth switch valve and the sixth switch valve signals.

[0013] Furthermore, a third pressure sensor is provided on the ammonia storage tank, a seventh switch valve is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the ammonia storage tank and the ammonia inlet of the heat exchanger, and the third pressure sensor is signal-connected to the seventh switch valve.

[0014] Furthermore, an inverted U-shaped pipe is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the water replenishment tank and the injection inlet of the first ejector.

[0015] Furthermore, a spray device is provided in the ammonia water storage tank, and the outlet of the second injector is connected to the spray device.

[0016] Furthermore, the marine ammonia staged treatment system further comprises an expansion water tank, the outlet of which is connected to a pipeline between the heat exchange pipe and a heat exchange medium inlet or a heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger.

[0017] The present invention also provides an ammonia fuel powered ship, comprising the above-mentioned marine ammonia graded processing system.

[0018] The marine ammonia graded treatment system provided by the present invention realizes that ammonia is completely absorbed by water by arranging a two-stage injector, an ammonia water supply tank and an ammonia water storage tank; at the same time, the two-stage injector is respectively linked with a cyclone separator, a heat exchanger and a water supply tank to realize automatic absorption of ammonia by water, and improves the gas-liquid separation effect of ammonia and ammonia water and the ammonia absorption efficiency; at the same time, by arranging a heat exchange tube in the exhaust pipe, the waste heat of the ship's exhaust gas is used to heat the ammonia, so that the ammonia is expanded and pressurized, and the pressurized ammonia can be used as the main fluid of the injector and the atomizing gas source of the dual-fluid spray gun, and the pressurized ammonia can be used to make the ammonia water and the ship's exhaust gas evenly mixed in the SCR mixer, and the uniform injection of ammonia can be achieved without an external gas source, and the ammonia treatment and the SCR denitration treatment are carried out in combination to realize the complete absorption of ammonia and the exhaust gas denitration treatment. The marine ammonia graded treatment system provided by the present invention, through reasonable design, enables the ammonia discharged during the operation of the ship to be continuously, stably and efficiently absorbed, ultimately resulting in no ammonia release from the ship, and can be used for ship exhaust denitrification treatment, thereby ensuring the safety of the ship's navigation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a marine ammonia classification treatment system in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like (if any) in the description and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular sequence or order.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the marine ammonia graded treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes an ammonia discharge pipeline 11, an ammonia storage tank 1, a heat exchanger 2, a first injector 3, a water supply tank 4, a gas-liquid separator 56, an ammonia water supply storage tank 5, a second injector 63, an ammonia water storage tank 6, a first water pump 61, a second water pump 52, a third water pump 73, a dual-fluid spray gun 9, an SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction, selective catalytic reduction technology) mixer 81, an SCR reactor 82, a ship exhaust pipeline 84 and a smoke exhaust pipeline 8;

[0023] The ammonia discharge pipeline 11 is connected to the inlet of the ammonia storage tank 1, and the outlet of the ammonia storage tank 1 is connected to the ammonia inlet of the heat exchanger 2. The ammonia outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to the ammonia inlet of the dual-fluid spray gun 9 through the connecting pipeline 23, and the other is connected to the inlet of the first injector 3. The outlet of the first injector 3 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 56, and the outlet of the water supply tank 4 is connected to the injection inlet of the first injector 3; the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator 56 is connected to the inlet of the ammonia water supply tank 5, and the top outlet of the gas-liquid separator 56 is connected to the injection inlet of the second injector 63; the bottom outlet of the ammonia water storage tank 6 is connected to the inlet of the first water pump 61, and the outlet of the first water pump 61 is connected to the inlet of the second injector 63, and the outlet of the second injector 63 is connected to the inlet of the ammonia water storage tank 6, and the bottom outlet of the ammonia water storage tank 6 is connected to the inlet of the ammonia water supply tank 5;

[0024] The bottom outlet of the ammonia water supply tank 5 is connected to the inlet of the second water pump 52, and the outlet of the second water pump 52 is connected to the ammonia water inlet of the dual-fluid spray gun 9, and the dual-fluid spray gun 9 extends into the SCR mixer 81;

[0025] The ship exhaust gas pipeline 84 is connected to the inlet of the SCR mixer 81, the outlet of the SCR mixer 81 is connected to the inlet of the SCR reactor 82, and the outlet of the SCR reactor 82 is connected to the smoke exhaust pipeline 8; a heat exchange pipe 83 is provided in the smoke exhaust pipeline 8, and the two ends of the heat exchange pipe 83 are respectively connected to the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger 2. The third water pump 73 is arranged on the pipeline between the heat exchange pipe 83 and the heat exchange medium inlet or the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger 2, and the heat energy of the exhaust gas in the smoke exhaust pipeline 8 is used to heat and expand the ammonia through the heat exchange medium, so that the flow rate of the ammonia is increased.

[0026] Specifically, when the engine is running in ammonia fuel mode (i.e., when the engine is burning ammonia as fuel), there will be the following ammonia emission conditions: 1. Ammonia fuel stored in the nitrogen purge pipeline; 2. Ammonia fuel stored on the corresponding breather valve pipeline when the ammonia fuel supply double-stop breather valve is running; 3. Ammonia fuel released by the overpressure piping system through the safety valve during system operation; 4. Ammonia vapor in the ammonia fuel tank. The above-mentioned ammonia emissions are collected and uniformly enter the ammonia storage tank 1 through the ammonia emission pipeline 11, and the gas phase and liquid phase are separated in the ammonia storage tank 1.

[0027] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the ammonia water storage tank 6 is replenished with water through the tap water supply pipeline 67. The top outlet of the ammonia water storage tank 6 is connected to the connecting pipeline 23, and the ammonia water storage tank 6 is provided with a first pressure sensor 65 and a first ammonia concentration sensor 68. A first switch valve 66 is provided on the pipeline between the top outlet of the ammonia water storage tank 6 and the connecting pipeline 23, and a second switch valve 69 is provided on the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the ammonia water storage tank 6 and the inlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank 5. The first pressure sensor 65 is connected to the first switch valve 66 by signal, and the first ammonia concentration sensor 68 is connected to the second switch valve 69 by signal.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first ammonia concentration sensor 68 is used to detect the concentration of ammonia water in the ammonia water storage tank 6. When the concentration of ammonia water in the ammonia water storage tank 6 reaches a set value, the second switch valve 69 is automatically opened to replenish the ammonia water in the ammonia water storage tank 6 into the ammonia water supply storage tank 5. The first pressure sensor 65 is used to detect the pressure in the ammonia water storage tank 6. When the pressure in the ammonia water storage tank 6 reaches a set value, the first switch valve 66 is automatically opened to discharge residual gases such as nitrogen that are not absorbed by water in the upper space of the ammonia water storage tank 6 to the connecting pipeline 23, and finally sprayed into the smoke exhaust pipeline 8 through the dual-fluid spray gun 9 for discharge.

[0029] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in the present embodiment, the top outlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank 5 is connected to the connecting pipeline 23, a second pressure sensor 54 and a second ammonia concentration sensor 53 are provided on the ammonia water supply storage tank 5, an ammonia gas sensor 85 is provided on the smoke exhaust pipeline 8, a third switch valve 55 is provided on the pipeline between the top outlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank 5 and the connecting pipeline 23, a fourth switch valve 51 is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the second water pump 52 and the ammonia water inlet of the dual-fluid spray gun 9, the second pressure sensor 54 is signal-connected to the third switch valve 55, and the ammonia gas sensor 85 and the second ammonia concentration sensor 53 are both signal-connected to the fourth switch valve 51.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment, the second ammonia concentration sensor 53 is used to detect the concentration of ammonia in the ammonia supply tank 5, and the ammonia sensor 85 is used to detect the concentration of ammonia in the smoke exhaust pipeline 8. In the denitration process, the opening of the fourth switch valve 51 is controlled by the concentration of ammonia in the ammonia supply tank 5 and the concentration of ammonia in the smoke exhaust pipeline 8, so that the ammonia escape amount after the denitration reaction is minimized (if the supply of ammonia is too large, although the denitration reaction will be more complete, the ammonia escape amount will increase; if the supply of ammonia is too small, although the ammonia escape amount will decrease, the denitration reaction will be incomplete, so the supply of ammonia needs to be adjusted to a suitable level). The second pressure sensor 54 is used to detect the pressure in the ammonia supply tank 5. When the pressure in the ammonia supply tank 5 reaches the set value, the third switch valve 55 is automatically opened to discharge the residual gas such as nitrogen that is not absorbed by water in the upper space of the ammonia supply tank 5 to the connecting pipeline 23, and finally sprayed into the smoke exhaust pipeline 8 through the dual-fluid spray gun 9 for discharge.

[0031] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the marine ammonia staging treatment system also includes a vaporizer 19, the bottom outlet of the ammonia storage tank 1 is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet of the vaporizer 19, the liquid ammonia outlet of the vaporizer 19 is connected to the inlet of the ammonia storage tank 1, and the two ends of the heat exchange pipe 83 are also connected to the heat exchange medium inlet and heat exchange medium outlet of the vaporizer 19 respectively.

[0032] Specifically, the liquid ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 1 is heated and vaporized by the vaporizer 19, so that the internal pressure of the ammonia storage tank 1 increases, thereby promoting the discharge of ammonia gas in the ammonia storage tank 1 and increasing the pressure of the ammonia gas when it is discharged.

[0033] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the marine ammonia classification treatment system also includes a reflux pipeline 18, which is connected to the bottom outlet of the ammonia storage tank 1; a first liquid level gauge 15 is provided on the ammonia storage tank 1, a fifth switch valve 16 is provided on the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the ammonia storage tank 1 and the liquid ammonia inlet of the vaporizer 19, a sixth switch valve 17 is provided on the reflux pipeline 18, and the first liquid level gauge 15 is signal-connected to the fifth switch valve 16 and the sixth switch valve 17 at the same time.

[0034] Specifically, the first liquid level meter 15 is used to monitor the liquid level of liquid ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 1. After the liquid ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 1 reaches a certain liquid level height, the sixth switch valve 17 opens, and the liquid ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 1 returns to the ammonia fuel tank (not shown) through the reflux pipeline 18.

[0035] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a third pressure sensor 14 is provided on the ammonia storage tank 1, a seventh switch valve 13 is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the ammonia storage tank 1 and the ammonia inlet of the heat exchanger 2, and the third pressure sensor 14 is signal-connected to the seventh switch valve 13.

[0036] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a second liquid level gauge 43 is provided on the water supply tank 4, and the water supply tank 4 is replenished with water through a first water supply pipeline (not numbered in the figure). A third valve 42 is provided on the first water supply pipeline, and the second liquid level gauge 43 is signal-connected to the third valve 42; when the liquid level in the water supply tank 4 is too low, the third valve 42 automatically opens to replenish water into the water supply tank 4.

[0037] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, an inverted U-shaped pipe 41 is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the water replenishment tank 4 and the injection inlet of the first ejector 3.

[0038] Specifically, in order to prevent the water in the water replenishing tank 4 from directly flowing into the first injector 3, an inverted U-shaped tube 41 is provided so that when ammonia gas passes through the first injector 3, the water in the water replenishing tank 4 is injected into the first injector 3, and then mixed with the ammonia gas in the first injector 3 to form ammonia water.

[0039] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a spray device 64 is provided in the ammonia water storage tank 6 , and the outlet of the second injector 63 is connected to the spray device 64 .

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, the spray device 64 includes a spray pipe and a spray head, and the spray device 64 is used to evenly spray the ammonia water into the ammonia water storage tank 6 , thereby absorbing the ammonia gas remaining in the upper space of the ammonia water storage tank 6 .

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the marine ammonia staged treatment system further includes an expansion water tank 7, the outlet of the expansion water tank 7 is connected to the pipeline between the heat exchange pipe 83 and the heat exchange medium inlet or the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger 2.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the expansion tank 7 is used to add heat exchange medium to the pipeline (in this embodiment, the heat exchange medium is water, and of course it can also be other heat exchange liquids). The expansion tank 7 is replenished with water through a second water replenishment pipeline (not numbered in the figure), a fifth valve 72 is provided on the second water replenishment pipeline, and a third liquid level gauge 71 is provided on the expansion tank 7, and the third liquid level gauge 71 is connected to the fifth valve 72 by signal; when the liquid level in the expansion tank 7 is too low, the fifth valve 72 is automatically opened to replenish water into the expansion tank 7.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the marine ammonia classification treatment system further includes a pressure relief pipeline 10, one end of which is connected to the ammonia storage tank 1, and the other end of which is connected to the pipeline between the outlet of the ammonia storage tank 1 and the ammonia inlet of the heat exchanger 2. A safety valve 12 is provided on the pressure relief pipeline 10. When the pressure in the ammonia storage tank 1 is overpressure and emergency pressure relief is required, the safety valve 12 automatically opens to discharge the ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 1, thereby reducing the pressure in the ammonia storage tank 1.

[0044] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a first valve 21 is provided on the pipeline between the ammonia outlet of the heat exchanger 2 and the inlet of the first injector 3, a second valve 22 is provided on the connecting pipeline 23, a fourth valve 62 is provided on the outlet pipeline of the first water pump 61, and a sixth valve 74 is provided on the outlet pipeline of the third water pump 73.

[0045] Specifically, the working process of the marine ammonia classification treatment system of this embodiment is as follows:

[0046] 1. Ammonia gas discharged during the operation of the ship is collected and uniformly enters the ammonia storage tank 1 through the ammonia discharge pipeline 11, and the gas phase and liquid phase are separated in the ammonia storage tank 1; the liquid ammonia level in the ammonia storage tank 1 is monitored in real time by the first liquid level meter 15. When the liquid ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 1 reaches a certain liquid level, the sixth switch valve 17 is opened, and the liquid ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 1 is returned to the ammonia fuel tank through the reflux pipeline 18.

[0047] 2. When the ammonia gas discharge volume is large during the operation of the ammonia fuel supply system, the ammonia water preparation process is started. At this time, based on the liquid level height in the ammonia storage tank 1, the fifth switch valve 16 is opened, and the liquid ammonia is heated and vaporized by the vaporizer 19 and then returns to the upper part of the ammonia storage tank 1, so that the pressure in the ammonia storage tank 1 is increased; at the same time, the pressure in the ammonia storage tank 1 is monitored by the third pressure sensor 14. When the pressure reaches a certain level, the seventh switch valve 13 is opened, and the ammonia gas in the ammonia storage tank 1 is discharged and continues to be heated and heated by the heat exchanger 2. The volume of the ammonia gas expands and the flow rate increases. At this time, the pressurized ammonia gas can achieve two functions:

[0048] a. The first valve 21 is opened, and the high-flow ammonia gas is used as the main fluid of the first injector 3 to draw the water in the water replenishment tank 4, and the ammonia gas is absorbed in the first injector 3 to form ammonia water, and then enters the cyclone separator 56 to separate the residual ammonia gas and ammonia water; the separated ammonia water flows into the ammonia water supply tank 5, and the residual ammonia gas is absorbed by the water through the second injector 63. Among them, the first injector 3 uses high-speed ammonia gas as the main fluid, and uses negative pressure to suck the water in the water replenishment tank 4 at the neck position of the first injector 3, and uses water to absorb ammonia gas to form ammonia water. An inverted U-shaped water outlet pipe 41 is set between the water replenishment tank 4 and the first injector 3. When the first injector 3 is not in operation, no water is replenished. When the first injector 3 is in operation, water is sucked in, realizing the function of automatic water replenishment when the first injector 3 is in operation.

[0049] A special flow channel is provided inside the cyclone separator 56 to achieve gas-liquid separation of ammonia gas and ammonia water. The ammonia gas serves as the induced flow of the second injector 63 and is finally absorbed by the circulating water in the ammonia water storage tank 6. After being pressurized by the first water pump 61, the circulating water flows into the second injector 63 through the fourth valve 62 as the main fluid, and then is evenly sprayed into the ammonia water storage tank 6 through the spray device 64 in the ammonia water storage tank 6, and absorbs the remaining ammonia gas in the upper space of the ammonia water storage tank 6 again.

[0050] A first ammonia concentration sensor 68 is provided on the ammonia storage tank 6 to detect the concentration of ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 6. When the concentration of ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 6 reaches a set value, the second switch valve 69 is automatically opened to replenish the ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 6 into the ammonia supply storage tank 5. A first pressure sensor 65 is provided on the ammonia storage tank 6 to detect the pressure in the ammonia storage tank 6. When the pressure in the ammonia storage tank 6 reaches a set value, the first switch valve 66 is automatically opened to discharge residual gases such as nitrogen in the upper space of the ammonia storage tank 6 that are not absorbed by water to the connecting pipeline 23, and finally sprayed into the smoke exhaust pipeline 8 through the dual-fluid spray gun 9 for discharge.

[0051] A second pressure sensor 54 is provided on the ammonia supply tank 5 to detect the pressure in the ammonia supply tank 5. When the pressure in the ammonia supply tank 5 reaches a set value, the third switch valve 55 is automatically opened to discharge residual gases such as nitrogen that is not absorbed by water in the upper space of the ammonia supply tank 5 to the connecting pipeline 23, and finally sprayed into the smoke exhaust pipeline 8 through the dual-fluid spray gun 9 for discharge.

[0052] b. The second valve 22 is opened, and the pressurized ammonia is used as the power source of the dual-fluid spray gun 9 to drive the ammonia water from the ammonia water supply tank 5 to be sprayed into the SCR mixer 81, providing ammonia for the SCR reaction. Ammonia gas and ammonia water are fully mixed with the flue gas from the ship exhaust pipeline 84 in the SCR mixer 81 and then enter the SCR reactor 82 to achieve denitration of the ship exhaust gas. During the denitration process, ammonia water is pumped into the SCR mixer 81 through the second water pump 52, and the ammonia concentration in the exhaust gas is detected by the ammonia sensor 85, and the ammonia water concentration is detected by the second ammonia concentration sensor 53, and the opening of the fourth switch valve 51 is closed-loop controlled to minimize the amount of ammonia escape after the denitration reaction.

[0053] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an ammonia fuel-powered ship, comprising the above-mentioned marine ammonia staged treatment system.

[0054] The marine ammonia graded treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present invention realizes that ammonia is completely absorbed by water by arranging a two-stage injector 3 / 63, an ammonia supply storage tank 5 and an ammonia storage tank 6; at the same time, the two-stage injector 3 / 63 is respectively linked with the cyclone separator 56, the heat exchanger 2 and the water supply tank 4 to realize automatic absorption of ammonia by water, and improve the gas-liquid separation effect of ammonia and ammonia water and the ammonia absorption efficiency; at the same time, by arranging a heat exchange tube 83 in the exhaust pipe 8, the waste heat of the ship's exhaust gas is used to heat the ammonia, so that the ammonia is expanded and pressurized, and the pressurized ammonia can be used as the main fluid of the first injector 3 and the atomizing gas source of the dual-fluid spray gun 9. The pressurized ammonia can be used to make the ammonia water and the ship's exhaust gas evenly mixed in the SCR mixer 81, and the uniform injection of ammonia can be achieved without an external gas source. The ammonia treatment is carried out in conjunction with the SCR denitrification treatment to achieve complete absorption of ammonia and exhaust gas denitrification treatment. The marine ammonia classification treatment system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, through reasonable design, enables the ammonia discharged during the operation of the ship to be continuously, stably and efficiently absorbed, ultimately resulting in no ammonia release from the ship, and can be used for ship exhaust denitrification treatment, thereby ensuring the safety of ship navigation. The advantages of the marine ammonia classification treatment system include:

[0055] 1. Setting up a two-stage ejector 3 / 63 to achieve complete absorption of ammonia: By setting up a two-stage ejector 3 / 63, the first ejector 3 uses ammonia as the main fluid, and by ejecting water, achieves primary absorption of ammonia; the second ejector 63 uses water as the main fluid, and by ejecting ammonia, achieves secondary absorption of ammonia. By setting up a two-stage ejector 3 / 63, complete absorption of ammonia is achieved;

[0056] 2. The second ejector 63 and the cyclone separator 56 work in conjunction to improve the gas-liquid separation effect: the gas phase outlet of the cyclone separator 56 is connected to the ejection fluid inlet of the second ejector 63, so that the outlet of the cyclone separator 56 has suction. As long as there is gas phase separated from the cyclone separator 56, it will be ejected into the water circulation pipe system by the second ejector 63, so that the ammonia is absorbed by the water, thereby improving the gas-liquid separation effect of the cyclone separator 56;

[0057] 3. The first ejector 3 and the heat exchanger 2 work in conjunction to improve the ammonia absorption effect: the heat exchanger 2 is added at the front end of the main fluid inlet of the first ejector 3 to increase the temperature of the ammonia entering the first ejector 3, thereby increasing the ammonia flow rate, thereby better ejecting the water in the water supply tank 4 and improving the ammonia absorption effect;

[0058] 4. The first ejector 3 and the water supply tank 4 work in conjunction to realize automatic absorption of ammonia by water: an inverted U-shaped tube 41 is provided at the outlet of the water supply tank 4, so that when there is no ejected fluid, the water in the water supply tank 4 is in a water-sealed state and no water flows out; when the first ejector 3 is working, the water in the water supply tank 4 will be ejected into the first ejector 3, realizing automatic absorption of ammonia;

[0059] 5. The vaporizer 19 and the ammonia storage tank 1 work in conjunction to achieve self-pressurization of ammonia: the vaporizer 19 is provided for the ammonia storage tank 1 to vaporize the liquid ammonia at the bottom of the ammonia storage tank 1 into ammonia gas and return it to the top of the ammonia storage tank 1, thereby increasing the internal pressure of the ammonia storage tank 1. The pressurized ammonia gas can be used as the main fluid of the first injector 3 and the atomizing gas source of the dual-fluid spray gun 9;

[0060] 6. Utilize the waste heat of ship exhaust gas to achieve ammonia heating and temperature increase: by arranging a heat exchange pipe 83 in the exhaust pipe 8, the waste heat of ship exhaust gas is used to heat the water in the heat exchange pipe. The water circulates in a closed loop in the circulation pipe, and an expansion water tank 7 is arranged to achieve automatic water replenishment to ensure the supply of hot water, thereby achieving ammonia heating and temperature increase;

[0061] 7. Ammonia treatment and denitration treatment are combined to achieve ammonia absorption and tail gas denitration treatment: The system is equipped with a multi-stage ammonia absorption device, and a certain concentration of ammonia water is obtained through treatment. The ammonia water is used as a reducing agent in the SCR denitration reaction and is sprayed into the SCR mixer 81 and the SCR reactor 82 to achieve ammonia absorption and tail gas denitration treatment;

[0062] 8. A dual-fluid spray gun 9 of ammonia gas and ammonia water is provided to realize uniform spraying of ammonia without the need for an external gas source: a dual-fluid spray gun 9 of ammonia gas and ammonia water is provided, and pressurized ammonia gas and ammonia water are mixed and sprayed inside the dual-fluid spray gun 9. Without the need for an external gas source, ammonia can be uniformly sprayed into the SCR reaction device, thereby fully causing a denitration reaction.

[0063] Example 1:

[0064] When the system starts ammonia treatment, liquid ammonia flows from the ammonia storage tank 1 into the vaporizer 19, and enters the top of the ammonia storage tank 1 after vaporization. The pressure in the ammonia storage tank 1 increases continuously. When the set pressure is reached, the seventh switch valve 13 is opened, the first injector 3 starts to work, and the ammonia flowing at a high speed enters the first injector 3. Negative pressure is generated inside the first injector 3, and the water in the water replenishment tank 4 automatically flows into the first injector 3. Ammonia is absorbed in the first stage, and the generated gas-liquid mixture flows into the cyclone separator 56 to separate ammonia water and ammonia gas; at this time, the second injector 63 uses water as the main fluid to eject the gas phase material in the cyclone separator 56 to achieve the second-stage absorption of ammonia. The complete absorption of ammonia is achieved by setting up the two-stage injector.

[0065] Through the above operation process, it is found that the ammonia released in the ammonia storage tank 1 can be completely absorbed.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] When the system starts denitrification treatment, liquid ammonia flows from the ammonia storage tank 1 into the vaporizer 19, and enters the top of the ammonia storage tank 1 after vaporization. The pressure in the ammonia storage tank 1 continues to increase. When the set pressure is reached, the seventh switch valve 13 is opened, and ammonia gas is sprayed into the dual-fluid spray gun 9; at the same time, ammonia water is pumped in through the second water pump 52. At this time, the mixture of ammonia gas and ammonia water is evenly sprayed into the SCR mixer 81, and then enters the SCR reactor 82, thereby realizing efficient denitrification treatment of ship exhaust gas.

[0068] Through the above operation process, it was found that the ammonia gas and ammonia water produced by the system can achieve efficient denitrification treatment of ship exhaust gas.

[0069] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A marine ammonia classification treatment system, characterized in that: It comprises an ammonia discharge pipeline (11), an ammonia storage tank (1), a heat exchanger (2), a first ejector (3), a water supply tank (4), a cyclone separator (56), an ammonia water supply storage tank (5), a second ejector (63), an ammonia water storage tank (6), a first water pump (61), a second water pump (52), a third water pump (73), a dual-fluid spray gun (9), an SCR mixer (81), an SCR reactor (82), a ship exhaust pipeline (84) and a smoke exhaust pipeline (8); The ammonia discharge pipeline (11) is connected to the inlet of the ammonia storage tank (1), the outlet of the ammonia storage tank (1) is connected to the ammonia inlet of the heat exchanger (2), the ammonia outlet of the heat exchanger (2) is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the ammonia inlet of the dual-fluid spray gun (9) through the connecting pipeline (23), and the other path is connected to the inlet of the first injector (3), the outlet of the first injector (3) is connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator (56), and the outlet of the water supply tank (4) is connected to the injection inlet of the first injector (3); The bottom outlet of the cyclone separator (56) is communicated with the inlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank (5), and the top outlet of the cyclone separator (56) is communicated with the injection inlet of the second ejector (63); the bottom outlet of the ammonia water storage tank (6) is communicated with the inlet of the first water pump (61), the outlet of the first water pump (61) is communicated with the inlet of the second ejector (63), the outlet of the second ejector (63) is communicated with the inlet of the ammonia water storage tank (6), and the bottom outlet of the ammonia water storage tank (6) is communicated with the inlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank (5); The bottom outlet of the ammonia water supply tank (5) is communicated with the inlet of the second water pump (52), the outlet of the second water pump (52) is communicated with the ammonia water inlet of the dual-fluid spray gun (9), and the dual-fluid spray gun (9) extends into the SCR mixer (81); The ship exhaust gas pipeline (84) is connected to the inlet of the SCR mixer (81), the outlet of the SCR mixer (81) is connected to the inlet of the SCR reactor (82), and the outlet of the SCR reactor (82) is connected to the smoke exhaust pipeline (8); a heat exchange pipe (83) is provided in the smoke exhaust pipeline (8), and the two ends of the heat exchange pipe (83) are respectively connected to the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger (2); the third water pump (73) is arranged on the pipeline between the heat exchange pipe (83) and the heat exchange medium inlet or the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger (2).

2. The marine ammonia classification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top outlet of the ammonia water storage tank (6) is connected to the connecting pipeline (23); a first pressure sensor (65) and a first ammonia concentration sensor (68) are provided on the ammonia water storage tank (6); a first switch valve (66) is provided on the pipeline between the top outlet of the ammonia water storage tank (6) and the connecting pipeline (23); a second switch valve (69) is provided on the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the ammonia water storage tank (6) and the inlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank (5); the first pressure sensor (65) is signal-connected to the first switch valve (66); and the first ammonia concentration sensor (68) is signal-connected to the second switch valve (69).

3. The marine ammonia classification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top outlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank (5) is connected to the connecting pipeline (23); the ammonia water supply storage tank (5) is provided with a second pressure sensor (54) and a second ammonia concentration sensor (53); the smoke exhaust pipeline (8) is provided with an ammonia sensor (85); a third switch valve (55) is provided on the pipeline between the top outlet of the ammonia water supply storage tank (5) and the connecting pipeline (23); a fourth switch valve (51) is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the second water pump (52) and the ammonia water inlet of the dual-fluid spray gun (9); the second pressure sensor (54) is signal-connected to the third switch valve (55); the ammonia sensor (85) and the second ammonia concentration sensor (53) are both signal-connected to the fourth switch valve (51).

4. The marine ammonia classification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marine ammonia classification treatment system further comprises a vaporizer (19), the bottom outlet of the ammonia storage tank (1) is connected to the liquid ammonia inlet of the vaporizer (19), the liquid ammonia outlet of the vaporizer (19) is connected to the inlet of the ammonia storage tank (1), and both ends of the heat exchange pipe (83) are respectively connected to the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet of the vaporizer (19).

5. The marine ammonia classification treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The marine ammonia classification treatment system further comprises a reflux pipeline (18), wherein the reflux pipeline (18) is in communication with the bottom outlet of the ammonia storage tank (1); a first liquid level gauge (15) is provided on the ammonia storage tank (1); a fifth switch valve (16) is provided on the pipeline between the bottom outlet of the ammonia storage tank (1) and the liquid ammonia inlet of the vaporizer (19); a sixth switch valve (17) is provided on the reflux pipeline (18); and the first liquid level gauge (15) is simultaneously signal-connected to the fifth switch valve (16) and the sixth switch valve (17).

6. The marine ammonia classification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia storage tank (1) is provided with a third pressure sensor (14), a seventh switch valve (13) is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the ammonia storage tank (1) and the ammonia inlet of the heat exchanger (2), and the third pressure sensor (14) is signal-connected to the seventh switch valve (13).

7. The marine ammonia classification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inverted U-shaped pipe (41) is provided on the pipeline between the outlet of the water replenishment tank (4) and the injection inlet of the first ejector (3).

8. The marine ammonia classification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spray device (64) is provided in the ammonia water storage tank (6), and the outlet of the second injector (63) is connected to the spray device (64).

9. The marine ammonia classification treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marine ammonia classification treatment system further comprises an expansion water tank (7), the outlet of the expansion water tank (7) being connected to the pipeline between the heat exchange pipe (83) and the heat exchange medium inlet or the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger (2).

10. An ammonia fuel powered ship, characterized in that: It comprises a marine ammonia staged treatment system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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