GIS and BIM-Based Management Method and System for Large-Scale Water Conservancy Projects

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large-scale water conservancy project management method and system based on GIS and BIM, including a three-dimensional digital earth system and a BIM system, characterized in that: the three-dimensional digital earth system supports cross-platform operation on multiple operating systems and has a topographic data export module and a BIM model import module; the BIM system supports a variety of BIM software, has a topographic data conversion plug-in, and has a topographic data import module and a BIM model export module. The advantages of the present invention are that it can achieve the deep integration of GIS terrain and BIM terrain. By importing high-precision topographic data into the three-dimensional GIS system, directly obtaining BIM topographic data from the GIS system, and then returning it to the GIS system after processing, the consistency of topographic data can be effectively guaranteed; moreover, the BIM topographic data can be converted into the standard terrain of the three-dimensional GIS, which is beneficial to the unified management of the three-dimensional GIS system. The coordinate conversion method provided by the present invention can meet the precise coordinate conversion of long-distance water conveyance projects and is beneficial to the deepening of the application of GIS and BIM fusion technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly to a management method and system for large-scale water conservancy projects based on GIS and BIM. Background Art

[0002] Water conservancy projects generally operate as a system, involving many projects, a large project scope, high construction difficulty, and far-reaching environmental impacts. It is necessary to comprehensively apply information technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information System) and BIM (Building Information Modeling) to achieve refined and intelligent management.

[0003] GIS is a technical system that collects, stores, manages, calculates, analyzes, displays, and describes relevant geospatial data in the entire or part of the earth's surface space under the support of computer hardware and software systems.

[0004] BIM is the general term for the process and result of digitally expressing the physical and functional characteristics of a construction project and its facilities throughout the life cycle, establishing a three-dimensional digital model, and designing, constructing, and operating based on this model, which can achieve refined management of engineering projects.

[0005] Since BIM is designed for single building models and lacks a description of the macro-geographical environment; GIS focuses on the display and management of the macro-geographical environment, providing various spatial query and spatial analysis functions, but lacks the ability to refine the management of projects. Therefore, through the fusion technology of BIM and GIS, multi-source data fusion can be carried out to display the project status in multiple scales and dimensions from macro to micro, from indoor to outdoor, and from above ground to underground, meeting the application management requirements of the entire process of water conservancy projects from planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance to later scheduling and operation. However, there are still many problems in the actual application of GIS + BIM in water conservancy projects, mainly including the following aspects:

[0006] First, water conservancy projects need to be designed and constructed according to the actual terrain, which is closely related to the terrain. When building a BIM model for a water conservancy project, it is usually necessary to construct the surrounding terrain and perform various excavations and backfills on the terrain. When importing the BIM terrain into a three-dimensional GIS scene, it is generally treated as an ordinary model at present. The BIM terrain and the GIS terrain are independent of each other, which is likely to cause problems such as terrain connection gaps, poor loading performance, inconsistent rendering effects, and difficulties in later scene modification;

[0007] Second, there is a problem of coordinate conversion when the BIM model is imported into the 3D GIS scene. The BIM model uses local planar coordinates, while the 3D GIS usually uses global spherical coordinates. The coordinate conversion error between the two is not obvious for small building models, but for large water conservancy projects, especially long-distance water conveyance projects, due to the long distance involved, it will cause problems such as large offsets in some areas of the model and inconsistencies between the model and the earth's curvature. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a management method and system for large water conservancy projects based on GIS and BIM.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] The management system for large water conservancy projects based on GIS and BIM of the present invention includes: a 3D digital earth system and a BIM system, characterized in that: the 3D digital earth system supports cross-platform operation on multiple operating systems, and has a terrain data export module and a BIM model import module; the BIM system supports multiple BIM software, has a terrain data conversion plug-in, and has a terrain data import module and a BIM model export module.

[0011] Further, the terrain data in the 3D digital earth system is organized using a hybrid structure of quadtree and octree, and is dynamically scheduled according to the viewpoint position and direction during the operation of the 3D digital earth system.

[0012] Further, the terrain data export module is used to export the terrain data of any area in the 3D digital earth system as a terrain data file according to the selected projection coordinate system and terrain data format.

[0013] Further, the projection coordinate systems all adopt the 2000 National Geodetic Coordinate System as the geographic coordinate system, and the projection methods include Gauss-Kruger projection, Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Lambert conformal conic projection, Mercator projection; the terrain data formats include irregular triangular network, regular grid, and contour terrain.

[0014] Further, the BIM model import module is used to convert and import the BIM data file exported from the BIM system into the 3D digital earth system to form a 3D model based on GIS and BIM.

[0015] Further, the terrain data import module in the BIM system is used to convert the terrain data file exported from the 3D digital earth system into a terrain model in the BIM system, and construct a BIM 3D model on the terrain model according to the engineering design information.

[0016] Further, the BIM model export module in the BIM system is used to export the BIM three-dimensional model into a BIM data file described by a unified description language, eliminating the differences between different BIM software.

[0017] Further, the BIM data file completely preserves the basic terrain, engineering structure, rendering materials, and projection coordinates of the terrain model and engineering model in the BIM three-dimensional model in the form of a parametric model or a high-precision triangular mesh model.

[0018] Further, the BIM data file is converted and imported into the three-dimensional digital earth system to form a three-dimensional model based on GIS and BIM, specifically including the following contents:

[0019] For the terrain model, it is directly converted into the basic terrain data organization methods of the quadtree structure and octree structure in the three-dimensional digital earth system according to the terrain complexity. According to the projection coordinate system and position information recorded in the BIM data file, the spatial position of the terrain in the terrain model in the three-dimensional digital earth system is directly calculated;

[0020] For the engineering model, first, the model components saved in the BIM data file in the form of a parametric model or a high-precision triangular mesh model are directly converted according to the local coordinate system to generate a LOD model; then, according to the actual composition structure of the engineering model, the GPU instancing technology is used to instance the model components and assemble them into a complete engineering three-dimensional model; at the same time, according to the projection coordinate system recorded in the BIM data file, the spatial positions of the instanced engineering model in the three-dimensional digital earth system are calculated respectively to form an engineering three-dimensional model based on GIS.

[0021] A large-scale water conservancy project management method based on GIS and BIM according to the present invention adopts the above-mentioned large-scale water conservancy project management system based on GIS and BIM, specifically including the following steps:

[0022] S1. Select the area where the water conservancy project is located in the three-dimensional digital earth system, select the projection coordinate system and terrain data format, and export the regional terrain as a terrain data file;

[0023] S2. Import the terrain data file into the BIM system to generate a terrain model;

[0024] S3. According to the design information of the water conservancy project, construct a water conservancy project BIM model on the terrain model;

[0025] S4. Export the BIM model into a BIM data file described by a unified description language;

[0026] S5. Convert the BIM data file and import it into the 3D digital earth system to form a 3D engineering model based on GIS.

[0027] The advantages of the present invention are that it can achieve the deep integration of GIS terrain and BIM terrain. By importing high-precision terrain data into the 3D GIS system, directly obtaining BIM terrain data from the GIS system, and then returning it to the GIS system after processing, the consistency of terrain data can be effectively guaranteed; moreover, the BIM terrain data can be converted into the standard terrain of 3D GIS, which is conducive to the unified management of the 3D GIS system.

[0028] The coordinate conversion method provided by the present invention can meet the accurate coordinate conversion of long-distance water conveyance projects, which is conducive to deepening the application of the integration technology of GIS and BIM; moreover, when converting coordinates, the mapping relationship of the model template is not damaged, and the instantiation technology can still be used to optimize the rendering performance, that is, while accurately converting the coordinates of the BIM model, the rendering performance is also taken into account. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is the framework diagram of the system of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 is the flow chart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the large-scale water conservancy project management system based on GIS and BIM of the present invention includes: a 3D digital earth system and a BIM system.

[0033] The 3D digital earth system has a terrain data export module and a BIM model import module, and supports cross-platform operation on multiple operating systems, such as Windows, Linux, Mac, Web, Android, IOS, etc.

[0034] The BIM system has a terrain data conversion plug-in, which is a BIM plug-in constructed based on the application development interface provided by BIM software, and is used to realize terrain data import and BIM model export, so as to realize the data docking between BIM software and the 3D digital earth system. The BIM system supports a variety of BIM software, including CATIA, Revit, MicroStation, etc.

[0035] In the three-dimensional digital earth system, the terrain data is organized using a hybrid structure of quadtree and octree, and is dynamically scheduled according to the viewpoint position and direction during the operation of the three-dimensional digital earth system.

[0036] For simple terrains described by DEM (full English name: Digital Elevation Model, Chinese explanation: Digital Elevation Model), a quadtree structure is adopted; for complex terrains constructed by technologies such as oblique photography and BIM, an octree structure is adopted.

[0037] A simple terrain means that for a given position P(x, y), there is a uniquely determined elevation value z, that is, z = f(x, y), which can be regarded as a 2.5-dimensional terrain.

[0038] A complex terrain means that for a given position P(x, y), there may be one or more elevation values z. For example, terrains such as tunnels and underground passages belong to true three-dimensional terrains, and it is difficult to accurately represent them through DEM.

[0039] The hybrid structure of quadtree and octree takes the quadtree structure as the basic structure, allows the octree to be a branch of the quadtree, but does not allow the quadtree to be a branch of the octree, so as to improve the terrain complexity in the local area while maintaining the simplicity and efficiency of the overall terrain structure.

[0040] The terrain data export module in the three-dimensional digital earth system is used to export the terrain data of any area in the three-dimensional digital earth system into a terrain data file according to the selected projection coordinate system, projection method, and terrain data format.

[0041] Among them, the projection coordinate system all adopts the 2000 National Geodetic Coordinate System as the geographic coordinate system. The specific projection methods include Gauss-Kruger projection, Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Lambert conformal conic projection, Mercator projection, etc.; the terrain data formats include irregular triangular network, regular grid, contour terrain, etc. Among them, the irregular triangular network format can be used to describe any complex terrain, while the regular grid and contour terrain are only applicable to simple terrains.

[0042] The terrain data import function in the BIM system reads the terrain data file exported from the three-dimensional digital earth system and generates a terrain model in the BIM system; the generated terrain model can be a solid model or a surface model. Then, according to the design information of the water conservancy project, a three-dimensional model of the water conservancy project is constructed on the generated terrain model.

[0043] The BIM model export function in the BIM system is used to export the three-dimensional model constructed by the BIM system, including the basic terrain model and the water conservancy project model, into a BIM data file described in a unified description language, eliminating the differences between different BIM software, and preserving as completely as possible the data information such as the basic terrain, engineering structure, rendering materials, and projection coordinates of the three-dimensional model. If the terrain data conversion plug-in in the BIM system can obtain the original parameters of the three-dimensional model, it is saved as a parametric model; otherwise, it is saved as a high-precision triangular mesh model.

[0044] The BIM data file can be extended based on existing data formats such as IFC and 3DXML, or redesigned in combination with the data structures of various BIM software.

[0045] The BIM model import module in the three-dimensional digital earth system is used to convert and import the BIM data file exported from the BIM system into the three-dimensional digital earth system to form an engineering three-dimensional model based on GIS. When importing the BIM model, the terrain model and the engineering model in the BIM model are processed separately:

[0046] For the terrain model, it is directly converted into the basic terrain data organization methods of the quadtree structure and the octree structure in the three-dimensional digital earth system according to the terrain complexity. According to the projection coordinate system and position information recorded in the BIM data file, the spatial position of the terrain in the terrain model in the three-dimensional digital earth system is directly calculated;

[0047] For the engineering model, first, the parametric model or high-precision triangular mesh model of each BIM component in the BIM system is directly converted according to the local coordinate system to generate a LOD (English full name: Level of Detail, Chinese interpretation: multi-detail level) model; then, according to the actual composition structure of the engineering model, the GPU instancing technology is used to instance the template model and assemble it into a complete engineering model;

[0048] When assembling the complete engineering model, according to the projection coordinate system recorded in the BIM data file, the spatial position of each instanced model in the three-dimensional digital earth system is calculated respectively to form an engineering three-dimensional model based on GIS. That is, the object of projection coordinate conversion is the instanced model, rather than the complete BIM model or each vertex in the model.

[0049] As Figure 2 shown, a large-scale water conservancy project management method based on GIS and BIM according to the present invention adopts the above-mentioned large-scale water conservancy project management system based on GIS and BIM, including the following steps:

[0050] S1. Select the area where the water conservancy project is located in the 3D digital earth system, select the projection coordinate system and topographic data format, and export the regional topography as a topographic data file;

[0051] S2. Import the topographic data file into the BIM system to generate a topographic model;

[0052] S3. Construct a BIM model of the water conservancy project on the topographic model according to the design information of the water conservancy project;

[0053] S4. Export the BIM model as a BIM data file described in a unified description language;

[0054] S5. Convert and import the BIM data file into the 3D digital earth system to form a 3D engineering model based on GIS.

Claims

1. A large-scale water conservancy project management system based on GIS and BIM, including a three-dimensional digital earth system and a BIM system, characterized in that: The three-dimensional digital earth system supports cross-platform operation on multiple operating systems and has a terrain data export module and a BIM model import module; the BIM system supports multiple BIM software, has a terrain data conversion plug-in, and has a terrain data import module and a BIM model export module; The terrain data export module is used to export the terrain data of any area in the three-dimensional digital earth system into a terrain data file according to the selected projection coordinate system and terrain data format; The terrain data in the three-dimensional digital earth system is organized in a hybrid structure of quadtree and octree, and is dynamically scheduled according to the viewpoint position and direction during the operation of the three-dimensional digital earth system; The terrain data import module in the BIM system is used to convert the terrain data file exported by the three-dimensional digital earth system into a terrain model in the BIM system, and construct a BIM three-dimensional model on the terrain model according to the engineering design information; The BIM model import module is used to convert and import the BIM data file exported by the BIM system into the three-dimensional digital earth system to form a three-dimensional model based on GIS and BIM; The conversion and import of the BIM data file into the three-dimensional digital earth system to form a three-dimensional model based on GIS and BIM specifically includes the following contents: For the terrain model, it is directly converted into the basic terrain data organization method of the quadtree structure and octree structure in the three-dimensional digital earth system according to the terrain complexity, and the spatial position of the terrain in the terrain model in the three-dimensional digital earth system is directly calculated according to the projection coordinate system and position information recorded in the BIM data file; For the engineering model, first directly convert the model components saved in the BIM data file in the form of a parametric model or a high-precision triangular mesh model according to the local coordinate system to generate a LOD model; then, according to the actual composition structure of the engineering model, use GPU instancing technology to instance the model components and assemble them into a complete engineering three-dimensional model; at the same time, according to the projection coordinate system recorded in the BIM data file, calculate the spatial position of the instanced engineering model in the three-dimensional digital earth system respectively to form an engineering three-dimensional model based on GIS.

2. The large-scale water conservancy project management system based on GIS and BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection coordinate system includes a geographic coordinate system and a projection method. The geographic coordinate system adopts the 2000 National Geodetic Coordinate System, and the projection methods include Gauss-Kruger projection, Universal Transverse Mercator projection, Lambert conformal conic projection, and Mercator projection; the terrain data formats include irregular triangular network, regular grid, and contour terrain.

3. The large-scale water conservancy project management system based on GIS and BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The BIM model export module in the BIM system is used to export the BIM three-dimensional model into a BIM data file described by a unified description language to eliminate the differences between different BIM software.

4. The large-scale water conservancy project management system based on GIS and BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The BIM data file completely stores the basic terrain, engineering structure, rendering material, and projection coordinates of the terrain model and engineering model in the BIM three-dimensional model in the form of a parametric model or a high-precision triangular mesh model.

5. A large-scale water conservancy project management method based on GIS and BIM, characterized in that: Adopt the large-scale water conservancy project management system based on GIS and BIM described in any one of claims 1 to 4, including the following steps: S1. Select the area where the water conservancy project is located in the three-dimensional digital earth system, select the projection coordinate system and topographic data format, and export the regional topography as a topographic data file; S2. Import the topographic data file into the BIM system to generate a topographic model; S3. Construct a BIM model of the water conservancy project on the topographic model according to the design information of the water conservancy project; S4. Export the BIM model as a BIM data file described in a unified description language; S5. Convert and import the BIM data file into the three-dimensional digital earth system to form a three-dimensional engineering model based on GIS.

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