A structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device, comprising a tool barrel and a roller cutter arranged in the tool barrel, a plurality of water spray pipes with fan-shaped water spray holes are circumferentially arranged on the tool barrel on the peripheral side of the roller cutter, and the water spray pipes are located at the front end of the tool barrel; a slag guide assembly is arranged at the rear end of the tool barrel, and the slag guide assembly comprises a mounting plate detachably connected to the tool barrel, a driving motor arranged on the mounting plate, a hollow slag guide column rotatably arranged in the middle of the mounting plate, a slag collecting plate and a slag storage bucket; the driving motor and the slag guide column are driven by belts, one end of the slag guide column extends into the tool barrel and meshes with the middle of the slag collecting plate, one side of the slag collecting plate is a concave conical surface, and a plurality of slag collecting strips are circumferentially arranged on the conical surface; the other end of the slag guide column extends out of the tool barrel and is detachably connected to the slag storage bucket, and the slag collecting plate, the slag guide column and the slag storage bucket are connected in sequence. The present invention prevents slag and the like from entering the tool barrel through a high water pressure "water wall", which can not only avoid the occurrence of slag calling phenomenon of the tool barrel, but also avoid eccentric wear of the roller cutter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield roller cutters, and in particular to a slag and mud accumulation prevention structure of a normal pressure cutter changing device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's economic construction, urban rail transit and subways have developed rapidly. Due to the characteristics of green, efficient and little disturbance to the ground, urban subway construction mostly uses shield machines for tunnel development.

[0003] my country's geological conditions are diverse and very complex. When encountering strata with high adhesion such as mudstone, clay, sandy clay, and sandy mudstone, the roller cutter and the excavation surface grind for a long time, always bringing clay, soil, rock debris, etc. into the cutter barrel, causing the cutter barrel to be filled with debris.

[0004] The debris in the cutter barrel has poor fluidity and is easily wrapped around the cutter, increasing the load on the cutter, causing the cutter to wear eccentrically and the blade to narrow rapidly, affecting the shield tunneling speed. In such strata, the debris in the cutter barrel is usually cleaned by stopping the machine, opening the chamber and changing the cutter, which not only requires stopping work and affects construction efficiency, but also poses a safety risk.

[0005] Some adopt water flushing to prevent the inflow of debris, such as the knife barrel of the normal pressure knife changing device with flushing function disclosed in the authorization announcement number CN212428828U. A flushing pipe is arranged in the knife barrel, and the flushing nozzle on the flushing pipe is facing the outer periphery of the roller cutter. High-pressure circulating muddy water is continuously injected into the flushing pipe and then sprayed out through the flushing nozzle to flush the cutting part of the roller cutter, thereby preventing mud and sand from accumulating and forming mud cakes.

[0006] Although the water flushing method can clean the dirt attached to the roller cutter, the flushing pipe has only one flushing nozzle and is placed outside the cutter barrel, which results in limited flushing effect. A small amount of dirt still flows into the cutter barrel. Over time, the dirt accumulates and affects the operation of the roller cutter. Therefore, a structure for preventing dirt and mud accumulation in a normal pressure cutter changing device is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problem of limited cleaning effect of existing water flushing, the present invention provides a structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device, and proposes a slag discharge and guiding structure on the basis of optimizing water flushing to effectively ensure the stable operation of the roller cutter.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure blade changing device comprises a blade barrel and a roller blade arranged in the blade barrel. The roller blade is placed in the blade barrel and rotates. A plurality of water spray pipes with fan-shaped water spray holes are provided in a circumferential direction on the blade barrel around the roller blade. The water spray pipes are convenient for washing the roller blade with water to prevent slag and mud from entering the blade barrel. The cross section of the water spray pipe is in a "" shape and is located at the front end of the blade barrel. The water spray hole faces the roller blade, and the water spray direction of the water spray hole is perpendicular to the blade of the roller blade, so that the roller blade can be effectively washed to prevent slag and mud from adhering to the blade barrel.

[0010] A slag guide assembly is provided at the rear end of the knife barrel, and the slag guide assembly includes a mounting plate detachably connected to the knife barrel, a driving motor arranged on the mounting plate, a hollow slag guide column rotatably arranged in the middle of the mounting plate, a slag collecting plate and a slag storage bucket;

[0011] The driving motor and the slag guide column are driven by a belt, which is convenient for the rotation of the slag guide column. One end of the slag guide column extends into the knife barrel and meshes with the middle part of the slag collecting plate, which is convenient for the rotation of the slag collecting plate. The slag collecting plate is rotatably connected to the knife barrel. One side of the slag collecting plate is a concave conical surface, and a plurality of arc-shaped slag collecting bars are circumferentially arranged on the conical surface.

[0012] The other end of the slag guide column extends out of the knife barrel and is detachably connected to the slag storage barrel, which is convenient for the installation of the slag storage barrel. The slag collecting plate, the slag guide column and the slag storage barrel are connected in sequence. The slag storage barrel includes a barrel body and a barrel cover detachably connected to the barrel body. The detachable structure facilitates the cleaning of slag and the like in the slag storage barrel.

[0013] Furthermore, the water spray pipe includes an axial section and a radial section, and the axial section and the radial section are connected and arranged in a "" shape. The water spray holes are evenly distributed on the axial section and the radial section to ensure the barrier effect on the debris.

[0014] Furthermore, the radial section is arranged radially along the cutter barrel, the radial section is placed at the front end of the cutter barrel, and the water spray holes on the radial section are close to the roller cutter, thereby increasing the flushing force of the high-pressure water on the roller cutter and blocking the debris for the first time; the axial section is arranged axially along the cutter barrel, one end of the axial section extends to the rear end of the cutter barrel, and there is also a water spray hole on the axial section, which blocks the debris again, and has a good flushing and blocking effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the mounting plate is disc-shaped and is arranged coaxially with the cutter barrel. The mounting plate is bolted to the rear end of the cutter barrel to close the cutter barrel. The mounting plate is detachably connected to the cutter barrel to facilitate the installation of the slag collecting plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a transmission belt is arranged between the driving motor and the slag guiding column, and the transmission belt is placed outside the knife barrel to facilitate the transmission of the driving motor power to the slag guiding column; the slag guiding column is a cylinder, one end of the slag guiding column is an outer toothed ring surface, and the middle part of the slag collecting plate is an inner toothed ring surface, and the outer toothed ring surface and the inner toothed ring surface are meshed for transmission, so as to facilitate the transmission of the power of the slag guiding column to the slag collecting plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the slag collecting plate is disc-shaped, and a sealing ring is provided between the slag collecting plate and the knife barrel to prevent high-pressure water from leaking out. The conical surface is concave from the edge of the slag collecting plate to the middle, and the conical surface is concave from the front end to the rear end of the knife barrel.

[0018] Furthermore, one side of the slag collecting bar is in contact with the conical surface, and the other side of the slag collecting bar is flush; the head of the slag collecting bar is close to the middle of the slag collecting plate, and the tail of the slag collecting bar extends in an arc shape to the edge of the slag collecting plate, and the distance between the heads of two adjacent slag collecting bars is smaller than the distance between the tails, which is convenient for collecting the slag and introducing it into the slag guide column.

[0019] Furthermore, the slag guiding column is axially provided with a slag guiding hole, the slag guiding hole penetrates the slag guiding column, one end of the slag guiding column is connected to the slag collecting plate, and the other end of the slag guiding column is connected to the slag storage bucket.

[0020] Furthermore, one end of the barrel body is threadedly connected to the slag guide hole, and the other end of the barrel body is threadedly connected to the barrel cover, which is provided with a hexagonal groove; a positioning ring is provided at one end of the barrel body, and the positioning ring is sleeved on the slag guide column. A locking screw is also provided between the positioning ring and the slag guide column to prevent the threaded connection of the barrel body from loosening and ensure that the barrel body is firmly installed.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The structure of the present invention is reasonably designed. The water spray pipes are arranged radially along the cutter ring of the roller cutter. The water spray holes of the four radial sections of the water spray pipes spray water to form a first layer of high-pressure "water wall", which can avoid the situation of soil and residue sticking to the front end of the cutter barrel; the water spray holes of the four axial sections of the water spray pipes spray water to form the second and third layers of high-pressure "water walls". The three layers of "water walls" at different positions can flush the roller cutter multiple times to ensure the flushing effect, effectively block debris, mud, soil and the like from entering the cutter barrel, ensure the stable operation of the roller cutter, reduce its compounding and increase its service life.

[0023] The slag guide assembly arranged in the present invention can drive the slag collecting plate, slag guide column and slag storage bucket to rotate together through the driving motor. The rotation of the slag collecting plate can prevent the small amount of slag in the cutter barrel from solidifying. The slag is collected by the slag collecting plate, transferred by the slag guide column and finally flows into the slag storage bucket, preventing the small amount of slag in the cutter barrel from gradually accumulating and affecting the roller cutter; the slag storage bucket adopts a detachable structure, which is convenient for cleaning the slag. The present invention prevents slag from entering the cutter barrel through a high-pressure "water wall", avoids the occurrence of slag calling by the cutter barrel, avoids the occurrence of eccentric wear of the roller cutter, and avoids frequent cutter changes, which can not only increase construction efficiency, but also save costs and reduce the risk of cutter changes, and has good application and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a front view of a structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation of a normal pressure tool changing device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 The invention discloses a normal pressure tool changing device for preventing slag and mud accumulation. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the layout of the water spray pipe in direction A.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a water spray pipe of a normal pressure tool changing device for preventing slag and mud accumulation according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of a slag guiding component of a slag and mud accumulation prevention structure of a normal pressure tool changing device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the separation of the slag guiding components of the slag and mud accumulation prevention structure of a normal pressure tool changing device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a side view of a slag collecting plate of a normal pressure tool changing device having a slag and mud accumulation prevention structure according to the present invention.

[0031] The numbers in the accompanying drawings are: 1 is a knife barrel, 2 is a hob, 3 is a water spray pipe, 31 is an axial section, 32 is a radial section, 4 is a water spray hole, 5 is a mounting plate, 6 is a driving motor, 7 is a slag guide column, 8 is a slag storage barrel, 81 is a barrel body, 82 is a barrel cover, 9 is a conical surface, 10 is a slag collecting bar, 11 is a transmission belt, 12 is an outer tooth ring surface, 13 is an inner tooth ring surface, 14 is a sealing ring, 15 is a slag guide hole, 16 is a hexagonal groove, 17 is a positioning ring, 18 is a set screw, and 19 is a slag collecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0033] like Figure 1 to Figure 7 As shown, a structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device comprises a tool barrel 1 and a roller cutter 2 arranged in the tool barrel 1. The tool barrel 1 is a hollow cylinder with openings at both ends. The roller cutter 2 is arranged at the front end of the tool barrel 1 and protrudes from the tool barrel 1.

[0034] In order to flush the roller cutter 2, four water spray pipes 3 with fan-shaped water spray holes 4 are circumferentially arranged on the cutter barrel 1 on the circumferential side of the roller cutter 2. The cross-section of the water spray pipe 3 is ""-shaped and is located at the front end of the cutter barrel 1.

[0035] Specifically, the water spray pipe 3 includes an axial section 31 and a radial section 32 . The axial section 31 and the radial section 32 are connected and arranged in a “” shape. The water spray holes 4 are evenly distributed on the axial section 31 and the radial section 32 .

[0036] The radial section 32 is arranged radially along the cutter barrel 1, the radial section 32 is placed at the front end of the cutter barrel 1, and the water spray hole 4 on the radial section 32 is close to the hob 2; the axial section 31 is arranged axially along the cutter barrel 1, one end of the axial section 31 extends to the rear end of the cutter barrel 1, and two water spray holes 4 are arranged on the axial section 31. The water spray holes 4 face the hob 2, and the water spray direction of the water spray holes 4 is perpendicular to the blade of the hob 2.

[0037] In this embodiment, water enters one end of the axial section 31 of the water spray pipe 3 near the rear end of the cutter barrel 1, and then sprays out in a fan shape through the three water spray holes 4, ensuring the flushing range and flushing strength, and preventing debris and the like from flowing into the cutter barrel 1. A water pipe is radially inserted into the cutter barrel 1 and connected to the axial section 31, thereby supplying high-pressure water to the water spray pipe 3.

[0038] In order to clean a small amount of slag in the cutter barrel 1, a slag guide assembly is provided at the rear end of the cutter barrel 1. The slag guide assembly includes a mounting plate 5 detachably connected to the cutter barrel 1, a driving motor 6 disposed on the mounting plate 5, a hollow slag guide column 7 rotatably disposed in the middle of the mounting plate 5, a slag collecting plate 19 and a slag storage bucket 8.

[0039] The mounting plate 5 is disc-shaped and arranged coaxially with the cutter barrel 1. The mounting plate 5 is bolted to the rear end of the cutter barrel 1, thereby sealing the rear end of the cutter barrel 1. The slag guide column 7 is a cylinder, and the slag guide column 7 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 5 through a bearing.

[0040] The driving motor 6 and the slag guide column 7 are driven by a belt. Specifically, a driving belt 11 is arranged between the driving motor 6 and the slag guide column 7, and the driving belt 11 is placed outside the cutter barrel 1. The driving motor 6 can drive the slag guide column 7 to rotate.

[0041] One end of the slag guide column 7 extends into the cutter barrel 1 and meshes with the middle of the slag collecting plate 19, that is, the slag collecting plate 19 can be driven to rotate by the slag guide column 7. In order to facilitate the transmission installation of the slag guide column 7 and the slag collecting plate 19, one end of the slag guide column 7 is an outer toothed ring surface 12, and the middle of the slag collecting plate 19 is an inner toothed ring surface 13, and the outer toothed ring surface 12 and the inner toothed ring surface 13 are embedded and meshed for transmission.

[0042] The slag collecting plate 19 is disc-shaped and is rotatably connected to the cutter barrel 1. In order to ensure the sealing of the joint surface between the slag collecting plate 19 and the inner wall of the cutter barrel 1, a sealing ring 14 is provided between the slag collecting plate 19 and the cutter barrel 1, and the sealing ring 14 can prevent high-pressure water from leaking to the rear end of the cutter barrel 1.

[0043] In order to effectively collect a small amount of debris in the cutter barrel 1 in time, one side of the slag collecting plate 19 is a concave conical surface 9, and the conical surface 9 is concave from the edge of the slag collecting plate 19 to the middle, and the conical surface 9 is concave from the front end to the rear end of the cutter barrel 1.

[0044] A plurality of arc-shaped slag collecting bars 10 are provided circumferentially on the conical surface 9. One side of the slag collecting bar 10 is attached to the conical surface 9, and the other side of the slag collecting bar 10 is flush. The head of the slag collecting bar 10 is close to the middle of the slag collecting pan 19, and the tail of the slag collecting bar 10 extends in an arc shape to the edge of the slag collecting pan 19, and the distance between the heads of two adjacent slag collecting bars 10 is smaller than the distance between the tails.

[0045] The other end of the slag guide column 7 extends out of the cutter barrel 1 and can be detachably connected to the slag storage barrel 8, and the slag collecting plate 19, the slag guide column 7 and the slag storage barrel 8 are sequentially connected. Under the rotation of the slag collecting plate 19, a small amount of residues and mud entering the cutter barrel 1 cannot be solidified, and a small amount of slag can be transferred to the middle of the slag collecting plate 19 and flow into the slag storage barrel 8 through the slag guide column 7.

[0046] Specifically, the slag guide column 7 is axially provided with a slag guide hole 15, and the slag guide hole 15 passes through the slag guide column 7. One end of the slag guide column 7 is connected to the slag collecting plate 19, and the other end of the slag guide column 7 is connected to the slag storage bucket 8, so that the slag can be collected conveniently.

[0047] In order to facilitate the timely cleaning of the collected slag, the slag storage bucket 8 includes a barrel body 81 and a barrel cover 82 detachably connected to the barrel body 81. One end of the barrel body 81 is threadedly connected to the slag guide hole 15 to achieve the installation of the barrel body 81 and the slag guide column 7. In order to ensure the stability of the installation, a positioning ring 17 is provided at one end of the barrel body 81, and the positioning ring 17 is sleeved on the slag guide column 7. A set screw 18 is also provided between the positioning ring 17 and the slag guide column 7.

[0048] The other end of the barrel body 81 is threadedly connected to the barrel cover 82, and a hexagonal groove 16 is provided on the barrel cover 82. The barrel cover 82 can be easily rotated by a hexagonal tool in conjunction with the hexagonal groove 16, and then the barrel body 81 can be opened to facilitate cleaning of the debris and the like inside.

[0049] When the present invention is in operation, a water pipe penetrates into the barrel body 81 to connect the four water spray pipes 3, and high-pressure water is transported to the water spray pipes 3. The high-pressure water is sprayed out through the corresponding fan-shaped water spray holes 4 to form a fan-shaped water curtain. The fan-shaped water curtain has a wide coverage area. The four fan-shaped water curtains are surrounded to form a high-pressure "water wall", with a total of three layers of "water walls".

[0050] The first layer of "water wall" is formed by the water spray holes 4 of the radial section 32, which are located at the front end of the cutter barrel 1 and close to the roller cutter 2, and can block the debris and the like once; the second and third layers of "water wall" are formed by the water spray holes 4 of the axial section 32, and can block the debris and the like from entering the cutter barrel 1 again. The "water wall" can largely prevent the cutter ring of the roller cutter 2 from bringing the debris, mud, etc. into the cutter barrel 1, prevent the front end of the cutter barrel 1 from being stuck, and avoid the uneven wear of the roller cutter 2. At the same time, each roller cutter 2 can be sprayed with water to cool it down, avoiding the high temperature risk caused by the long-term grinding of the roller cutter 2.

[0051] While high-pressure water flushing, the driving motor 6 drives the slag guide column 7 to rotate, and the slag guide column 7, the slag collecting plate 19 and the slag storage bucket 8 rotate together, so that a small amount of slag in the cutter barrel 1 can be transferred to the slag storage bucket 8 through the slag guide hole 15, which is convenient for subsequent cleaning of the slag.

[0052] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structures, features and principles described in the patent scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device, comprising a tool barrel (1) and a roller cutter (2) arranged in the tool barrel (1), characterized in that: A plurality of water spray pipes (3) with fan-shaped water spray holes (4) are provided in an annular direction on the knife barrel (1) on the peripheral side of the hob (2); the water spray pipes (3) have a ""-shaped cross section and are located at the front end of the knife barrel (1); the water spray pipes (3) include an axial section (31) and a radial section (32); the axial section (31) and the radial section (32) are connected and arranged in a ""-shaped arrangement; the radial section (32) is arranged radially along the knife barrel (1); and the radial section (32) is placed in front of the knife barrel (1). The axial section (31) is arranged along the axial direction of the cutter barrel (1), one end of the axial section (31) extends toward the rear end of the cutter barrel (1), the water spray holes (4) are arranged on the axial section (31) and the radial section (32), the water spray holes (4) face the roller cutter (2), the water spray direction of the water spray holes (4) is perpendicular to the blade of the roller cutter (2), and high-pressure water is sprayed out through the corresponding fan-shaped water spray holes (4) to form a fan-shaped water curtain, and the fan-shaped water curtain is surrounded to form a high-pressure "water wall"; A slag guide assembly is provided at the rear end of the knife barrel (1), the slag guide assembly comprising a mounting plate (5) detachably connected to the knife barrel (1), a drive motor (6) disposed on the mounting plate (5), a hollow slag guide column (7) rotatably disposed in the middle of the mounting plate (5), a slag collecting plate (19) and a slag storage bucket (8); The driving motor (6) and the slag guide column (7) are driven by a belt, one end of the slag guide column (7) extends into the cutter barrel (1) and meshes with the middle of the slag collecting plate (19), the slag collecting plate (19) is rotatably connected to the cutter barrel (1), one side of the slag collecting plate (19) is an inwardly concave conical surface (9), and a plurality of arc-shaped slag collecting bars (10) are circumferentially arranged on the conical surface (9); The other end of the slag guide column (7) extends out of the knife barrel (1) and is detachably connected to the slag storage barrel (8); the slag collecting plate (19), the slag guide column (7) and the slag storage barrel (8) are sequentially connected; the slag storage barrel (8) comprises a barrel body (81) and a barrel cover (82) detachably connected to the barrel body (81).

2. The structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water spray hole (4) on the radial section (32) is close to the roller cutter (2).

3. The structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate (5) is disc-shaped and is arranged coaxially with the knife barrel (1). The mounting plate (5) is bolted to the rear end of the knife barrel (1) to close the knife barrel (1).

4. The structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transmission belt (11) is provided between the driving motor (6) and the slag guide column (7), and the transmission belt (11) is placed outside the cutter barrel (1); The slag guide column (7) is a cylinder, one end of the slag guide column (7) is an outer toothed ring surface (12), the middle part of the slag collecting plate (19) is an inner toothed ring surface (13), and the outer toothed ring surface (12) and the inner toothed ring surface (13) are meshed for transmission.

5. The structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag collecting plate (19) is disc-shaped, a sealing ring (14) is provided between the slag collecting plate (19) and the knife barrel (1), the conical surface (9) is concave from the edge of the slag collecting plate (19) to the middle, and the conical surface (9) is concave from the front end to the rear end of the knife barrel (1).

6. The structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side of the slag collecting strip (10) is in contact with the conical surface (9), and the other side of the slag collecting strip (10) is flush with the conical surface (9); The head of the slag collecting bar (10) is close to the middle of the slag collecting plate (19), the tail of the slag collecting bar (10) extends in an arc shape to the edge of the slag collecting plate (19), and the distance between the heads of two adjacent slag collecting bars (10) is smaller than the distance between the tails.

7. The structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag guide column (7) is axially provided with a slag guide hole (15), the slag guide hole (15) passing through the slag guide column (7), one end of the slag guide column (7) is connected to the slag collecting plate (19), and the other end of the slag guide column (7) is connected to the slag storage bucket (8).

8. The structure for preventing slag and mud accumulation in a normal pressure tool changing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the barrel body (81) is threadedly connected to the slag guide hole (15), and the other end of the barrel body (81) is threadedly connected to the barrel cover (82), and the barrel cover (82) is provided with a hexagonal groove (16); A positioning ring (17) is provided at one end of the barrel body (81), the positioning ring (17) being sleeved on the slag guide column (7), and a set screw (18) is further provided between the positioning ring (17) and the slag guide column (7).

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