A 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications

Abstract

The present invention discloses a 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for vehicle-mounted communications, and relates to the technical field of terminal antennas; in order to solve the problem of miniaturization of equipment; specifically comprising an outer shell, and the outer shell is composed of an upper shell and a lower cover that are interlocked, a connector is provided on one side outer wall of the outer shell, and a radio frequency coaxial line assembly and a heat shrink tubing are provided in the connector, the interior of the outer shell is provided with a phase-separated radiator 1, radiator 2 and radiator 3 and a metal reflector, and radiator 1, radiator 2 and radiator 3 are all PCB board structures, the radiator 1, radiator 2 and radiator 3 are respectively connected to the metal reflector by screws, and the heat shrink tubing and one end of the radio frequency coaxial line assembly are insulated and sleeved with each other. The present invention realizes the optimal impedance matching between the external contact end of the radio frequency coaxial line assembly and the parasitic antenna and the radiator 2, optimizes the standing wave ratio performance parameters of the antenna, and plays a role in adjusting the impedance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of terminal antenna technology, and in particular to a 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications. Background Art

[0002] Wired communication equipment primarily addresses industrial field serial communication, professional bus-based communication, industrial Ethernet communication, and conversion equipment between various communication protocols. Wireless communication equipment primarily includes wireless APs, wireless bridges, wireless network cards, wireless lightning arresters, antennas, and other devices. In-vehicle communication equipment is a common type of communication equipment. Currently, with the advent of the 5G era, mobile communications are demanding integrated general-purpose functions with low gain, and layouts are moving towards miniaturization and density. This requires antennas with multi-frequency, broadband, and compact size. Terminal antennas are particularly crucial for in-vehicle communication.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent application number CN202020091835.3 discloses a satellite navigation receiving terminal antenna, which includes a ground support connection device, a connection protection cavity component, a support rotation plate device, a worm connection device, a rotating connection component and a receiving terminal antenna. The connection plate is fixedly connected to a liftable holding pole. When the navigation satellite sends a signal, the antenna body can be used to receive it. The satellite navigation receiving terminal antenna in the above patent has the following shortcomings:

[0004] However, although the above device achieves the signal receiving work of the terminal antenna, in order to ensure the signal transmission effect, the structure of the antenna is generally large, which makes the device larger and does not meet the demand for miniaturization of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for vehicle-mounted communications.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications includes an outer shell composed of an upper shell and a lower cover that interlock. A connector is provided on one outer wall of the outer shell, and a radio frequency coaxial line component and a heat shrink tubing are provided within the connector. Separate radiators (1, 2, and 3) and a metal reflector are provided inside the outer shell. Radiators (1, 2, and 3) are all PCB structures. Radiators (1, 2, and 3) are respectively connected to the metal reflector via screws.

[0008] Preferably, the heat shrink tubing and one end of the RF coaxial line assembly are insulated and sleeved with each other, and the RF coaxial line assembly is wrapped from outside to inside with an outer insulation layer, a grounding metal braided layer, a middle insulation layer, an inner conductor layer and an outer conductor layer.

[0009] Furthermore: the grounded metal braided layer is connected to the ground end of the radiator three, and the inner conductor layer is connected to one side of the radiator two, and the middle insulating layer is wrapped around the outer surface of the inner conductor layer.

[0010] On the basis of the above solution: the outer conductor layer is arranged inside the middle insulating layer, and the outer insulating layer is wrapped around the outer surface of the grounding metal braided layer.

[0011] A better solution among the above solutions is: the radiator 1 and the radiator are connected to the outer conductor layer, and the radiator 1 is connected to the outer conductor layer through a metal reflective plate.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the bottoms of the radiator 1, the radiator 2 and the radiator 3 are all connected to the metal reflective plate through the reflective plate welding pad.

[0013] At the same time, one end of the heat shrinkable tube is wrapped with EVA foam, and the bottom end of the heat shrinkable tube is fixed with a fastening nut through a thread.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the radiator 2 is connected to the inner contact end of the RF coaxial line component to form a main radiator, and the radiator 1 and the radiator 3 are connected to the outer contact end of the RF coaxial line component to form a parasitic antenna.

[0015] At the same time, an extension portion is provided on the outer sides of the first radiator and the second radiator, and both ends of the extension portion are bent toward the inner sides of the first radiator and the second radiator.

[0016] As a more optimal solution of the present invention:.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. This 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications uses two parasitic antennas to broaden the frequency band covered by the antenna. By forming a microstrip line between the clearance between radiator 1 and the metal reflector, it achieves optimal impedance matching between the external contact end of the RF coaxial cable component and the parasitic antenna and radiator 2, optimizing the antenna's standing wave ratio performance parameters and playing a role in adjusting impedance.

[0019] 2. This 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications uses a PCB substrate made of FR epoxy resin, which is heat-resistant and fire-resistant, making it suitable for engineering applications. The rest of the PCB is made of rolled copper, which offers excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance.

[0020] 3. This 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for vehicle-mounted communications uses PCB board and microstrip impedance technology, effectively eliminating the loss of using electronic components to adjust matching, reducing the difficulty of welding processing, making the overall structure of the invention more compact, and reducing the volume of the entire antenna to adapt to the limitations of the internal antenna environment of vehicle-mounted communication equipment, saving production costs, and the standing wave coefficient designed by the invention is less than 3.0 at 430MHZ-470MHZ, 698MHz-960MHz; less than 3.0 at 1710MHz-6GHz; after actual testing, the radiation efficiency of the antenna reached more than 50% at low frequency and more than 65% at high frequency.

[0021] 4. This is a 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications. While ensuring the signal transmission effect, the present invention effectively reduces the loss of adjusting the matching using electronic components, reduces the height of the radiator and the difficulty of irregular processing of the radiator, making the overall structure of the present invention more compact and reducing the volume of the entire antenna to adapt to the limitations of the internal antenna environment of various mobile devices, saving production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of a 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the interior of the middle and outer shell and its metal reflector of a 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the RF coaxial line component in a 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for in-vehicle communications proposed by the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1-outer shell, 2-connector, 3-heat shrink tubing, 4-EVA foam, 5-bottom plate, 6-PCB board, 7-radiator 1, 8-radiator 2, 9-radiator 3, 10-metal reflector, 11-reflector pad, 12-outer insulation layer, 13-grounded metal braided layer, 14-middle insulation layer, 15-inner conductor layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of this patent is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0028] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on this patent.

[0030] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection or set, detachable connection or set, or integral connection or set. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] A 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for vehicle communications, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes an outer shell 1, and the outer shell 1 is composed of an upper shell and a lower cover that are buckled together. A connector 2 is provided on the outer wall of one side of the outer shell 1, and a radio frequency coaxial line component and a heat shrink tube 3 are provided in the connector 2. The interior of the outer shell is provided with a phase-separated radiator 1 7, a radiator 2 8 and a radiator 3 9 and a metal reflector 10, and the radiator 1 7, the radiator 2 8 and the radiator 3 9 are all PCB board 6 structures, and the radiator 1 7, the radiator 2 8 and the radiator 3 9 are respectively connected to the metal reflector 10 by screws. 0 is connected, and radiator 2 8 is connected to the inner contact end of the RF coaxial cable component to form a main radiator, radiator 1 7 and radiator 3 9 are connected to the outer contact end of the RF coaxial cable component to form a parasitic antenna; the two parasitic antennas are used to broaden the frequency band covered by the antenna, and a microstrip line is formed by forming a clearance between radiator 1 7 and the metal reflector 10, which realizes the best impedance matching between the outer contact end of the RF coaxial cable component and the parasitic antenna and radiator 2 8, optimizes the standing wave ratio performance parameters of the antenna, and plays a role in adjusting the impedance.

[0033] To effectively connect the parasitic antenna, the connection is refined; Figure 4As shown, the heat shrink tubing 3 and one end of the RF coaxial cable assembly are insulated and sleeved with each other, and the RF coaxial cable assembly is wrapped from the outside to the inside with an outer insulation layer 12, a grounding metal braided layer 13, a middle insulation layer 14, an inner conductor layer 15 and an outer conductor layer, the grounding metal braided layer 13 is connected to the grounding end of the radiator three 9, and the inner conductor layer 15 is connected to one side of the radiator two 8, the middle insulation layer 14 is wrapped around the outer surface of the inner conductor layer 15, and the outer conductor layer is arranged inside the middle insulation layer, and the outer insulation layer 12 is wrapped around the outer surface of the grounding metal braided layer 13.

[0034] Radiator 1 7 and radiator 3 are connected to the outer conductor layer to form a parasitic antenna. Radiator 1 7 is connected to the outer conductor layer through a metal reflector 10 .

[0035] The bottoms of the radiator 1 7 , the radiator 2 8 and the radiator 3 9 are all connected to the metal reflective plate 10 via the reflective plate welding pad 11 .

[0036] One end of the heat shrinkable tube 3 is wrapped with EVA foam 4, and the bottom end of the heat shrinkable tube 3 is fixed with a fastening nut through a thread.

[0037] The outer sides of the radiator 1 7 and the radiator 2 8 are both provided with extension parts, and both ends of the extension parts are bent toward the inner sides of the radiator 1 7 and the radiator 2 8 .

[0038] The substrate of the PCB board 6 is made of FR4 epoxy resin material, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and fire resistance, and is suitable for engineering applications. The material of other parts of the PCB board 6 is rolled copper, which has good electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance.

[0039] The use of a PCB board 6 and microstrip impedance technology effectively eliminates the loss of adjusting the matching using electronic components, reduces the difficulty of welding processing, makes the overall structure of the present invention more compact, reduces the volume of the entire antenna to adapt to the limitations of the antenna environment inside the vehicle-mounted communication equipment, and saves production costs. The standing wave coefficient designed by the present invention is less than 3.0 at 430 MHz to 470 MHz and 698 MHz to 960 MHz; and less than 3.0 at 1710 MHz to 6 GHz. According to actual tests, the radiation efficiency of the antenna reaches more than 50% at low frequencies and more than 65% at high frequencies.

[0040] When this embodiment is in use, the connector 2 is connected to the vehicle-mounted communication equipment, and the overall structure is installed in the vehicle. The main radiator formed by connecting the radiator 2 8 to the inner contact end of the RF coaxial cable assembly, and the parasitic antenna formed by connecting the radiator 1 7 and the radiator 3 9 to the outer contact end of the RF coaxial cable assembly receive the wave frequency. At the same time, by forming a microstrip line between the radiator 1 7 and the clearance between the metal reflector 10, the outer contact end of the RF coaxial cable assembly and the parasitic antenna are impedance matched with the radiator 2 8, thereby ensuring the standing wave ratio performance parameters of the antenna. At the same time, the bottom plate 5 and its overall shell are fixed by screws, reducing the volume of the overall structure to adapt to the limitations of the internal antenna environment of various mobile devices and saving production costs.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for vehicle-mounted communications, comprising an outer shell (1), wherein the outer shell (1) is composed of an upper shell and a lower cover that are fastened to each other, and is characterized in that: A connector (2) is provided on one side outer wall of the outer shell (1), and a radio frequency coaxial line component and a heat shrink tube (3) are provided in the connector (2). A phase-separated radiator 1 (7), radiator 2 (8), radiator 3 (9) and a metal reflector (10) are provided inside the outer shell, and the radiator 1 (7), radiator 2 (8) and radiator 3 (9) are all PCB board (6) structures, and the radiator 1 (7), radiator 2 (8) and radiator 3 (9) are respectively connected to the metal reflector (10) by screws. The heat shrink tubing (3) and one end of the radio frequency coaxial line component are mutually insulated and sleeved, and the radio frequency coaxial line component is wrapped from the outside to the inside with an outer insulating layer (12), a grounding metal braided layer (13), a middle insulating layer (14), an inner conductor layer (15) and an outer conductor layer; the outer conductor layer is arranged inside the middle insulating layer, and the outer insulating layer (12) is wrapped around the outer surface of the grounding metal braided layer (13); the radiator 1 (7) and the radiator 3 (9) are connected to the outer conductor layer, and the radiator 1 (7) is connected to the outer conductor layer through the metal reflector (10); the radiator 1 (7), the radiator 2 (8) and the radiator 3 (9) The bottom is connected to the metal reflector (10) through the reflector pad (11); one end of the heat shrink tube (3) is wrapped with EVA foam (4), and the bottom end of the heat shrink tube (3) is fixed with a fastening nut through a thread; the radiator 2 (8) is connected to the inner contact end of the radio frequency coaxial line component to form a main radiator, and the radiator 1 (7) and the radiator 3 (9) are connected to the outer contact end of the radio frequency coaxial line component to form a parasitic antenna; the outer sides of the radiator 1 (7) and the radiator 2 (8) are both provided with an extension part, and the two ends of the extension part are bent toward the inner side of the radiator 1 (7) and the radiator 2 (8).

2. The 5G full-band omnidirectional terminal antenna for vehicle-mounted communications according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding metal braided layer (13) is connected to the grounding end of the radiator three (9), and the inner conductor layer (15) is connected to one side of the radiator two (8), and the middle insulating layer (14) is wrapped around the outer surface of the inner conductor layer (15).

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