Stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna for 5G dual-band transceiver system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna applied to a 5G dual-band transceiver system, which is a Vivaldi notch antenna operating in the 5G millimeter wave frequency band and having a frequency of 24.25-29.5GHz and 37-43.5GHz. The dual-slot Vivaldi radiator is fed through a power division structure feeding network; broadband matching is achieved through fan-shaped matching on the microstrip and slot line transition structure; a pair of bent branch loading resonators are symmetrically loaded at the feeder to achieve independent adjustable notch bands with dual poles in the resistance band; and the notch band position and bandwidth are adjusted under the premise of leaving guard bands on both sides of the dual passband. The present invention realizes a dual-frequency filtering effect by loading a notch band on the basis of the broadband characteristics of the Vivaldi antenna, and is applied to a 5G millimeter wave frequency band dual-frequency (24.25-29.5GHz, 37-43.5GHz) transceiver system to achieve signal transmission and reception.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Vivaldi antennas, and in particular to a stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna applied to a 5G dual-frequency transceiver system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there is a serious shortage of mobile communication spectrum in the frequency band below 3GHz, which cannot support the rapid increase in communication speed. Therefore, the use of millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency band is a necessary solution for 5G wireless communication to improve communication quality. In order to overcome the high propagation loss occurring in the millimeter wave frequency band, antennas with broadband, stable radiation characteristics and high gain are required. Recently, the electromagnetic spectrum resources are limited and the demand for frequency bands has increased, resulting in scarcity and contraction. Therefore, eliminating interference between broadband systems and some narrowbands has become a focus of attention today.

[0003] Antennas are an indispensable component of the front end of communication systems. Vivaldi antennas have become an antenna structure with great advantages in millimeter wave band antenna design due to their wide bandwidth, easy manufacturing and light weight. However, the existing Vivaldi antennas cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, it is of great significance to design a new antenna structure based on Vivaldi antennas, which can load broadband antennas with notch bands and achieve multi-frequency filtering effects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the technical defects in the prior art and provide a stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna for use in a 5G dual-band transceiver system, which is a dual-band (24.25-29.5GHz, 37-43.5GHz) Vivaldi notch antenna operating in the 5G millimeter wave frequency band.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:

[0006] A stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna used in a 5G dual-band transceiver system is a Vivaldi notch antenna that operates in the 5G millimeter wave frequency band with a frequency of 24.25-29.5GHz and 37-43.5GHz. It is a microstrip structure antenna, and feeds a double-slot Vivaldi radiator through a power division structure feeding network; broadband matching is achieved through fan-shaped matching on the transition structure between the microstrip and the slot line; a pair of bent branch loading resonators are symmetrically loaded at the feed line to achieve independent adjustable notch bands with dual poles in the resistance band; and the notch band position and bandwidth are adjusted on the premise of leaving guard bands on both sides of the dual passband.

[0007] Based on the broadband characteristics of the Vivaldi antenna, the present invention realizes a dual-frequency filtering effect by loading a notch band, and is applied to a 5G millimeter wave band dual-frequency (24.25-29.5GHz, 37-43.5GHz) transceiver system to realize signal transmission and reception.

[0008] The stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna applied to the 5G dual-frequency transceiver system of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] 1.Broadband impedance matching is achieved by using fan-shaped matching and gain stability is maintained (simulation gain: 11.2dBi-12.4dBi).

[0010] 2. Loading the resonator at the feed line has no effect on the matching outside the stop band of the broadband antenna and can be designed independently.

[0011] 3. By using bent branches to load the resonator, the positions of the two poles in the stopband can be independently controlled.

[0012] 4. By symmetrically loading a pair of identical bent branch resonators at the feed line, loading both sides simultaneously can increase the coupling strength and improve the stopband suppression compared to single-side loading. At the same time, using a multi-mode resonator to generate multiple poles to increase the stopband width can simplify the design difficulty.

[0013] 5. Based on the traditional branch-loaded resonator, the bending structure can be used to miniaturize the resonator and increase the degree of coupling, achieving better stopband suppression (simulated ROC: 0.57).

[0014] 6. Dual passband can fully cover the global 5G communication frequency band standards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a 3D schematic diagram of the stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna applied to the 5G dual-band transceiver system of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 to Figure 3 2D diagram of the stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna applied to the 5G dual-band transceiver system of the present invention, wherein: Figure 2 This is the top view of the antenna layer. Figure 3 It is the 2D bottom view of the antenna layer.

[0017] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the .

[0018] Figure 5 It is the simulated S11 and gain diagram of the dual-band notch antenna of the present invention.

[0019] Figures 6 to 9 is the antenna pattern simulation of the present invention, wherein Figure 6 is the H-plane radiation pattern at 25 GHz, Figure 7 is the E-plane radiation pattern at 25GHz, Figure 8 is the H-plane radiation pattern at 43GHz, Fig. 9 It is the E-plane radiation pattern at 43GHz. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna 100 applied to the 5G dual-band transceiver system of an embodiment of the present invention is composed of a three-layer dielectric substrate, including a 0.254mm thick Rogers 4350 layer 3, a 0.6mm FR4 support layer 1 and a 0.127mm thick adhesive layer 2 for bonding.

[0023] Among them, the Vivaldi radiator is designed on the top layer of Rogers 4350, and the feeder and resonator are designed on the bottom layer of Rogers 4350.

[0024] The antenna is a microstrip structure antenna, which feeds the dual-slot Vivaldi radiator through a power-dividing structure feeding network 5; broadband matching is achieved through a fan-shaped matching 4 on the microstrip and slot line transition structure 6; a pair of bent branch-loaded resonators 7 are symmetrically loaded at the feed line to achieve independent adjustable notch bands with dual poles in the resistance band. The strength of energy coupling is controlled by controlling the gap between the bent branch-loaded resonator and the feed line. The notch position and bandwidth are adjusted on the premise that sufficient guard bands are left on both sides of the dual passbands (passband 1, passband 2).

[0025] Among them, each bent branch-loaded resonator 7 of a pair of the bent branch-loaded resonators 7 has multiple branches connected as a whole to form an E-shaped structure, including a vertical part (arranged parallel to the feeder) and two end connection parts (perpendicular to the feeder) perpendicularly connected to the two ends of the vertical part, and the end connection parts point in the same direction and their free ends are arranged away from the feeder, the length of the two end connection parts is b, the length of the vertical part is a, and the side of the vertical part away from the feeder is perpendicularly connected to the L-shaped part, the length of the first part of the L-shaped part perpendicular to the vertical part is f, the length of the second part perpendicular to the first part is e, and the free end of the second part points to the power division structure feeding network 5.

[0026] As an optional embodiment, the two end connection parts have the same length and the same width c, and their width c is greater than the width d of the second part, the length e of the second part is less than the distance between the second part and the end connection part, and the length f of the second part is greater than the length of the end connection part.

[0027] Based on the above structure, the antenna circuit design mainly includes the following steps:

[0028] S1. Determine the basic size of the Vivaldi radiator according to the 5G operating frequency band;

[0029] S2. Design broadband matching circuits to achieve broadband antennas covering two frequency bands of 5G millimeter wave communications: 24.25-29.5GHz and 37-43.5GHz;

[0030] S3. A pair of identical bent branches are symmetrically loaded at the feed line to load the resonator 7. Compared with single-sided loading, loading on both sides simultaneously can increase the coupling strength and improve the stopband suppression. The resonator can be miniaturized by bending the branches.

[0031] In addition, by loading the resonator with two bent branches of the same structure, multiple stopbands can be realized at the same time, simplifying the design difficulty.

[0032] Moreover, by adjusting the length of the branches of the two folded-branch-loaded resonators, the positions of the two poles in the stopband can be controlled. The two folded-branch-loaded resonators can be regarded as half-wavelength open-circuit resonators. The resonant frequencies of the two poles can be calculated separately according to the following formulas:

[0033]

[0034] Where f is the resonant frequency of the branch, c is the propagation speed of light in the self-use space, and λ g is the guided wavelength.

[0035] where the resonant frequency of pole 1 is given by Figure 4The length of the bent branch loaded resonator (e+f+a / 2+b) on the left side is controlled, and the resonance frequency of pole 2 is controlled by the length of the bent branch loaded resonator (a+2*b) on the left side.

[0036] The width of the bent-branch loaded resonator is optimized by EM simulation software to obtain the best match and the best coupling strength.

[0037] When the length of the bent branch-loaded resonator increases, the pole resonance frequency decreases. When the length of the bent branch-loaded resonator increases, the pole resonance frequency decreases. By designing this bent branch-loaded resonator, the two poles in the stopband can be independently controlled, and the bent branch resonator can be miniaturized and the coupling strength can be enhanced.

[0038] Among them, this resonator is loaded at a distance gap from the feed line. The strength of coupling can be controlled by controlling the size of the parameter gap value. The smaller the gap, the stronger the coupling and the best stopband suppression. As a preferred embodiment, in the present invention, the value set is 0.1mm due to the limitation of processing accuracy. Of course, different gap values ​​can be set according to application requirements to obtain the optimal design.

[0039] S4. Add a FR4 support layer at the bottom of the antenna to protect the antenna and facilitate integration with the system.

[0040] The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention.

[0041] Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any figure signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0042] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna for 5G dual-band transceiver system, characterized in that: It operates in the 5G millimeter wave band with frequencies of 24.25-29.5 GHz and 37-43.5 The invention discloses a GHz Vivaldi trap antenna, which is a microstrip structure antenna. The double-slot Vivaldi radiator is fed by a power division structure feeding network. Broadband matching is achieved by fan-shaped matching on the transition structure between the microstrip and the slot line. A pair of bent branch-loaded resonators are symmetrically loaded at the feed line to achieve independent adjustable trap bands with dual poles in the resistance band. The position and bandwidth of the trap band can be adjusted on the premise that protection bands are left on both sides of the dual passband. The positions of the two poles are controlled by controlling the size of the pair of bent branch-loaded resonators, and the strength of energy coupling is controlled by controlling the distance between the pair of bent branch-loaded resonators and the feed line. Each bent branch-loaded resonator of the pair of bent branch-loaded resonators is connected as a whole to form an E-shaped structure, including a vertical portion arranged in parallel with the feed line and separated from the feed line by a certain distance, and two end connection portions perpendicularly connected to the two ends of the vertical portion, and the end connection portions point in the same direction and their free ends are arranged away from the feed line. The length of the two end connection portions is b, The length of the vertical part is a, and the side of the vertical part away from the feeder is perpendicularly connected to the L-shaped part. The length of the first part of the L-shaped part perpendicular to the vertical part is f, and the length of the second part perpendicular to the first part is e. The free end of the second part points to the power division structure feeding network; the two end connection parts have the same length and the same width c, and their widths c are greater than the width d of the second part, the length e of the second part is less than the distance between the first part and the end connection part, and the length f of the first part is greater than the length of the end connection part; it is composed of three layers of dielectric substrate, including a Rogers 4350 antenna layer, a FR4 support layer and an adhesive layer for bonding, a double-slot Vivaldi radiator is arranged on the top layer of the Rogers 4350 antenna layer, and the feeder and a pair of bent branch-loaded resonators are arranged on the bottom layer of the Rogers 4350 antenna layer; the structure of the pair of bent branch-loaded resonators is the same and they are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feeder.

2. According to claim 1, the stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna applied to the 5G dual-frequency transceiver system is characterized in that: The Rogers 4350 antenna layer is 0.254 mm thick, the FR4 support layer is 0.6 mm, and the adhesive layer is 0.127 mm thick.

3. The stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna applied to the 5G dual-frequency transceiver system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resonant frequency of the resonator loaded with two bent branches is calculated as follows: ; in, f is the resonant frequency of the bent branch loaded resonator, c is the propagation speed of light in the self-use space, λ g Wavelength of the waveguide.

4. According to claim 1, the stable gain notch Vivaldi antenna applied to the 5G dual-frequency transceiver system is characterized in that: The gap between a pair of bent branch-loaded resonators and the feed line is 0.1 mm.

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