A cotton impurity removing mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a cotton impurity removing mechanism and belongs to the technical field of cotton processing, and can also be used in the field of cotton impurity removing of a unified cotton picker. The cotton impurity removing mechanism comprises a shell, a wind circulation assembly, a rack roller assembly and an impurity removing rod group. The wind circulation assembly comprises a residue discharging pipeline and an air inlet pipeline. The residue discharging pipeline is fixed at the bottom of the shell, and the air inlet pipeline is fixed at the rear side of the shell. An impurity removing auger is fixed between the residue discharging pipeline and the shell. The rack roller assembly is provided with three groups of the impurity removing rod group in correspondence with the impurity removing rod group. Each group of the impurity removing rod group is provided with a plurality of impurity removing rods. The plurality of impurity removing rods are connected to the support through springs. When the mechanism works, the optimal distance between the impurity removing rods and the rack roller can be automatically adjusted through the springs, the impurity removing efficiency is maximally improved, the surface of the rack roller is prevented from being blocked by too thick cotton layer, the cotton falling channel and the cotton outlet channel are separated, the back cotton caused by air inlet is avoided, and the damage of cotton fibers caused by repeated impurity removing is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cotton processing technology, and can also belong to the field of cotton cleaning in a unified cotton harvester, and particularly relates to a cotton cleaning mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] In the cotton processing industry, various impurities (such as cotton stalks, bolls, and cotton leaves) inevitably get mixed in during mechanical harvesting. Therefore, seed cotton must undergo impurity removal treatment before processing; otherwise, lint containing excessive impurities will seriously affect its quality. Currently, mechanical impurity removal equipment is commonly used to remove impurities from cotton. Due to the limitations of the existing equipment structure, the current cotton cleaning structure involves the cotton being thrown into the air outlet channel of the cleaning machine by centrifugal force from the cleaning roller. The fan blows air from bottom to top, sending the cotton upwards out of the cleaning machine. Because the cotton falls downwards due to gravity, the kinetic energy generated by the fan drives the cotton upwards. The drawbacks are: 1. The direction of cotton movement is opposite to the direction of airflow, causing mutual interference and inevitably generating turbulent airflow in the channel. Consequently, some cotton will re-enter the toothed roller due to the turbulence, resulting in cotton re-entry and loss of cotton fiber length. 2. The air inlet and outlet channels are combined, resulting in an excessively wide and large channel, requiring a large air volume and consuming significant energy. The new technical solution involves the cleaned cotton moving downwards under gravity to the bottom of the outlet channel. A spiral auger at the bottom concentrates the cotton in the middle of the channel, where it exits through a discharge port. A fan at the top of the outlet delivers high-pressure air. Because the channel is relatively sealed, negative pressure is created at the cotton outlet, drawing the cotton out and into a separate outlet channel before it exits the cleaning machine. The advantages are: negative pressure only occurs at the bottom of the cotton channel, driving the cotton downwards. Within the cotton channel, the airflow direction and cotton movement direction are both downwards, virtually eliminating the possibility of cotton re-entry and maximizing cotton fiber length. Because the separate outlet channel is smaller, the required airflow is relatively lower, resulting in less energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cotton cleaning mechanism that can improve the cleaning efficiency, prevent the rack roller from jamming, separate the cotton falling channel and the cotton exit channel, avoid the original air blowing back and causing cotton to return, and reduce cotton fiber damage caused by repeated cleaning.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cotton cleaning mechanism, comprising a housing, an air circulation assembly, a rack and pinion roller assembly, a waste removal rod assembly, and a brush roller assembly. The air circulation assembly includes a slag discharge pipe and an air inlet pipe. The slag discharge pipe is fixed to the rear of the housing, and the air inlet pipe is fixed to the side of the housing. A waste removal auger is fixed between the slag discharge pipe and the housing. The rack and pinion roller assembly includes a first rack and pinion roller, a second rack and pinion roller, and a third rack and pinion roller. The first rack and pinion roller, the second rack and pinion roller, and the third rack and pinion roller are rotatably connected inside the housing from top to bottom along the height direction of the housing. The waste removal rod assembly has three groups located below the rack and pinion roller assembly, respectively corresponding to the first rack and pinion roller, the second rack and pinion roller, and the third rack and pinion roller. Each group of waste removal rods has a plurality of waste removal rods, which are connected by springs. The brush roller assembly includes a first brush roller and a second brush roller.

[0005] Preferably, a cleaning brush roller that rotates inside the housing is provided below the rack and pinion roller assembly, and the cleaning brush roller is arranged opposite to the impurity removal rod assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the cleaning brush roller rotates in the opposite direction to the first rack roller, the second rack roller, or the third rack roller.

[0007] The above method facilitates the separation of cotton after cleaning.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the housing is further provided with a carding assembly, which includes a cotton guiding platform fixed on the inner wall of the housing, a cotton inlet starting on the housing above the cotton guiding platform, cotton guiding plates on both sides of the cotton guiding platform, and the cotton guiding plates are screwed to the inner wall of the housing.

[0009] The above solution uses a cotton guiding platform to push the cotton evenly to both sides, avoiding uneven cotton entry, reducing excessive entanglement of cotton fibers, and improving cotton cleaning efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the size of the cotton inlet is smaller than the size of the cotton guiding platform.

[0011] The above method avoids cotton falling directly into the soil upon entry, thus improving the even distribution effect.

[0012] Preferably, the air inlet duct is provided with a spiral auger facing the housing, and the spiral auger is rotatably connected inside the housing.

[0013] The above solution facilitates centralized cotton discharge and improves cotton discharge efficiency.

[0014] Preferably, all the discharge bars are provided with guide plates at the ends away from the first rack roller, the second rack roller, or the third rack roller, and all the guide plates are inclined toward the top of the housing.

[0015] The above solution facilitates the removal of debris after cleaning.

[0016] Preferably, the spring is a torsion spring, a tension spring, or a compression spring, the spring is made of steel wire with a diameter of 0.2mm-8mm, the length of the spring is 20mm-500mm, and the outer diameter of the spring is 5mm-100mm.

[0017] The above solution optimizes the spring dimensions to better suit the internal structural design, thereby improving automatic adjustment and debris removal.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] 1. Add separate exhaust and cotton discharge pipes to the bottom and rear side of the casing, separating the air intake and cotton discharge paths to avoid cotton return and reduce cotton fiber damage caused by repeated cleaning.

[0020] 2. Add a carding assembly to the upper part of the shell. The cotton can be pushed evenly to both sides through the cotton guiding platform, avoiding uneven cotton entry, reducing the problem of excessive cotton fiber entanglement, and improving cotton cleaning efficiency.

[0021] 3. The auger adopts a spiral auger, which facilitates the centralized extraction of cotton fibers after cleaning and improves extraction efficiency.

[0022] 4. The discharge rods are connected by a spring structure, and there is a space for movement between the discharge rods. They can automatically spring apart according to the amount of cotton, so as to avoid too much cotton filling between the discharge rods and the rack roller, thereby preventing the rack roller from jamming. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cotton cleaning mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Air circulation assembly; 3. Rack and pinion roller assembly; 4. Slag removal bar assembly; 5. Slag removal pipe; 6. Air inlet pipe; 7. Slag removal auger; 8. First rack and pinion roller; 9. Second rack and pinion roller; 10. Third rack and pinion roller; 11. Slag removal bar; 12. Spring; 13. Cleaning brush roller; 14. Carding assembly; 15. Cotton guiding platform; 16. Cotton inlet; 17. Cotton guiding plate; 18. Spiral auger; 19. Guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To further understand the invention's content, features, and effects, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 The cotton cleaning mechanism of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The steel wire is a commercially available steel wire.

[0027] The cotton cleaning mechanism includes a housing 1, an air circulation assembly 2, a rack and pinion roller assembly 3, and a waste removal rod assembly 4. The air circulation assembly 2 includes a slag discharge pipe 5 and an air inlet pipe 6. The slag discharge pipe 5 is fixed to the bottom of the housing 1, and the air inlet pipe 6 is fixed to the side of the housing 1. A waste removal auger 7 is fixed between the slag discharge pipe 5 and the housing 1. The rack and pinion roller assembly 3 includes a first rack and pinion roller 8, a second rack and pinion roller 9, and a third rack and pinion roller 10. The first rack and pinion roller 8, the second rack and pinion roller 9, and the third rack and pinion roller 10 are rotatably connected inside the housing 1 from top to bottom along the height direction of the housing. The waste removal rod assembly 4 has three sets located below the rack and pinion roller assembly 3, respectively corresponding to the first rack and pinion roller 8, the second rack and pinion roller 9, and the third rack and pinion roller 10. Each set of the waste removal rod assembly 4 has a plurality of waste removal rods 11, which are connected by springs 12.

[0028] The spring is a torsion spring, tension spring, or compression spring, made of steel wire with a diameter of 0.2mm-8mm, a length of 20mm-500mm, and an outer diameter of 5mm-100mm. In this embodiment, the steel wire diameter is 2mm, the spring length is 20mm, and the spring outer diameter is 5mm.

[0029] Currently, there is a 24mm-25mm diameter removal bar under the toothed roller to remove the cotton husks from the cotton. The toothed roller and the removal bar are currently 25-28mm apart and are fixed with screws. This can easily cause jamming if there is too much cotton. The removal bar 11 can be replaced with a spring 12 to automatically open according to the amount of cotton.

[0030] Specifically, a cleaning brush roller 13 that rotates inside the housing 1 is also provided below the rack and pinion roller assembly 3, and the cleaning brush roller 13 is arranged opposite to the impurity removal rod assembly 4.

[0031] Specifically, the cleaning brush roller 13 rotates in the opposite direction to the first rack roller 8, the second rack roller 9, or the third rack roller 10. The rotational speed of the cleaning brush roller 13 is greater than that of the first rack roller 8 and the second rack roller 9. The purpose of the cleaning brush roller 13 is to use centrifugal force to peel the cotton off the first rack roller 8 and the second rack roller 9.

[0032] When the cleaning brush roller 13 rotates simultaneously with the first rack roller 8, the second rack roller 9, or the third rack roller 10, the cotton fibers wrapped around the first rack roller 8, the second rack roller 9, or the third rack roller 10 can be gradually peeled off during the rotation process because the rotation directions are opposite.

[0033] The brush material of the brush roller 13 can be steel: carbon steel or stainless steel; plastic: polyurethane, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS); carbon fiber and bamboo fiber.

[0034] Specifically, a carding assembly 14 is provided at the upper end of the housing 1. The carding assembly 14 includes a cotton guiding platform 15 fixed on the inner wall of the housing 1. A cotton inlet 16 starting on the housing 1 is provided above the cotton guiding platform 15. Cotton guiding plates 17 are provided on both sides of the cotton guiding platform 15. The cotton guiding plates 17 are screwed to the inner wall of the housing 1. The size of the cotton inlet 16 is smaller than the size of the cotton guiding platform 15.

[0035] Specifically, the air inlet duct 6 is provided with a spiral auger 18 facing the housing 1, and the spiral auger 18 is rotatably connected inside the housing 1.

[0036] Specifically, all the discharge rods 11 are provided with guide plates 19 at the ends away from the first rack roller 8, the second rack roller 9, or the third rack roller 10, and all the guide plates 19 are inclined toward the top of the housing 1.

[0037] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Impure seed cotton first enters the housing 1 through the cotton inlet 16. After entering the housing 1, it is first evenly distributed by the cotton guiding platform 15. Then, the seed cotton and impurities fall onto the first toothed roller 8. The serrated teeth hook the cotton fibers and rotate counterclockwise. The cotton guiding plate 17 can restrict the free movement of the cotton, so that the cotton is flat and firmly hooked. The impurities attached to the seed cotton are shaken off the first toothed roller 8 by multiple impurity removal bars 11 and collected in the U-shaped groove where the impurity removal auger 7 is located. After being collected by the impurity removal auger 7, it is discharged through the slag discharge pipe 5. The residual cotton after being cleaned by the first toothed roller 8 passes through the second toothed roller 9 and the third toothed roller 10 in sequence. The above operation is repeated to improve the impurity removal effect. The cleaned cotton falls to the bottom of the housing 1 under its own gravity, close to the negative pressure formation area, and is attracted to the spiral auger 18. It is collected by the spiral auger 18 and discharged through the air inlet pipe 6 as the spiral auger 18 rotates.

[0038] After comparing the existing cleaning mechanism with the one used in this device, the fiber damage rate was reduced after adopting this device. The original single-grain damage rate was 30%-40%, while it was less than 10% after the improvement. The fiber length of the cotton was increased. The national standard fiber length of machine-picked cotton is 27.8mm. Before the device was improved, the cotton fiber length was 27.6-27.8mm, and after the improvement, the cotton fiber length is 28.2-28.5-28.8mm.

[0039] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cotton cleaning mechanism comprising a housing (1), a wind circulation assembly (2), a rack roller assembly (3), a group of impurity removal bars (4), characterized in that, The wind circulating assembly (2) comprises a slag discharge pipeline (5) and an air inlet pipeline (6), the slag discharge pipeline (5) is fixed at the bottom of the shell (1), the air inlet pipeline (6) is fixed at the side of the shell (1), the slag discharge pipeline (5) and the shell (1) are fixed with a slag discharge auger (7), the rack roller assembly (3) comprises a first rack roller (8), a second rack roller (9) and a third rack roller (10), the first rack roller (8), the second rack roller (9) and the third rack roller (10) are rotatably connected in the shell (1) from top to bottom in the height direction of the shell, the slag discharge rod group (4) is provided with three groups, which are located below the rack roller assembly (3) and correspond to the first rack roller (8), the second rack roller (9) and the third rack roller (10) respectively, each group of the slag discharge rod group (4) is provided with a plurality of slag discharge rods (11), and the plurality of slag discharge rods (11) are connected through springs (12). The shell (1) is further provided with a cotton carding assembly (14) at the upper end port, the cotton carding assembly (14) comprises a cotton guide platform (15) fixed on the inner wall of the shell (1), an inlet opening (16) is arranged above the cotton guide platform (15) and in the shell (1), and cotton guide plates (17) are arranged on both sides of the cotton guide platform (15) and are screwed on the inner wall of the shell (1). The spring (12) is a torsion spring, a tension spring or a compression spring, the spring (12) is made of a steel wire, the diameter of the steel wire is 0.2mm-8mm, the length of the spring (12) is 20mm-500mm, and the outer diameter of the spring (12) is 5mm-100mm.

2. A cotton cleaning mechanism as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The lower part of the rack roller assembly (3) is further provided with a cleaning brush roller (13) rotating in the shell (1), and the cleaning brush roller (13) is arranged opposite to the slag discharge rod group (4).

3. A cotton cleaning mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The rotating direction of the cleaning brush roller (13) is opposite to that of the first rack roller (8), the second rack roller (9) or the third rack roller (10).

4. A cotton cleaning mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The size of the inlet opening (16) is smaller than that of the cotton guide platform (15).

5. A cotton cleaning mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The air inlet pipeline (6) is provided with a spiral auger (18) facing the shell (1), and the spiral auger (18) is rotatably connected in the shell (1).

6. A cotton cleaning mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein, All the slag discharge rods (11) are provided with guide plates (19) away from the first rack roller (8), the second rack roller (9) or the third rack roller (10), and all the guide plates (19) are inclined towards the top of the shell (1).

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