A drop-out tension-safety-release composite insulator

Abstract

The present invention provides a detachable tension safety release composite insulator, comprising a core rod, a tail fixing screw and an end fixing hardware arranged at both ends of the core rod, and an umbrella skirt sheath wrapped around the outside of the core rod, the end fixing hardware comprising a fixed contact, a moving contact and an overload breaking mechanism, the fixed contact and the moving contact are connected and fixed by the overload breaking mechanism, and a release mechanism is also arranged between the fixed contact and the moving contact, the overload breaking mechanism breaks when the external tension is greater than its maximum load, and the moving contact that falls off the fixed contact due to the overload breaking mechanism breaks is unloaded by the release mechanism and suspended in the air. It can solve the problem of crossarms and poles breaking due to abnormal tension of overhead lines under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons and ice disasters, effectively enhance the power supply reliability of distribution lines, reduce the affected area and severity of disasters under extreme weather conditions, and the operation area of ​​post-disaster recovery and reconstruction work is smaller, and replacement is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of insulators, and in particular to a drop-out type tension-safety-releasing composite insulator. Background Art

[0002] Traditional 10kV overhead lines are composed of overhead conductors, insulators, angle iron crossarms, fixings and concrete poles. Overhead conductors are charged bodies and play the role of energy transmission; insulators are insulators and play the role of electrical isolation; angle iron crossarms, fixings and concrete poles are conductors (grounding bodies) and play the role of fixing the overhead height of the conductors and bearing the necessary mechanical loads. It is the power line with the largest coverage area and the longest total construction kilometers.

[0003] In recent years, due to dramatic climate change, the northward movement of warm and humid air currents has led to frequent heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall or sleet in the originally cold and dry Northeast my country. Such meteorological conditions are very likely to form freezing rain in high-latitude areas, causing large-scale ice disasters on 10kV distribution lines. Similar situations also include ice disasters in central and southwest China, as well as typhoon disasters in southeastern coastal areas and Hainan.

[0004] Analysis of the causes of disasters shows that overhead wires are prone to unbalanced tension when they are unevenly de-iced after being covered with ice, and under strong wind conditions. If the tension in the wires cannot be released in a timely and effective manner, the tension will be transmitted downward to the crossarms and poles. Due to the different paces of local distribution network construction in different regions of the country, the safety factors in the design of overhead lines are also different. Once a disaster occurs, some old 10kV overhead lines with small design margins will cause wires and crossarms to break, and even poles to break and fall in rows, which will not only cause considerable damage to the power grid itself, but also cause serious harm to people's production, life, and even life safety. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve one or some technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a detachable tension safety release composite insulator, which can solve the phenomenon of crossarm and pole breakage caused by abnormal tension of overhead lines under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons and ice disasters, effectively enhance the power supply reliability of distribution lines, reduce the disaster-stricken area and disaster severity under extreme weather conditions, and the operating area for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction work is smaller, and replacement is simple, thereby further providing convenience, economy and safety of non-stop operation of distribution networks.

[0006] In order to solve the above existing technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

[0007] A drop-out type tension safety release composite insulator comprises a core rod, a tail fixing screw and an end fixing hardware arranged at both ends of the core rod, and an umbrella skirt sheath wrapped around the outside of the core rod, the end fixing hardware comprising a fixed contact fixed to the end of the core rod, a moving contact arranged on the fixed contact for fixing a conductor, and an overload breaking mechanism arranged between the fixed contact and the moving contact, the fixed contact and the moving contact are connected and fixed by the overload breaking mechanism, a tripping mechanism is also arranged between the fixed contact and the moving contact, the overload breaking mechanism breaks when the external tension is greater than its maximum load-bearing value, and the moving contact that falls off the fixed contact due to the break of the overload breaking mechanism is unloaded by the tripping mechanism and is suspended in the air.

[0008] Furthermore, the overload fracture mechanism includes a locking hole provided on the moving contact, a locking groove provided on the fixed contact, and a torsion screw provided between the locking hole and the locking groove. A shear surface is formed between the fixed contact and the moving contact. When tension is applied between the fixed contact and the moving contact, a shear force is generated along the shear surface. When the torsion screw is subjected to the overload shear force at the shear surface, it fractures.

[0009] Furthermore, the torsion screw is provided with a circle of inwardly recessed easy-to-break grooves, and the easy-to-break grooves are located within the shear plane.

[0010] Furthermore, a disassembly thread is provided in the breakable groove, the rotation direction of the disassembly thread is opposite to the thread rotation direction of the torque screw, and an inwardly recessed disassembly groove is provided on the top of the torque screw, and the broken upper end of the torque screw is removed from the locking hole through the disassembly groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the breakable groove penetrating into the locking groove is not less than 4 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the tripping mechanism includes a safety ring provided on the fixed contact, and a safety steel wire with both ends respectively fixed on the safety ring and the moving contact, the safety steel wire is wound between the fixed contact and the moving contact, the detached moving contact is suspended on the fixed contact by the safety steel wire, and the overload tension is released by the safety steel wire.

[0013] Furthermore, the moving contact includes a limit seat provided on the bottom of the moving contact, a pressure plate provided on the limit seat, a wire pressing groove provided between the limit seat and the pressure plate, and a plurality of connecting bolts for connecting the pressure plate and the limit seat. The wire is clamped and fixed through the wire pressing groove. The locking hole is located in the limit seat. The axial cross-section of the locking hole is a T-shaped structure. One end of the safety steel wire is fixed on the connecting bolt.

[0014] Furthermore, a positioning hole is provided on one side of the fixed contact, the safety hanging ring is arranged in the positioning hole, a U-shaped limiting groove is formed between the limiting seat and the safety hanging ring, and both sides of the stacked and wound safety steel wires are limited by the limiting groove.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] Under normal operating conditions, the requirements for reliable fixation between overhead conductors and insulators can be met. However, when the tension of the overhead line is abnormal under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons and ice disasters, the overload breaking mechanism is triggered to break, so that the moving contact falls off the fixed contact. During the separation of the fixed contact and the moving contact, the tension of the conductor can be released instantly. After the separation between the fixed contact and the moving contact, they are connected again through the tripping mechanism to ensure that the conductor remains at a certain height after the tension is released, so that the conductor has a sufficient safety distance to the ground, structures, and people, avoiding the phenomenon of crossarms and poles being broken due to abnormal tension of overhead lines under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons and ice disasters, effectively enhancing the power supply reliability of distribution lines, reducing the affected area and severity of disasters under extreme weather conditions, and the operation area of ​​post-disaster recovery and reconstruction work is smaller, and replacement is simple, thereby further providing the convenience, economy and safety of non-stop operation of the distribution network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a main cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the tripping mechanism and the overload breaking mechanism of the present invention installed on the end fixing hardware;

[0020] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the torsion screw in the present invention;

[0021] In the figure: tail fixing screw 1, core rod 2, safety hanging ring 3, end fixing hardware 4, release mechanism 5, overload breaking mechanism 6, wire pressing groove 7, limit seat 8, pressure plate 9, connecting bolt 10, moving contact 11, safety steel wire 12, fixed contact 13, umbrella skirt sheath 14, locking groove 15, shear surface 16, locking hole 17, torque screw 18, limit groove 19, positioning hole 20, disassembly thread 21, disassembly groove 22, easy-to-break groove 23. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0023] like Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, a fall-off type tension safety release composite insulator comprises a core rod 2, a tail fixing screw 1 and an end fixing hardware 4 arranged at both ends of the core rod 2, and an umbrella skirt sheath 14 wrapped around the outer side of the core rod 2, wherein the end fixing hardware 4 comprises a fixed contact 13 fixed at the end of the core rod 2, a moving contact 11 arranged on the fixed contact 13 for fixing a conductor, and an overload breaking mechanism 6 arranged between the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11, wherein the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11 are connected and fixed by the overload breaking mechanism 6, and a tripping mechanism 5 is further arranged between the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11, wherein the overload breaking mechanism 6 breaks when subjected to an external tension greater than its maximum load-bearing value, and the moving contact 11 that falls off from the fixed contact 13 due to the breaking of the overload breaking mechanism 6 is subjected to tension unloading through the tripping mechanism 5 and is suspended in the air.

[0024] In actual use, the end fixing hardware 4 for fixing the conductor is composed of a fixed contact 13 and a moving contact 11 connected by an overload breaking mechanism 6. The fixed contact 13 is reliably connected to the core rod 2 through a crimping process, and the moving contact 11 is reliably connected to the fixed contact 13 through the overload breaking mechanism 6. Under normal operating conditions, the composite insulator only bears vertical loads, which can meet the requirements of reliable fixation between the overhead conductor and the insulator. The overload breaking mechanism 6 and the tripping mechanism 5 in the end fixing hardware 4 are not triggered. Under normal operating conditions, the overload breaking mechanism 6 and the tripping mechanism 5 of the insulator will not malfunction. However, when the overhead line has abnormal tension under extreme meteorological conditions such as typhoons and ice disasters, the composite insulator carries too much weight, which triggers the overload breaking mechanism 6 to break, thereby causing the moving contact 11 to fall off from the fixed contact 13. In the process of separation of the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11, the tension of the conductor can be released instantaneously. After the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11 are separated, they are connected again through the tripping mechanism 5 to ensure that the conductor remains at a certain height after the tension is released, so that the conductor has a sufficient safety distance from the ground, structures, and people, and avoids the phenomenon of crossarms and poles breaking due to abnormal tension of overhead lines under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons and ice disasters. At the same time, in the later maintenance process, it is only necessary to replace the overload breaking mechanism 6 and reconnect the moving contact 11 to the fixed contact 13, so that it can be quickly repaired and put into use, effectively enhancing the power supply reliability of the distribution line, reducing the affected area and the severity of disasters under extreme weather conditions, and the operating area of ​​post-disaster recovery and reconstruction work is smaller, and replacement is simple, thereby further providing the convenience, economy and safety of non-stop operation of the distribution network.

[0025] A further improvement is that the overload fracture mechanism 6 includes a locking hole 17 provided on the moving contact 11, a locking groove 15 provided on the fixed contact 13, and a torsion screw 18 provided between the locking hole 17 and the locking groove 15. A shear surface 16 is formed between the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11. When tension is applied between the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11, a shear force is generated along the shear surface 16. The torsion screw 18 fractures after being subjected to the overload shear force at the shear surface 16.

[0026] The fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11 are connected and fixed by a torsion screw 18 that is screwed into the locking hole 17 and the locking groove 15. The structure is simpler and the shear force resistance control is more convenient. The diameter of the torsion screw 18 can be set according to different environmental requirements. Moreover, since the contact surface between the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11 after fixation forms a shear surface 16, when the composite insulator is subjected to an external load, the shear force on the torsion screw 18 can be achieved through the shear surface 16, so that the torsion screw 18 can be accurately broken. In addition, except for the torsion screw 18 in the overload breaking mechanism 6 that is damaged, all other devices on the entire insulator will not be deformed due to the triggering of the overload breaking mechanism 6. Therefore, during post-disaster recovery, only the special-shaped torsion screw 18 needs to be replaced to achieve rapid recovery of the insulator, which is beneficial to post-disaster power restoration.

[0027] A further improvement is that the torque screw 18 is provided with a circle of inwardly recessed easy-to-break grooves 23, and the easy-to-break grooves 23 are located in the shear surface 16; a disassembly thread 21 is provided in the easy-to-break groove 23, and the rotation direction of the disassembly thread 21 is opposite to the rotation direction of the thread of the torque screw 18; the top of the torque screw 18 is provided with an inwardly recessed disassembly groove 22, and the broken upper end of the torque screw 18 is removed from the locking hole 17 through the disassembly groove 22.

[0028] When the connection is made through the torsion screw 18, in order to ensure that the torsion screw 18 can be broken in time when subjected to excessive load, and in order to facilitate the removal of the broken torsion screw 18 from the locking hole 17 and the locking groove 15, a circle of inwardly recessed easy-to-break grooves 23 is opened on the torsion screw 18 on the inner side of the shear surface 16. The easy-to-break grooves 23 can not only make the area borne by the shear force more accurate, but also make it easier for the tool to clamp the broken torsion screw 18 in the locking groove 15 when it is taken out, especially when the easy-to-break grooves 23 are processed with disassembly threads 21 with a thread rotation direction opposite to that of the torsion screw 18, when the broken torsion screw 18 in the locking groove 15 is taken out, it is only necessary to screw the disassembly nut into the disassembly thread 21 and keep rotating it, so that the broken torsion screw 18 can be taken out outward along the thread rotation direction, and the torsion screw 18 in the locking hole 17 can be disassembled and assembled through the disassembly grooves 22.

[0029] A further improvement is that the length of the breakable groove 23 penetrating into the locking groove 15 is not less than 4 mm. In order to ensure that the broken torsion screw 18 in the locking groove 15 can be effectively removed, the length of the breakable groove 23 broken on the fixed contact 13 is not less than 4 mm.

[0030] Based on any of the above technical solutions, the release mechanism 5 is further improved as follows: the release mechanism 5 includes a safety ring 3 provided on the fixed contact 13, and a safety wire 12 with two ends respectively fixed on the safety ring 3 and the moving contact 11, the safety wire 12 is wound between the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11, and the detached moving contact 11 is suspended on the fixed contact 13 by the safety wire 12, and the overload tension is released by the safety wire 12.

[0031] When the tripping mechanism 5 is started, the tension of the wire is effectively released during the separation of the moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 13. However, in order to ensure that the wire can still be suspended at a certain height of the pole after the tripping mechanism 5 is started, a safety steel wire 12 is installed between the moving contact 11 and the fixed contact 13, which can effectively ensure that the wire will not fall to the ground and cause secondary disasters after the fixing hardware 4 at the end of the insulator is tripped. Among them, since there is no part on the general fixed contact 13 for fixing one end of the safety steel wire 12, a safety hanging ring 3 is installed on the fixed contact 13, which is more convenient when fixing the steel wire on the fixed contact 13.

[0032] A further improvement is that the moving contact 11 includes a limit seat 8 provided on the bottom of the moving contact 11, a pressure plate 9 provided on the limit seat 8, a wire pressing groove 7 provided between the limit seat 8 and the pressure plate 9, and a plurality of connecting bolts 10 for connecting the pressure plate 9 and the limit seat 8. The wire is clamped and fixed through the wire pressing groove 7. The locking hole 17 is located in the limit seat 8. The axial cross-section of the locking hole 17 is a T-shaped structure. One end of the safety wire 12 is fixed to the connecting bolt 10.

[0033] The wire is fixed and pressed in the wire pressing groove 7 between the limit seat 8 and the pressure plate 9 through the pressure plate 9, and the pressure plate 9 is connected and fixed with several connecting bolts 10 of the limit seat 8, which is more convenient for disassembling and assembling the pressure plate 9. At the same time, the safety wire 12 can be fixed on one of the connecting bolts 10, which is more convenient for fixing the safety wire 12. The axial cross-section of the locking hole 17 is a T-shaped structure. When installed and fixed by the torsion screw 18, the structure of the torsion screw 18 is simpler and more versatile.

[0034] A further improvement is that a positioning hole 20 is provided on one side of the fixed contact 13, the safety hanging ring 3 is arranged in the positioning hole 20, a U-shaped limiting groove 19 is formed between the limiting seat 8 and the safety hanging ring 3, and both sides of the stacked and wound safety steel wires 12 are limited by the limiting groove 19.

[0035] The safety hanging ring 3 forms a detachable connection through the positioning hole 20, which can make the fixed contact 13 more versatile, make the fixation of the safety hanging ring 3 more convenient, and make the replacement easier. The safety hanging ring 3 and the positioning hole 20 can be fixed by a threaded connection, which is more firm. At the same time, a U-shaped limiting groove 19 is formed between the limiting seat 8 and the safety hanging ring 3. When the safety steel wire 12 is wound between the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11, the stacked and wound safety steel wire 12 can be made more stable. After the two sides are limited by the limiting groove 19, the inner and outer layers of the safety steel wire 12 can be effectively prevented from falling off during the winding process.

[0036] Examples of actual scenarios include:

[0037] 1. The torque screw 18 forms an I-shaped non-uniform diameter structure through the easy-to-break groove 23. The large diameter surface is reliably connected to the internal threads of the fixed contact 13 and the moving contact 11. The easy-to-break groove 23 on the small diameter surface does not move when subjected to vertical load. When the overhead line encounters strong winds, the conductor has a large horizontal load, so that the insulator bears a large lateral load perpendicular to the conductor direction on the conductor fixing surface. When the lateral load exceeds the limit value of the torque screw 18, the torque screw 18 breaks radially, and the tripping mechanism 5 starts to start, so that the moving contact 11 unloads the tension during the falling process and is suspended again through the safety wire 12 to ensure the integrity of the conductor, insulator and pole.

[0038] Second, when the overhead line encounters heavy icing weather, the conductor is prone to uneven deicing. When the line sheds ice on one side of the insulator and ice still exists on the other side, the conductor will also have a large horizontal load. Unlike the strong wind condition, the horizontal load during deicing is along the line direction. Similarly, the insulator bears a large lateral load along the line direction on the conductor fixing surface. When the lateral load exceeds the limit value of the torque screw 18, the torque screw 18 breaks radially, and the tripping mechanism 5 starts to start, so that the moving contact 11 unloads the tension during the shedding process and is suspended again through the safety wire 12 to ensure the integrity of the conductor, insulator and pole.

[0039] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A drop-out tension safety release composite insulator, comprising a core rod, tail fixing screws and end fixing hardware arranged at both ends of the core rod, and a shed sheath wrapped around the outside of the core rod, characterized in that: The end fixing hardware includes a fixed contact fixed on the end of the core rod, a moving contact arranged on the fixed contact for fixing the wire, and an overload breaking mechanism arranged between the fixed contact and the moving contact. The fixed contact and the moving contact are connected and fixed by the overload breaking mechanism. A tripping mechanism is also arranged between the fixed contact and the moving contact. The overload breaking mechanism breaks when the external tension is greater than its maximum load-bearing value. The moving contact that falls off the fixed contact due to the breakage of the overload breaking mechanism is unloaded by the tension through the tripping mechanism and is suspended in the air.

2. A drop-out tension safety release composite insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overload fracture mechanism includes a locking hole provided on the moving contact, a locking groove provided on the fixed contact, and a torsion screw provided between the locking hole and the locking groove. A shear surface is formed between the fixed contact and the moving contact. When tension is applied between the fixed contact and the moving contact, a shear force is generated along the shear surface. When the torsion screw is subjected to the overload shear force at the shear surface, it fractures.

3. A fall-off type tension safety release composite insulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The torsion screw is provided with a circle of inwardly recessed easy-to-break grooves, and the easy-to-break grooves are located in the shearing surface.

4. A fall-off type tension safety release composite insulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: A disassembly thread is provided in the breakable groove, the rotation direction of the disassembly thread is opposite to the rotation direction of the thread of the torque screw, and an inwardly recessed disassembly groove is provided on the top of the torque screw, and the broken upper end of the torque screw is removed from the locking hole through the disassembly groove.

5. A fall-off type tension safety release composite insulator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the breakable groove penetrating into the locking groove is not less than 4 mm.

6. A drop-out type tension safety release composite insulator according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The tripping mechanism includes a safety hanging ring arranged on the fixed contact, and a safety steel wire with two ends respectively fixed on the safety hanging ring and the moving contact, the safety steel wire is wound between the fixed contact and the moving contact, the detached moving contact is suspended on the fixed contact by the safety steel wire, and the overload tension is released by the safety steel wire.

7. A fall-off type tension safety release composite insulator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The moving contact includes a limit seat provided on the bottom of the moving contact, a pressure plate provided on the limit seat, a wire pressing groove provided between the limit seat and the pressure plate, and a plurality of connecting bolts for connecting the pressure plate and the limit seat. The wire is clamped and fixed through the wire pressing groove. The locking hole is located in the limit seat. The axial cross-section of the locking hole is a T-shaped structure. One end of the safety steel wire is fixed on the connecting bolt.

8. The fall-off type tension safety release composite insulator according to claim 7, characterized in that: A positioning hole is provided on one side of the fixed contact, the safety hanging ring is arranged in the positioning hole, a U-shaped limiting groove is formed between the limiting seat and the safety hanging ring, and both sides of the stacked and wound safety steel wires are limited by the limiting groove.

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