Terminal

Abstract

When the terminal uses a frequency band different from a frequency band including one or more frequency ranges, it applies any format of multiple initial access signal formats different from the frequency band. The terminal transmits the initial access signal configured according to the applied format via the initial access channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a terminal for performing wireless communication, and in particular to a terminal for performing initial access to a network. Background Art

[0002] In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized, and LTE-Advanced (hereinafter referred to as LTE including LTE-Advanced) was standardized for the purpose of further speeding up LTE. In addition, the standardization of the fifth generation mobile communication system (also known as 5G, New Radio (NR) or Next Generation (NG)) was also promoted.

[0003] 3GPP Release 15 and Release 16 (NR) standardize operations in the FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz) bands. Furthermore, in Release 16 and later standards, operations in bands beyond 52.6 GHz are under study (Non-Patent Document 1). The target frequency range in the study item (SI) is 52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz.

[0004] At very high carrier frequencies, increases in phase noise and propagation loss become a problem, and the signal becomes more sensitive to peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and nonlinearity of the power amplifier.

[0005] In order to solve this problem, when using high frequency bands such as those exceeding 52.6 GHz, which are different from FR1 and FR2, the application of cyclic prefix-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) / discrete Fourier transform-spread (DFT-S-OFDM) with a larger subcarrier spacing (SCS) can be considered.

[0006] Prior art literature

[0007] Non-patent literature

[0008] Non-Patent Document 1: 3GPP TR 38.807 V0.1.0, 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Study on requirements for NR beyond 52.6 GHz (Release 16), 3GPP, March 2019 Summary of the Invention

[0009] However, the larger (wider) the SCS, the shorter the OFDM symbol length (also called symbol duration). In addition, the duration of the SSB (SS / PBCH Block) in the time domain, which consists of the synchronization signal (SS) and the downlink physical broadcast channel (PBCH), also becomes shorter.

[0010] Therefore, when considering the propagation delay of the random access (RA) preamble (hereinafter appropriately abbreviated as RA preamble or preamble) sent in the random access channel (PRACH: Physical Random Access Channel) timing (PRACH Occasion (RO)) within the cell, there is a problem that the arrival range of the RA preamble, that is, the coverage range, is also reduced.

[0011] In addition, when the SCS becomes larger, the RA preamble code length also becomes shorter, so the cyclic shift amount is also limited, which will also lead to a reduction in the number of preamble code patterns and a decrease in the power spectral density (PSD) of the PRACH.

[0012] Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a terminal that can reliably perform initial access such as an appropriate random access (RA) procedure even when using an inter-frequency band different from FR1 / FR2.

[0013] One embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal (UE 200), comprising: a control unit that, when using an inter-frequency band (e.g., FR4) that is different from a frequency band including one or more frequency ranges (FR1, FR2), applies any of a plurality of formats of an initial access signal (RA preamble) that is different from the frequency band; and a transmission unit (control signal / reference signal processing unit 240) that transmits the initial access signal set according to the applied format via an initial access channel (PRACH), wherein the control unit applies the format corresponding to a subcarrier spacing in the inter-frequency band that is wider than the subcarrier spacing in the frequency band, the inter-frequency band corresponding to a frequency band exceeding 52.6 GHz and up to 114.25 GHz, the format including a cyclic prefix and a guard time, the number of samples of the cyclic prefix being longer than the number of samples of the guard time, and in the inter-frequency band, the initial access channel is composed of a smaller number of resource blocks than when the frequency band is used. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a diagram schematically illustrating the overall configuration of the wireless communication system 10 .

[0015] Figure 2 is a diagram showing frequency ranges used in the wireless communication system 10 .

[0016] Figure 3 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a radio frame, a subframe, and a time slot used in the wireless communication system 10 .

[0017] Figure 4 FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of UE 200 .

[0018] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing an example in which the length of the RA preamble is shortened as the SCS is extended.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a diagram showing a configuration example of a preamble format according to this embodiment.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing an example of the correspondence between frequency ranges belonging to the inter-band domain and a setting table (Radom access configurations).

[0021] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing an example of mapping of PRACH slots in the time direction.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing an example of a preamble format according to Operation Example 2.

[0023] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the correspondence between the coverage of the RA preamble and the preamble format configuration (part 1).

[0024] Figure 11 This is a diagram showing the correspondence between the coverage of the RA preamble and the preamble format configuration (part 2).

[0025] Figure 12 The diagram shows a preamble format that does not include a gap (GAP) for switching antenna beams and a preamble format that includes the gap.

[0026] Figure 13 This is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the UE 200 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same or similar reference numerals are given to the same functions and structures, and their description will be omitted as appropriate.

[0028] (1) Overall schematic structure of wireless communication system

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of wireless communication system 10 involved in this embodiment. Wireless communication system 10 is a wireless communication system based on 5G New Radio (NR), and includes Next Generation-Radio Access Network 20 (NG-RAN 20) and terminal 200 (UE 200 or User Equipment, UE).

[0030] NG-RAN 20 includes a radio base station 100 (hereinafter referred to as gNB 100). In addition, the specific structure of the wireless communication system 10 including the number of gNBs and UEs is not limited to Figure 1 Example shown.

[0031] The NG-RAN 20 actually includes multiple NG-RAN nodes, specifically multiple gNBs (or ng-eNBs), which are connected to the 5G core network (5GC, not shown). The NG-RAN 20 and 5GC can be simply referred to as the "network."

[0032] gNB 100 is a 5G-compliant radio base station that performs 5G-compliant wireless communications with UE 200. gNB 100 and UE 200 support Massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output), which generates highly directional beams (BMs) by controlling radio signals transmitted from multiple antenna elements; Carrier Aggregation (CA), which bundles and uses multiple Component Carriers (CCs); and Dual Connectivity (DC), which allows simultaneous communication between a UE and two NG-RAN nodes.

[0033] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 10 supports multiple frequency ranges (FR). Figure 2 The frequency range used in the wireless communication system 10 is shown.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the wireless communication system 10 supports FR1 and FR2. The frequency bands of the respective FRs are as follows.

[0035] FR1: 410MHz~7.125GHz

[0036] FR2: 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz

[0037] In FR1, a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) of 15, 30, or 60 kHz is used, and a bandwidth (BW) of 5 to 100 MHz is used. FR2 has a higher frequency than FR1 and uses 60 or 120 kHz.

[0038] (may include 240kHz) SCS and use a bandwidth (BW) of 50 to 400MHz.

[0039] In addition, SCS can be interpreted as a numerology. The numerology is defined in 3GPP TS 38.300 and corresponds to a subcarrier spacing in the frequency domain.

[0040] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 10 supports frequency bands higher than FR2. For example, the wireless communication system 10 supports frequency bands exceeding 52.6 GHz up to 114.25 GHz. For ease of explanation, this high-frequency band is referred to as "FR4." FR4 belongs to the so-called EHF (extremely high frequency, also known as millimeter wave). FR4 is a provisional designation and may be referred to by other names.

[0041] FR4 can also be further differentiated. For example, FR4 can be divided into frequency ranges below 70 GHz and frequency ranges above 70 GHz. Alternatively, FR4 can be divided into more frequency ranges, or even frequencies beyond 70 GHz.

[0042] For convenience of explanation, the frequency band between FR1 and FR2 is referred to as “FR3.” FR3 is a frequency band exceeding 7.125 GHz and less than 24.25 GHz.

[0043] In this embodiment, FR3 and FR4 are different from the frequency band including FR1 and FR2, and are referred to as an inter-frequency band domain.

[0044] In particular, as mentioned above, in high-frequency bands such as FR4, increased inter-carrier phase noise becomes a problem, which may necessitate a larger (wider) subcarrier spacing (SCS) or the use of a single-carrier waveform.

[0045] Additionally, as sensitivity to PAPR and power amplifier nonlinearity becomes greater, a larger (wider) SCS (and / or a smaller number of FFT points), PAPR reduction mechanisms, or a single-carrier waveform may be required.

[0046] In this embodiment, when using a band exceeding 52.6 GHz, CP-OFDM (Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) / Discrete Fourier Transform-Spread (DFT-S-OFDM) with a larger SCS can be applied. DFT-S-OFDM can be applied not only to the uplink (UL) but also to the downlink (DL).

[0047] Figure 3 1 and 2 show configuration examples of radio frames, subframes, and time slots used in the wireless communication system 10. Table 1 also shows the relationship between the SCS and the symbol period.

[0048] [Table 1]

[0049]

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown in Table 1, the larger (wider) the SCS, the shorter the symbol period (and slot period). The symbol period can also be called symbol time or symbol length, and the SCS can also be broadly called a resource block (RB, including physical RBs (PRBs)).

[0051] Furthermore, the duration of the SS / PBCH Block (SSB) in the time domain is also shortened. In addition, Table 1 shows SCSs up to 960 kHz, but as described below, SCSs of 1920 kHz are also envisaged.

[0052] Furthermore, when supporting FR4 (high frequency band), etc., to cope with wider bandwidths and greater propagation losses, it is necessary to use massive antennas with multiple antenna elements to generate narrower beams. In other words, multiple beams are required to cover a certain geographical area.

[0053] The SSB is a synchronization signal / broadcast channel block consisting of the SS (Synchronization Signal) and the PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel). It is primarily transmitted periodically by the UE 200 at the start of communication to detect the cell ID and reception timing. In 5G, the SSB can also be used to measure reception quality in each cell.

[0054] The SS is composed of a primary synchronization signal (PSS: Primary SS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS: Secondary SS).

[0055] The PSS is a known signal that the UE 200 initially attempts to detect during the cell search process. The SSS is a known signal that is transmitted during the cell search process in order to detect a physical cell ID.

[0056] The PBCH includes the radio frame number (SFN: System Frame Number), an index for identifying the symbol positions of multiple SS / PBCH blocks within a half-frame (5 milliseconds), and other information required for the UE 200 to establish frame synchronization with the NR cell formed by the gNB 100 after detecting the SS / PBCH block.

[0057] The PBCH may also contain system parameters required for receiving system information (SIBs). Furthermore, the SSBs also contain the demodulation reference signal for the broadcast channel (DMRS for PBCH). The DMRS for PBCH is a known signal transmitted to measure the radio channel status for PBCH demodulation.

[0058] UE 200 assumes that each SSB is associated with a beam BM with a different transmission direction (coverage). This allows UE 200 residing in an NR cell to receive any beam BM, acquire an SSB, and initiate initial access and SSB detection / measurement.

[0059] In addition, there are various SSB transmission modes depending on the SCS, frequency range (FR), or other parameters. In addition, not all SSBs may be transmitted, and only a small number of SSBs may be selectively transmitted based on network conditions and status, and the UE 200 may be notified of which SSBs are transmitted and which are not.

[0060] One or more PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel) transmission opportunities (also called PRACH Occasion (RO) or simply referred to as opportunities) associated with an SSB (SS / PBCH Block) are provided to UE 200 .

[0061] 3GPP Release 15 defines 64 random access (RA) preambles for RO in both time and frequency directions. RA preambles are listed in ascending order of cyclic shift at the beginning of the logical root sequence (LRS), followed by increasing order of the RPSI starting with the RPSI obtained from higher layers.

[0062] The preamble sequence is based on a sequence based on Zadoff-Chu. If it is not possible to generate 64 RA preambles from a single root Zadoff-Chu sequence, additional preamble sequences are obtained from root sequences with consecutive logical indices until all 64 sequences are found. The order of the logical root sequences is periodic, and L RA =839, logical index 0 and 837 are continuous, in L RA =139, it is continuous with 137. The sequence number is obtained from the logical root sequence index according to Tables 6.3.3.1-3 and 6.3.3.1-4 of TS38.211.

[0063] In addition, in this embodiment, the number of RA preambles per RO can be reduced from 64 as described below.

[0064] (2) Functional block structure of wireless communication system

[0065] Next, the functional block configuration of the wireless communication system 10 will be described. Specifically, the functional block configuration of the UE 200 will be described.

[0066] Figure 4 2 is a functional block diagram of UE 200. Figure 4As shown, UE 200 includes a radio signal transceiver 210 , an amplifier 220 , a modem 230 , a control signal / reference signal processor 240 , an encoder / decoder 250 , a data transceiver 260 , and a controller 270 .

[0067] The radio signal transceiver 210 transmits and receives NR-compliant radio signals. It supports Massive MIMO, CA (combining multiple CCs), and DC (simultaneous communication between the UE and two NG-RAN nodes).

[0068] The amplifier unit 220 is composed of a PA (Power Amplifier) / LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), etc. The amplifier unit 220 amplifies the signal output from the modem unit 230 to a predetermined power level. The amplifier unit 220 also amplifies the RF signal output from the wireless signal transceiver unit 210.

[0069] The modem unit 230 performs data modulation / demodulation, transmission power setting, resource block allocation, etc. according to each predetermined communication destination (gNB 100 or other gNB).

[0070] The control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing related to various control signals transmitted and received by the UE 200 and processing related to various reference signals transmitted and received by the UE 200 .

[0071] Specifically, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 receives various control signals, such as radio resource control (RRC) layer control signals, transmitted from the gNB 100 via a predetermined control channel. Furthermore, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 transmits various control signals to the gNB 100 via a predetermined control channel.

[0072] The control signal and reference signal processing unit 240 performs processing using reference signals (RS) such as a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) and a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS).

[0073] DMRS is a terminal-specific reference signal (pilot signal) known between the base station and the terminal for estimating a fading channel used for data demodulation. PTRS is a terminal-specific reference signal for estimating phase noise, a problem in high-frequency bands.

[0074] In addition, in addition to DMRS and PTRS, reference signals also include Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) and Sounding Reference Signal (SRS).

[0075] In addition, channels include control channels and data channels. Control channels include PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel), PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel), PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel), and PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel).

[0076] In addition, in this embodiment, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 can transmit the RA preamble via the PRACH. In this embodiment, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 constitutes a transmitting unit.

[0077] As described above, PRACH is a random access channel (random access channel), and is a type of channel used for initial access to the network by UE 200. The initial access channel is not necessarily limited to PRACH as long as it is a channel used for the initial access.

[0078] The control signal and reference signal processing unit 240 can transmit the RA preamble via the PRACH configured in the initial access configuration. Specifically, the control signal and reference signal processing unit 240 configures the PRACH according to random access configurations specified in 3GPP TS38.211, Chapter 6.3.3.2.

[0079] Furthermore, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 can transmit the RA preamble configured by the control unit 270 according to the format (also referred to as preamble format) applied to the RA preamble via the PRACH.

[0080] Furthermore, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 can transmit an RA preamble using fewer resources in the time direction (also referred to as the symbol direction or the resource block direction) than when using a frequency band including FR1 and FR2. Furthermore, in this case, the control signal / reference signal processing unit 240 can also transmit an RA preamble using more resources in the frequency direction (also referred to as the subcarrier direction, etc.) than when using a frequency band including FR1 and FR2.

[0081] The encoding / decoding unit 250 performs data segmentation / concatenation and channel coding / decoding, etc. according to each predetermined communication destination (gNB 100 or other gNB).

[0082] Specifically, the encoding / decoding unit 250 divides the data output from the data transceiver 260 into predetermined sizes and performs channel coding on the divided data. In addition, the encoding / decoding unit 250 decodes the data output from the modulation / demodulation unit 230 and concatenates the decoded data.

[0083] The data transceiver 260 transmits and receives Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and Service Data Units (SDUs). Specifically, it assembles and disassembles PDUs and SDUs across multiple layers, including the Medium Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP). Furthermore, the data transceiver 260 performs data error correction and retransmission control using Hybrid ARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request).

[0084] The control unit 270 controls each functional block constituting the UE 200. In particular, in the present embodiment, the control unit 270 performs control related to the initial access of the UE 200 to the network.

[0085] Specifically, when using a frequency band different from the frequency band including FR1 and FR2 (for example, FR4), the control unit 270 can perform the following operations for a plurality of SCSs (see Figure 3 And any SCS application common initial access settings in Table 1).

[0086] More specifically, as described above, in addition to SCSs up to 240 kHz, wireless communication system 10 can also use SCSs of 480, 960, and 1920 kHz. When using these different SCSs, control unit 270 can apply a common initial access configuration, that is, an initial access configuration with the same configuration details. As described above, the initial access configuration refers to the random access configuration specified in TS 38.211, Section 6.3.3.2, etc., but details will be described later.

[0087] When using multiple inter-frequency bands (e.g., FR3 and FR4), the control unit 270 may apply an initial access setting different from that of the frequency bands including FR1 and FR2 to at least some of the inter-frequency bands (e.g., FR4). Furthermore, the control unit 270 may apply an initial access setting different from that of the frequency bands including FR1 and FR2 and different from that of the other inter-frequency bands to each of the multiple inter-frequency bands.

[0088] Furthermore, the multiple inter-frequency bands referred to herein may refer to frequency ranges (FR) such as FR3 and FR4, or may refer to multiple sub-bands defined within such frequency ranges (e.g., FR4). In this case, the control unit 270 may apply different initial access settings to at least a portion of the multiple SCSs (e.g., 1920 kHz) than to other SCSs (e.g., below 960 kHz). In this case, the inter-frequency bands (e.g., FR3 and FR4) may be associated with different SCSs.

[0089] In addition, the control unit 270 can apply an initial access setting different from that of other SCSs to at least a portion of the multiple SCSs (e.g., 1920kHz) when using an hetero-frequency band (e.g., FR4), regardless of the number of hetero-frequency bands (i.e., even when there is only one hetero-frequency band).

[0090] Furthermore, when using a different frequency band, the control unit 270 can apply any of a plurality of formats (preamble formats) of the initial access signal that is different from the frequency band including FR1 and FR2.

[0091] Specifically, the control unit 270 can use any of multiple RA preamble formats (however, the formats differ from those used in FR1 and FR2). The preamble format can include a cyclic prefix (CP) and a guard time (GT). In this embodiment, the number of CP samples can be longer than the number of GT samples. Specific examples of preamble formats will be described later.

[0092] The control unit 270 can apply a format corresponding to the SCS in the different frequency band. Specifically, the control unit 270 can apply the same format to different SCSs (for example, 240 kHz and 480 kHz).

[0093] Alternatively, the control unit 270 may apply a different format to at least a portion of the multiple SCSs (e.g., 1920 kHz) than to other SCSs (e.g., below 960 kHz). In addition, when multiple inter-bands are used, each inter-band may be associated with a different SCS.

[0094] Furthermore, when using an inter-frequency band, the control unit 270 can set an initial access channel consisting of a smaller number of resource blocks (RBs) than when using a frequency band including FR1 and FR2. Specifically, when using an inter-frequency band such as FR4, the control unit 270 sets a PRACH consisting of a smaller number of RBs (which may also be PRBs) than when using FR1 and FR2.

[0095] In this case, the control unit 270 may set a PRACH with a smaller number of RBs as the SCS increases, for example, 6 RBs when the SCS is 240 kHz and 3 RBs when the SCS is 480 kHz.

[0096] In this case, the control unit 270 can set a PRACH with a shorter sequence length than when using a frequency band including FR1 and FR2. The sequence here can refer to a RACH sequence, or can be interpreted as the preamble sequence described above, a logical root sequence, or a Zadoff-Chu sequence.

[0097] Furthermore, when using an inter-frequency band, the control unit 270 can set the duration of the initial access channel with a time gap. Specifically, the control unit 270 can set the PRACH duration with a time gap for antenna beam switching.

[0098] In addition, an antenna beam may be simply referred to as a beam, or may be referred to as an antenna panel (or simply a panel) or an antenna port, etc. In addition, the time gap may also be interpreted as being set between ROs.

[0099] The control unit 270 may obtain information indicating the gap from the network and set the PRACH duration based on the obtained information. The information indicating the gap may also be obtained through signaling from either a higher layer (e.g., RRC) or a lower layer (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI)).

[0100] The control unit 270 can set the PRACH duration by adding a gap to the guard time (GT) included in the RA preamble. Specifically, the control unit 270 can increase the number of samples (length) of the GT in consideration of the time gap for antenna beam switching.

[0101] Furthermore, when using an inter-frequency band, the control unit 270 can apply an initial access configuration including an RA preamble format different from that used in frequency bands including FR1 and FR2. Specifically, the control unit 270 can apply, in the random access configurations specified in 3GPP TS 38.2116.3.3.2, for example, an RA preamble format (preamble format) different from that used in FR1 and FR2, to inter-frequency bands such as FR4.

[0102] In this case, the control unit 270 may apply an initial access setting (which may be a table) in which the maximum slot number associated with the format is extended as the SCS becomes larger. The maximum slot number may indicate a slot number specified in 3GPP TS38.211, Chapter 6.3.3.2, etc.

[0103] In this case, the control unit 270 may apply an initial access setting that specifies a PRACH duration (PRACH duration) including a beam switching time. The beam switching time may be interpreted as the aforementioned time gap for antenna beam switching.

[0104] Alternatively, the control unit 270 may apply an initial access configuration in which the beam switching time is set. In other words, the PRACH duration may not include the beam switching time (gap), but may include a separate beam switching time (gap).

[0105] Furthermore, in this case, when the initial access configuration is associated with multiple SCSs, the control unit 270 may assume the smallest SCS in the inter-frequency band. For example, when 240 kHz and 480 kHz are settable as the SCS for FR4 (or, as described below, when FR4 is divided into multiple sub-bands), the control unit 270 may assume the smallest SCS of 240 kHz and control the functional blocks of the UE 200 based on this SCS.

[0106] (3) Operation of wireless communication system

[0107] Next, a description will be given of the operation of the wireless communication system 10. Specifically, the description will be given of the operation related to the initial access to the network by the terminal (UE 200).

[0108] More specifically, operations related to a random access (RA) procedure in a different frequency band such as FR4, which is different from the frequency band including FR1 and FR2, will be described.

[0109] (3.1) Issues related to random access channels

[0110] First, issues related to the random access channel (specifically, PRACH) when using a high frequency band such as FR4 will be described.

[0111] 3GPP Release 15 (hereinafter referred to as Release 15) supports SCSs of 1.25kHz, 5kHz, 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, and 120kHz for the PRACH. As mentioned above, in high-frequency bands such as FR4, the expansion of the SCS is being studied, and the OFDM symbol length (symbol period) is being shortened (including the CP length and GT length). Therefore, when considering the propagation delay of the RA preamble transmitted in the PRACH Occasion (RO) within the cell, there is a problem that the propagation delay exceeds the CP length and GT length due to the shorter distance, thus reducing the reach (i.e., coverage) of the RA preamble.

[0112] Figure 5 An example is shown in which the length of the RA preamble is shortened as the SCS is extended. Figure 5 The left side of shows an example of the structure of the RA preamble code when SCS=120 kHz. Figure 5 The right side of shows an example of the structure of the RA preamble code when SCS=480 kHz.

[0113] like Figure 5 As shown, the coverage of the RA preamble (PRACH) in the case of SCS=120kHz is about 1.2km, but the coverage of the RA preamble in the case of SCS=480kHz is about 1.2 / 4km (=0.3km).

[0114] Furthermore, as the RA preamble length is shortened, the cyclic shift amount (>2 times the cell radius) is also limited, reducing the number of preamble patterns. As mentioned above, Release 15 uses 64 RA preambles per RO. While this can be partially compensated by increasing the number of root sequences, the number is limited (depending on the RACH sequence).

[0115] Furthermore, when the SCS is expanded, the power density of the PRACH, specifically the power spectral density (PSD), decreases. Furthermore, when the OFDM symbol length is shortened, it is necessary to consider ensuring beam switching time in transmission via the PRACH.

[0116] (3.2) Action Overview

[0117] This operation example mainly targets the case of using a high-frequency band such as FR4, and applies the following extension to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0118] Expand the SCS for PRACH to 240kHz, 480kHz, 960kHz, and 1920kHz

[0119] Added new preamble formats (6, 12, 24 symbols)

[0120] Reduce the PRACH bandwidth (number of RBs) by 1 / n (to maintain PRACH power density)

[0121] In this case, the reduction in the number of RBs requires reducing the RACH sequence (139, 839) by 1 / n. Furthermore, the cyclic shift pattern and the reduction in RACH sequences require a reduction in the number of RA preambles per RO (1 / n). Furthermore, the reduced number of RA preambles per RO can be compensated for using time division multiplexing (FDM). Specifically, this relaxes the upper limit on the number of FDMs.

[0122] Add symbols for beam switching time between PRACHs (can be between ROs).

[0123] Figure 6 The following shows an example of the structure of the preamble format involved in this embodiment. Specifically, Figure 6 Three configuration examples are shown. All three configuration examples are applied to SCS=480 kHz.

[0124] For format C2', the RA preamble consists of 6 symbols. For format Cx, the RA preamble consists of 12 symbols. For format Cy, the RA preamble consists of 24 symbols. Formats C2', Cx, and Cy are all new formats.

[0125] The above extension can also be expressed as follows.

[0126] (i) SCS expansion towards 240 / 480 / 960 / 1920 kHz

[0127] (Solution 1): Apply a configuration table corresponding to all SCSs (Radom access configurations)

[0128] (Scheme 2): Define multiple new frequency bands (inter-band domains) and apply a setting table corresponding to a different SCS for each frequency band.

[0129] (Scheme 3): Apply a separate setting table to each SCS

[0130] (ii) Addition of new preamble formats

[0131] (iii) Reduction of PRACH bandwidth (number of RBs)

[0132] (iv) Inserting gaps between ROs for antenna beam switching

[0133] (Solution 1): Reflect the gap between ROs in a predetermined calculation formula (3GPP TS38.211 Chapter 5.3.2)

[0134] (Solution 2): Add gaps to the settings table (Radom access configurations)

[0135] (Solution 3): Reflecting the gap in the preamble format

[0136] (v) Extension of the configuration table (Radom access configurations) corresponding to (i) to (iv) above

[0137] (3.3) Action example

[0138] Hereinafter, an example of the operation of the terminal (UE 200) related to the above-mentioned (i) to (v) will be described.

[0139] (3.3.1) Action Example 1

[0140] This operation example corresponds to the above (i). That is, the SCS applied to the PRACH is extended to 240kHz, 480kHz, 960kHz, and 1920kHz.

[0141] Figure 7 An example of the correspondence between frequency ranges belonging to the inter-band domain and the setting table (Radom access configurations) is shown.

[0142] like Figure 7 As shown in the table (RACH configurations, "RACH configurations for FRxx" in the figure), any of the following configurations can be applied.

[0143] (Configuration 1): In the frequency band above 52.6 GHz, a new frequency band (FR[4]) is defined, and a setting table corresponding to all SCSs (e.g., 240 / 480 / 960 / 1920 kHz) is applied.

[0144] (Configuration 2): In the frequency band above 52.6 GHz, multiple new frequency bands (FR[4a], FR[4b]) are specified, and a setting table corresponding to the SCS that varies for each frequency band (for example, SCS = {240, 480 kHz} for FR[4a], {960, 1920 kHz} for FR[4b]) is applied.

[0145] (Configuration 3): Regardless of the number of new frequency bands, a separate setting table is applied to each SCS.

[0146] In addition, the setting table can be interpreted as a specific example of the content of the above-mentioned initial access setting. In addition, when the setting table corresponds to multiple SCSs, the terminal can use the corresponding minimum SCS as a reference (for example, FR1: 15kHz, FR2: 60kHz), that is, assume the minimum SCS.

[0147] Figure 8 An example of mapping of PRACH slots in the time direction is shown. Specifically, Figure 8 The mapping examples of PRACH time slots according to the above (configuration 1) to (configuration 3) are shown. Figure 8 The mapping examples (SCS=480 kHz) for (configurations 1 and 2) shown are configuration references for PRACH slots with SCS=240 kHz.

[0148] like Figure 8 As shown, the terminal can envision the mapping of PRACH time slots that are different for each SCS. In addition, even for the same SCS, the terminal can envision the mapping of the number of PRACH time slots (40 or 80) contained in the wireless frame or subframe corresponding to the "Number of PRACH slots in a subframe" (1 or 2).

[0149] (3.3.2) Action Example 2

[0150] This operation example corresponds to the above (ii). That is, a new preamble format is added. Specifically, RA preambles of 6, 12, and 24 symbols are added.

[0151] In this case, the number of samples constituting PRACH is as follows (same as Release 15).

[0152] 6 symbols: 2048 × 6 + 864 samples

[0153] 12 symbols: 2048 × 12 + 1728 samples

[0154] 24 symbols: 2048 × 25 + 1408 samples

[0155] Figure 9 An example of the preamble format involved in action example 2 is shown. The terminal can assume Figure 9 The preamble format is shown.

[0156] Specifically, if Figure 9 As shown, the cyclic prefix (CP) and preamble are composed of 2048×n and m samples respectively. The guard time (GT) is composed of 2048×1 + remaining samples (less than 2048).

[0157] Here, it is preferable to set the CP to be longer than the GT. For example, when the CP is 2048×n samples, the GT is 2048×(n-1)+remaining samples. Alternatively, the CP can be less than 2048 samples. In this case, the initial preamble can be used as the CP.

[0158] In addition, the applied preamble format may be determined according to the coverage of the RA preamble.

[0159] Figure 10 The corresponding relationship between the coverage of the RA preamble and the preamble format configuration is shown (Part 1). For example, the preamble format to be applied can be determined as follows. Figure 10 In FIG, the coverage values corresponding to the preamble format (hereinafter referred to as the format) used in the SCS are surrounded by a frame line.

[0160] (Example 1): When SCS=240kHz or higher, format A is not used.

[0161] In this case, the following determination can be made.

[0162] (Example 1-1): Apply one setting table (Radio access configurations) corresponding to all SCSs (240 / 480 / 960 / 1920kHz) (e.g., formats B / C / Cx / Cy).

[0163] (Example 1-2): Multiple new frequency bands are defined, and a setting table corresponding to a different SCS for each frequency band is applied (for example, SCS = {240, 480 kHz}: format B / C / Cx, SCS = {960, 1920 kHz}: format B / C / Cx / Cy).

[0164] ·(Example 1-3): A separate setting table is applied to each SCS (for example, SCS=240kHz: format B / C, 480kHz: format B / C / Cx, 960kHz: format B / C / Cx / Cy, 1920kHz: format B / C / Cx / Cy).

[0165] Figure 11 The corresponding relationship between the coverage of the RA preamble and the preamble format configuration is shown (Part 2). Figure 11 In FIG, the coverage values corresponding to the preamble format (hereinafter referred to as the format) used in the SCS are surrounded by a frame line.

[0166] (Example 2): When SCS=240 kHz or higher, format A is not used. Also, when SCS=960 kHz or higher, format B is not used.

[0167] In this case, the following determination can be made.

[0168] (Example 2-1): Apply one setting table (Radio access configurations) corresponding to all SCSs (240 / 480 / 960 / 1920kHz) (e.g., formats B / C / Cx / Cy).

[0169] (Example 2-2): Multiple new frequency bands are defined, and a setting table corresponding to a different SCS for each frequency band is applied (e.g., SCS = {240, 480 kHz}: format B / C / Cx, SCS = {960, 1920 kHz}: format C / Cx / Cy)

[0170] ·(Example 2-3): A separate setting table is applied to each SCS (for example, SCS=240kHz: format B / C, 480kHz: format B / C / Cx, 960kHz: format C / Cx / Cy, 1920kHz: format C / Cx / Cy).

[0171] (3.3.3) Action Example 3

[0172] This operation example corresponds to the above (iii). That is, in order to maintain the power density of the PRACH, the PRACH bandwidth (number of RBs) is reduced.

[0173] For example, when SCS=240kHz, it is set to 6RB, and when SCS=480kHz, it is set to 3RB (refer to Figure 6 ). In addition, in version 15, 12RB is specified.

[0174] Furthermore, as the number of RBs is reduced, the RACH sequence (139, 839) is also reduced. For example, in the case of 6 RBs, it can be set to a prime number (71) around 139 / 2, and in the case of 3 RBs, it can be set to a prime number (31, 37) around 139 / 4.

[0175] Table 2 shows an example of combinations of parameters related to random access including the RACH sequence, the SCS for PRACH, and the SCS for PUSCH according to Operation Example 3. Specifically, Table 2 corresponds to Table 6.3.3.2-1 of 3GPP TS38.211.

[0176] [Table 2]

[0177]

[0178] As shown in Table 2, except for L RA =839, 139, and 71, 37 (see the underlined portion). Furthermore, with the reduction in cyclic shift patterns and RACH sequences, the number of preambles per RO is reduced from 64. As mentioned above, the amount of preamble reduction can be compensated by FDM (i.e., frequency spreading).

[0179] For example, the upper limit of the number of FDMs is increased from 8 specified in Version 15 and can also be set to 16 or 32.

[0180] (3.3.4) Action Example 4

[0181] This operation example corresponds to the above (iv). That is, the gaps between ROs are inserted during antenna beam switching.

[0182] The method for inserting the gap for antenna beam switching can be any of the following methods. Specifically, the gap provided between ROs can be included in the calculation formula for the symbol position. (Formula 1) represents the calculation formula for the symbol position (Symbol position 1) specified in 3GPP TS 38.2115.3.2.

[0183] [Formula 1]

[0184]

[0185] l0 is specified by the parameters (Starting Symbol) in TS38.211 Tables 6.3.3.2-2 to 6.3.3.2-4. n_t^RA is the PRACH transmission timing within the PRACH slot. N_dur^RA is the PRACH length (equivalent to the number of symbols) specified in TS38.211 Tables 6.3.3.2-2 to 6.3.3.2-4. n_slot^RA is the number of consecutive slots per PRACH slot (1 or 2) specified by the SCS value and TS38.211 Tables 6.3.3.2-2 to 6.3.3.2-4.

[0186] (Formula 2) is a calculation formula for the symbol position obtained by adding a gap (GAP) for antenna beam switching to (Formula 1).

[0187] [Formula 2]

[0188]

[0189] In (Formula 2), GAP, which is a gap time for switching antenna beams, is added to N_dur^RA.

[0190] In addition, the value of GAP may be a fixed value (eg, 1 symbol) or may be notified from the network by being included in a setting table.

[0191] Alternatively, the GAP may be directly added to the configuration table (Radom access configurations) instead of using the calculation formula for the symbol position.

[0192] Table 3 shows a configuration example of a setting table (Radom access configurations) to which a gap time GAP for switching antenna beams is added. Table 3 corresponds to Table 6.3.3.2-4 of 3GPP TS38.211.

[0193] [Table 3]

[0194] Table 6.3.3.2-4:Random access configurations for FR4 and unpairedspectrum.

[0195]

[0196] As shown in Table 3, the random access configurations include a 1-symbol GAP. While Table 3 shows the GAP as being independent of other parameters, the GAP can also be included in the number of symbols in the PRACH duration. That is, if the GAP is 1 symbol, the PRACH duration is 7 symbols.

[0197] Alternatively, as another method, a gap for switching antenna beams may be included in the preamble format.

[0198] Figure 12 A preamble format not including a gap (GAP) for antenna beam switching and a preamble format including the gap are shown.

[0199] like Figure 12 As shown, the format of the GAP code element will not be included ( Figure 12 The upper part of the format) and the format with GAP code element added ( Figure 12 When compared with the lower part of the preamble format, the number of GT samples increases in the format with the GAP codeword added. That is, the GAP codeword is added to the GT part of the preamble format.

[0200] In addition, the GAP codeword can be expressed as GT, and can also be expressed as a GAP codeword separately from the GT.

[0201] (3.3.5) Action Example 5

[0202] This operation example corresponds to the above (v). That is, according to the above (i) to (iv) (operation examples 1 to 4), the setting table (Radomaccess configurations) is expanded.

[0203] Table 4 shows an extended example of the configuration table (Radom access configurations).

[0204] [Table 4]

[0205] Table 6.3.3.2-4:Random access configurations for FR4 and unpairedspectrum.

[0206]

[0207] In addition, as described above, a new preamble format can be added. As shown in Table 4, the maximum slot number associated with the preamble format, i.e., the Slot number, is extended to constitute the maximum slot number according to the minimum SCS corresponding to the setting table.

[0208] Specifically, when SCS=240kHz, it is expanded to 159, when SCS=480kHz, it is expanded to 319, when SCS=960kHz, it is expanded to 659, and when SCS=1920kHz, it is expanded to 1279.

[0209] Regarding the Number of PRACCH slots, when one setting table supports three or more different SCSs (3, 4), 3 and 4 are added as shown in Table 4.

[0210] As described above, the PRACH duration is determined by including the value of the gap time for switching antenna beams, that is, the GAP. In addition, as described above, the GAP sequence is not necessarily required, and the PRACH duration may include the GAP.

[0211] In addition, as described above, when the setting table corresponds to multiple SCSs, the corresponding minimum SCS can be set as a reference (refer to Action Example 1).

[0212] (4) Action and Effect

[0213] The above-described embodiment can achieve the following effects. Specifically, when a different frequency band such as FR4 is used in the wireless communication system 10, the SCS is extended to 240, 480, 960, and 1920 kHz, and appropriate configuration tables (Radom access configurations) corresponding to the multiple SCSs can be applied, that is, appropriate initial access configurations can be applied.

[0214] When a different frequency band is used in the wireless communication system 10, a new preamble format can be added. Therefore, even if the coverage of the RA preamble is reduced due to the expansion of the SCS, the terminal can transmit an appropriate RA preamble.

[0215] When a different frequency band is used in the wireless communication system 10, the PRACH bandwidth (number of RBs) can be reduced. Therefore, even when the SCS is extended, the PRACH power density can be maintained.

[0216] In the wireless communication system 10, a gap in antenna beam switching can be inserted between ROs. Therefore, even when the length of the RA preamble is shortened with the expansion of the SCS, the terminal can reliably perform antenna beam switching.

[0217] In the wireless communication system 10, the configuration table (Radom access configurations) can be extended for use in an inter-band domain. Therefore, even when the extended SCS is used in an inter-band domain, the terminal can reliably and quickly recognize the appropriate initial access configuration.

[0218] That is, according to the wireless communication system 10 , even when using a different frequency band from FR1 / FR2, the terminal can reliably perform initial access such as an appropriate random access (RA) procedure.

[0219] (5) Other implementation methods

[0220] As mentioned above, although the content of this invention was demonstrated based on an Example, this invention is not limited to these descriptions, Various deformation|transformation and improvement are possible, as is obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0221] For example, in the above embodiment, a high frequency band such as FR4 (ie, a frequency band exceeding 52.6 GHz) is described as an example, but at least any one of the above operation examples is also applicable to other frequency ranges such as FR3.

[0222] Furthermore, as described above, FR4 can be divided into a plurality of sub-bands such as FR4a and FR4b. For example, FR4 can be divided into FR4a and FR4b based on 70 GHz.

[0223] The block diagram used in the description of the above embodiment ( Figure 4 ) shows blocks in units of functions. These functional blocks (structural parts) are implemented by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. In addition, there is no particular limitation on the implementation method of each functional block. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a device that is physically or logically combined, or it can be implemented by connecting two or more physically or logically separated devices directly or indirectly (for example, using wired or wireless connections) and using these multiple devices. The functional block can also be implemented by combining software with the above-mentioned one device or the above-mentioned multiple devices.

[0224] Functionally, these include, but are not limited to, judging, deciding, determining, calculating, calculating, processing, deriving, investigating, searching, confirming, receiving, sending, outputting, accessing, resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, assuming, expecting, regarding, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that enables the transmission function is called a transmitting unit or a transmitter. In short, as described above, there is no particular limitation on the implementation method.

[0225] Furthermore, the above-mentioned UE 200 may also function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 13 2 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of UE 200. Figure 13 As shown, UE 200 may also be configured as a computer device including a processor 1001 , a memory 1002 (memory), a storage 1003 (storage), a communication device 1004 , an input device 1005 , an output device 1006 , and a bus 1007 .

[0226] In the following description, the word "device" can be replaced with "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware structure of the device may include one or more of the devices shown in the figures, or may exclude some of the devices.

[0227] Each functional block of UE 200 (see Figure 4 ) is implemented by any hardware element or combination of hardware elements of the computer device.

[0228] In addition, each function in UE 200 is implemented by reading predetermined software (program) on hardware such as processor 1001 and memory 1002, so that processor 1001 performs calculations and controls the communication of communication device 1004 or controls at least one of the reading and writing of data in memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0229] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by, for example, running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, a calculation device, registers, and the like.

[0230] In addition, the processor 1001 reads a program (program code), a software module or data from at least one of the memory 1003 and the communication device 1004 to the memory 1002, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program that causes the computer to perform at least a part of the actions described in the above-mentioned embodiment is used. In addition, with respect to the various processes described above, although it is described that the various processes are performed by one processor 1001, the various processes described above can also be performed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 can also be installed by one or more chips. In addition, the program can also be sent from the network via a telecommunications line.

[0231] Memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of, for example, at least one of ROM (Read Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM), RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. Memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. Memory 1002 can store programs (program code), software modules, etc., that can execute the method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0232] The memory 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of, for example, at least one of an optical disc such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disc (for example, a compact disc, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disc), a smart card, a flash memory (for example, a card, a stick, a key drive), a Floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magnetic strip, and the like. The memory 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The above-mentioned recording medium may be, for example, other appropriate media such as a database, a server, or the like that includes at least one of the memory 1002 and the memory 1003.

[0233] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transceiver) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and may also be called a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc.

[0234] For example, the communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, and the like in order to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD).

[0235] The input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from the outside (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to the outside (e.g., a display, speaker, LED light, etc.). Alternatively, the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrally formed (e.g., a touch panel).

[0236] Furthermore, the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus or may be configured using separate buses for each device.

[0237] Furthermore, the device may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be implemented using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0238] In addition, the notification of information is not limited to the form / implementation method described in the present disclosure, and other methods may also be used. For example, the notification of information may be implemented through physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (Downlink Control Information: DCI), uplink control information (Uplink Control Information: UCI)), high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, medium access control (Medium Access Control: MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (Master Information Block: MIB), System Information Block (System Information Block: SIB)), other signals or a combination thereof. In addition, RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc.

[0239] Each form / embodiment described in this disclosure may also be applied to at least one of Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-Advanced), Super 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th Generation Mobile Communication System (4G), 5th Generation Mobile Communication System (5G), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, UWB (Ultra-WideBand), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems using other appropriate systems, and next-generation systems extended therefrom. Furthermore, a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-Advanced with 5G) may also be applied.

[0240] The processing procedures, timings, and flows of each form / implementation described in this disclosure may be performed in a different order unless there is a conflict. For example, the methods described in this disclosure use an illustrative order to present the elements of various steps, but are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0241] In the present disclosure, specific actions performed by a base station are sometimes performed by its upper node depending on the situation. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes including a base station, it is obvious that various actions performed to communicate with a terminal can be performed by at least one of the base station and other network nodes other than the base station (for example, considering an MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). In the above, the case where there is only one other network node other than the base station is illustrated, but the other network node may also be a combination of multiple other network nodes (for example, an MME and an S-GW).

[0242] Information, signals (information, etc.) can be output from a higher layer (or lower layer) to a lower layer (or higher layer), and can also be input or output via multiple network nodes.

[0243] Input or output information can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input or output information can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information can also be deleted. Input information can also be sent to other devices.

[0244] The determination may be made using a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (Boolean: true or false), or a comparison of numerical values (for example, comparison with a predetermined value).

[0245] Each form / implementation described in this disclosure may be used individually or in combination, and may be switched between them depending on the execution. Furthermore, notification of scheduled information is not limited to being performed explicitly (e.g., a notification of "yes X") but may also be performed implicitly (e.g., not notifying the scheduled information).

[0246] Software, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or by other names, shall be interpreted broadly to refer to instructions, sets of instructions, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0247] Furthermore, software, commands, information, and the like may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a web page, server, or other remote source using at least one of a wired technology (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and a wireless technology (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0248] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, commands, instructions, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to in the entire description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0249] In addition, the terms used in this disclosure and those necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be referred to as a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, or the like.

[0250] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably.

[0251] In addition, the information, parameters, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented by absolute values, relative values relative to predetermined values, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may also be indicated by indexes.

[0252] The names used for the above parameters are not limiting in any way. Furthermore, the formulas and the like using these parameters may sometimes differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by appropriate names, and the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting in any way.

[0253] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNodeB (eNB)", "gNodeB (gNB)", "access point", "transmission point", "reception point", "transmission / reception point", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" are used interchangeably. Base stations are also sometimes referred to as macrocells, small cells, femtocells, and picocells.

[0254] A base station can accommodate one or more (for example, three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the base station's overall coverage area can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (for example, a small base station for indoor use (RRH: Remote Radio Head)).

[0255] The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or the entirety of a coverage area of at least one of a base station and a base station subsystem that provides communication services within the coverage area.

[0256] In the present disclosure, terms such as “mobile station (MS)”, “user terminal (user terminal)”, “user equipment (UE)”, and “terminal” may be used interchangeably.

[0257] For mobile stations, those skilled in the art sometimes also use the following terms to refer to them: subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate terms.

[0258] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. In addition, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. The mobile body may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), a mobile body that moves unmanned (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). In addition, at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0259] In addition, the base station in the present disclosure can also be replaced by a mobile station (user terminal, the same below). For example, regarding a structure in which the communication between a base station and a mobile station is replaced by communication between multiple mobile stations (for example, it can also be called D2D (Device-to-Device: device to device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything: vehicle to everything system, etc.), the various forms / implementations of the present disclosure can also be applied. In this case, it can also be set as a structure in which the mobile station has the functions of the base station. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can also be replaced by terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side"). For example, uplink channels, downlink channels, etc. can also be replaced by side channels.

[0260] Likewise, the mobile station in the present disclosure may be replaced by a base station. In this case, the base station may have the same functions as the mobile station.

[0261] A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. In the time domain, one or more frames may be referred to as subframes.

[0262] A subframe may consist of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe may be of a fixed time length (eg, 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0263] A parameter set may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set may include at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, specific windowing performed by the transceiver in the time domain, and the like.

[0264] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) in the time domain. A slot may be a time unit based on a parameter set.

[0265] A time slot may contain multiple mini-slots. Each mini-slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-slot may also be referred to as a sub-slot. A mini-slot may consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in time units larger than a mini-slot may be referred to as PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may be referred to as PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0266] Radio frame, subframe, time slot, mini-time slot, and symbol all represent time units for signal transmission. Radio frame, subframe, time slot, mini-time slot, and symbol may be referred to by other corresponding names.

[0267] For example, a subframe can be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes can be called a TTI, and a slot or minislot can be called a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI can be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. Furthermore, the unit representing a TTI can be a slot, a minislot, or the like, rather than a subframe.

[0268] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit for scheduling in wireless communications. For example, in the LTE system, a base station schedules the allocation of radio resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmit power available to each user terminal) to each user terminal using TTIs. The definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0269] A TTI can be a unit of time for transmitting data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc. after channel coding, or a unit of processing for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Furthermore, when a TTI is assigned, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, code block, code word, etc. is actually mapped can be shorter than the TTI.

[0270] In addition, when one time slot or one mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more time slots or one or more mini-time slots) can constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling. In addition, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of scheduling can be controlled.

[0271] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms is also called a normal TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), a normal TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a normal subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a minislot, a subslot, a time slot, etc.

[0272] In addition, for long TTI (for example, normal TTI, subframe, etc.), it can be replaced with a TTI with a time length of more than 1ms, and for short TTI (for example, shortened TTI, etc.), it can be replaced with a TTI length that is smaller than long TTI (longTTI) and has a TTI length of more than 1ms.

[0273] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can also be determined by the parameter set.

[0274] In addition, the time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may be the length of one slot, one mini-slot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0275] In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, and the like.

[0276] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0277] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also known as a fractional bandwidth) represents a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) used for a particular parameter set within a carrier. Common RBs can be identified by their index relative to the common reference point for that carrier. PRBs are defined within a BWP and numbered within that BWP.

[0278] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL (DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0279] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and it is not assumed that the UE transmits or receives predetermined signals / channels outside of the activated BWP. In addition, "cell", "carrier", etc. in the present disclosure may be replaced with "BWP".

[0280] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, mini-slots, and symbols are merely examples. For example, various modifications may be made to the structures including the number of subframes in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-slots in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs in a slot or mini-slot, the number of subcarriers in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, and the cyclic prefix (CP) length.

[0281] The terms "connected", "coupled" or all variations of these terms are intended to indicate any direct or indirect connection or combination between two or more elements, including the situation where there is one or more intermediate elements between the two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The combination or connection between elements can be a physical combination or connection, a logical combination or connection, or a combination of these. For example, "access" can be used to replace "connection". In the context of the present disclosure, two elements can be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other by using at least one of one or more wires, cables and printed electrical connections, and as some non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, by using electromagnetic energy with a wavelength in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region and light (including both visible and invisible) region.

[0282] The reference signal may be referred to as Reference Signal (RS) for short, or may be referred to as a pilot signal depending on the applied standard.

[0283] The phrase "according to" used in this disclosure does not mean "only according to" unless otherwise expressly stated. In other words, the phrase "according to" means both "only according to" and "at least according to."

[0284] The "unit" in the configuration of each of the above-mentioned devices can be replaced with a "section", "circuit", "device", etc.

[0285] Any reference to an element using the terms "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure, does not necessarily limit the number or order of these elements. These terms are used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Therefore, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements can be used or that the first element must precede the second element in any form.

[0286] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, the term "or" used in this disclosure does not mean an exclusive OR.

[0287] In the present disclosure, when an article is added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the present disclosure also includes cases where the noun following the article is in plural form.

[0288] As used in this disclosure, terms such as "determining" and "determining" sometimes encompass a variety of actions. For example, "determining" and "judging" may include considering matters that have been "judged" or "determined" as matters that have been "judged," "determined," or the like, such as calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), or ascertaining. Furthermore, "determining" and "receiving" (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, or accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory) may be considered matters that have been "judged," "determined," or the like. Furthermore, "determining" and "resolving" may include matters that have been "judged," "selecting," choosing, establishing, or comparing, etc. That is, "determining" and "judging" may include matters that have been "judged," "determined," or the like. In addition, “judgment (decision)” can also be replaced by “assuming (assuming)”, “expecting (expecting)”, “considering (considering)” and the like.

[0289] In this disclosure, the phrase "A and B are different" may also mean "A and B are different from each other." Furthermore, the phrase may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" are to be interpreted in the same manner as "different."

[0290] While the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure.

[0291] Description of labels:

[0292] 10 Wireless Communication Systems

[0293] 20 NG-RAN

[0294] 100 gNB

[0295] 200 UE

[0296] 210 Wireless Signal Transceiver

[0297] 220 Amplifier

[0298] 230 Modem Unit

[0299] 240 Control signal and reference signal processing unit

[0300] 250 Encoding / Decoding Unit

[0301] 260 Data Transceiver Department

[0302] 270 Control Department

[0303] 1001 Processor

[0304] 1002 Memory

[0305] 1003 Memory

[0306] 1004 Communication device

[0307] 1005 Input Device

[0308] 1006 Output Device

[0309] 1007 Bus

Claims

1. A terminal, wherein: The terminal has: a control unit configured to apply any format of a plurality of formats of an initial access signal different from the frequency band when using a different frequency band domain than the frequency band including one or more frequency ranges; as well as a transmitting unit configured to transmit the initial access signal configured in accordance with the applied format via an initial access channel, The control unit applies the format corresponding to the subcarrier spacing in the different frequency band that is wider than the subcarrier spacing in the frequency band, The out-of-band domain corresponds to a frequency band exceeding 52.6 GHz up to 114.25 GHz, The format includes a cyclic prefix and a guard time, The number of samples of the cyclic prefix is longer than the number of samples of the guard time, In the foreign frequency band, the initial access channel is composed of a smaller number of resource blocks than when the frequency band is used.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein The control unit applies the same format to different subcarrier spacings.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit applies the format different from the other subcarrier spacings to at least a part of the plurality of subcarrier spacings. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein: When a plurality of the inter-frequency bands are used, the inter-frequency bands are respectively associated with the subcarrier spacings that are different from each other.

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