Carbon-containing gas detection system, method, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of carbon-containing gas detection system, method, equipment and computer readable storage medium, the carbon-containing gas detection system includes data acquisition module, aerosol module and data processing module;Data acquisition module includes telescope and near infrared spectrometer;Telescope is used to converge sunlight, and transmit sunlight to near infrared spectrometer, near infrared spectrometer is used to split light and converge in detector to sunlight, and obtain the measured spectrum corresponding to sunlight;Aerosol module is used to synchronously measure the aerosol optical parameter of multiple wave bands;Data processing module is used to input the aerosol optical parameter and measured spectrum into preset radiation transfer model, simulate gas normalization column weight function and solar normalization simulation spectrum by radiation transfer model, and according to gas normalization column weight function and solar normalization simulation spectrum, the vertical column concentration of target carbon-containing gas is inverted.This application can improve the accuracy of carbon-containing gas inversion result.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of carbon-containing gas detection in the atmosphere, and particularly to a carbon-containing gas detection system, method, device and computer readable storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] Carbon cycle is one of the most important physical systems on the earth, and its response to the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and global warming is one of the factors shaping the future climate. In the past 200 years, humans have added relatively small but considerable amounts of carbon to the atmosphere through the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and the industrial production of cement, lime, and ammonia, disrupting this natural cycle. Therefore, monitoring carbon-containing gases in the atmosphere can effectively evaluate the emission and emission reduction effect of carbon-containing gases in the atmosphere, and implement the important strategic deployment of carbon peak and carbon neutralization. In recent years, the monitoring of carbon-containing gases mainly relies on spaceborne near-infrared hyperspectral analyzers, ground-based Fourier infrared spectrometers, ground-based remote sensing infrared spectrometers, etc., which observe carbon-containing gases through infrared bands. However, the inversion of near-infrared region gas is easily affected by the existence of aerosols, so the inversion result of carbon-containing gas through the near-infrared hyperspectral analyzer is low in accuracy. SUMMARY

[0003] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a carbon-containing gas detection system, method, device and computer readable storage medium, which aims to solve the technical problem of low accuracy of the inversion result of carbon-containing gas.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a carbon-containing gas detection system, which comprises a data acquisition module, an aerosol module and a data processing module.

[0005] The data acquisition module comprises a telescope and a near-infrared spectrometer, and the telescope is connected with the near-infrared spectrometer; the telescope is used for converging sunlight and transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer, and the near-infrared spectrometer is used for dispersing the sunlight and converging on a detector, and obtaining a measured spectrum corresponding to the sunlight;

[0006] The aerosol module is used for synchronously measuring aerosol optical parameters of multiple wave bands;

[0007] The data processing module is connected with the data acquisition module and the aerosol module respectively, and the data processing module is used for inputting the aerosol optical parameters and the measured spectrum into a preset radiation transfer model, simulating a gas normalized column weight function and a solar normalized simulated spectrum through the radiation transfer model, and inverting a vertical column concentration of a target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum.

[0008] Optionally, the data acquisition module further comprises a sun tracker, a long-pass filter and an optical fiber, the sun tracker is used for automatically tracking the sun, the telescope is fixed on a support frame of the sun tracker, a front end of the telescope is provided with the long-pass filter, the long-pass filter is sealed on a body of the telescope through an O-ring, and a rear end of the long-pass filter is provided with a convex lens; the long-pass filter is used for filtering the sunlight; and the convex lens is used for focusing the filtered sunlight at a tip of the optical fiber, and the optical fiber is used for transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer.

[0009] Optionally, the data acquisition module further comprises a transmission line, and the transmission line is used for inputting the measured spectrum into the data storage control module.

[0010] Optionally, the carbon-containing gas detection system further comprises an auxiliary measurement module.

[0011] The auxiliary measurement module comprises a temperature-humidity-pressure sensor, a raindrop sensor and a camera, the temperature-humidity-pressure sensor and the raindrop sensor are fixed on the support frame of the sun tracker, and the camera is arranged in parallel with the telescope.

[0012] The temperature-humidity-pressure sensor is used for recording temperature, humidity and pressure, the raindrop sensor is used for detecting whether it is raining, and the camera is used for recording weather conditions during observation.

[0013] Optionally, the carbon-containing gas detection system further comprises a data storage control module.

[0014] The data storage control module comprises a controller, and the controller is used for storing the measured spectrum and the aerosol optical parameter.

[0015] The controller is further used for controlling the data acquisition module and the aerosol module to work automatically.

[0016] In addition, the present application further provides a carbon-containing gas detection method, and the carbon-containing gas detection method comprises the following steps:

[0017] Obtaining geometric parameters, an atmospheric standard profile and an aerosol optical parameter;

[0018] Inputting the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameter into a preset radiation transfer model to simulate, so as to obtain a gas normalized column weight function and a sun normalized simulation spectrum;

[0019] According to the gas normalized column weight function and the sun normalized simulation spectrum, a vertical column concentration of a target carbon-containing gas is inversed.

[0020] Optionally, the step of retrieving the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas-normalized column weight function and the sun-normalized simulated spectrum comprises:

[0021] acquiring a measured spectrum;

[0022] fitting the measured spectrum and the sun-normalized simulated spectrum according to the gas-normalized column weight function, and iteratively outputting a target simulated spectrum;

[0023] calculating a vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas according to the target simulated spectrum, and retrieving the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the vertical profile calibration factor.

[0024] Optionally, the step of fitting the measured spectrum and the sun-normalized simulated spectrum according to the gas-normalized column weight function, and iteratively outputting a target simulated spectrum, further comprises:

[0025] low-pass filtering the measured spectrum to remove broadband absorption and noise in the measured spectrum.

[0026] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present application also provides a carbon-containing gas detection device, which comprises a memory, a processor, and a carbon-containing gas detection program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the carbon-containing gas detection program implements the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method as described above when executed by the processor.

[0027] In addition, to achieve the above object, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a carbon-containing gas detection program, and the carbon-containing gas detection program implements the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method as described above when executed by the processor.

[0028] The present application provides a carbon-containing gas detection system, method, device and computer readable storage medium, which firstly acquires observed geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profile and aerosol optical parameters, inputs the geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profile and aerosol optical parameters into a preset radiation transfer model for simulation, obtains a gas-normalized column weight function and a sun-normalized simulated spectrum, and retrieves the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas-normalized column weight function and the sun-normalized simulated spectrum. Compared with only relying on a spaceborne near-infrared hyperspectral analyzer, the present application measures the atmospheric aerosol optical parameters while detecting the vertical column concentration of the carbon-containing gas, improves the accuracy of the carbon-containing gas retrieval result, and improves the accuracy of the retrieval result by considering the influence of the aerosol optical parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of the carbon-containing gas detection system of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A second structural schematic diagram of a carbon-containing gas detection system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of each module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a device of a hardware running environment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 A flowchart of a first embodiment of a carbon-containing gas detection method according to the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 A data inversion flowchart according to the carbon-containing gas detection method of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 A CO2 observation result diagram.

[0036] Explanation of the reference signs:

[0037]

[0038] The implementation, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein merely set forth preferred combinations of components and / or other features, and that persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to make various changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of the present application.

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that all the directionality indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directionality indications also change accordingly.

[0042] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, "fixation" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements or interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In recent years, the monitoring of carbon-containing gases is a challenging observation problem. For example, carbon dioxide is well mixed in the atmosphere due to its long lifetime, and its column concentration varies by less than half at the surface, with little diurnal variation exceeding 1 ppmv, requiring very high precision measurements. The monitoring of carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane mainly relies on ground-based or space-borne near-infrared hyper-spectral analyzers. These carbon-containing gases have characteristic absorption in the near-infrared, and the near-infrared is less sensitive to temperature and water vapor. Therefore, the near-infrared band is usually used to observe carbon-containing gases. However, the retrieval of near-infrared gases is easily affected by the presence of aerosols, especially considering the characteristics of current atmospheric complex pollution in China, the concentration of various aerosols is high. Studies have shown that the retrieval results of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane can be affected by aerosols up to 10%. However, even considering the influence of aerosols, the currently used ground-based near-infrared hyper-spectral analyzers usually use fixed aerosol optical parameters in the intrinsic model, which is far from the actual aerosol optical parameters. The retrieval error caused by aerosols greatly limits the detection accuracy of near-infrared hyper-spectral analyzers for carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane.

[0044] The present application provides a carbon-containing gas detection system. In the first embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection system of the present application, referring to Figure 1 , the carbon-containing gas detection system 004 includes a data acquisition module 001, an aerosol module 003, and a data processing module 002. The data acquisition module 001 includes a telescope 2 and a near-infrared spectrometer 9, which can be specifically referred to Figure 2The telescope 2 is connected with the near-infrared spectrometer 9 through the optical fiber 8, the telescope 2 is used for converging the sunlight and transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer 9, and the near-infrared spectrometer 9 is used for dispersing the sunlight and converging on the detector, and obtaining the corresponding measured spectrum of the sunlight; in the embodiment, the direct sunlight is converged through the telescope 2, the telescope 2 and the near-infrared spectrometer 9 are connected through the optical fiber 8, the sunlight can be transmitted to the near-infrared spectrometer 9 through the optical fiber 8, the sunlight is dispersed through the near-infrared spectrometer 9 and converged on the detector, and the corresponding measured spectrum of the sunlight is obtained after A / D conversion, the corresponding measured spectrum of the sunlight is the measured spectrum data of the sunlight after being absorbed by the near-infrared gas in the atmosphere, the sunlight is absorbed by the near-infrared gas when passing through the atmosphere, the telescope 2 receives the absorbed sunlight, transmits the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer 9, the near-infrared spectrometer 9 disperses and converts the sunlight to obtain the measured spectrum, and the measured spectrum can be the light intensity data according to the waveband distribution. Since the light intensity of the near-infrared spectrometer 9 needs to reach a certain intensity, sufficient signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained for dispersion, in the embodiment, the telescope 2 is used for receiving the direct sunlight, compared with the scattered sunlight, the light intensity of the direct sunlight received in the embodiment is large enough, the exposure time is short, the exposure requirement of the near-infrared spectrometer 9 can be quickly reached, the instrument integration time of the near-infrared spectrometer 9 is effectively shortened, different models of the near-infrared spectrometer 9 can be selected for the detection of different gases, and different near-infrared spectrometers 9 can be replaced through a simple plug-in mode.

[0045] Further, aerosols can scatter light as well as absorb it. Aerosol scattering can shorten the photon path length, leading to an underestimate of the target gas column concentration, or, if the ground albedo is high, can increase the photon path length, leading to an overestimate of the target gas column concentration. In the embodiment, the carbon-containing gas detection system 004 includes an aerosol module 003, which is described with reference to Figure 2 and Figure 3Aerosol module 003 can utilize a sun photometer 11, which automatically aims at the sun and measures the radiant brightness of the sun and sky in different visible and near-infrared bands, from different directions, and at different times. Based on the radiant brightness, the characteristics of atmospheric aerosol components are inferred. These characteristics are known as aerosol optical parameters. Sun photometer 11 synchronously measures aerosol optical parameters across multiple wavelengths, such as 340, 380, 440, 500, 675, 870, 936, 1020, and 1640 nm. In this embodiment, the aerosol optical parameters include aerosol optical depth, aerosol asymmetry factor, single-shot scattering rate, and other parameters that affect the inversion results of target carbon-containing gases. The aerosol optical parameters are measured synchronously with the measured spectrum. In this embodiment, the aerosol optical parameters measured by the sun photometer 11 are input into the preset radiation transfer model as prior information. In this embodiment, the influence of aerosols on the measurement results of carbon-containing gas is taken into consideration, and an aerosol module 003 is added. While obtaining the measured spectrum, the aerosol optical parameters in the atmosphere are synchronously measured, and the actually measured aerosol optical parameters are input into the preset radiation transfer model, which improves the accuracy of the preset radiation transfer model in simulating the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum, thereby improving the overall detection accuracy of the carbon-containing gas detection system.

[0046] Furthermore, the carbon-containing gas detection system 004 also includes a data processing module 002, which is connected to the data acquisition module 001 and the aerosol module 003 respectively. The data processing module 002 is used to input the aerosol optical parameters and the measured spectrum into a preset radiation transfer model, simulate the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum through the radiation transfer model, and invert the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum. The target carbon-containing gas is any one of the carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane.

[0047] In this embodiment, the carbon-containing gas detection system has a simple structure, enabling high-precision detection of the vertical column concentrations of carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane. This simple structure provides a high-precision direct near-infrared high-resolution spectroscopy system. Furthermore, this embodiment incorporates an aerosol module 003, which collaborates with the near-infrared high-resolution spectroscopy system to simultaneously measure atmospheric aerosol optical parameters. The aerosol optical parameters measured by the sun photometer 11 are incorporated into the inversion model, thereby improving the accuracy of the inversion of the vertical column concentrations of carbon-containing gases such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane.

[0048] Furthermore, based on the first embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection system of the present invention, a second embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection system is proposed. In this embodiment, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the data acquisition module 001 can further include a sun tracker 5, a long-pass filter 1, an optical fiber 8 and a transmission line 10, the telescope 2 is fixed on the support frame of the sun tracker 5, the front end of the telescope 2 is provided with the long-pass filter 1, and the long-pass filter 1 is sealed on the body of the telescope 2 through an O-ring in the embodiment, a convex lens is arranged at the rear end of the long-pass filter 1, the convex lens is used for focusing the filtered sunlight at the end of the optical fiber 8, and the sun tracker 5 in the embodiment can adopt a portable sun tracker 5, which is used for automatically tracking the sun, and the telescope 2 is fixed on the support frame of the sun tracker, so that the telescope 2 automatically aligns the sun to follow the sun tracker, so that the direct sunlight can be received in real time, and the long-pass filter 1 can be arranged at the front end of the telescope 2 in the embodiment, and the long-pass filter 1 is sealed on the body of the telescope 2 through an O-ring, so that water leakage or small dust can be prevented from entering, and meanwhile, the convex lens is arranged at the rear end of the long-pass filter 1, the long-pass filter 1 is used for filtering the sunlight, and the convex lens is used for focusing the filtered sunlight at the end of the optical fiber 8, and the optical fiber 8 is used for transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer 9. In the embodiment, the sunlight is filtered through the long-pass filter 1 at the front end of the telescope 2 before entering the telescope 2, for example, visible light and ultraviolet light are filtered out in addition to near-infrared light, and the filtering can be performed according to actual needs in specific implementation, and then the filtered sunlight is focused at the end of the optical fiber 8 through the convex lens at the rear end of the long-pass filter 1, so that the filtered sunlight is transmitted to the near-infrared spectrometer 9 through the optical fiber 8. In the embodiment, the sun tracker, the telescope 2 and the sunlight meter 11 are arranged outdoors, the data acquisition module 001 further includes the transmission line 10, the transmission line 10 is used for inputting the measured spectrum data to the data storage control module 006, the sun tracker 5 automatically tracks the sun, the sunlight directly enters the telescope 2, the near-infrared spectrometer 9 works in the superimposed exposure mode, the exposure time is automatically adjusted according to the different sunlight intensity (usually several seconds), and it is ensured that the measured spectrum intensity has a high signal-to-noise ratio.

[0049] In the embodiment, the carbon-containing gas detection system has a simple structure, and the telescope 2 automatically tracks the sun following the sun tracker, so that the direct sunlight can be acquired in real time, and the integral time of the instrument is greatly shortened, and the time resolution is high.

[0050] Further, based on the first and second embodiments of the carbon-containing gas detection system, a third embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection system is provided.

[0051] In the embodiment, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the carbon-containing gas detection system 004 can further include an auxiliary measurement module 005, the auxiliary measurement module 005 includes a temperature and humidity and pressure sensor, a raindrop sensor 4 and a camera 3, and the auxiliary measurement module 005 can be used forFigure 2 The temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the raindrop sensor 4 are fixed on the support frame of the sun tracker 5, the camera 3 is placed parallel to the telescope 2, the same field of view between the camera 3 and the telescope 2 can be ensured, the temperature and humidity pressure sensor is used for recording temperature and humidity pressure, the raindrop sensor is used for detecting whether it is raining, the camera 3 is used for recording weather conditions during observation, the weather conditions include cloudy, haze, dust, sunny and other weather conditions, the pictures obtained by the camera 3, the temperature and humidity pressure information recorded by the temperature and humidity pressure sensor, and the rainfall information detected by the raindrop sensor are stored in the controller, so as to facilitate subsequent removal of data with large weather interference in the inversion result, specifically, whether to stop measurement is automatically judged through the above information, for example, whether the current weather condition is a preset standard weather condition is judged according to the picture, the temperature and humidity pressure information and the rainfall information, if the current weather condition is not the preset standard weather condition, the measurement is automatically stopped, the preset standard weather condition is a weather condition that can normally measure except cloudy, haze, dust and other weather conditions. The camera 3 is used for recording the current weather condition, because for rainy days or heavy clouds, the raindrops in the atmosphere and the gas molecules in the clouds will affect the movement of the photon path, so that the model cannot be accurately simulated, only the spectrum disturbed by the cloud layer can be removed, if the weather condition is cloudy or haze, dust and other weather conditions that affect the movement of the photon path, the model cannot be simulated under the weather condition, so that inversion is not needed, the data corresponding to the weather condition that affects the movement of the photon path is removed, that is, the measurement is automatically stopped. The temperature and humidity pressure sensor and the raindrop sensor 4 and the camera 3 are all placed outdoors, the gap of the outdoor instrument is sealed with silica gel, waterproof and dustproof, as shown in Figure 2 The sun photometer 11, the camera 3, the temperature and humidity pressure and raindrop sensor 4, and the portable sun tracker 5 are connected with the controller 7 through the control line 6, the spectrometer 9 and the controller 7 are placed in a constant temperature indoor room, the indoor and outdoor machines are connected through the optical fiber 8 and the control line 6. The embodiment increases the auxiliary measurement module in the carbon-containing gas detection system, automatically stops measurement under the weather conditions of rain, cloudy, haze or dust, and improves the intelligent degree of the carbon-containing gas detection system.

[0052] Furthermore, the carbon-containing gas detection system 004 can also include a data storage control module 006, and the data storage control module 006 includes a controller 7; the controller 7 is used to store the measured spectrum and aerosol optical parameters. The controller 7 can also store pictures taken by the camera 3, the temperature, humidity and pressure information recorded by the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, and the rainfall information detected by the raindrop sensor. The controller 7 is also used to control the data acquisition module 001 and the aerosol module 003 to work automatically. Specifically, the data storage control module 006 also includes a control line 6. The controller 7 controls the data acquisition module 001 and the aerosol module 003 to work automatically through the control line 6. The controller 7 controls the sun photometer 11 to automatically monitor the aerosol optical parameters, and the measurement results are stored in the controller 7.

[0053] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] The device in the embodiment of the present invention may be a terminal device such as a PC (personal computer), a portable computer, or a carbon-containing gas detection device.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the carbon-containing gas detection device may include: a processor 1001, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, and a memory 1005. The communication bus 1002 is used to realize the connection and communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a display screen (Display), an input unit such as a keyboard (Keyboard), and the user interface 1003 may optionally include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface (such as wireless fidelity (WIreless-FIdelity, WI-FI). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) memory, or a stable non-volatile memory (Non-Volatile Memory, NVM), such as a disk memory. The memory 1005 may optionally be a storage device independent of the aforementioned processor 1001.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 The structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation of the device, and may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0057] like Figure 4As shown, the memory 1005 as a computer storage medium can include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module and a carbon-containing gas detection program.

[0058] In Figure 4 In the device shown, the network interface 1004 is mainly used for connecting a background server and communicating data with the background server; the user interface 1003 is mainly used for connecting a client (user end) and communicating data with the client; and the processor 1001 can be used for calling the screen projection control program stored in the memory 1005 and performing the following operations:

[0059] Obtaining observed geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profiles and aerosol optical parameters;

[0060] Inputting the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profiles and the aerosol optical parameters into a preset radiation transfer model for simulation to obtain a gas normalized column weight function and a sun normalized simulation spectrum;

[0061] According to the gas normalized column weight function and the sun normalized simulation spectrum, the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is inversed.

[0062] The present application also provides a carbon-containing gas detection method, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The flowchart of the first embodiment of the carbon-containing gas detection method of the present application.

[0063] In the present embodiment, the carbon-containing gas detection method comprises:

[0064] Step S10, obtaining observed geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profiles and aerosol optical parameters;

[0065] In the embodiment, firstly, the observed geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameters are acquired to set the parameters in the preset radiation transfer model, wherein the observed geometric parameters are determined according to the position of the carbon-containing gas detection system 004, and the observed geometric parameters include longitude, latitude, altitude, spectral resolution, solar zenith angle, observation azimuth angle, relative azimuth angle and tangent height, wherein the spectral resolution is determined by the near-infrared spectrometer 9; the atmospheric standard profile includes the temperature, humidity and pressure profile provided by the HITRAN spectral database, the Voigt line shape function and the prior gas parameters, and the prior gas vertical profile of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane simulated in real time by the atmospheric quality model. In the previous near-infrared gas inversion, only the single American atmospheric standard profile (USS76) proposed in 1976 is used for the prior information of the target carbon-containing gas at any position in the world. However, for the inversion of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane, the USS76 profile has been outdated and is not accurate enough, and in the embodiment, the prior gas vertical profile of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane simulated in real time by the atmospheric quality model can further improve the inversion accuracy; the aerosol parameters are the aerosol optical thickness, the aerosol asymmetry factor and the single scattering albedo observed by the sun photometer 11, and in the embodiment, the related setting parameters of the master control file are also acquired, which are related to the observation site and the hardware settings of the near-infrared spectrometer 9, including the waveband, the sampling interval, the integration mode, the linear function and the ground albedo.

[0066] The aerosol optical parameters and the measured spectrum can be acquired by the sun photometer 11 and the data acquisition module 001, and the sun photometer 11 and the data acquisition module 001 can track the sun to simultaneously acquire the aerosol optical parameters and the measured spectrum data, and the current radiation transfer model uses the simulated aerosol optical parameters, and in the embodiment, the real-time measured aerosol optical parameters are used instead of the simulated aerosol optical parameters, and the accuracy of the real-time measured aerosol optical parameters is higher than that of the simulated aerosol optical parameters.

[0067] In step S20, the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameters are input into the preset radiation transfer model for simulation to obtain the gas normalized column weight function and the normalized simulation spectrum.

[0068] In the embodiment, the obtained geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profile, aerosol optical parameters and related setting parameters are input into a preset radiation transfer model as a text file for simulation to obtain a gas normalized column weight function and a normalized simulation spectrum. All the obtained parameters are input into the radiation transfer model, and the radiation transfer model with the input parameters is run to obtain the accurate gas normalized column weight function and the normalized simulation spectrum. The gas normalized column weight function can be a plurality of normalized column weight functions corresponding to different gases respectively. The preset radiation transfer model mainly simulates photon paths.

[0069] In the embodiment, the process of obtaining the gas normalized column weight function and the normalized simulation spectrum includes: first, gas interference analysis is performed to find out the gas with fingerprint absorption in the inversion band, the target carbon-containing gas and each interference gas are determined according to the gas with fingerprint absorption, and the column weight function of the target carbon-containing gas and each interference gas is calculated. Specifically, the inversion band is determined, the target carbon-containing gas and the interference gas are determined according to the size characteristics of the absorption cross section in the inversion band, the column weight function of the target carbon-containing gas and each interference gas is calculated, the target carbon-containing gas is the carbon-containing gas to be inverted, for example, CO2, CO2 has absorption in the wave band of 1064 to 1068 nm, and there can be interference gases other than carbon dioxide in the wave band, for example, methane has a weak absorption peak in the wave band, at this time, methane needs to be removed, and the absorption cross section is large or small. If CO2 needs to be inverted, the position with the most obvious absorption of CO2 in the wave band is found for inversion, and the places with small absorption cross section are removed according to the absorption characteristics. The gas with fingerprint absorption refers to the absorption of each gas in each wave band being fixed and different. In the embodiment, the influence of the interference gas other than the target carbon-containing gas in the inversion band is excluded, the interference gas other than the target carbon-containing gas is removed, and the accuracy of the inversion result of the target carbon-containing gas is further improved.

[0070] In step S30, the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is inverted according to the gas normalized column weight function and the normalized simulation spectrum.

[0071] In the embodiment, the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is retrieved according to the gas normalized column weight function and the normalized simulated spectrum. Specifically, the measured spectrum, the reference spectrum, the instrument function and the spectrometer bias are obtained, the measured spectrum is input before retrieval, the parameters such as the reference spectrum, the instrument function and the spectrometer bias are input, the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulated spectrum are fitted by least squares, the target simulated spectrum is iteratively output until the optimal fitting of the measured spectrum is achieved, the optimal fitting is that the difference between the measured spectrum and the simulated spectrum is minimum, the vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas is calculated, and thus the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is retrieved. The reference spectrum is a simulated spectrum without any absorption, the solar normalized simulated spectrum can be the reference spectrum, the instrument function is calibrated at the factory, and there is a certain loss of sunlight entering the near-infrared spectrometer 9. The light intensity after the loss is obtained by convolution of the incoming light intensity and the instrument function. In the embodiment, the loss of sunlight is considered, and thus more accurate retrieval results are obtained.

[0072] In the embodiment, the atmospheric aerosol optical parameter is synchronously measured by the sun photometer 11, the radiation transfer model is set according to the aerosol optical parameter, the accuracy of the radiation transfer model in simulating the normalized column weight function of each gas and the solar normalized simulated spectrum is improved to a certain extent, and the retrieval accuracy of the vertical column concentration of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane and other carbon-containing gases is further improved.

[0073] Further, the refinement step of retrieving the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalized column weight function and the normalized simulated spectrum in the step S30 includes:

[0074] Step A, obtaining a measured spectrum;

[0075] Step B, fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulated spectrum according to the gas normalized column weight function, and iteratively outputting a target simulated spectrum;

[0076] Step C, calculating a vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas according to the target simulated spectrum, and retrieving the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the vertical profile calibration factor.

[0077] In the embodiment, the measured spectrum is obtained, specifically, the measured spectrum is the measured spectrum of the sunlight absorbed by the near-infrared gas in the atmosphere, and the process of transmitting the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer 9 can be: the sunlight is absorbed by the near-infrared gas when passing through the atmosphere, the direct sunlight is received, the direct sunlight is filtered to remove light other than near-infrared light, and then the sunlight is spectrally dispersed and A / D converted to obtain the measured spectrum data. Then, the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulation spectrum are fitted by using the gas normalization column weight function, and the target simulation spectrum is iterated out. The target simulation spectrum is the simulation spectrum with the smallest difference between the measured spectrum and the simulation spectrum in the fitting process. The vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas is calculated according to the target simulation spectrum, and the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is inversely calculated according to the vertical profile calibration factor. Further, the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas can be divided by the dry air column concentration to obtain the dry air molar fraction of the target carbon-containing gas, and the concentration of the target carbon-containing gas in the atmosphere is observed according to the dry air molar fraction. The least square fitting function is called to continuously fit the obtained measured spectrum and normalized simulation spectrum. In the near-infrared spectrum inversion algorithm, the least square fitting is used to fit the measured spectrum and the simulation spectrum, and the expression is: In the formula, is the measured spectrum at wavelength λ, is the simulation spectrum at wavelength λ, is the simulation quantity under the prior state, is the column weight function of each atmospheric parameter, i is different gas, target carbon-containing gas or interfering gas, P λ (a) is a low-order polynomial affected by broadband absorption, that is, the slow change of aerosol or cloud absorption in the embodiment, ξ λ is an error term. V true , V is the true target carbon-containing gas column concentration, the simulated target carbon-containing gas column concentration and the inverted target carbon-containing gas column concentration, respectively. The measured spectrum, the slow change effect, the error, the accurate normalized simulation spectrum and the gas normalization column weight function fitting the measured spectrum and the simulation spectrum can obtain more accurate inversion results.

[0078] Further, the step B above, the step of fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulation spectrum by using the gas normalization column weight function to iterate out the target simulation spectrum, includes the following steps before the step:

[0079] Step b1, low-pass filtering the measured spectrum to remove broadband absorption and noise in the measured spectrum.

[0080] In the present application, before the measured spectrum and the simulated spectrum are fitted by the least square method to iteratively obtain the target simulated spectrum, the measured spectrum is low-pass filtered to remove the slowly changing components of the spectrum, specifically, the absorption of macromolecules or stable molecules such as aerosols and clouds in the atmosphere to sunlight is slowly changing and slowly changes with the wavelength, while the absorption of carbon-containing gases changes rapidly, resulting in noise and / or broadband absorption, the broadband absorption and noise in the measured spectrum are removed, and the waveform of the gas absorption is retained. For reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 is a CO2 observation result graph, the vertical coordinate is the column concentration of XCO2, and the horizontal coordinate is time in hours, and the column concentration of carbon-containing gases such as CO2 can be inverted by the above carbon-containing gas detection method. As shown in Figure 6 , first, the aerosol optical parameter observed by the sun photometer 11, the observed geometric parameter, and the atmospheric standard profile provided by the HITRAN2016 and the atmospheric quality model are obtained, the above parameters are input into the radiation transfer model, the normalized gas weight cross section and the normalized simulated solar radiation spectrum are simulated by the radiation transfer model, and the measured spectrum, the reference spectrum, the instrument function and the spectrometer bias are obtained, and the vertical column concentration of the target gas is fitted by the least square method according to the measured spectrum, the reference spectrum, the instrument function and the spectrometer bias, and the normalized gas weight cross section and the normalized simulated solar radiation spectrum.

[0081] In the present embodiment, the observed geometric parameter, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameter are obtained, the geometric parameter, the atmospheric standard profile and the aerosol optical parameter are input into the preset radiation transfer model for simulation, the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum are obtained, and the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is inverted according to the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum. While detecting the vertical column concentration of the carbon-containing gas, the atmospheric aerosol optical parameter is measured, the accuracy of the inversion result of the carbon-containing gas is improved, compared with only relying on the spaceborne near-infrared hyperspectral analyzer, the carbon-containing gas is observed through the infrared band, the present application considers the influence of the aerosol optical parameter on the inversion result of the carbon-containing gas, and the accuracy of the inversion result is improved.

[0082] The present application also provides a carbon-containing gas detection device, characterized in that the carbon-containing gas detection device comprises a memory, a processor, and a carbon-containing gas detection program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the carbon-containing gas detection program implements the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method according to any one of the above embodiments when executed by the processor. The specific embodiments of the carbon-containing gas detection device of the present application are basically the same as those of the above-mentioned carbon-containing gas detection method, and will not be repeated here.

[0083] The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a carbon-containing gas detection program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method according to any one of the above embodiments. The specific embodiments of the computer readable storage medium of the present application are basically the same as the above-described embodiments of the carbon-containing gas detection method, and are not described here again.

[0084] It is to be understood that the description in this specification of terms such as "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "other embodiments", or "a first embodiment to an Nth embodiment" etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The illustrative description of the above terms in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described particular features, structures, materials or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0085] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or system including a list of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent in such a process, method, article or system. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or system including the element.

[0086] The above-mentioned embodiment numbers of the present application are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0087] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be realized by means of software and necessary general hardware platforms, of course, they can also be realized by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes a plurality of instructions for making a terminal device (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0088] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A carbon-containing gas detection system, characterized in that: The carbon-containing gas detection system includes a data acquisition module, an aerosol module and a data processing module; The data acquisition module includes a telescope and a near-infrared spectrometer, wherein the telescope is connected to the near-infrared spectrometer; the telescope is used to collect sunlight and transmit the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer, and the near-infrared spectrometer is used to split the sunlight and collect it on a detector, and obtain a measured spectrum corresponding to the sunlight; The aerosol module is used to synchronously measure aerosol optical parameters in multiple bands, wherein the aerosol optical parameters include aerosol optical thickness, aerosol asymmetry factor and single scattering rate; The data processing module is connected to the data acquisition module and the aerosol module respectively, and is used to input the aerosol optical parameters and the measured spectrum into a preset radiation transfer model, simulate the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum through the radiation transfer model, and invert the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas based on the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum.

2. The carbon-containing gas detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module also includes a solar tracker, a long-pass filter, and an optical fiber. The solar tracker is used to automatically track the sun. The telescope is fixed to the support frame of the solar tracker. A long-pass filter is installed at the front end of the telescope. The long-pass filter is sealed to the body of the telescope via an O-ring. A convex lens is installed at the rear end of the long-pass filter. The long-pass filter is used to filter sunlight. The convex lens is used to focus the filtered sunlight on the end of the optical fiber. The optical fiber is used to transmit the sunlight to the near-infrared spectrometer.

3. The carbon-containing gas detection system according to claim 2, wherein: The data acquisition module further includes a transmission line, which is used to input the measured spectrum into the data storage control module.

4. The carbon-containing gas detection system according to claim 2, wherein: The carbon-containing gas detection system further includes an auxiliary measurement module; The auxiliary measurement module includes a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, a raindrop sensor and a camera; the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and the raindrop sensor are fixed on the support frame of the solar tracker, and the camera is placed parallel to the telescope; The temperature, humidity and pressure sensor is used to record temperature, humidity and pressure, the raindrop sensor is used to detect whether it is raining, and the camera is used to record weather conditions during the observation period.

5. The carbon-containing gas detection system according to claim 1, wherein: The carbon-containing gas detection system further includes a data storage control module; The data storage control module includes a controller; the controller is used to store the measured spectrum and the aerosol optical parameters; The controller is also used to control the data acquisition module and the aerosol module to work automatically.

6. A method for detecting carbon-containing gas, characterized in that: The carbon-containing gas detection method comprises: Obtaining observed geometric parameters, atmospheric standard profiles, and aerosol optical parameters, wherein the atmospheric standard profiles include a priori gas vertical profiles simulated in real time by an air mass model, and the aerosol optical parameters are measured in real time by a sun photometer, including aerosol optical depth, aerosol asymmetry factor, and single scattering rate; Inputting the geometric parameters, the atmospheric standard profile, and the aerosol optical parameters into a preset radiation transfer model for simulation to obtain a gas normalized column weight function and a solar normalized simulated spectrum; The vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is inverted according to the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum.

7. The carbon-containing gas detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of inverting the vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas according to the gas normalized column weight function and the solar normalized simulated spectrum comprises: Obtain measured spectra; Fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulated spectrum according to a gas normalized column weight function to iteratively obtain a target simulated spectrum; A vertical profile calibration factor of the target carbon-containing gas is calculated according to the target simulated spectrum, and a vertical column concentration of the target carbon-containing gas is inverted according to the vertical profile calibration factor.

8. The carbon-containing gas detection method according to claim 7, wherein: Before the step of fitting the measured spectrum and the solar normalized simulated spectrum by using a gas normalized column weight function to iteratively obtain a target simulated spectrum, the step includes: The measured spectrum is low-pass filtered to remove broadband absorption and noise in the measured spectrum.

9. A carbon-containing gas detection device, characterized in that: The carbon-containing gas detection device includes a memory, a processor, and a carbon-containing gas detection program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the carbon-containing gas detection program is configured to implement the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a carbon-containing gas detection program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the carbon-containing gas detection method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

Images