Antenna structures and electronics

Abstract

The present application discloses an antenna structure and an electronic device, wherein the antenna structure comprises: at least one radiator, at least one of the two opposite edges of the radiator is provided with a slot and the currents distributed on the two opposite edges of the radiator are of different phases; a reference floor, the radiator and the reference floor are stacked and spaced apart; a feeding structure, the feeding structure is used to feed the radiator. In the antenna structure of the embodiment of the present application, the current distribution phases on the two opposite edges of the radiator can be different through the slots, with a certain phase difference, which can deflect the antenna pattern and change the maximum radiation direction of the antenna. In a complex device environment, the antenna pattern deflection problem can be corrected, so that the antenna has a highly directional pattern performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of terminal technology, and specifically relates to an antenna structure and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of 5G communication technology, users have more and more functional requirements for electronic devices, and have put forward higher requirements for the convenience and intelligence level of electronic devices. One of the important requirements is to introduce indoor positioning, object finding and other functions into electronic devices. To realize this function, it is necessary to apply positioning technology in mobile phones. Ultra Wide Band (UWB) positioning technology has attracted attention among many positioning technologies due to its high positioning accuracy and positioning precision. UWB technology based on Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) has entered the industry's field of vision due to its low-cost advantage, but it is difficult to obtain good directional pattern performance and the radiation has poor directivity. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna structure and an electronic device to solve the problem that it is difficult for the antenna to obtain a highly directional pattern performance.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure, including:

[0005] At least one radiator, wherein one edge of two opposite edges of at least one of the radiators is provided with a slot, and the phases of currents distributed along the two opposite edges of the radiator are different;

[0006] A reference floor, the radiator and the reference floor are stacked and spaced apart;

[0007] A feeding structure is used to feed the radiator.

[0008] Wherein, at least one of the radiators is rectangular, and the slot is provided on one side edge of at least one of the rectangular radiators.

[0009] Wherein, the slot extends from the edge of the radiator toward the inside of the radiator.

[0010] Wherein, at least one of the radiators is trapezoidal, and the slot is disposed on the upper bottom edge or the lower bottom edge of at least one of the radiators.

[0011] The antenna structure includes:

[0012] A branch is coupled to at least one of the radiators, and the branch is disposed on the periphery of a corner region of at least one of the radiators.

[0013] Wherein, at least one of the radiators is rectangular, a feeding point of at least one of the radiators is located in a corner region of the radiator, the feeding structure is electrically connected to the feeding point, and the branches are arranged around the periphery of the corner region where the feeding point is located; and / or

[0014] The branches are arranged around the periphery of a corner region opposite to the corner region where the feeding point is located.

[0015] Wherein, at least one of the radiators is a right-angled trapezoid, the feeding structure is electrically connected to the feeding point of the radiator, and the feeding point of at least one of the radiators is located in a right-angled corner region close to the upper bottom of the radiator or in an acute-angled corner region close to the lower bottom of the radiator;

[0016] The branch is provided at an outer periphery of at least one of the right-angle corner region and the acute-angle corner region.

[0017] Wherein, the slot is provided on the upper bottom edge or the lower bottom edge of at least one of the radiators.

[0018] There are three radiators, two of which are arranged at intervals in the first area along the length direction of the first area, and two of which are arranged at intervals in the second area along the length direction of the second area. The first area overlaps with the second area vertically, and the radiators in the overlapping area of ​​the first area and the second area are the same radiator.

[0019] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising the antenna structure described in the above embodiment.

[0020] The electronic equipment also includes:

[0021] Frame;

[0022] A bracket, wherein the bracket is arranged on the frame, the reference floor is arranged on one side of the bracket, and the radiator is arranged on the other side of the bracket;

[0023] The main board is arranged on a side of the reference floor away from the main board, and the feeding structure is arranged on the main board.

[0024] The electronic equipment also includes:

[0025] A shielding cover is arranged on a side of the mainboard close to the reference floor.

[0026] In the antenna structure of the embodiment of the present application, a slot is provided on one edge of at least one of the two opposite edges of the radiator and the phases of the currents distributed on the two opposite edges of the radiator are different. The slot can make the phases of the currents distributed on the two opposite edges of the radiator different, with a certain phase difference, which can cause the antenna's directional pattern to deflect and change the maximum radiation direction of the antenna. In a complex equipment environment, the antenna's directional pattern deflection problem can be corrected, so that the antenna has a highly directional pattern performance, thereby improving the directivity of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2a A schematic diagram of the distribution of radiators in electronic equipment;

[0029] Figure 2b A schematic diagram of the distribution of reference floor in electronic equipment;

[0030] Figure 2c A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2d A schematic diagram of the structure of the through hole on the reference floor;

[0032] Figure 2e A schematic diagram of the distribution of through holes on the reference floor;

[0033] Figure 3a A schematic diagram of an antenna without slots on the radiator;

[0034] Figure 3b for Figure 3a A side view of the antenna structure;

[0035] Figure 3c for Figure 3a A schematic diagram of the performance of a directional pattern of the antenna in FIG.

[0036] Figure 4a A schematic diagram of an antenna with slots on the radiator;

[0037] Figure 4b for Figure 4a A side view of the antenna structure;

[0038] Figure 4c for Figure 4a A schematic diagram of the performance of a directional pattern of the antenna in FIG.

[0039] Figure 5a A schematic diagram of an antenna without slots on the radiator;

[0040] Figure 5b for Figure 5a A schematic diagram of the performance of a directional pattern of the antenna in FIG.

[0041] Figure 5c A schematic diagram of an antenna with slots on the radiator;

[0042] Figure 5d for Figure 5c A schematic diagram of the performance of a directional pattern of the antenna in FIG.

[0043] Figure 6a A schematic diagram of an antenna when the feeding point is symmetrically located at the radiator;

[0044] Figure 6b for Figure 6a A schematic diagram of the current distribution on the radiator;

[0045] Figure 6c A schematic diagram of an antenna when the feeding point is at the corner of the radiator;

[0046] Figure 6d for Figure 6c A schematic diagram of the current distribution on the radiator;

[0047] Figure 6e A schematic diagram of an antenna when the feeding point is at the corner of the radiator;

[0048] Figure 6f for Figure 6e A schematic diagram of the current distribution on the radiator;

[0049] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram for comparing the antenna's directional pattern performance;

[0050] Figure 8a A schematic diagram of a setting of an antenna structure in an electronic device;

[0051] Figure 8b is a top view of the antenna structure;

[0052] Figure 8c for Figure 8b A side view of the antenna structure;

[0053] Figure 8d for Figure 8b Another side view of the antenna structure;

[0054] Figure 9a is a top view of the antenna structure;

[0055] Figure 9b is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0056] Fig.9c is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0057] Figure 9d is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0058] Fig.9e is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0059] Figure 9f is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0060] Fig.10a A top view of the antenna structure when no slots are provided on the radiator;

[0061] Fig.10b A top view of the antenna structure when slots are provided on the radiator;

[0062] Fig.10c is an operating frequency curve diagram of the antenna structure;

[0063] Fig.11a A top view of the antenna structure when no slots are provided on the radiator;

[0064] Fig.11b A top view of the antenna structure when slots are provided on the radiator;

[0065] Fig.11c is a schematic diagram of the directional performance of the antenna structure;

[0066] Fig.12a is a top view of the antenna structure;

[0067] Figure 12b for Fig.12a A side view of the antenna structure;

[0068] Fig.12c for Fig.12a Another side view of the antenna structure;

[0069] Fig.12d is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0070] Fig.12e is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0071] Fig.13a is a top view of the antenna structure;

[0072] Fig.13b is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0073] Fig.13c is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0074] Fig.13d is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0075] Fig.14a A top view of the antenna structure when slots are provided on the radiator;

[0076] Fig.14b A top view of the antenna structure when no slots are provided on the radiator;

[0077] Fig.14c Schematic diagram of the comparison of polarization purity of antennas;

[0078] Fig.15 A schematic diagram showing the comparison of antenna patterns;

[0079] Fig.16a is a top view of the antenna structure;

[0080] Fig.16b is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0081] Fig.16c is another top view of the antenna structure;

[0082] Fig.16d Another top view of the antenna structure.

[0083] Reference numerals

[0084] Radiator 10; slot 11; feeding point 12;

[0085] Feeding structure 13; Conductive spring 14;

[0086] Reference floor 20; through hole 21;

[0087] Branches 30;

[0088] Frame 40; bracket 41; main board 42;

[0089] Shielding cover 43; display screen 44; cover body 45. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0090] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0091] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally represents that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship.

[0092] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 16d As shown, the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0093] like Figure 1 to Figure 2e , Figures 8a to 9f , Fig.10b , Fig.11b , Figures 12a to 14a As shown, the antenna structure of the embodiment of the present application includes: at least one radiator 10, a reference floor 20 and a feeding structure 13, wherein the radiator 10 and the reference floor 20 may be conductive materials, for example, the radiator 10 and the reference floor 20 may be metal materials. A slot 11 may be provided on one edge of the two opposite edges of at least one radiator 10, and the phases of the currents distributed on the two opposite edges of the radiator 10 are different. The slot 11 may make the phases of the currents distributed on the two opposite edges of the radiator 10 different, with a certain phase difference, so that the antenna pattern may be deflected. The number of radiators 10 may be one or more, for example, the number of radiators 10 may be three, and a slot 11 may be provided on one edge of the two opposite edges of one or more radiators 10, and the number of slots 11 may be one or more. The slot 11 may be in the shape of a strip, a curve, a polygon, etc., and the specific shape of the slot 11 may be selected according to actual conditions.

[0094] The radiator 10 and the reference floor 20 are stacked and spaced apart. The radiator 10 and the reference floor 20 can be stacked and spaced apart in the thickness direction of the reference floor 20. The radiator 10 and the reference floor 20 can be parallel. An insulating medium can be provided between the radiator 10 and the reference floor 20 to support the radiator 10. The radiator 10 can be in the shape of a plate. When there are multiple radiators 10, the multiple radiators 10 can be in the same plane and can be spaced apart. The feeding structure 13 can be used to feed the radiator 10. Figure 2c to Figure 2eAs shown, a through hole 21 can be provided on the reference floor 20, and a portion of the feeding structure 13 can pass through the through hole 21 to be electrically connected to the radiator 10, and then the radiator 10 can be fed through the feeding structure 13. The feeding structure 13 can include a conductive spring 14, and the conductive spring 14 can pass through the through hole 21 to be electrically connected to the radiator 10.

[0095] In the antenna structure of the embodiment of the present application, a slot 11 is provided on one edge of the two opposite edges of at least one radiator 10. The slot 11 can make the phases of the currents distributed on the two opposite edges of the radiator 10 different, with a certain phase difference, so that the antenna's directional pattern can be deflected, and the maximum radiation direction of the antenna can be changed. In a complex equipment environment, the antenna's directional pattern deflection problem can be corrected, so that the antenna has a highly directional directional pattern performance, and the antenna's directivity is improved. The slot 11 can make the antenna better cooperate with other structures, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna. The antenna structure has low requirements on the external environment of the antenna. By adjusting the antenna's own structure, the influence of the external environment on the antenna performance can be improved. It has a wide range of applications, strong applicability, and low dependence on the environment.

[0096] In some embodiments, Figure 8a to Figure 8b , Figures 9a to 9f As shown, at least one radiator 10 may be rectangular, and a slot 11 may be provided on one side edge of at least one rectangular radiator 10. For example, at least one radiator 10 may be rectangular, and a slot 11 may be provided on one side edge of at least one rectangular radiator 10, and the slot 11 may be located at the long side edge of the radiator 10, and the slot 11 may be in the shape of a long strip, and the slot 11 may be perpendicular to the long side edge of the radiator 10. At least one rectangular radiator 10 may be provided with a slot 11 on one side edge, and the slot 11 may be located at the long side edge of the radiator 10, and the slot 11 may be in the shape of a long strip, and the slot 11 may be perpendicular to the long side edge of the radiator 10. A slot 11 may be provided on one long side edge of the rectangular radiator 10, and a slot 11 may also be provided on one short side edge of the rectangular radiator 10, which may be applicable to antennas with multiple frequency bands. The radiator 10 may be rectangular, and the number of radiators 10 may be three, and the three may be distributed at intervals, and the interval distance may be selected according to actual conditions. Slots 11 may be provided on the edge of one side of one, two or three radiators 10, and the specific position and shape of the slots 11 on the edge of one side of the radiator 10 may be selected according to actual conditions. The slots 11 may make the phases of the currents distributed on the edges of the two opposite sides of the radiator 10 different, with a certain phase difference, so that the antenna pattern may be deflected, so that the antenna has a highly directional pattern performance, and the directivity of the antenna is improved.

[0097] Optionally, the slot 11 may extend from the edge of the radiator 10 to the inside of the radiator 10 , and the slot 11 may be rectangular, which may change the current distribution on the opposite sides of the radiator 10 , so that the antenna has a highly directional pattern performance.

[0098] Figure 8a The figure shows the position of the antenna structure in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone). For the sake of convenience, the bracket and other structures are not shown here. Since the influence of factors such as the device environment and antenna mutual coupling on the three antenna units of the positioning antenna may be similar or different, a slot 11 can be opened on the radiator 10 in one or more antenna units. One radiator 10 and the reference floor can constitute an antenna unit. Figure 8b As shown, a slot 11 is provided on the radiator 10 in the three antenna units. The structure of the reference floor is not limited to the shape in the present embodiment, and the shape of the reference floor can be changed according to the different spaces reserved on the bracket. A rectangular slot 11 can be provided in the middle of the radiation side of the radiator 10 in the three antenna units. According to the influence of the equipment environment on the antenna, the slot 11 can be not limited to the middle position, and can also be offset in the +x direction or -x direction, such as Figure 9a and Figure 9b As shown, the positions of the slots 11 on the radiators 10 in the three antenna units may not be limited to being consistent, such as Fig.9c and Figure 9d As shown, the slot 11 may also be provided on the radiator 10 in only one or two antenna units, as shown in FIG. Fig.9e and Figure 9f shown.

[0099] The slot 11 is provided on the radiator 10, which can help reduce the size of the antenna and achieve miniaturization; it can also correct the deflection of the antenna pattern and improve the directivity of the antenna. Fig.10a As shown in FIG. 1 , there are no slots 11 on the three rectangular radiators 10 in the antenna. Fig.10b As shown in FIG. 1 , three rectangular radiators 10 in the antenna are all provided with slots 11, such as Fig.10c The figure shows the operating frequency curve of the antenna unit in the antenna, m1 is Fig.10a The operating frequency curve of the antenna unit in the antenna shown in is, m2 is Fig.10b The working frequency curve of the antenna unit in the antenna is shown in FIG. Due to the presence of the slot 11, Fig.10b The volume of the radiator in is less than Fig.10a The volume of the radiator, although Fig.10b The volume of the radiator in is less than Fig.10a The volume of the radiator, but Fig.10b The antenna in the Fig.10aThat is, the presence of the slot 11 makes the size of the antenna structure smaller than when there is no slot 11, and it can also work at the same frequency.

[0100] like Fig.11a As shown in FIG. 1 , there are no slots 11 on the three rectangular radiators 10 in the antenna. Fig.11b As shown in FIG. 1 , three rectangular radiators 10 in the antenna are all provided with slots 11, such as Fig.11c The figure shows the antenna's directional performance diagram, where g1 represents Fig.11a The directional pattern of the antenna unit of the radiator 10 in the antenna shown, g2 represents Fig.11b The directional pattern of the antenna unit of the radiator 10 in the antenna shown. Fig.11c As shown, the slot 11 can improve the directivity of the antenna unit. When the slot 11 is not provided, the radiation direction of the antenna unit of the radiator 10 is deflected. After the slot 11 is provided on the radiator 10 of the antenna unit, the radiation direction is corrected back to the Z-axis direction, and the directivity is enhanced.

[0101] In an embodiment of the present application, at least one radiator 10 may be trapezoidal, and the upper bottom edge or the lower bottom edge of at least one radiator 10 may be provided with a slot 11. By providing the slot 11 on the upper bottom edge or the lower bottom edge of the radiator 10, the current distribution on the upper bottom edge or the lower bottom edge of the radiator 10 can be better changed, so that the antenna has a highly directional pattern performance. According to actual conditions, the slot 11 may be provided on the oblique edge of the trapezoidal radiator 10. When the antenna structure is in the antenna working and resonant mode, the oblique side of the right-angled trapezoidal radiator 10 in the antenna changes the direction of the current and introduces a reverse cross-polarization current distribution, which counteracts the cross-polarization current, thereby reducing the cross-polarization of the antenna and improving the polarization purity.

[0102] like Figures 12a to 13d As shown, one or more radiators 10 in the antenna structure are designed to be trapezoidal and a slot 11 is set on one side edge of the radiator 10. The position of the slot 11 can be selected according to actual conditions. A radiator 10 and a reference floor can form an antenna unit. The arrangement combination of the radiator 10 in the antenna unit is not limited to Figures 12a to 13d As shown, other combinations can be selected according to different equipment environments. The slot 11 can correct the deflection of the antenna pattern, which is conducive to miniaturization of the antenna. The radiator 10 is designed to be trapezoidal to achieve high polarization purity of the antenna unit. Fig.14a A slot is provided on the middle radiator. Fig.14b There is no slot on the middle radiator. Fig.14c The polarization purity comparison diagram of the antenna is shown in Figure 1. The curve n1 is Fig.14a The curve of the antenna unit formed by the radiator with slots in the middle is n2. Fig.14bThe curve of the antenna unit formed by the radiator without slots, from Fig.14c As shown, the polarization purity is significantly improved within ±60°. Fig.15 The schematic diagram of the antenna pattern comparison is shown in Figure 2. The curve h2 is Fig.14a The curve h1 is the curve of the antenna unit formed by the radiator with slots in the middle. Fig.14b The curve of the antenna unit formed by the radiator without slots is compared with Fig.14b The antenna unit in Fig.14a The directional pattern deflection of the antenna unit in the embodiment is significantly improved.

[0103] In some embodiments, Figures 16a to 16d As shown, the antenna structure may include: a branch 30, which may be a conductive material, such as a metal part. The branch 30 may be coupled with at least one radiator 10, and the branch 30 and at least one radiator 10 may be arranged at intervals, and the periphery of the corner area of ​​at least one radiator 10 may be provided with a branch 30. The branch 30 may be arranged around the corner area of ​​the radiator 10, and the branch 30 may be L-shaped or U-shaped, and the specific shape may be selected according to actual conditions. At least one radiator 10 may be coupled with the branch 30 at intervals, and each radiator 10 may be coupled with a corresponding branch 30 at intervals. Through the coupling of the branch 30 with at least one radiator 10, current may be distributed on the branch 30, and the current distributed on the branch 30 may offset the cross-polarization current generated on the radiator 10, so as to achieve high polarization purity of the antenna.

[0104] In some embodiments, Fig.16a and Fig.16bAs shown, at least one radiator 10 may be rectangular, and the feeding point of at least one radiator 10 may be located in a corner region of the radiator. For example, the feeding point of the rectangular radiator 10 may be located in a corner region of the rectangular radiator, the feeding structure 13 and the feeding point 12 may be electrically connected, and the branch 30 may be arranged around the periphery of the corner region where the feeding point 12 is located. The branch 30 may be arranged around the periphery of the corner region opposite to the corner region where the feeding point 12 is located. For example, at least one radiator 10 may be rectangular, and the feeding point of the rectangular radiator 10 may be located in a corner region of the rectangular radiator, and the branch 30 may be arranged around the periphery of the corner region of the rectangular radiator 10 where the feeding point 12 is located, or the branch 30 may be arranged around the periphery of the corner region opposite to the corner region where the feeding point 12 is located. One radiator 10 may be provided with two branches 30, one branch 30 may be provided around the periphery of the corner region of the rectangular radiator 10 where the feed point 12 is located, and at the same time, another branch 30 may be provided around the periphery of the corner region opposite to the corner region where the feed point 12 is located. The cross-polarization current generated on the radiator 10 may be offset by the current distributed on the branches 30, so that the high polarization purity of the antenna may be achieved. The radiator 10 may be rectangular or trapezoidal, the positional relationship between different radiators 10 may be selected according to actual conditions, and the combination relationship between radiators 10 of different shapes may be selected according to actual conditions.

[0105] In the embodiments of the present application, Fig.16c and Fig.16d As shown, at least one radiator 10 may be a right-angled trapezoid, the feeding structure 13 and the feeding point 12 of the radiator 10 may be electrically connected, and the feeding point 12 of at least one radiator 10 is located in a right-angled corner region close to the upper bottom of the radiator 10 or in an acute-angled corner region close to the lower bottom of the radiator 10. A branch 30 may be provided at the periphery of at least one of the right-angled corner region and the acute-angled corner region. For example, at least one radiator 10 is a right-angled trapezoid, and the feeding point 12 of at least one right-angled trapezoidal radiator 10 is located in a right-angled corner region close to the upper bottom of the radiator 10 or in an acute-angled corner region close to the lower bottom of the radiator 10, and a branch 30 may be provided at the periphery of at least one of the right-angled corner region and the acute-angled corner region. The cross-polarization current generated on the radiator 10 can be offset by the current distributed on the branch 30, so that the high polarization purity of the antenna can be achieved. When the antenna structure is in the antenna working and resonant mode, the hypotenuse of the right-angled trapezoidal radiator 10 changes the direction of the current and introduces a reverse cross-polarization current distribution, which counteracts the cross-polarization current, thereby reducing the cross-polarization of the antenna and improving the polarization purity.

[0106] Optionally, at least one radiator 10 has an upper bottom edge or a lower bottom edge provided with a slot 11. For example, if there are three radiators 10, the upper bottom edges or the lower bottom edges of the three radiators 10 may all be provided with a slot 11. The slot 11 may make the current distribution phases of the edges on opposite sides of the radiator 10 different and have a certain phase difference, so that the antenna's radiation pattern may be deflected, thereby making the antenna have a highly directional radiation pattern performance.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, there may be three radiators 10, two radiators 10 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first region in the first region, two radiators 10 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the second region in the second region, the first region and the second region overlap vertically, and the radiators 10 in the overlapping region of the first region and the second region are the same radiator 10, that is, there is only one radiator 10 in the overlapping region of the first region and the second region, and the radiator 10 in the overlapping region of the first region and the second region is the same radiator 10, so that the radiators 10 can be distributed in an L shape. There may be three radiators 10, two radiators 10 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the first region in the first region, two radiators 10 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the second region in the second region, and the radiators 10 in the overlapping region of the first region and the second region are the same radiator 10. In the case where the antenna structure is provided with the above three radiators 10, the antenna structure can be used as a UWB antenna, and accurate positioning can be performed through the three radiators 10, thereby improving the positioning accuracy.

[0108] Figure 3a In the antenna structure shown, no slots are set on the radiator. The radiation of the antenna mainly relies on the gap radiation between a pair of edges of the radiator 10 and the reference floor 20. For the convenience of description, the two gaps of the antenna radiation are respectively called gap A and gap B. When the antenna structure is a symmetrical structure, the current distribution on the two edges of the radiator is equal in amplitude and phase, so the maximum radiation direction of its radiation pattern is normal, which can be specifically as follows Figure 3c As shown, in Figure 3c In the figure, b1 and b2 represent the deflection at different angles. At this time, by designing an asymmetric structure, the phases of the currents distributed on the two edges of the radiator 10 are different, with a certain phase difference, which can cause the directional pattern to deflect and change the maximum radiation direction of the antenna. A slot 11 can be set on one of the edges of the radiator 10, such as Figure 4a As shown in the figure, the electric field magnitudes of slot A and slot B are different. The current path of slot B is relatively long and the phase is advanced, while the current path of slot A is relatively short and the phase is delayed. Therefore, the directivity pattern deflects to a negative angle in the phi=0° plane, which can be simply summarized as deflection along the smaller edge. Specifically, Figure 4c As shown, in Figure 4cIn FIG. 1 , c1 and c2 represent deflection conditions at different angles. Therefore, in a complex device environment, when faced with the deflection problem of the antenna pattern caused by the asymmetry of the environment, the deflection problem of the pattern can be corrected by setting a slot 11 on one edge of the radiator 10 .

[0109] Figure 5a and Figure 5c Shown is an antenna structure with an asymmetric reference floor. Figure 5a In the antenna structure shown, no slots are provided on the radiator. Figure 5c In the antenna structure shown, slots are provided on the radiator. Figure 5b Where d1 and d2 represent Figure 5a The deflection of the antenna pattern in the structure, Figure 5d Where e1 and e2 represent Figure 5c The deflection of the antenna pattern in the structure. Figure 5a As shown in FIG. 1 , since gap A is the same as gap B at this time, and the reference floor is asymmetric with respect to the antenna structure, the antenna pattern deflects toward the positive angle direction in the phi=0° plane. Specifically, it can be shown as follows Figure 5b According to the above mechanism, if Figure 5c As shown, a slot 11 is provided on one edge of the radiator 10 of the antenna, and the path of the slot B is increased, so that the antenna's radiation pattern in the phi=0° plane deflects to a negative angle. Finally, under the neutralization effect, the maximum radiation direction of the antenna radiation pattern is restored to the normal phase, which can be specifically as follows: Figure 5d .

[0110] Figures 6a to 6d The following are schematic diagrams of the feeding point on the radiator in the three antenna structures and the current distribution when working in the resonant mode. When the feeding position of the antenna structure is in a symmetrical position, the cross polarization is relatively low and the polarization purity is relatively high. At this time, the antenna current distribution in the working and resonant modes has good consistency. Figure 6a As shown, the feeding points are set at the symmetrical positions of the radiator 10, such as Figure 6b As shown in the figure, the current is distributed in the +y direction (a1 direction), and there is no current in the x direction. At this time, the antenna has very good polarization purity. However, in the terminal equipment environment, it is often difficult to set the antenna feeding position in such an ideal position. For example, Figure 6c As shown, a feeding point is set at the corner position of the radiator 10, and the feeding position is offset along the +x direction, as shown in FIG. Figure 6d As shown in the figure, the offset of the feeding position causes the current distribution to produce a current component along the +x direction (a2 direction) when the antenna works in the resonant mode. The a2 direction represents the cross-polarization current, which increases the cross-polarization and reduces the polarization purity. Figure 6eAs shown, a feeding point is set at the corner position of the trapezoidal radiator 10. By constructing the trapezoidal radiator, polarization can be reduced. When the trapezoidal radiator 10 is in antenna operation and resonance mode, the oblique side of the radiator 10 changes the direction of the current, and introduces a reverse cross-polarization current (current in the direction of a3) distribution. This current and the cross-polarization current have a counteracting effect, thereby reducing the cross-polarization of the antenna and improving the polarization purity. Specifically, Figure 6f shown. Figure 6c and Figure 6e The directional pattern of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 when operating in the resonant mode can be expressed as Figure 7 As shown, f1 represents Figure 6c The directional pattern of the antenna in the middle, f2 represents Figure 6e In the radiation pattern of the antenna in the figure, it can be clearly seen that the cross-polarization of the antenna is reduced.

[0111] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including the antenna structure described in the above embodiment. The electronic device having the antenna structure described in the above embodiment has a highly directional directional pattern performance and high positioning accuracy.

[0112] In some embodiments, Figure 1 to Figure 2e , Figures 8a to 8d As shown, the electronic device may further include: a frame 40, a bracket 41 and a mainboard 42, the bracket 41 may be arranged on the frame 40, the frame 40 may be a metal part, the reference floor 20 may be arranged on one side of the bracket 41, the radiator 10 may be arranged on the other side of the bracket 41, the bracket 41 may fix the reference floor 20 and the radiator 10, the mainboard 42 may be arranged on a side of the reference floor 20 away from the mainboard 42, and the feeding structure 13 may be arranged on the mainboard 42. A through hole 21 may be arranged on the reference floor 20, and a part of the feeding structure 13 may pass through the through hole 21 to be electrically connected to the radiator 10, so that the feeding structure 13 may feed the radiator 10. The feeding structure 13 may include a conductive spring 14, the conductive spring 14 may pass through the through hole 21 to be electrically connected to the radiator 10, and the conductive spring 14 and the reference floor 20 may be insulated.

[0113] In other embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2c As shown, the electronic device may further include: a shielding cover 43, which may be disposed on a side of the mainboard 42 close to the reference floor 20, and the components on the mainboard 42 may be protected by the shielding cover 43 to prevent interference from external signals. The shielding cover 43 may be spaced from the reference floor 20, and a suitable spacing may be selected according to the specific structure of the device.

[0114] In the embodiments of the present application, Figure 1As shown, the electronic device may further include: a display screen 44 and a cover body 45, the cover body 45 may be a battery cover, the display screen 44 and the cover body 45 may be arranged on the frame body 40, the display screen 44 may be arranged on one side of the frame body 40, the cover body 45 may be arranged on the other side of the frame body 40, and the bracket 41 and the main board 42 may be located between the display screen 44 and the cover body 45.

[0115] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: include: At least one radiator, one edge of two opposite edges of at least one radiator is provided with a slot, and the phases of currents distributed along the two opposite edges of the radiator are different, and have a phase difference; A reference floor, the radiator and the reference floor are stacked and spaced apart, and an insulating medium layer is provided between the reference floor and the radiator; A feeding structure, wherein the feeding structure is used to feed the radiator; A feeding point is provided on the radiator, and the feeding structure is electrically connected to the feeding point.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the radiators is rectangular, and the slot is provided on one side edge of at least one of the rectangular radiators.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot extends from the edge of the radiator toward the inside of the radiator.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the radiators is trapezoidal, and the slot is disposed on an upper bottom edge or a lower bottom edge of at least one of the radiators.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: A branch is coupled to at least one of the radiators, and the branch is disposed on the periphery of a corner region of at least one of the radiators.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one of the radiators is rectangular, a feeding point of at least one of the radiators is located in a corner region of the radiator, the feeding structure is electrically connected to the feeding point, and the branches are arranged around the periphery of the corner region where the feeding point is located; and / or The branches are arranged around the periphery of a corner region opposite to the corner region where the feeding point is located.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one of the radiators is a right-angled trapezoid, the feeding structure is electrically connected to a feeding point of the radiator, and the feeding point of at least one of the radiators is located in a right-angled corner region close to the upper bottom of the radiator or in an acute-angled corner region close to the lower bottom of the radiator; The branch is provided at an outer periphery of at least one of the right-angle corner region and the acute-angle corner region.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slot is disposed on an upper bottom edge or a lower bottom edge of at least one of the radiators.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three radiators, two of which are arranged at intervals in the first area along the length direction of the first area, and two of which are arranged at intervals in the second area along the length direction of the second area. The first area overlaps with the second area vertically, and the radiators in the overlapping area of ​​the first area and the second area are the same radiator.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that: Also includes: Frame; A bracket, wherein the bracket is arranged on the frame, the reference floor is arranged on one side of the bracket, and the radiator is arranged on the other side of the bracket; The main board is arranged on a side of the reference floor away from the main board, and the feeding structure is arranged on the main board.

12. The electronic device according to claim 11, characterized in that: Also includes: A shielding cover is arranged on a side of the mainboard close to the reference floor.

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