Working valve plate and multi-way valve

Abstract

This application relates to a working valve plate and a multi-way valve. The working valve plate includes a valve body, a valve rod, a locking structure, and a push rod structure. The locking structure is used to control the opening and closing of the first oil distribution channel. The valve body is provided with a push rod activity cavity, and the push rod structure is movably arranged in the push rod activity cavity. The locking structure includes a first check valve and a second check valve. When the first oil distribution channel is connected to the main oil inlet channel, the opening and closing of the first oil distribution channel are controlled by the first check valve. When the first oil distribution channel is connected to the main oil return channel, the opening and closing of the second oil distribution channel are controlled by the second check valve. For the working valve plate and the multi-way valve provided in this application, when there is no pressurized oil in the second oil distribution channel, the push rod structure cannot push the locking structure to open the first oil distribution channel, and the pressurized oil will not flow back to the main oil return channel through the first oil distribution channel. Furthermore, the hydraulic pressure received by the fork rack is kept stable, and the forward tilt of the fork rack is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of construction machinery hydraulic components, and particularly to a working valve plate and a multi-way valve. Background Art

[0002] As an industrial handling vehicle, a forklift is indispensable for the development of modern industry. Industrial handling vehicles are widely used in ports, stations, airports, freight yards, factory workshops, warehouses, distribution centers and other places. Moreover, forklifts can enter the cabins, carriages and containers for pallet cargo loading, unloading and handling operations, and are essential equipment in pallet transportation and container transportation.

[0003] Generally, a multi-way valve is used as a power component to control the forward or backward tilt of the fork carriage in front of the forklift. Moreover, the multi-way valve usually includes an oil inlet valve plate, an oil return valve plate and multiple working valve plates. Generally, the working valve plate includes a valve body and a valve rod. The valve body is provided with a valve cavity, a main oil inlet passage, a main oil return passage, a first oil distribution passage and a second oil distribution passage. The main oil inlet passage communicates with the first oil distribution passage and the second oil distribution passage through the valve cavity, and the main oil return passage communicates with the first oil distribution passage and the second oil distribution passage through the valve cavity. The valve rod is movably arranged in the valve cavity, and the valve rod can control the main oil inlet passage to communicate with the first oil distribution passage or the second oil distribution passage, and the valve rod can control the main oil return passage to communicate with the first oil distribution passage or the second oil distribution passage.

[0004] Specifically, when the valve rod connects the main oil inlet passage and the second oil distribution passage, the first oil distribution passage communicates with the main oil return passage, thereby forming an oil circuit cycle. Moreover, the fork carriage of the forklift tilts forward to facilitate the forklift to lift heavy objects. Similarly, when the valve rod connects the main oil inlet passage and the first oil distribution passage, the second oil distribution passage communicates with the main oil return passage, thereby forming an oil circuit cycle. Moreover, the fork carriage of the forklift tilts backward to facilitate the heavy object to remain stable on the fork carriage. When the forklift malfunctions and suddenly stalls while the fork carriage of the forklift is holding a heavy object in a backward tilt state, the main oil inlet passage will not continue to input pressure oil into the second oil distribution passage. At this time, the hydraulic pressure received by the fork carriage will suddenly drop, resulting in the forward tilt of the fork carriage, and further causing the heavy object on the fork carriage to slide and cause losses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a working valve plate and a multi-way valve to solve the problem that the fork carriage tilts forward due to the sudden stall of the forklift.

[0006] The working valve plate provided by the present application includes a valve body, a valve stem, a locking structure, and a push rod structure. The valve body is provided with a valve cavity, a main oil inlet passage, a main oil return passage, a first oil distribution passage, and a second oil distribution passage. The main oil inlet passage communicates with the first oil distribution passage and the second oil distribution passage through the valve cavity, and the main oil return passage communicates with the first oil distribution passage and the second oil distribution passage through the valve cavity. The valve stem is movably arranged in the valve cavity, and the valve stem can control the main oil inlet passage to communicate with the first oil distribution passage or the second oil distribution passage, and the valve stem can control the main oil return passage to communicate with the first oil distribution passage or the second oil distribution passage. The locking structure is used to control the on-off of the first oil distribution passage, and the locking structure includes a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve. The valve body is provided with a push rod moving cavity, and the push rod structure is movably arranged in the push rod moving cavity. When the pressure oil flows from the main oil inlet passage towards the first oil distribution passage, the first one-way valve opens the first oil distribution passage. When the pressure oil flows from the first oil distribution passage towards the main oil inlet passage, the first one-way valve closes the first oil distribution passage. When the pressure oil enters the second oil distribution passage through the main oil inlet passage, the push rod structure can move towards the second one-way valve to push the second one-way valve to open the first oil distribution passage, and the pressure oil can flow back to the main oil return passage through the first oil distribution passage. The working valve plate is provided with a plurality of oil return holes, and the plurality of oil return holes are distributed along the axial direction of the second one-way valve on the periphery of the second one-way valve. The oil return holes communicate with the first oil distribution passage, and when the second one-way valve opens the first oil distribution passage, one or more oil return holes communicate with the first oil distribution passage. When the second one-way valve closes the first oil distribution passage, the second one-way valve closes the oil return holes. When the pressure oil stops entering the second oil distribution passage, the second one-way valve can close the first oil distribution passage to prevent the pressure oil from flowing back to the main oil return passage through the first oil distribution passage. The valve body is provided with a hydraulic cavity, and the push rod structure is provided with a liquid inlet passage communicating the second oil distribution passage and the hydraulic cavity. The pressure oil can enter the hydraulic cavity from the second oil distribution passage through the liquid inlet passage to make the push rod structure move towards the direction close to the locking structure. The push rod structure is also provided with a liquid outlet passage communicating the second oil distribution passage and the hydraulic cavity. The pressure oil can enter the second oil distribution passage from the hydraulic cavity through the liquid outlet passage to make the push rod structure move towards the direction away from the locking structure.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first one-way valve includes a first compression spring and a first movable plug connected to one end of the first compression spring. The first compression spring can push the first movable plug to block the first oil distribution passage. The first movable plug is provided with an internal movable cavity, and a plurality of oil return holes are arranged on the first movable plug, and the plurality of oil return holes are distributed along the length direction of the internal movable cavity. The internal movable cavity communicates with the first oil distribution passage through the oil return holes, and the second one-way valve is movably arranged in the internal movable cavity to block or communicate the internal movable cavity and the oil return holes.

[0008] In one embodiment, the second one-way valve includes a second compression spring and a second movable plug connected to one end of the second compression spring. The second compression spring can push the second movable plug to block the built-in movable cavity.

[0009] In one embodiment, the elastic coefficient of the second compression spring is greater than that of the first compression spring.

[0010] In one embodiment, a thrust portion is provided at one end of the second movable plug facing the push rod structure. The outer diameter of the thrust portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the second movable plug. The push rod structure abuts against the second movable plug through the thrust portion.

[0011] In one embodiment, a plurality of oil return holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the built-in movable cavity; and / or, a plurality of oil return holes are distributed circumferentially along the built-in movable cavity.

[0012] In one embodiment, the inner diameters of the plurality of oil return holes gradually increase from the direction close to the push rod structure to the direction away from the push rod structure, or the inner diameters of the plurality of oil return holes gradually decrease from the direction close to the push rod structure to the direction away from the push rod structure.

[0013] In one embodiment, a third one-way valve is provided in the liquid inlet passage. When the pressure oil flows from the liquid inlet passage to the hydraulic cavity, the third one-way valve opens. When the pressure oil flows from the hydraulic cavity to the liquid inlet passage, the third one-way valve closes.

[0014] In one embodiment, the third one-way valve includes a third compression spring and a third movable plug connected to one end of the third compression spring. The third compression spring has a tendency to push the third movable plug to move towards the locking structure so that the third movable plug blocks the liquid inlet passage.

[0015] The present application also provides a multi-way valve, which includes the working valve plate described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, for the working valve plate and the multi-way valve provided by the present application, when there is pressure oil in the second oil distribution channel, the push rod structure can push the second one-way valve to open the first oil distribution channel, so that a complete circulating oil path is formed in the working valve plate. When there is no pressure oil in the second oil distribution channel, the push rod structure cannot push the second one-way valve to open the first oil distribution channel, and the pressure oil will not flow back to the main oil return channel through the first oil distribution channel, thereby keeping the hydraulic pressure received by the fork rack stable and preventing the fork rack from tilting forward. Moreover, the locking structure includes a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve. When the first oil distribution channel is connected to the main oil inlet channel, the on-off of the first oil distribution channel is controlled by the first one-way valve. When the first oil distribution channel is connected to the main oil return channel, the on-off of the second oil distribution channel is controlled by the second one-way valve. In this way, when one of the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve fails, it will not affect the normal operation of the other, greatly improving the fault tolerance rate of the locking structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the working valve plate provided by the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of the position A shown;

[0020] Figure 3 is a pipeline diagram of the working valve plate provided by the present application.

[0021] Reference numerals: 100, valve body; 110, valve cavity; 120, main oil inlet channel; 130, main oil return channel; 131, first oil return channel; 132, second oil return channel; 140, first oil distribution channel; 150, second oil distribution channel; 160, push rod activity cavity; 170, hydraulic cavity; 180, machining opening; 200, valve rod; 300, locking structure; 310, first one-way valve; 311, first compression spring; 312, first movable plug; 313, built-in activity cavity; 314, oil return hole; 320, second one-way valve; 321, second compression spring; 322, second movable plug; 323, pushing part; 400, push rod structure; 410, liquid inlet channel; 420, liquid outlet channel; 430, liquid outlet gap; 500, third one-way valve; 510, third compression spring; 520, third movable plug; 600, high-pressure plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present application.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0024] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0026] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific implementations and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0028] As an industrial handling vehicle, a forklift is indispensable for the development of modern industry. Industrial handling vehicles are widely used in ports, stations, airports, freight yards, factory workshops, warehouses, distribution centers and other places. Moreover, forklifts can enter cabins, carriages and containers for the loading, unloading and handling operations of pallet goods, and are essential equipment in pallet transportation and container transportation.

[0029] Generally, a forklift uses a multi-way valve as the power element to control the forward or backward tilt of the fork carriage in front of the forklift. And, the multi-way valve usually includes an oil inlet valve plate, an oil return valve plate and multiple working valve plates. Generally, the working valve plate includes a valve body 100 and a valve rod 200. The valve body 100 is provided with a valve cavity 110, a main oil inlet passage 120, a main oil return passage 130, a first oil distribution passage 140 and a second oil distribution passage 150. The main oil inlet passage 120 communicates with the first oil distribution passage 140 and the second oil distribution passage 150 through the valve cavity 110, and the main oil return passage 130 communicates with the first oil distribution passage 140 and the second oil distribution passage 150 through the valve cavity 110. The valve rod 200 is movably disposed in the valve cavity 110. The valve rod 200 can control the main oil inlet passage 120 to communicate with the first oil distribution passage 140 or communicate with the second oil distribution passage 150, and the valve rod 200 can control the main oil return passage 130 to communicate with the first oil distribution passage 140 or communicate with the second oil distribution passage 150.

[0030] Specifically, when the valve stem 200 connects the main oil inlet passage 120 and the second oil distribution passage 150, the first oil distribution passage 140 connects to the main oil return passage 130, thereby forming an oil circuit loop. Also, the forklift's fork carriage tilts forward to facilitate the forklift in lifting heavy objects. Similarly, when the valve stem 200 connects the main oil inlet passage 120 and the first oil distribution passage 140, the second oil distribution passage 150 connects to the main oil return passage 130, thereby forming an oil circuit loop. And the forklift's fork carriage tilts backward to keep the heavy object stable on the fork carriage. When the forklift malfunctions and suddenly stalls while the fork carriage of the forklift is holding a heavy object in a tilted-back state, the main oil inlet passage 120 will not continue to supply pressurized hydraulic fluid to the second oil distribution passage 150. At this time, the hydraulic pressure on the fork carriage suddenly drops, causing the fork carriage to tilt forward, and further causing the heavy object on the fork carriage to slide off, resulting in losses. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the main oil return passage 130 includes a first oil return passage 131 and a second oil return passage 132. Usually, when the first oil distribution passage 140 returns oil, it connects to the first oil return passage 131, and when the second oil distribution passage 150 returns oil, it connects to the second oil return passage 132. However, this is not limited to this, and the main oil return passage 130 may also include other numbers of oil return passages, which will not be listed one by one here.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 To solve the problem that the sudden stalling of the forklift causes the fork carriage to tilt forward, the working valve plate provided in this application further includes a locking structure 300 and a push rod structure 400. The locking structure 300 is used to control the on-off of the first oil distribution passage 140. Specifically, the locking structure 300 includes a first one-way valve 310 and a second one-way valve 320. The valve body 100 is provided with a push rod moving cavity 160, and the push rod structure 400 is movably disposed in the push rod moving cavity 160. When the pressurized hydraulic fluid flows from the main oil inlet passage 120 towards the first oil distribution passage 140, the first one-way valve 310 opens the first oil distribution passage 140. When the pressurized hydraulic fluid flows from the first oil distribution passage 140 towards the main oil inlet passage 120, the first one-way valve 310 closes the first oil distribution passage 140. When the pressurized hydraulic fluid enters the second oil distribution passage 150 through the main oil inlet passage 120, the push rod structure 400 can move towards the second one-way valve 320 to push the second one-way valve 320 to open the first oil distribution passage 140. And the pressurized hydraulic fluid can flow back to the main oil return passage 130 through the first oil distribution passage 140. In this way, a complete circulating oil circuit is formed. When the pressurized hydraulic fluid stops entering the second oil distribution passage 150, the second one-way valve 320 can close the first oil distribution passage 140 to prevent the pressurized hydraulic fluid from flowing back to the main oil return passage 130 through the first oil distribution passage 140.

[0032] Thus, when there is pressurized hydraulic fluid in the second oil distribution passage 150, the push rod structure 400 can push the second one-way valve 320 to open the first oil distribution passage 140, so as to form a complete circulating oil path for the working valve plate. When there is no pressurized hydraulic fluid in the second oil distribution passage 150, the push rod structure 400 cannot push the second one-way valve 320 to open the first oil distribution passage 140, and the pressurized hydraulic fluid will not flow back to the main oil return passage 130 through the first oil distribution passage 140. Furthermore, the hydraulic pressure received by the fork rack is kept stable, avoiding the forward tilt of the fork rack. And, the locking structure 300 includes a first one-way valve 310 and a second one-way valve 320. When the first oil distribution passage 140 is connected to the main oil inlet passage 120, the on-off of the first oil distribution passage 140 is controlled by the first one-way valve 310. When the first oil distribution passage 140 is connected to the main oil return passage 130, the on-off of the second oil distribution passage 150 is controlled by the second one-way valve 320. Thus, when one of the first one-way valve 310 and the second one-way valve 320 fails, it will not affect the normal operation of the other, greatly improving the fault tolerance rate of the locking structure 300.

[0033] Further, when the pressurized hydraulic fluid enters the second oil distribution passage 150 through the main oil inlet passage 120, and the push rod structure 400 moves towards the second one-way valve 320 and pushes the second one-way valve 320 to open the first oil distribution passage 140, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, in order to improve the control accuracy of the oil return amount of the working valve plate for the pressurized hydraulic fluid, the working valve plate is provided with a plurality of oil return holes 314. The plurality of oil return holes 314 are distributed along the axial direction of the second one-way valve 320 on the periphery of the second one-way valve 320. The oil return holes 314 are connected to the first oil distribution passage 140. And when the second one-way valve 320 opens the first oil distribution passage 140, one or more oil return holes 314 are connected to the first oil distribution passage 140. When the second one-way valve 320 closes the first oil distribution passage 140, the second one-way valve 320 closes the oil return holes 314. Thus, during the movement of the second one-way valve 320, by controlling the moving distance of the second one-way valve 320, the number of the oil return holes 314 opened by the second one-way valve 320 is further controlled, thereby realizing the control of the oil return amount of the working valve plate. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the second one-way valve 320 blocks one end opening of the oil return hole 314, the oil return hole 314 is closed. When the second one-way valve 320 does not block one end opening of the oil return hole 314, the oil return hole 314 is opened.

[0034] Even further, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the valve body 100 is provided with a hydraulic chamber 170. The push rod structure 400 is provided with a liquid inlet passage 410 communicating the second oil distribution passage 150 and the hydraulic chamber 170. Pressure oil can enter the hydraulic chamber 170 from the second oil distribution passage 150 through the liquid inlet passage 410, so that the push rod structure 400 moves towards the direction close to the locking structure 300. The push rod structure 400 is further provided with a liquid outlet passage 420 communicating the second oil distribution passage 150 and the hydraulic chamber 170. Pressure oil can enter the second oil distribution passage 150 from the hydraulic chamber 170 through the liquid outlet passage 420, so that the push rod structure 400 moves towards the direction away from the locking structure 300. Thus, when pressure oil passes through the second oil distribution passage 150, the pressure oil directly enters the hydraulic chamber 170 from the second oil distribution passage 150 through the liquid inlet passage 410, and then the push rod structure 400 is pushed to open the locking structure 300. When the locking structure 300 closes the first oil distribution passage 140 and pushes the push rod structure 400 to reset, the pressure oil in the hydraulic chamber 170 can enter the second oil distribution passage 150 through the liquid outlet passage 420, so that the push rod structure 400 can be reset smoothly. To sum up, with such a setting, the control efficiency of the pressure oil on the push rod structure 400 is greatly improved.

[0035] Further, in order to facilitate the pressure oil to enter the hydraulic chamber 170 from the second oil distribution passage 150 and prevent the pressure oil in the hydraulic chamber 170 from flowing back through the liquid inlet passage 410, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a third one-way valve 500 is provided in the liquid inlet passage 410. When the pressure oil flows from the liquid inlet passage 410 to the hydraulic chamber 170, the third one-way valve 500 opens. When the pressure oil flows from the hydraulic chamber 170 to the liquid inlet passage 410, the third one-way valve 500 closes.

[0036] Specifically, in order to simplify the structure of the third one-way valve 500 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the working valve plate, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the third one-way valve 500 includes a third compression spring 510 and a third movable plug 520 connected to one end of the third compression spring 510. The third compression spring 510 has a tendency to push the third movable plug 520 to move towards the locking structure 300, so that the third movable plug 520 blocks the liquid inlet passage 410. However, it is not limited to this. The third one-way valve 500 can also be a rotation valve that opens unidirectionally.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to improve the sealing performance of the third movable plug 520, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the third movable plug 520 is a steel ball. The steel ball is simple to manufacture and has a better sealing effect, which is beneficial to improving the control accuracy of the working valve plate.

[0038] When the fork lift truck tilts forward and forks up a heavy object, during the process, under the action of the heavy object, the forklift is restricted by the heavy object and has a tendency to tilt forward. At this time, the pressure oil entering the second oil distribution channel 150 will become less, resulting in less pressure oil entering the hydraulic chamber 170 from the second oil distribution channel 150, and further causing the thrust of the push rod structure 400 to become smaller. Thus, the locking structure 300 will tend to close the first oil distribution channel 140 again. At this time, the locking structure 300 will push the push rod structure 400 to reset. During this process, the pressure oil in the hydraulic chamber 170 will leave the hydraulic chamber 170 through the liquid outlet channel 420. If the pressure oil leaves the hydraulic chamber 170 too fast, it will cause the reset speed of the push rod structure 400 to be too fast, resulting in the first oil distribution channel 140 closed by the locking structure 300 too fast, and further causing the fork lift truck to jam. In order to avoid the fork lift truck from jamming, in one embodiment, the maximum cross-sectional area M of the liquid outlet channel 420 is smaller than the minimum cross-sectional area N of the liquid inlet channel 410. With this setting, the reset speed of the push rod structure 400 is slower. Before the locking structure 300 completely closes the first oil distribution channel 140, as the pressure oil entering the second oil distribution channel 150 increases, the pressure oil in the hydraulic chamber 170 can quickly drive the push rod structure 400 to push the locking structure 300 to re-expand the flow rate of the pressure oil in the first oil distribution channel 140. Thus, a damping oscillation effect can be formed between the locking structure 300 and the push rod structure 400, and further avoid the fork lift truck from jamming due to the complete closure of the first oil distribution channel 140, improving the operating comfort of the forklift. It should be noted that the reset of the push rod structure 400 refers to the movement of the push rod structure 400 in a direction away from the locking structure 300.

[0039] Further, in one embodiment, M≤N / 10.

[0040] In order to reduce the processing difficulty of the liquid outlet channel 420, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, there is a liquid outlet gap 430 between the push rod structure 400 and the inner wall of the push rod moving chamber 160, and the liquid outlet gap 430 constitutes the liquid outlet channel 420.

[0041] In order to facilitate the assembly of the push rod structure 400, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the valve body 100 is provided with a processing opening 180 of the push rod moving chamber 160, and a high-pressure plug 600 is fixedly arranged at the processing opening 180 of the push rod moving chamber 160 to seal the push rod moving chamber 160.

[0042] In order to simplify the structure of the first one-way valve 310 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the working valve plate, in one embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, the first one-way valve 310 includes a first compression spring 311 and a first movable plug 312 connected to one end of the first compression spring 311. The first compression spring 311 can push the first movable plug 312 to block the first oil distribution channel 140. However, it is not limited thereto. The first one-way valve 310 can also be a rotatable valve that opens unidirectionally. Further, in one embodiment, to improve the sealing performance of the first movable plug 312, the first movable plug 312 is a conical plug. The conical plug is simple to manufacture and has a better sealing effect, which is beneficial to improving the control accuracy of the working valve plate.

[0043] Further, to reduce the installation difficulty of the first one-way valve 310 and the second one-way valve 320, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the first movable plug 312 is provided with an internal movable cavity 313. A plurality of oil return holes 314 are provided on the first movable plug 312, and the plurality of oil return holes 314 are distributed along the length direction of the internal movable cavity 313. The internal movable cavity 313 communicates with the first oil distribution channel 140 through the oil return holes 314, and the second one-way valve 320 is movably arranged in the internal movable cavity 313 to block or communicate the internal movable cavity 313 and the oil return holes 314. In this way, the first one-way valve 310 and the second one-way valve 320 are sleeved, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty of the working valve plate. Moreover, since the plurality of oil return holes 314 are provided on the first movable plug 312, when the second one-way valve 320 moves in the internal movable cavity 313, the number of oil return holes 314 that are opened and closed can be directly and effectively controlled.

[0044] It should be noted that when the first one-way valve 310 opens or closes the first oil distribution channel 140, it drives the second one-way valve 320 to move synchronously. When the second one-way valve 320 opens or closes the first oil distribution channel 140, the first one-way valve 310 is always in the state of closing the first oil distribution channel 140. That is, the pressure oil can only flow in the internal movable cavity 313 where the second one-way valve 320 is provided. However, it is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the first one-way valve 310 and the second one-way valve 320 can also be relatively independently arranged. Specifically, when the first oil distribution channel 140 has two parallel branches, at this time, the first one-way valve 310 and the second one-way valve 320 are respectively arranged in different branches, and when the first one-way valve 310 is in the working state, the second one-way valve 320 is in the closed state, and when the second one-way valve 320 is in the working state, the first one-way valve 310 is in the closed state. When the first oil distribution channel 140 has only one passage, the first one-way valve 310 and the second one-way valve 320 are respectively arranged at different positions of the first oil distribution channel 140, and when the first one-way valve 310 is in the working state, the second one-way valve 320 remains in the connected state, and when the second one-way valve 320 is in the working state, the first one-way valve 310 remains in the connected state.

[0045] In order to simplify the structure of the second one-way valve 320 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the working valve plate, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the second one-way valve 320 includes a second compression spring 321 and a second movable plug 322 connected to one end of the second compression spring 321. The second compression spring 321 can push the second movable plug 322 to block the built-in movable cavity 313. However, it is not limited thereto. The second one-way valve 320 can also be a rotatable valve that opens unidirectionally. Further, in one embodiment, in order to improve the sealing performance of the second movable plug 322, the second movable plug 322 is a conical plug. The conical plug is simple to manufacture and has a better sealing effect, which is beneficial to improving the control accuracy of the working valve plate.

[0046] Generally, the pressure of the pressure oil entering the first oil distribution channel 140 on the first one-way valve 310 is less than the thrust of the push rod structure 400 on the second one-way valve 320. Therefore, in one embodiment, in order to reduce the difficulty of the pressure oil opening the first one-way valve 310 and improve the working efficiency of the working valve plate, the elastic coefficient of the second compression spring 321 is greater than the elastic coefficient of the first compression spring 311.

[0047] In order to reduce the contact area between the second movable plug 322 and the inner wall of the built-in movable cavity 313, and thus reduce the moving resistance of the second one-way valve 320, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a thrust portion 323 is provided at one end of the second movable plug 322 facing the push rod structure 400. The outer diameter of the thrust portion 323 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second movable plug 322. The push rod structure 400 abuts against the second movable plug 322 through the thrust portion 323.

[0048] In order to reduce the processing difficulty of the oil return hole 314, in one embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, a plurality of oil return holes 314 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the built-in movable cavity 313. It should be noted that the adjacent oil return holes 314 can be arranged at the same or different intervals. Further, a plurality of oil return holes 314 are evenly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the built-in movable cavity 313.

[0049] In order to improve the oil return efficiency of the oil return hole 314, in one embodiment, a plurality of oil return holes 314 are distributed circumferentially along the built-in movable cavity 313. Since a plurality of oil return holes 314 are distributed along the length direction of the built-in movable cavity 313, therefore, a plurality of oil return holes 314 are spirally distributed on the inner wall of the built-in movable cavity 313.

[0050] In order to achieve an accelerated increase in the oil return volume, in one embodiment, the inner diameters of the multiple oil return holes 314 gradually increase in the direction from near the push rod structure 400 to far from the push rod structure 400. In order to achieve a decelerated increase in the oil return volume, in one embodiment, the inner diameters of the multiple oil return holes 314 gradually decrease in the direction from near the push rod structure 400 to far from the push rod structure 400.

[0051] The present application also provides a multi-way valve, which includes the working valve plate described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0052] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0053] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A working valve plate, characterized in that, It includes a valve body (100), a valve stem (200), a locking structure (300) and a push rod structure (400). The valve body (100) is provided with a valve cavity (110), a main oil inlet passage (120), a main oil return passage (130), a first oil distribution passage (140) and a second oil distribution passage (150). The main oil inlet passage (120) communicates with the first oil distribution passage (140) and the second oil distribution passage (150) through the valve cavity (110), and the main oil return passage (130) communicates with the first oil distribution passage (140) and the second oil distribution passage (150) through the valve cavity (110). The valve stem (200) is movably arranged in the valve cavity (110). The valve stem (200) can control the main oil inlet passage (120) to communicate with the first oil distribution passage (140) or the second oil distribution passage (150), and the valve stem (200) can control the main oil return passage (130) to communicate with the first oil distribution passage (140) or the second oil distribution passage (150). The locking structure (300) is used to control the on-off of the first oil distribution passage (140). The locking structure (300) includes a first one-way valve (310) and a second one-way valve (320). The valve body (100) is provided with a push rod moving cavity (160), and the push rod structure (400) is movably arranged in the push rod moving cavity (160). When the pressure oil flows from the main oil inlet passage (120) towards the first oil distribution passage (140), the first one-way valve (310) opens the first oil distribution passage (140). When the pressure oil flows from the first oil distribution passage (140) towards the main oil inlet passage (120), the first one-way valve (310) closes the first oil distribution passage (140). When the pressure oil enters the second oil distribution passage (150) through the main oil inlet passage (120), the push rod structure (400) can move towards the second one-way valve (320) to push the second one-way valve (320) to open the first oil distribution passage (140). And the pressure oil can flow back to the main oil return passage (130) through the first oil distribution passage (140). The working valve plate is provided with a plurality of oil return holes (314). The plurality of oil return holes (314) are distributed along the axial direction of the second one-way valve (320) on the periphery of the second one-way valve (320). The oil return holes (314) communicate with the first oil distribution passage (140). When the second one-way valve (320) opens the first oil distribution passage (140), one or more of the oil return holes (314) communicate with the first oil distribution passage (140). When the second one-way valve (320) closes the first oil distribution passage (140), the second one-way valve (320) closes the oil return holes (314). When the pressure oil stops entering the second oil distribution channel (150), the second one-way valve (320) can close the first oil distribution channel (140) to prevent the pressure oil from flowing back to the main oil return channel (130) through the first oil distribution channel (140). The valve body (100) is provided with a hydraulic cavity (170). The push rod structure (400) is provided with a liquid inlet channel (410) connecting the second oil distribution channel (150) and the hydraulic cavity (170). The pressure oil can enter the hydraulic cavity (170) from the second oil distribution channel (150) through the liquid inlet channel (410) to make the push rod structure (400) move towards the direction close to the locking structure (300). The push rod structure (400) is also provided with a liquid outlet channel (420) connecting the second oil distribution channel (150) and the hydraulic cavity (170). The pressure oil can enter the second oil distribution channel (150) from the hydraulic cavity (170) through the liquid outlet channel (420) to make the push rod structure (400) move towards the direction away from the locking structure (300).

2. The working valve plate according to claim 1, wherein The first one-way valve (310) includes a first compression spring (311) and a first movable plug (312) connected to one end of the first compression spring (311). The first compression spring (311) can push the first movable plug (312) to block the first oil distribution channel (140). The first movable plug (312) is provided with an internal movable cavity (313). A plurality of the oil return holes (314) are arranged on the first movable plug (312), and the plurality of the oil return holes (314) are distributed along the length direction of the internal movable cavity (313). The internal movable cavity (313) is communicated with the first oil distribution channel (140) through the oil return holes (314), and the second one-way valve (320) is movably arranged in the internal movable cavity (313) to cut off or communicate the internal movable cavity (313) and the oil return holes (314).

3. The working valve plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second one-way valve (320) includes a second compression spring (321) and a second movable plug (322) connected to one end of the second compression spring (321). The second compression spring (321) can push the second movable plug (322) to block the internal movable cavity (313).

4. The working valve plate according to claim 3, wherein, The elastic coefficient of the second compression spring (321) is greater than that of the first compression spring (311).

5. The working valve plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the second movable plug (322) facing the push rod structure (400) is provided with a thrust portion (323). The outer diameter of the thrust portion (323) is smaller than the outer diameter of the second movable plug (322). The push rod structure (400) abuts against the second movable plug (322) through the thrust portion (323).

6. The working valve plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of the oil return holes (314) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the internal movable cavity (313); and / or, the plurality of the oil return holes (314) are distributed circumferentially along the internal movable cavity (313).

7. The working valve plate according to claim 3, characterized in that The inner diameters of the plurality of the oil return holes (314) gradually increase from the direction close to the push rod structure (400) to the direction away from the push rod structure (400), or the inner diameters of the plurality of the oil return holes (314) gradually decrease from the direction close to the push rod structure (400) to the direction away from the push rod structure (400).

8. The working valve plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third one-way valve (500) is provided in the liquid inlet passage (410). When the pressure oil flows from the liquid inlet passage (410) to the hydraulic chamber (170), the third one-way valve (500) opens. When the pressure oil flows from the hydraulic chamber (170) to the liquid inlet passage (410), the third one-way valve (500) closes.

9. The working valve plate according to claim 8, wherein, The third one-way valve (500) includes a third compression spring (510) and a third movable plug (520) connected to one end of the third compression spring (510). The third compression spring (510) has a tendency to push the third movable plug (520) to move towards the locking structure (300) so that the third movable plug (520) blocks the liquid inlet passage (410).

10. A multi-way valve, characterized in that, Including the working valve plate according to any one of claims 1-9.

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