A Simple Device and Method for Reproducing Rainbows and Secondary Rainbows

Abstract

The present invention discloses a simple device and method for reproducing rainbows and secondary rainbows. The device includes a solid homogeneous transparent sphere, a tungsten light source with fiber optic output, and an optical flat plate. An observation light screen, a solid sphere base, and a light source base are movably arranged on the optical flat plate. The light source base is provided with a rotation mechanism and a lifting mechanism, and the solid sphere base is provided with a lifting mechanism. A plurality of solid spheres are provided, and a solid homogeneous transparent sphere is arranged at the top of each solid sphere base. A spectrometer integrating sphere is arranged at the position where the observation light screen is arranged. The tungsten light source with fiber optic output is installed on the light source base. A plurality of solid homogeneous transparent spheres are provided, and the observation light screen is placed perpendicular to the optical flat plate. High-brightness and colorful rainbows and secondary rainbows are reproduced through equipment such as the solid homogeneous transparent sphere and the tungsten light source with fiber optic output. It integrates phenomenon demonstration and parameter measurement, can study the formation principle of rainbows and secondary rainbows, reveal the differences in the causes of rainbows and secondary rainbows, has a teaching function, and has application value in optical experimental teaching and popular science education.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of rainbow and secondary rainbow reproduction devices, and particularly relates to a simple rainbow and secondary rainbow reproduction device and method. Background Art

[0002] Rainbows and secondary rainbows are phenomena formed by a series of refractions and reflections when sunlight enters small water droplets suspended in the air in nature. The appearance of a rainbow is the result of sunlight entering the water droplet, refracting, reflecting on the inner surface, and then refracting again. The outer ring is red and the inner ring is purple; the appearance of a secondary rainbow is the result of sunlight entering the water droplet, refracting, reflecting twice on the inner surface, and then refracting again. The outer ring is purple and the inner ring is red.

[0003] In order to study the formation principles of rainbows and secondary rainbows, it is necessary to reproduce rainbows and secondary rainbows in a laboratory environment. In the laboratory, a solid homogeneous transparent sphere with a suitable diameter can be used to replace the water droplet. When a composite light source irradiates a single sphere at a suitable angle and distance, rainbows and secondary rainbows can be formed. At this time, by placing an observation screen at an appropriate position, the rainbows and secondary rainbows can be reproduced on the observation screen. However, the method using a single sphere reproduction in Patent CN201421013Y can only simply reproduce one rainbow and one secondary rainbow, which can neither clearly reveal the differences in the formation principles of rainbows and secondary rainbows nor simulate the superposition of rainbows formed by sunlight passing through multiple small water droplets in nature. In addition, in the prior art, the method of spraying water mist into the air to reproduce rainbows and secondary rainbows has high requirements for experimental conditions such as the experimental site and the light source used, is difficult to operate, is not easy to reproduce the secondary rainbow, and is difficult to conduct quantitative research; in the method of reproducing rainbows and secondary rainbows using spherical, cylindrical and other containers, the container wall will affect the reproduction effect, and the formation principle of rainbows and secondary rainbows is also different from that in nature, so it does not meet the needs of teaching and popular science demonstrations; the method used in Patent CN113823160A cannot make the rainbow and the secondary rainbow appear on the same screen, which is not conducive to comparative observation, and the container shape is square, and the whole is a composite monomer, which has a certain gap from the spherical water droplets in the natural situation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background art, the present invention provides a simple rainbow and secondary rainbow reproduction device and method, which reproduce bright and colorful rainbows and secondary rainbows through equipment such as solid homogeneous transparent spheres and fiber-optic output tungsten light sources, integrating phenomenon demonstration and parameter measurement, and at the same time being able to study the formation principles of rainbows and secondary rainbows, reveal the differences in the causes of rainbows and secondary rainbows, having a certain teaching function, and having important practical application value in optical experimental teaching and popular science education.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A simple device for reproducing rainbows and secondary rainbows, comprising a solid homogeneous transparent sphere, a fiber-optic output tungsten light source, an observation screen, an optical flat plate, a solid sphere base, and a light source base. The observation screen, the solid sphere base, and the light source base are all movably arranged on the optical flat plate. The light source base is provided with a rotation mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the solid sphere base is provided with a lifting mechanism, and multiple solid spheres are provided. One solid homogeneous transparent sphere is provided at the top of one solid sphere base. A spectrometer integrating sphere is provided at the position where the observation screen is arranged. The fiber-optic output tungsten light source is installed on the light source base. When multiple solid homogeneous transparent spheres are arranged, along the light direction, the next solid homogeneous transparent sphere is arranged in the direction with the strongest outgoing light intensity of the previous solid homogeneous transparent sphere. The observation screen is placed perpendicular to the optical flat plate.

[0006] A scale is provided on the optical flat plate, and the solid sphere base and the light source base are marked with the identification of the centroid of the bottom surface of the base.

[0007] The lifting mechanism adopts a sleeve-type lifting strut.

[0008] The rotation mechanism includes a pointer, a rotating shaft, and a 360° protractor. The pointer is fixed on the rotating shaft above the 360° protractor. The 360° protractor is fixedly installed on the light source base. A rotating shaft is provided on the light source base, and the fiber-optic output tungsten light source is connected to the top of the rotating shaft.

[0009] The solid sphere base and the light source base are provided with magnetic bases, and the solid sphere base and the light source base are arranged on the optical flat plate through the magnetic bases.

[0010] Six solid homogeneous transparent spheres are provided, three in a group, and a group of solid homogeneous transparent spheres share one fiber-optic output tungsten light source.

[0011] The spectrometer integrating sphere is placed below the observation screen, and the plane where the light inlet hole is located of the spectrometer integrating sphere is parallel to the observation screen.

[0012] Based on the method for reproducing rainbows and secondary rainbows and realizing the superposition of rainbows and secondary rainbows by the device of the present invention, in the single-sphere device, place the observation screen well, fix the lamp head of the fiber-optic output tungsten light source on the base, move the base, adjust the position of the fiber-optic output tungsten light source and fix the base, and adjust the light source base to an appropriate height; rotate the rotatable part on the upper part of the light source base. Initially, the angle between the fiber-optic output tungsten light source and the observation screen is small. Slowly rotate to gradually increase this angle, and clear secondary rainbows, clear rainbow and secondary rainbow on the same screen phenomenon, and clear rainbows can be obtained on the observation screen in sequence; adjust the angle between the fiber-optic output tungsten light source and the observation screen to an appropriate angle to obtain clear rainbows and secondary rainbows, adjust the position of the spectrometer integrating sphere so that all the colored lights of the rainbows and secondary rainbows fall into the light inlet hole as much as possible, and use the spectrometer to measure the imaging of the rainbows and secondary rainbows.

[0013] Behind the first solid homogeneous transparent sphere, find the direction with the strongest light intensity of the outgoing light after passing through it. Fix the second solid homogeneous transparent sphere on the base and place it in the direction with the strongest outgoing light intensity. Adjust the relative distance between the two solid homogeneous transparent spheres until a rainbow with the same bending direction as the original rainbow and a secondary rainbow with the opposite bending direction appear on the observation screen. Continuing to adjust the relative distance between the two solid homogeneous transparent spheres can make the two rainbows on the observation screen coincide.

[0014] In the multi-sphere device, add multiple solid homogeneous transparent spheres, increase the number of fiber-optic output tungsten light sources according to the number of solid homogeneous transparent spheres, and ensure that the irradiation directions of all fiber-optic output tungsten light sources are consistent. Adjust the relative positions between the solid homogeneous transparent spheres to make all rainbows superimposed. The multiple solid homogeneous transparent spheres simulate the situation of the formation of rainbows when a large number of water droplets act together in nature, so that the multiple rainbows formed coincide completely at the same position on the observation screen, which is used to explore the influence of the interaction between multiple spheres on the formation of rainbows.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The solid homogeneous transparent spheres adopted in the present invention are similar in shape to the refraction elements that produce rainbows and secondary rainbows in nature, and are very close to the naturally formed rainbows and secondary rainbows in principle. Due to the morphological stability of the solid spheres, stable phenomena can occur during repeated experiments, which is suitable for the teaching demonstration of the reproduction and simulation superposition of rainbows and secondary rainbows, and for studying the generation principles of rainbows and secondary rainbows.

[0017] 2. The present invention can make rainbows and secondary rainbows simultaneously image on the observation screen, can be measured without changing the device, and the relative positions and light intensity relationships of rainbows and secondary rainbows are all consistent with natural laws, which is convenient for comparative observation and research.

[0018] 3. On the basis of effectively reproducing rainbows and secondary rainbows and imaging them on the observation screen, the double-sphere device in the present invention can show obvious phenomena through simple operations in teaching, exhibitions and other activities, so that students or visitors can intuitively and deeply understand the differences in the generation principles of rainbows and secondary rainbows.

[0019] 4. The light source used in the present invention is a fiber-optic output tungsten light source with a spectrum covering the entire visible light range. The obtained rainbows and secondary rainbows are continuous in color, which is convenient for observation and measurement. Moreover, the generated parallel light has a concentrated brightness, and the phenomenon is clearer and more obvious under the same power, which can reduce energy consumption in practical applications.

[0020] 5. In the present invention, by adjusting the height of the base, the spatial three-dimensional distribution of small water droplets in the atmosphere can be simulated, which is convenient for exploring the superposition of rainbows and secondary rainbows generated by the action of small water droplets at different heights.

[0021] 6. The present invention can study the effects of various environmental factors, such as the incident angle of the light source, the refractive index of the refracting element, etc., on the reproduction and superposition of rainbows and halos.

[0022] 7. The materials used in the present invention are relatively easy to obtain, the phenomenon is obvious, the demonstration effect is good, the rainbows and halos shown on the observation screen are clearly visible, and the color, curvature, direction and position are clear, which are easy to observe and record.

[0023] Furthermore, compared with the rainbows and halos reproduced by an ordinary single solid homogeneous transparent sphere, the simulation effect of the multi-sphere device of the present invention is closer to the actual situation, and the results are clearer and more vivid.

[0024] Furthermore, the accuracy of the protractor used in the present invention is 1°. In this experiment, the rotation angle of the tungsten light source output by the optical fiber can be more accurately controlled, and more accurate phenomena can be obtained, and the repeatability of the experiment is high.

[0025] Furthermore, the present invention can use a spectrometer to quantitatively analyze the spectrum of the light source and the imaging of rainbows and halos, and use a computer device to perform information processing on the experimental results, which is convenient for observing and evaluating the generated rainbows and halos. As a set of mature and complete demonstration, measurement and teaching experimental equipment, it has certain display and teaching functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings are used to assist in understanding the present invention and form a part of the specification, and are used together with the following specific embodiments to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a top view optical path diagram of the double-sphere device of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a top view of a recommended position when using six spheres in the multi-sphere device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall device of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a side view of the tungsten light source output by the optical fiber, the base and the angle measuring device used in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a top view of the tungsten light source output by the optical fiber, the base and the angle measuring device used in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a spectrogram of the composite optical fiber output tungsten light source used in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a spectrogram of the rainbow generated by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 The spectral diagram of the rainbow generated by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the imaging result when the rainbow and the secondary rainbow obtained by the present invention are not superimposed.

[0036] In the drawings, 1 - solid homogeneous transparent sphere, 2 - light source base, 3 - tungsten light source with fiber optic output, 4 - observation light screen, 5 - solid sphere base, 7 - integrating sphere of spectrometer, 21 - lamp head of tungsten light source with fiber optic output, 22 - pointer, 23 - 360° protractor, 24 - magnetic base, 25 - magnetic switch of base, 8 - rainbow generated by solid homogeneous transparent sphere a, 9 - secondary rainbow generated by solid homogeneous transparent sphere a, 10 - rainbow generated by solid homogeneous transparent sphere b, 11 - secondary rainbow generated by solid homogeneous transparent sphere b. Specific embodiments

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant content and do not limit the present invention. Additionally, it should be noted that only parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings for the sake of convenience of description.

[0038] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0039] Unless otherwise specified, the exemplary embodiments / Examples shown are to be understood as providing exemplary features of various details of some ways in which the technical concept of the present invention can be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the features of various embodiments / Examples can be additionally combined, separated, interchanged, and / or rearranged without departing from the technical concept of the present invention.

[0040] In the drawings, cross - hatching and / or shading are generally used to make the boundaries between adjacent components clear. Thus, unless stated, the presence or absence of cross - hatching or shading does not convey or imply any preference or requirement for the specific material, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonality between the components shown, and / or any other characteristics, attributes, properties, etc. of the components. Additionally, in the drawings, for the sake of clarity and / or descriptive purposes, the dimensions and relative dimensions of the components may be exaggerated. When the exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, the specific process sequences can be performed in an order different from that described. For example, two consecutively described processes can be performed substantially simultaneously or in an order opposite to that described. Furthermore, the same reference numerals represent the same components.

[0041] When a component is referred to as being "on" or "above" another component, "connected to" or "coupled to" another component, the component can be directly on the other component, directly connected to or directly coupled to the other component, or there can be intermediate components. However, when a component is referred to as being "directly on" another component, "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another component, there are no intermediate components. For this reason, the term "connected" can refer to a physical connection, an electrical connection, etc., and can have or not have intermediate components.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a simple rainbow and secondary rainbow reproduction device and method provided by the present invention includes a solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1, a fiber optic output tungsten light source 3, an observation light screen 4, an optical flat plate 12, a solid sphere base 5, and a light source base 2. The observation light screen 4, the solid sphere base 5, and the light source base 2 are all movably arranged on the optical flat plate 12. The light source base 2 is provided with a rotation mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the solid sphere base 5 is provided with a lifting mechanism, at least 1 solid sphere is provided, a solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1 is arranged at the top of one solid sphere base 5, and a spectrometer integrating sphere 7 is arranged at the position where the observation light screen 4 is arranged. The fiber optic output tungsten light source 3 is installed on the light source base 2. When multiple solid homogeneous transparent spheres 1 are arranged, along the light direction, the next solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1 is arranged in the direction with the strongest outgoing light intensity of the previous solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1; the spectrometer integrating sphere 7 is placed below the observation light screen, and the plane where the light incident hole of the spectrometer integrating sphere 7 is located is parallel to the observation light screen.

[0043] A scale is provided on the optical flat plate 12, and the marks of the centroid of the bottom surface of the base are marked on the solid sphere base 5 and the light source base 2. Specifically, if the bottom surfaces of the solid sphere base 5 and the light source base 2 are rectangular, the midpoints of the edges are marked on the bottom surface; if the bottom surfaces of the solid sphere base 5 and the light source base 2 are circular, four points are uniformly marked along the circumference.

[0044] The lifting mechanism adopts a sleeve-type lifting strut. The sleeve-type lifting strut can adopt two nested round tubes. The two round tubes can slide relative to each other, and a locking screw is provided between the two round tubes, which can achieve a smooth change in height. Moreover, by using round tubes, relative rotation can be performed; in addition, the sleeve-type lifting strut can adopt two sleeves connected by threads, and the two sleeves can be rotated and lifted simultaneously.

[0045] The rotation mechanism includes a pointer 22, a rotating shaft, and a 360° protractor 23. The pointer 22 is fixed on the rotating shaft above the 360° protractor 23. The 360° protractor 23 is fixedly installed on the light source base 2. A rotating shaft is provided on the light source base 2, and the fiber optic output tungsten light source 3 is connected to the top of the rotating shaft. The sleeve type lifting mechanism uses a round tube to achieve lifting and can also achieve rotation. Of course, for the solid ball base 5 that does not need to rotate, a square tube lifting mechanism can be used.

[0046] Optionally, a turntable and a rotating shaft can also be provided at the top of the lifting mechanism as the rotation mechanism. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the lifting mechanism, and the 360° protractor 23 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0047] The solid ball base 5 and the light source base 2 are provided with magnetic bases 24. The solid ball base 5 and the light source base 2 are arranged on the optical flat plate through the magnetic bases 24. A base magnetic switch 25 is provided on the magnetic base 24.

[0048] Six solid homogeneous transparent balls 1 are provided, three in a group. One fiber optic output tungsten light source 3 is shared by one group of solid homogeneous transparent balls 1.

[0049] The fiber optic output tungsten light source 3 in the present invention has a wide spectral range and can cover all colors of light from red to violet, so as to simulate a beam of sunlight in nature. A solid homogeneous transparent ball 1 with a suitable diameter is selected to replace the water droplet. The fiber optic output tungsten light source 3 and the solid homogeneous transparent ball 1 are respectively placed on the adjustable height light source base 2 and the solid ball base 5. The 360° protractor 23 is horizontally fixed on the light source base 2 with the base rotating shaft as the central axis and does not rotate with the rotating shaft. The initial direction of the fiber optic output tungsten light source 3 should be set to the 0° direction of the 360° protractor 23. The pointer 22 is fixed on the rotating shaft above the 360° protractor 23, perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and the direction it points to is consistent with the direction of the fiber optic output tungsten light source lamp head 21 and can rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft and the fiber optic output tungsten light source lamp head 21. Therefore, the scale pointed to by the pointer 22 on the 360° protractor 23 is the angle between the plane where the fiber optic output tungsten light source 3 and the perpendicular line of the observation light screen 4 are located. The observation light screen 4 is placed perpendicular to the optical flat plate. The spectrometer integrating sphere 7 is placed below the observation light screen 4. The plane where the light incident hole of the spectrometer integrating sphere 7 is located is parallel to the observation light screen, and all the colors of light that reproduce the rainbow are incident on the light incident hole.

[0050] For the convenience of description, the solid homogeneous transparent ball 1 includes a solid homogeneous transparent ball a, a solid homogeneous transparent ball b, a solid homogeneous transparent ball c, a solid homogeneous transparent ball d, a solid homogeneous transparent ball e, and a solid homogeneous transparent ball f.

[0051] In the single-sphere device, place the observation light screen. Fix the tungsten light source lamp head of the fiber optic output on the base. Move the base, adjust the light source to an appropriate position and fix the base, and adjust the base to a suitable height. Rotate the rotatable part on the upper part of the base. Initially, the angle between the tungsten light source of the fiber optic output and the observation light screen is small. Slowly rotate it to gradually increase this angle. On the observation light screen, clear rainbows, the phenomenon of clear rainbows and secondary rainbows on the same screen, and clear secondary rainbows can be obtained in sequence. Adjust the angle between the tungsten light source of the fiber optic output and the observation light screen to an appropriate angle to obtain clear rainbows and secondary rainbows. Adjust the position of the integrating sphere 7 of the spectrometer so that as many color lights of the rainbows and secondary rainbows as possible fall into the light inlet hole, and use the spectrometer to measure the imaging conditions of the rainbows and secondary rainbows.

[0052] In the double-sphere device, behind the first solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1, find the direction with the strongest light intensity of the outgoing light after the light passes through it. Fix the second solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1 on the base and place it in the direction with the strongest light intensity of the outgoing light; adjust the relative distance between the two solid homogeneous transparent spheres 1 until a rainbow with the same bending direction as the original rainbows and secondary rainbows and a secondary rainbow with the opposite bending direction to the original rainbows and secondary rainbows appear on the observation light screen. Comparing with the first rainbow can clearly show the difference in the formation causes of rainbows and secondary rainbows, that is, when the secondary rainbow is imaged, the light undergoes one more reflection inside the refracting element than the rainbow. Continuing to adjust the relative distance between the two solid homogeneous transparent spheres 1 can make the two rainbows on the observation light screen coincide.

[0053] In the multi-sphere device, add an appropriate number of solid homogeneous transparent spheres 1, and appropriately increase the number of tungsten light sources of the fiber optic output according to the number of solid homogeneous transparent spheres 1, and the irradiation directions of all light sources are the same; adjust the relative positions between the solid homogeneous transparent spheres 1 so that all rainbows are superimposed. At this time, multiple equal-sized solid homogeneous transparent spheres 1 can simulate the situation of forming rainbows when a large number of water droplets act together in nature, so that the multiple rainbows formed can completely coincide at the same position on the observation light screen, and the influence of the interaction between multiple spheres on the formation of rainbows can be explored.

[0054] 1. After placing the observation light screen, fix the tungsten light source of the fiber optic output on the base. Move the base, adjust the relative position between the tungsten light source of the fiber optic output and the observation light screen, rotate the magnetic switch 25 of the base to fix the base on the optical flat, adjust the height of the base, rotate the rotatable part on the upper part of the base, and adjust the angle between the tungsten light source of the fiber optic output and the plane where the perpendicular line of the observation light screen is located according to the scale pointed by the pointer 22 on the 360° protractor 23; refer to Figure 5 ;

[0055] 2. Fix the solid homogeneous transparent ball 11 on the base and place it in the direction of the optical fiber output tungsten light source 3. Then, keep the optical fiber output tungsten light source fixed, move the solid homogeneous transparent ball 1, and adjust the relative distance between the two until a clear rainbow and a clear neon appear on the light screen; that is, the rainbow 8 generated by the solid homogeneous transparent ball 1 and the neon 9 generated by the solid homogeneous transparent ball 1;

[0056] 3. Adjust the position of the spectrometer integrating sphere 7 to make all the colored light of the rainbow and neon fall into the light inlet hole as much as possible, and use the spectrometer to measure the imaging of the rainbow and neon;

[0057] 4. Find the direction behind the solid homogeneous transparent ball 11 where the light is emitted most strongly, and fix the solid homogeneous transparent ball 1 on the base and place it in this direction;

[0058] 5. The solid homogeneous transparent ball 1 is fixed, and the solid homogeneous transparent ball 1 is moved to adjust the relative distance between the two until a clear rainbow and a clear neon appear on the observation screen;

[0059] 6. Continue to move the solid homogeneous transparent ball 1 until the rainbow on the light screen overlaps;

[0060] 7. Add more fiber optic tungsten light sources in parallel with the fiber optic tungsten light source, and place several solid homogeneous transparent balls 1 at appropriate positions so that the rainbows formed by all the balls overlap at the same position on the observation light screen.

[0061] Specifically, the following provides an example, reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 as well as Figure 9 .

[0062] 1. After placing the observation screen, place the fiber optic tungsten light source 25.00cm in front of the observation screen and rotate the base magnetic switch 25 to fix the base on the optical plate. Adjust the base height so that the centers of all solid homogeneous transparent balls 1 are in the same horizontal plane as the straight line where the fiber optic tungsten light source irradiates. Adjust the base to a suitable height, and adjust the angle between the fiber optic tungsten light source 3 and the plane where the vertical line of the observation screen is located to 34°;

[0063] 2. Fix the solid homogeneous transparent ball 11 on the base and place it in the direction of the optical fiber output tungsten light source. Then, keep the optical fiber output tungsten light source fixed, move the solid homogeneous transparent ball 1, and adjust the distance between the two to 11.84 cm, so that a clear rainbow and a clear neon appear on the observation screen, i.e., the rainbow 8 generated by the solid homogeneous transparent ball a and the neon 9 generated by the solid homogeneous transparent ball a;

[0064] 3. Adjust the position of the integrating sphere 11 so that as many colored lights of the rainbow as possible fall into the light inlet hole, and use a spectrometer to measure the imaging conditions of the rainbow and the secondary rainbow;

[0065] 4. Find the direction with the strongest light emission after passing through the solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1. It can be known that this direction forms an angle of 52° with the perpendicular line of the observation screen. Fix the solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1 on the base and place it in this direction, that is, the connection line between the centers of the two spheres forms an angle of 52° with the perpendicular line of the observation screen on the horizontal plane;

[0066] 5. Keep the solid homogeneous transparent sphere a fixed and move the solid homogeneous transparent sphere b so that the distance between their centers is 9.25 cm. At this time, clear rainbows and clear secondary rainbows appear on the observation screen, namely the rainbow 10 generated by the solid homogeneous transparent sphere b and the secondary rainbow 11 generated by the solid homogeneous transparent sphere b;

[0067] 6. Continue to move the solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1 so that the distance between their centers is 20.23 cm, and the connection line between the centers of the two spheres forms an angle of 46° with the perpendicular line of the observation screen on the horizontal plane. At this time, the rainbows coincide on the observation screen;

[0068] 7. Place another light source parallel to the above light source. The two light sources are respectively horizontally facing the centers of the solid homogeneous transparent sphere a and the solid homogeneous transparent sphere c. Place the solid homogeneous transparent spheres b, d, e, and f with equal diameters at the positions as shown in Figure 2 so that the rainbows formed by the six spheres coincide at the same position on the observation screen.

[0069] It should be noted that in the present invention, the material of the solid homogeneous transparent sphere 1 is not limited, but it is required to be transparent and clean, and the diameter can be selected from 50 mm to 80 mm; the tungsten lamp in the fiber-optic output tungsten lamp light source can be replaced by other light sources, but the more colored lights in the visible light spectrum the light source contains, the better the reproduction effect will be.

[0070] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simple device for reproducing rainbows and secondary rainbows, characterized in that, It includes a solid homogeneous transparent sphere (1), a tungsten light source with fiber-optic output, an observation light screen, an optical flat plate, a solid sphere base (5), and a light source base (2). The observation light screen, the solid sphere base (5), and the light source base (2) are all movably arranged on the optical flat plate. The light source base (2) is provided with a rotation mechanism and a lifting mechanism, and the solid sphere base (5) is provided with a lifting mechanism. There are multiple solid spheres, and one solid homogeneous transparent sphere (1) is arranged at the top of one solid sphere base (5). A spectrometer integrating sphere (7) is arranged at the position where the observation light screen is placed. The tungsten light source with fiber-optic output is installed on the light source base (2). When multiple solid homogeneous transparent spheres (1) are arranged, along the light direction, the next solid homogeneous transparent sphere (1) is arranged in the direction with the strongest outgoing light intensity of the previous solid homogeneous transparent sphere (1). The observation light screen is placed perpendicular to the optical flat plate. There are six solid homogeneous transparent spheres (1), three in a group, and a group of solid homogeneous transparent spheres (1) share one tungsten light source with fiber-optic output. The spectrometer integrating sphere (7) is placed below the observation light screen, and the plane where the light inlet hole is located of the spectrometer integrating sphere (7) is parallel to the observation light screen.

2. The simple device for reproducing rainbows and secondary rainbows according to claim 1, characterized in that, A scale is provided on the optical flat plate, and the solid sphere base (5) and the light source base (2) are marked with the identification of the centroid of the base bottom surface.

3. The simple rainbow and secondary rainbow reproduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism adopts a sleeve-type lifting strut.

4. The simple rainbow and secondary rainbow reproduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotation mechanism includes a pointer (22), a rotating shaft, and a 360° protractor (23). The pointer (22) is fixed on the rotating shaft above the 360° protractor (23), the 360° protractor (23) is fixedly installed on the light source base (2), a rotating shaft is provided on the light source base (2), and the tungsten light source with fiber-optic output is connected to the top of the rotating shaft.

5. The simple rainbow and secondary rainbow reproduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid sphere base (5) and the light source base (2) are provided with magnetic bases (24), and the solid sphere base (5) and the light source base (2) are arranged on the optical flat plate through the magnetic bases (24).

6. A method for reproducing a rainbow and achieving rainbow superposition based on the device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Place the observation light screen well, fix the lamp head of the tungsten light source with fiber-optic output on the base, move the base, adjust the position of the tungsten light source with fiber-optic output and fix the base, and adjust the light source base (2) to an appropriate height; rotate the rotatable part of the upper part of the light source base (2). Initially, the angle between the tungsten light source with fiber-optic output and the observation light screen is small. Slowly rotate it to gradually increase this angle, and clear phenomena of the secondary rainbow, the clear co-screen phenomenon of the primary and secondary rainbows, and the clear primary rainbow can be obtained on the observation light screen in sequence; adjust the angle between the tungsten light source with fiber-optic output and the observation light screen to an appropriate angle to obtain clear primary and secondary rainbows, adjust the position of the spectrometer integrating sphere (7) so that all the colored lights of the primary and secondary rainbows fall into the light inlet hole as much as possible, and use the spectrometer to measure the imaging of the primary and secondary rainbows; behind the first solid homogeneous transparent sphere (1), find the direction with the strongest outgoing light intensity after the light passes through it, fix the second solid homogeneous transparent sphere (1) on the base and place it in the direction with the strongest outgoing light intensity; adjust the relative distance between the two solid homogeneous transparent spheres (1) until a primary rainbow with the same bending direction as the original primary and secondary rainbows and a secondary rainbow with the opposite bending direction to the original primary and secondary rainbows appear on the observation light screen. Continuing to adjust the relative distance between the two solid homogeneous transparent spheres (1) can make the two primary rainbows on the observation light screen coincide.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein In the multi-sphere device, a plurality of solid homogeneous transparent spheres (1) are added, and the number of tungsten light sources output by optical fibers is increased according to the number of the solid homogeneous transparent spheres (1), and the irradiation directions of the tungsten light sources output by the optical fibers are the same. The relative positions of the solid homogeneous transparent spheres (1) are adjusted so that all rainbows are superimposed. The plurality of solid homogeneous transparent spheres (1) simulate the situation of forming a rainbow when a large number of water droplets act together in nature, and multiple rainbows formed are completely coincident at the same position on the observation screen.

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