Communication equipment, media access control layer architecture and implementation method thereof

Abstract

A communication device, a media access control layer architecture and an implementation method thereof, wherein the media access control layer includes at least one of a wireless management function entity, a user management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity and an uplink and downlink scheduler. The communication device, the media access control layer architecture and the implementation method thereof proposed in the present invention can provide an architectural definition for endogenous AI and digital twins, and provide a solution for providing powerful computing power support for the scheduler. The present invention enables the scheduler to focus on the required resource allocation, thereby improving scheduling efficiency. In addition, the present invention also provides an implementation scheme for the plug-and-play function of the scheduler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a communication device, a media access control layer architecture and an implementation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The fifth-generation mobile communication system (5G) has updated the Protocol Data Unit (PDU) format of the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, adding MAC control content and significantly increasing the types of MAC Control Elements (CE). For example, MAC control of various link scenarios, such as Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB), Sidelink, and Supplementary Uplink (SUL), has been defined. The MAC has become a true control functional entity.

[0003] Figure 1 The basic functions and architecture of a MAC in the prior art are given. The architecture diagram mainly highlights the MAC's control over channel mapping, where the mapping from the upper layer's logical channel to the lower layer's transmission channel is part of the MAC function.

[0004] As the most important air interface controller, the MAC protocol entity has to complete tasks far beyond channel mapping and data packet assembly and parsing, but also the unified control and coordination of the entire air interface physical channel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a communication device, a media access control layer architecture and an implementation method thereof, and proposes an implementation scheme for a MAC architecture with separated management and control.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, at least one embodiment provides a media access control layer architecture, applied to a first communication device, wherein the media access control layer includes at least one of a radio management function entity, a user management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler, wherein:

[0007] The radio management function entity is used to simulate air interface radio resources and physical channels, generate configuration information of air interface radio resources and / or physical channels, and provide the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler;

[0008] The user management function entity obtains at least one of the following measurement information based on each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: characteristics of transmitted and received data, air interface channel quality, user status during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority;

[0009] The service management function entity is configured to monitor data information transmitted over the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculate measurement information of characteristic values ​​of each service, generate a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission, and provide the model to the uplink and downlink scheduler;

[0010] The connection control function entity is configured to measure and obtain the following measurement information of each user and provide it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; select an air interface link based on the characteristics of data received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and, when a second communication device with an air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, perform connection management on the new air interface link;

[0011] The uplink and downlink scheduler is used to perform at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on information provided by at least one of the radio management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity: user scheduling, selection control and scheduling of air interface links, matching control of upper layer service QoS feature values ​​and air interface link carrying capacity, and perform scheduling control on new access links as an anchor point.

[0012] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the radio management function entity is further configured to perform online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels based on the first delay metric;

[0013] The uplink and downlink scheduler is further configured to perform the scheduling control process based on a second delay scale, wherein the first delay scale is greater than the second delay scale.

[0014] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the wireless management function entity is further configured to subscribe to measurement information from at least one of the user management function entity, the service management function entity, and the connection control function entity, and to run simulation of the uplink and downlink schedulers and orchestration of physical channel functions based on the received subscribed measurement information.

[0015] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the uplink and downlink scheduler is also used to receive a scheduling request for a new access link sent by the connection control functional entity, and schedule the new access link, allocate resources, generate or receive and process corresponding MAC layer control packets according to the scheduling request; after the scheduling is completed, send a notification message to the connection control functional entity to indicate the completion of the scheduling, and update the dynamic measurement parameters during the operation of the uplink and downlink scheduler to the corresponding functional entity.

[0016] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the radio management function entity is further configured to complete radio resource and / or physical channel scheduling within a specific time period each time, wherein:

[0017] Use digital twin tools to implement endogenous digital twin functionality for MAC functions, performing online simulation of both uplink and downlink functions.

[0018] Generate an air interface resource pattern within a specific time period based on the online simulation results of the digital twin function, where the air interface resource pattern includes at least one of the following: a data packet transmission time period, a time interval for feedback on the data packet, whether to enable the mini-slot mode, generating a coexistence pattern of mini-slots and normal slots when the mini-slot mode is enabled, determining time-frequency configuration information for carrying control information, configuration of air interface radio subframes, and configuration of subcarrier spacing;

[0019] Based on the online simulation results of the digital twin functions, the processes and algorithms involved in the physical channels are combined to generate physical channels with different functions.

[0020] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the user management function entity is further configured to manage the reception and transmission of MAC upper layer channel data; and / or, manage the function combination required by the upper layer channel; and / or, manage the mapping relationship between upper layer channels; and / or, manage the data flow of the upper layer channel and provide information on the data reception and transmission status of the user's upper layer channel on the air interface;

[0021] and / or, collecting or recording physical channel state parameters of each user when receiving and sending information on each physical channel, and obtaining measurement information of the user at the air interface;

[0022] and / or, calculating the scheduling priority of the user based on the requirements of the scheduling algorithm and combining the information of data received and sent by the user's upper layer channel on the air interface, and inserting the user into the user scheduling queue of the uplink and downlink scheduler according to the scheduling priority;

[0023] and / or, modeling and / or predicting the user's mobile location information, possible antennas serving the user, or wireless signal coverage based on the user's measurement information over the air interface;

[0024] and / or, managing pairing information of different users based on the air interface measurement information of each user, predicting the pairing relationship between different users, and generating air interface evaluation schemes of different levels for use by the scheduling algorithm;

[0025] and / or, reconstructing the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the user's measurement information on the air interface and the data reception and transmission status of the upper layer channel;

[0026] and / or, determining whether to enable or disable the MAC packet sorting function, or whether to adjust the size of the sending or receiving sorting window, based on the data transmission status on the air interface, the load of the air interface wireless resources, and the timing relationship of the air interface wireless resources;

[0027] And / or, during the MAC data forward transmission process, identify the valid data to be moved, and move the valid data from the source MAC entity to the target MAC entity, wherein the valid data includes at least one of the following data: the data MAC SDU in the MAC PDU being sent but not yet successfully sent on each HARQ Process; the data MAC SDU contained in the MAC PDU being constructed but not yet placed in the HARQ Process cache; the MAC SDU received by the MAC from the upper layer.

[0028] And / or, based on the state parameter of air interface data transmission, determine the total amount of data received by the MAC from the upper layer, or determine the total amount of data sent by the MAC layer to its upper layer.

[0029] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the user management function entity is further configured to:

[0030] Monitor all data information transmitted over the air interface during the operation of the MAC system, including service data packets sent by the upper layer and / or control information sent by users over the air interface; record and calculate the data characteristics of each user's transmission and reception, and obtain the characteristic value of each service, as well as the data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or the QoS characteristic value of air interface data transmission;

[0031] and / or, recording the characteristics of data packets sent and received by each upper layer bearer of each user, and performing statistical analysis to obtain the characteristics of data transmission and reception for the same type of service; and, recording the control information exchanged between the MAC and its upper layer for the data of this type of service, and using the control information used in the interaction process, detecting the changing characteristics of the upper layer channel when the service data is sent or received;

[0032] and / or, collecting statistics on the quality of each MAC PDU sent by each user over the air interface, and calculating, based on the quality of the air interface transmission, the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface;

[0033] And / or, based on the data receiving and sending characteristics of the service and the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface, QoS parameter calculation is performed for air interface wireless resource adaptation and service data requirements.

[0034] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the user management function entity is further configured to perform a mapping process between an upper layer channel and an air interface connection once per TTI, and select an air interface link for data transmission according to characteristics of upper layer channel data;

[0035] And / or, monitor air interface links, record the quality of each air interface link serving each user, and calculate the carrying capacity of each air interface link to select an available link for the user according to the user's needs.

[0036] And / or, for each air interface link, according to the service capability, formulate an air interface link selection plan for each user, and perform on-demand selection, dynamic adjustment and change of the air interface link according to the needs of the user.

[0037] and / or, determining the HARQ mode to be used based on the air interface timing relationship when each MAC PDU of each user is sent, the air interface delay and robustness requirements of the MAC PDU;

[0038] and / or, controlling beamforming;

[0039] And / or, based on the monitoring of the air interface link, the air interface link connection is controlled according to user needs.

[0040] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for implementing a media access control layer is provided, which is applied to a first communication device. The media access control layer includes a radio management function entity, a user management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler. The method includes at least one of the following steps:

[0041] The radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels, generates configuration information of air interface radio resources and / or physical channels, and provides the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler;

[0042] The user management function entity obtains at least one of the following measurement information based on each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: characteristics of transmitted and received data, air interface channel quality, user status during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority;

[0043] The service management function entity monitors the data information transmitted on the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculates measurement information of characteristic values ​​of each service, generates a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission, and provides them to the uplink and downlink scheduler;

[0044] The connection control function entity measures and obtains the following measurement information of each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; selects an air interface link based on the characteristics of data received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and, when a second communication device with an air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, performs connection management on the new air interface link;

[0045] The uplink and downlink scheduler performs at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on information provided by at least one of the radio management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity, and the connection control function entity: user scheduling, selection control and scheduling of air interface links, matching control of upper layer service QoS feature values ​​and air interface link carrying capacity, and performs scheduling control on new access links as an anchor point.

[0046] Furthermore, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels based on the first delay metric;

[0047] The uplink and downlink scheduler performs the scheduling control process based on a second delay metric, wherein the first delay metric is greater than the second delay metric.

[0048] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels, including:

[0049] The radio management function entity subscribes to measurement information from at least one of the user management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity, and runs simulation for the up / down scheduler and orchestration of physical channel functions according to the received subscribed measurement information.

[0050] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the uplink and downlink scheduler performs scheduling control on the new access link, including:

[0051] The uplink and downlink scheduler receives a scheduling request for a new access link sent by the connection control function entity, and schedules the new access link, allocates resources, and generates or receives and processes a corresponding MAC layer control packet according to the scheduling request;

[0052] After the scheduling is completed, the uplink and downlink scheduler sends a notification message indicating the scheduling completion to the connection control function entity, and updates the dynamic measurement parameters during the operation of the uplink and downlink scheduler to the corresponding function entity.

[0053] In addition, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement on the air interface radio resources and physical channels to generate configuration information of the air interface radio resources and physical channels, specifically including:

[0054] The radio management function entity completes radio resource and / or physical channel scheduling within a specific time period each time, wherein:

[0055] Use digital twin tools to implement endogenous digital twin functionality for MAC functions, performing online simulation of both uplink and downlink functions.

[0056] Generate an air interface resource pattern within a specific time period based on the online simulation results of the digital twin function, where the air interface resource pattern includes at least one of the following: a data packet transmission time period, a time interval for feedback on the data packet, whether to enable the mini-slot mode, generating a coexistence pattern of mini-slots and normal slots when the mini-slot mode is enabled, determining time-frequency configuration information for carrying control information, configuration of air interface radio subframes, and configuration of subcarrier spacing;

[0057] Based on the online simulation results of the digital twin functions, the processes and algorithms involved in the physical channels are combined to generate physical channels with different functions.

[0058] Furthermore, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further comprises:

[0059] The user management function entity manages the reception and transmission of MAC upper layer channel data; and / or manages the functional combination required by the upper layer channel; and / or manages the mapping relationship between upper layer channels; and / or manages the data flow of the upper layer channel and provides information on the data reception and transmission status of the user's upper layer channel on the air interface;

[0060] and / or, collecting or recording physical channel state parameters of each user when receiving and sending information on each physical channel, and obtaining measurement information of the user at the air interface;

[0061] and / or, calculating the scheduling priority of the user based on the requirements of the scheduling algorithm and combining the information of data received and sent by the user's upper layer channel on the air interface, and inserting the user into the user scheduling queue of the uplink and downlink scheduler according to the scheduling priority;

[0062] and / or, modeling and / or predicting the user's mobile location information, possible antennas serving the user, or wireless signal coverage based on the user's measurement information over the air interface;

[0063] and / or, managing pairing information of different users based on the air interface measurement information of each user, predicting the pairing relationship between different users, and generating air interface evaluation schemes of different levels for use by the scheduling algorithm;

[0064] and / or, reconstructing the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the user's measurement information on the air interface and the data reception and transmission status of the upper layer channel;

[0065] and / or, determining whether to enable or disable the MAC packet sorting function, or whether to adjust the size of the sending or receiving sorting window, based on the data transmission status on the air interface, the load of the air interface wireless resources, and the timing relationship of the air interface wireless resources;

[0066] And / or, during the MAC data forward transmission process, identify the valid data to be moved, and move the valid data from the source MAC entity to the target MAC entity, wherein the valid data includes at least one of the following data: the data MAC SDU in the MAC PDU being sent but not yet successfully sent on each HARQ Process; the data MAC SDU contained in the MAC PDU being constructed but not yet placed in the HARQ Process cache; the MAC SDU received by the MAC from the upper layer.

[0067] The total amount of data received by the MAC from the upper layer is determined based on the state parameters of the air interface data transmission, or the total amount of data sent by the MAC layer to its upper layer is determined.

[0068] Furthermore, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further comprises:

[0069] The user management function entity monitors all data information transmitted over the air interface during the operation of the MAC system, including service data packets sent by the upper layer and / or control information sent by the user over the air interface; records and calculates the data characteristics of each user sent and received, obtains the characteristic value of each service and the data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or the QoS characteristic value of air interface data transmission.

[0070] and / or, the user management function entity records characteristics of data packets sent and received by each upper layer bearer of each user, and performs statistical analysis to obtain characteristics of data reception and transmission for the same type of service; and records control information exchanged between the MAC and its upper layer for data of this type of service, and detects, through the control information used in the interaction process, characteristics of changes in the upper layer channel when the service data is sent or received;

[0071] and / or, collecting statistics on the quality of each MAC PDU sent by each user over the air interface, and calculating, based on the quality of the air interface transmission, the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface;

[0072] And / or, based on the data receiving and sending characteristics of the service and the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface, QoS parameter calculation is performed for air interface wireless resource adaptation and service data requirements.

[0073] Furthermore, according to at least one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further comprises:

[0074] The user management function entity performs a mapping process between upper layer channels and air interface connections once per TTI, and selects an air interface link for data transmission according to the characteristics of the upper layer channel data;

[0075] And / or, monitor air interface links, record the quality of each air interface link serving each user, and calculate the carrying capacity of each air interface link to select an available link for the user according to the user's needs.

[0076] And / or, for each air interface link, according to the service capability, formulate an air interface link selection plan for each user, and perform on-demand selection, dynamic adjustment and change of the air interface link according to the needs of the user.

[0077] and / or, determining the HARQ mode to be used based on the air interface timing relationship when each MAC PDU of each user is sent, the air interface delay and robustness requirements of the MAC PDU;

[0078] and / or, controlling beamforming;

[0079] And / or, based on the monitoring of the air interface link, the air interface link connection is controlled according to user needs.

[0080] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a first communication device including a transceiver and a processor, wherein:

[0081] The processor is configured to generate at least one of a radio management function entity, a UE management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler in a media access control layer, wherein:

[0082] The radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels, generates configuration information of air interface radio resources and physical channels, and provides the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler;

[0083] The user management function entity obtains at least one of the following measurement information based on each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: characteristics of transmitted and received data, air interface channel quality, user status during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority;

[0084] The service management function entity monitors the data information transmitted on the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculates measurement information of characteristic values ​​of each service, generates a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission, and provides them to the uplink and downlink scheduler;

[0085] The connection control function entity measures and obtains the following measurement information of each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; selects an air interface link based on the characteristics of data received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and, when a second communication device with an air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, performs connection management on the new air interface link;

[0086] The uplink and downlink scheduler performs at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on information provided by at least one of the radio management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity, and the connection control function entity: user scheduling, selection control and scheduling of air interface links, matching control of upper layer service QoS feature values ​​and air interface link carrying capacity, and performs scheduling control on new access links as an anchor point.

[0087] According to another aspect of the present invention, at least one embodiment provides a first communication device, comprising: a processor, a memory, and a program stored on the memory and runnable on the processor, wherein when the program is executed by the processor, at least one of a wireless management function entity, a UE management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler is generated at the media access control layer to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0088] According to another aspect of the present invention, at least one embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described above are implemented.

[0089] Compared with the prior art, the communication device, media access control layer architecture and implementation method provided by the embodiments of the present invention are

[0090] The embodiments of the present invention provide an architectural definition for endogenous AI and digital twins, and offer a solution that provides powerful computing power support for the scheduler. The embodiments of the present invention enable the scheduler to focus on the required resource allocation, thereby improving scheduling efficiency (increasing the number of users that can be scheduled per TTI, improving the accuracy of resource allocation, and improving the efficiency of resource or physical channel utilization). Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention also provide a solution for implementing the scheduler's plug-and-play functionality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0091] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. The same reference symbols are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0092] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a media access control layer architecture in the prior art;

[0093] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a media access control layer architecture provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0094] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the uplink and downlink schedulers and various functional entities according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0095] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for implementing a media access control layer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the interaction flow between management and control function modules according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a first communication device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0098] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0099] The terms "first", "second" etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable in appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein, for example, can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprise" and "have" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment comprising a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or that are intrinsic to these processes, methods, products or equipment. "And / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects.

[0100] The technology described herein is not limited to NR systems and Long Time Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, and can also be used in various wireless communication systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably. A CDMA system can implement radio technologies such as CDMA2000 and Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA). UTRA includes Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) and other CDMA variants. A TDMA system can implement radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM). OFDMA systems can implement radio technologies such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Evolution-UTRA (E-UTRA), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, and Flash-OFDM. UTRA and E-UTRA are parts of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). LTE and more advanced LTE, such as LTE-A, are new versions of UMTS that use E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A, and GSM are described in documents from an organization called the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization called the 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2).The techniques described herein may be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as for other systems and radio technologies. However, the following description describes an NR system for example, and NR terminology is used throughout the description, even though the techniques are applicable to applications beyond NR systems.

[0101] The following description provides examples and does not limit the scope, applicability, or configuration set forth in the claims. Changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. The various examples may appropriately omit, substitute, or add various procedures or components. For example, the described methods may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0102] As described in the background technology, the MAC layer in the existing technology has difficulty in achieving unified control and coordination of the entire air interface physical channel. To address the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a MAC architecture with separated management and control (sometimes referred to as control separation in this article). Through control separation, a specific implementation solution of the MAC architecture is provided.

[0103] The embodiments of the present invention achieve endogenous enhancement of the edge, that is, endogenous enhancement of the MAC function. By reconstructing, enhancing and newly establishing the MAC function, the MAC function is modularly defined from the perspective of management and control functions. Based on the deep coupling of the two, endogenous artificial intelligence (AI), flexibility and minimalist network capabilities are achieved.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a media access control layer architecture (also referred to as a media access control layer module or a media access control layer entity). The media access control layer architecture can be applied to a first communication device (or a first communication device), and specifically includes at least one of a wireless management function entity, a UE management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler.

[0105] The radio management function entity is used to perform online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels, generate configuration information of air interface radio resources and / or physical channels and provide the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler.

[0106] The user management function entity obtains and provides to the uplink and downlink scheduler at least one of the following measurement information for each user: characteristics of transmitted and received data, air interface channel quality, user status during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority. For example, the measurement information is obtained and stored on a user-by-user basis.

[0107] The service management functional entity is used to monitor the data information transmitted on the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculate the measurement information of the characteristic value of each service, generate a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic value of air interface data transmission and provide it to the uplink and downlink scheduler; for example, by recording and calculating the data characteristics of each user's transmission and reception, the measurement information of the characteristic value of each service is obtained.

[0108] The connection control function entity is used to measure and obtain the following measurement information of each user and provide it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: the reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; select the air interface link according to the data characteristics received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and, when the second communication device with air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, perform connection management on the new air interface link.

[0109] The uplink and downlink scheduler is used to perform at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on information provided by at least one of the radio management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity: user scheduling, selection control and scheduling of air interface links, matching control of upper layer service QoS feature values ​​and air interface link carrying capacity, and scheduling control of new access links as an anchor point.

[0110] Through the above architecture, the embodiment of the present invention provides an implementation solution for a MAC architecture with separated management and control.

[0111] The management plane includes the radio management function entity (Radio Management), the UE management function entity (UEManagement), and the service management function entity (Traffic Management); the control plane includes the connection control function entity (Link Control).

[0112] The management plane's primary task is to manage wireless resources, computing resources, user behavior, and service characteristics. This includes feature learning, summarization, and prediction, all of which are relatively slow compared to the air interface scheduling transmission time interval (TTI). For example, it can generate management commands applicable to N TTIs at a time, where N is greater than 1 and generally does not exceed 10 TTIs. The control plane primarily generates TTI-level air interface connection control based on each TTI's scheduling. The air interface link includes the connection between the MAC layer and the PHY layer, and the link assembly from the PHY layer to the air interface wireless signal. This includes link selection, switching, link pairing, and the selection of link functions.

[0113] That is to say, the wireless management function entity is also used to perform online simulation and arrangement of air interface wireless resources and physical channels based on a first delay scale; the uplink and downlink scheduler is also used to perform the scheduling control processing based on a second delay scale, wherein the first delay scale is greater than the second delay scale.

[0114] Optionally, the wireless management function entity is also used to subscribe to measurement information from at least one of the user management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity, and run simulations for the upper and lower schedulers and the orchestration of physical channel functions based on the received measurement information, such as performing online simulation.

[0115] The uplink and downlink scheduler is further used to receive a scheduling request for a new access link sent by the connection control function entity, and schedule the new access link, allocate resources, generate or receive and process corresponding MAC layer control packets according to the scheduling request; after the scheduling is completed, send a notification message indicating the completion of the scheduling to the connection control function entity, and update the dynamic measurement parameters during the operation of the uplink and downlink scheduler to the corresponding functional entity.

[0116] Optionally, the radio management function entity is further configured to complete radio resource and / or physical channel scheduling within a specific time period each time, wherein:

[0117] Use digital twin tools to implement endogenous digital twin functionality for MAC functions, performing online simulation of both uplink and downlink functions.

[0118] Generate an air interface resource pattern within a specific time period based on the online simulation results of the digital twin function, where the air interface resource pattern includes at least one of the following: a data packet transmission time period, a time interval for feedback on the data packet, whether to enable the mini-slot mode, generating a coexistence pattern of mini-slots and normal slots when the mini-slot mode is enabled, determining time-frequency configuration information for carrying control information, configuration of air interface radio subframes, and configuration of subcarrier spacing;

[0119] Based on the online simulation results of the digital twin functions, the processes and algorithms involved in the physical channels are combined to generate physical channels with different functions.

[0120] Optionally, the user management function entity is further configured to perform one or more of the following management: managing the reception and transmission of MAC upper layer channel data; managing the function combination required by the upper layer channel; managing the mapping relationship between upper layer channels; managing the data flow of the upper layer channel, and providing information on the data reception and transmission status of the user's upper layer channel on the air interface;

[0121] Optionally, the user management functional entity is further configured to perform one or more of the following processes:

[0122] Collect or record the physical channel state parameters of each user when receiving and sending information on each physical channel to obtain the user's measurement information on the air interface;

[0123] Calculate the user's scheduling priority based on the requirements of the scheduling algorithm and the information about the user's upper layer channel receiving and sending data on the air interface, and insert the user into the user scheduling queue of the uplink and downlink scheduler according to the scheduling priority;

[0124] Model and / or predict the user's mobile location information, possible antennas serving the user, or wireless signal coverage based on the user's measurement information over the air interface;

[0125] Based on each user's air interface measurement information, the pairing information of different users is managed, the pairing relationship between different users is predicted, and different levels of air interface evaluation schemes are generated for use by the scheduling algorithm;

[0126] Reconstruct the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the user's measurement information on the air interface and the data reception and transmission status of the upper layer channel;

[0127] Determine whether to enable or disable the MAC packet sorting function, or adjust the send or receive sorting window size, based on the data transmission status on the air interface, the load of the air interface wireless resources, and the timing relationship of the air interface wireless resources;

[0128] During the MAC data forward transmission process, the valid data to be moved is identified and moved from the source MAC entity to the target MAC entity, wherein the valid data includes at least one of the following data: the data MAC SDU in the MAC PDU being sent but not yet successfully sent on each HARQ Process; the data MAC SDU contained in the MAC PDU being constructed but not yet placed in the HARQ Process cache; the MAC SDU received by the MAC from the upper layer.

[0129] The total amount of data received by the MAC from the upper layer is determined based on the state parameters of the air interface data transmission, or the total amount of data sent by the MAC layer to its upper layer is determined.

[0130] Optionally, the user management functional entity is further configured to perform one or more of the following processes:

[0131] Monitor all data information transmitted over the air interface during the operation of the MAC system, including service data packets sent by the upper layer and / or control information sent by users over the air interface;

[0132] Record and calculate the data characteristics of each user's transmission and reception, and obtain the characteristic value of each service and the data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or the QoS characteristic value of air interface data transmission.

[0133] Record the characteristics of data packets sent and received by each upper-layer bearer of each user, and perform statistical analysis to obtain the data reception and transmission characteristics of the same type of services;

[0134] Records the control information exchanged between the MAC and its upper layer for this type of service data, and uses the control information used in the interaction process to detect the changing characteristics of the upper layer channel when the service data is sent or received;

[0135] The air interface transmission quality of each MAC PDU sent by each user is collected. Based on the air interface transmission quality, the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide for each type of service data is calculated.

[0136] Based on the data receiving and sending characteristics of the service and the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface, QoS parameter calculation is performed for air interface wireless resource adaptation and service data requirements.

[0137] Optionally, the user management functional entity is further configured to perform one or more of the following processes:

[0138] The mapping process between upper-layer channels and air interface connections is performed once every TTI. The air interface link is selected for data transmission based on the characteristics of the upper-layer channel data.

[0139] Monitor air interface links, record the quality of each air interface link serving each user, and calculate the carrying capacity of each air interface link to select available links for users based on their needs.

[0140] For each air interface link, according to the service capabilities, an air interface link selection plan for each user is formulated, and the air interface link is selected, dynamically adjusted and changed according to the needs of the user.

[0141] Determine the HARQ mode to use based on the air interface timing relationship between each MAC PDU sent by each user, the air interface latency of the MAC PDU, and the robustness requirements;

[0142] Control beamforming;

[0143] Based on the monitoring of air interface links, the air interface link connection is controlled according to user needs.

[0144] From the above structure, we can see that Figure 2In the overall functional diagram of the media access control layer architecture shown in the figure, the UE management functional entity (UE Management) mainly focuses on the user context (UE Context) and the characterization of the UE air interface behavior model; the service management functional entity (Traffic Management) mainly models the services that have been supported, including historical and real-time ongoing services.

[0145] Below Figure 2 The main functional modules of each functional entity in the system are introduced separately. Figure 2 For simplicity, each functional module is labeled using its functional name. For example, air interface radio resource mode orchestration represents the air interface radio resource mode orchestration functional module, physical channel orchestration represents the physical channel orchestration functional module, and so on.

[0146] 1. Radio Management: This entity performs online simulation and orchestration of air interface radio resources and physical channels, enabling semi-dynamic and large-latency management. Specifically, it includes:

[0147] 1.1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Digital Twin (DT) Online Simulation Function Module (AI & DT for UL and DL): Using digital twin tools, this module implements an internal digital twin function for the MAC function through zero measurement reporting, allowing for online simulation of both uplink and downlink functions. AI or non-AI algorithms are introduced within the digital twin function, and the MAC and physical layer (PHY) functions in the uplink and downlink directions are simulated using the data currently being processed by the MAC and PHY systems. This allows for online training of AI algorithms or performance testing of non-AI algorithms. Once the algorithms mature, the MAC and PHY functions in the uplink and downlink directions are enhanced.

[0148] Here, online means: embedding the digital twin system into a real system and running it, and using the data information used or processed during the operation of the MAC and PHY systems.

[0149] 1.2. Radio Pattern Orchestration: This module generates the system's air interface resource pattern within a specific timeframe based on DT online simulation. For example, it determines the uplink or downlink direction of the time slot (determines the time slot direction of target X) based on the current system data packet transmission and reception characteristics and service QoS characteristics at the air interface, and determines the time interval for transmission and feedback. It also determines whether to enable the Mini Slot mode. If so, it generates a coexistence pattern of Mini Slots and normal slots. It also determines the combination pattern of various air interface radio resources, including the time-frequency configuration information for carrying control information, the configuration of air interface radio subframes, and the configuration combination of subcarrier spacing.

[0150] 1.3. Physical Channel Orchestration: Based on DT online simulation, the algorithms and steps used in each step of the physical channel are combined to implement physical channels with different functions. For example, by determining the coding method (Turbo code, Polar code, LDCP code, etc.) for a physical channel, physical channel functions that support different data transmission requirements can be implemented. For example, different random access (RA) channel combinations can be selected.

[0151] 1.4. Semi-dynamic and Large-Delay Management: The radio management module schedules radio resources or physical channels for a specific time period. For example, scheduling is done in units of time, such as a radio frame (10ms), a radio half-frame (5ms), or a radio subframe (1ms). Dynamic and real-time control is performed by the MAC scheduler within each Transmission Time Interval (TTI).

[0152] 2. User Management Functional Entity (UE Management): Monitors, records, and calculates the data characteristics of each user, air interface channel quality, user status during air interface interaction, scheduling priority, etc. Information storage and processing is based on the user (UE). The user management functional entity specifically includes:

[0153] 2.1. Upper Layer Channel Mapping Management Function Module: In addition to the mapping control functions of logical channels and transport channels in the prior art (as described in the background technology), it also manages the data reception and transmission of MAC upper layer (protocol layers above the MAC layer) channels (such as logical channels, radio bearers, IP flows, QoS flows, or RLC channels) (including data transmission and reception pattern perception and modeling); manages the functional combinations required by upper layer channels (flexibly combines functions within the RRC signaling configuration range) to support data transmission needs; manages the mapping relationship between upper layer channels (within the RRC signaling configuration range) to achieve on-demand signaling mapping; manages the data traffic of upper layer channels and provides information on data reception and transmission of each upper layer channel at the air interface.

[0154] 2.2. Physical Channel Quality Measurement Functional Module (PHY Channel Quality Management for UE): Collects and records the physical channel status parameters of each user when receiving and sending information on each physical channel, including agreed-upon measurements, user-defined measurements, and tracking logs of physical channel reception and transmission; calculates and processes the measurement information.

[0155] 2.3. User Scheduling Priority Management Function Module (Management of UEs' Scheduling Priority): Based on the requirements of different scheduling algorithms and the collected, received, and transmitted status of each upper-layer channel of the user, the user's scheduling priority is calculated, and the user is inserted into the scheduler's user scheduling queue according to the scheduling priority.

[0156] 2.4. The Monitor and Depiction of UEs' Behavior over Uu module: Based on the user's air interface measurement information, the module models and predicts the user's mobile location information, possible antennas serving the user, or wireless signal coverage (e.g., beam).

[0157] 2.5. User MU-MIMO Management Functional Module (Management of UEs for MU-MIMO): Based on each user's air interface measurement information, it manages the pairing information of different users, predicts the pairing relationships between different users, and forms multiple performance evaluation schemes (such as good, medium, and poor) for use by the scheduling algorithm.

[0158] 2.6. MAC PDU Reconstruction Function Module: Reconstructs the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the user's air interface channel quality and upper-layer data reception and transmission status, including discarding obsolete MAC CE, changing the size of MAC SDU, and reorganizing MAC PDU.

[0159] 2.7. Order Control of MAC SDU: MAC determines whether to enable or disable the MAC packet sorting function, or whether to adjust the size of the send or receive sorting window, based on the data transmission status on the air interface, the load of the air interface wireless resources, and the timing relationship of the air interface wireless resources, thereby achieving real-time adjustment of the sorting control of MAC packets during air interface transmission.

[0160] 2.8. MAC Data Forwarding Functional Module: Completes the transfer of valid MAC layer data from the source MAC entity to the target MAC entity. Before data transfer, it completes the identification of valid data, which includes: data MAC SDUs in MAC PDUs that are being sent but not yet successfully sent in each HARQ process (HARQ process), data MAC SDUs contained in MAC PDUs that are being constructed but not yet placed in the HARQ process buffer, and MAC SDUs received by the MAC from upper layers.

[0161] 2.9. Buffer Occupancy Control Function Module (BO Controlling): Determines the total amount of data received by the MAC from the upper layer based on the state parameters of air interface data transmission; or determines the total amount of data sent by the MAC to its upper layer.

[0162] 3. Traffic Management: Monitors all data transmitted over the air interface during the operation of the MAC system, including service data packets sent by the upper layer and control information sent by users over the air interface. It records and calculates the data characteristics of each user's transmission and reception, obtains the characteristic values ​​of each service, and ultimately obtains the data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or the QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission. This traffic management function specifically includes:

[0163] 3.1. Data Probing from Upper Layers: This module records the characteristics of data packets sent and received by each upper layer bearer for each user, performs statistical analysis, and summarizes the data reception and transmission patterns for the same type of service. It also records the control information exchanged between the MAC and its upper layers for this type of service data, such as MAC CEs sent by the MAC, flow control information sent by the upper layer, and link selection information sent by the upper layer. Using this control information, it detects (analyzes) the changing characteristics of the upper layer channel when service data is sent or received.

[0164] 3.3. QoS Monitoring over Uu: This module collects statistics on the air interface transmission quality of each MAC PDU sent by each user, including air interface retransmission latency, air interface transmission bit rate, air interface feedback latency, and air interface BLER. Based on air interface transmission quality, it calculates the QoS assurance capabilities of each type of service data when sent over the air interface, such as maximum latency, minimum latency, error rate, bit rate, and maximum, minimum, and average packet sizes.

[0165] 3.6 Data QoS Adapting between Upper Layers & Uu: Based on 3.1 Upper Layer Data Detection and 3.3 Air Interface QoS Monitoring, this module calculates QoS parameters for air interface wireless resource adaptation and service data requirements. For example, after the introduction of slicing in the Non-Access Stratum (NAS), the performance support of end-to-end slicing on the air interface requires the MAC to formulate a set of QoS feature values ​​or parameters that adapt to the slicing requirements and air interface capabilities based on the actual air interface capabilities, the characteristics of actual data transmission, and the definition of the slice itself.

[0166] 4. Connection control function entity (Link Control): monitors the reception and transmission quality of each air interface link (PHY Link) of each user, and implements the air interface link selection function based on the data characteristics received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality. When a device with air interface link function is connected to the device, the connection management of the new air interface link is completed. Air interface link (PHY Link): refers to the logical link between the MAC of the transmitter and the MAC of the receiver, which consists of three parts: the link between MAC-PHY, the PHY physical link, and the air interface wireless signal, namely the link between MAC-PHY and the PHY physical link at the transmitter, the air interface wireless signal for sending and receiving, and the link between the peer MAC-PHY and the PHY physical link at the receiver. The connection control function entity specifically includes:

[0167] 4.1 Mapping Control for Upper Layers to PHY Links: This module performs mapping of upper layer channels to air interface connections every TTI. Based on the characteristics of the upper layer channel data, it selects the appropriate air interface link for data transmission. The selected air interface link can be a different beam, a physical channel in a different cell, or a physical channel or link between different base stations. In short, it flexibly selects any available air interface link based on data characteristics and the user's reception and transmission quality on different air interface links.

[0168] 4.2. Monitor for PHY Link: This module records the quality of each air interface link serving each user, including data transmission quality, RSRP, neighboring cell interference, central coverage area, edge coverage area, number of users currently being carried, and average bit rate of radio resources. It calculates the carrying capacity of each air interface link (including the maximum bit rate of the radio resource, the maximum number of users carried, and guaranteed user service QoS requirements) and selects available links based on user needs.

[0169] 4.3. Scheduling for PHY Link: For each air interface link, a user-specific air interface link selection plan is developed based on service capabilities. Air interface links are selected, dynamically adjusted, and changed based on user needs.

[0170] 4.4. HARQ Control Function Module: Determines the HARQ mode to be used based on the air interface timing relationship when each MAC PDU is sent by each user, the air interface delay and robustness requirements of the MAC PDU, including asynchronous HARQ, synchronous HARQ, or the asynchronous mode or synchronous mode of the HARQ process sending the MAC PDU, or the size setting of the sending soft buffer and receiving soft buffer of the HARQ process sending the MAC PDU.

[0171] 4.5 Beamforming Control Functional Module: This module controls static and dynamic beams, as well as public and dedicated beams. This includes beam width control, beam direction control, and beam scanning speed control. Beam management, as a means of controlling air interface connections, switches static beams based on the user's actual status (mobility, service requirements, etc.). For dynamic beams, the module adjusts the number of beams serving a user based on user needs. For public beams, the module modulates beam width and direction based on air interface coverage requirements.

[0172] 4.6. Connection Control of PHY Link

[0173] Based on the monitoring of the above-mentioned air interface link, the air interface link connection is controlled according to the user's needs, and plug-and-play is realized. When a device with air interface link function is connected to the device with MAC function, the MAC between the two performs an interactive handshake to establish identity recognition and message interaction mode, and at the same time realizes the rapid startup of service functions. After the air interface link is established, the control module needs to report the new link to the upper layer for reporting. When the air interface link is released, the control module needs to report the new air interface link to the upper layer for cancellation.

[0174] 5. The UL / DL Scheduler:

[0175] Taking the operation of the uplink and downlink scheduler as an example, based on the information provided by the aforementioned control functions, in addition to user scheduling, this includes air interface link selection and scheduling, matching upper-layer service QoS characteristics with air interface link carrying capacity, and acting as an anchor to control the connection of new access links. The uplink and downlink scheduler primarily performs real-time scheduling and control within each TTI.

[0176] The four basic management and control functional entities—radio management, UE management, service management (also known as service or data management), and connection control management—provide the uplink and downlink schedulers with the resource information, link information, service information, and user information required for scheduling. By integrating AI, digital twins, big data, and other DICT (Data, Intelligence, and Communication Technology) technologies into these four basic management and control functions, the convergence of the various prerequisites required for scheduling by the scheduler is accelerated, allowing the scheduler to focus its primary computing power on user selection and resource allocation during real-time scheduling.

[0177] The four basic control functions—radio management, UE management, service management, and connection control—have lower real-time requirements (time constraints) than the uplink and downlink schedulers. The time constraint for radio management can be greater than 10 times the TTI (Threshold 1). User management, service, or data management functions are data- or time-driven. When user information or page data packets need to be processed, the relevant functions are activated to handle these tasks. The corresponding time constraint typically does not exceed 10 times the TTI (Threshold 2). Connection control is timing-driven to accurately monitor air interface channel dynamics. The corresponding time constraint is multiple consecutive uplink or downlink TTIs. The scheduler's time constraint is the TTI.

[0178] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the relationship between the uplink and downlink scheduler and the control separation functional entity is provided. The uplink and downlink scheduler adds plug-and-play control (Plug and Play Controlling) to functions such as random access (RA), user selection (UE Collection), and uplink and downlink resource allocation (UL / DL Transport Format Resource Control, UL / DL TFRC, representing transport format resource control, i.e., resource allocation).

[0179] The plug-and-play control module (Plug and Play Controlling), as part of the uplink and downlink scheduler, controls the RA selection and control of users on newly added links (whether the RA process can be performed, preamble selection, contention and non-contention indication, RA-RNTI selection, and power control during the RA process) based on the connection control instructions. It also controls user synchronization maintenance on newly added links (TA: Time Alignment configuration or measurement process, or maintenance by sending heartbeat packets), controls whether newly added links can be used as wireless resources for the currently scheduled users, and determines whether newly added links are available.

[0180] Based on the above media access control layer architecture, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing a media access control layer, which is applied to a first communication device. The media access control layer includes a radio management function entity, a user (UE) management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler. The implementation method includes: Figure 4 At least one of the steps shown:

[0181] In step 41, the radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement on the air interface radio resources and physical channels, generates configuration information of the air interface radio resources and / or physical channels, and provides the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler.

[0182] In step 42, the user management function entity obtains at least one of the following measurement information for each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: characteristics of transmitted and received data, air interface channel quality, user status during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority. For example, the measurement information is obtained and stored on a user-by-user basis.

[0183] In step 43, the service management function entity monitors the data information transmitted over the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculates the measurement information of the characteristic values ​​of each service, generates a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission, and provides them to the uplink and downlink scheduler.

[0184] In step 44, the connection control function entity measures and obtains the following measurement information of each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: the reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; selects the air interface link according to the data characteristics received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and when the second communication device with air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, performs connection management on the new air interface link.

[0185] In step 45, the uplink and downlink scheduler performs at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on the information provided by at least one of the wireless management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity, and the connection control function entity: user scheduling, air interface link selection control and scheduling, upper layer service QoS feature value and air interface link carrying capacity matching control, and serves as an anchor point (Anchor) to perform scheduling control on the new access link.

[0186] In the above method, the wireless management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface wireless resources and physical channels based on a first delay scale; the uplink and downlink scheduler performs the scheduling control processing based on a second delay scale, wherein the first delay scale is greater than the second delay scale.

[0187] Specifically, the wireless management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface wireless resources and physical channels, including:

[0188] The radio management function entity subscribes to measurement information from at least one of the user management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity, and runs online simulation for the up and down schedulers and orchestration of physical channel functions according to the received measurement information.

[0189] Specifically, the uplink and downlink scheduler performs scheduling control on the new access link, including:

[0190] The uplink and downlink scheduler receives a scheduling request for a new access link sent by the connection control function entity, and schedules the new access link, allocates resources, and generates or receives and processes a corresponding MAC layer control packet according to the scheduling request;

[0191] After the scheduling is completed, the uplink and downlink scheduler sends a notification message indicating the scheduling completion to the connection control function entity, and updates the dynamic measurement parameters during the operation of the uplink and downlink scheduler to the corresponding function entity.

[0192] Specifically, the radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement on the air interface radio resources and physical channels to generate configuration information of the air interface radio resources and physical channels, including:

[0193] The radio management function entity completes radio resource and / or physical channel scheduling within a specific time period each time, wherein:

[0194] Use digital twin tools to implement endogenous digital twin functionality for MAC functions, performing online simulation of both uplink and downlink functions.

[0195] Generate an air interface resource pattern within a specific time period based on the online simulation results of the digital twin function, where the air interface resource pattern includes at least one of the following: a data packet transmission time period, a time interval for feedback on the data packet, whether to enable the mini-slot mode, generating a coexistence pattern of mini-slots and normal slots when the mini-slot mode is enabled, determining time-frequency configuration information for carrying control information, configuration of air interface radio subframes, and configuration of subcarrier spacing;

[0196] Based on the online simulation results of the digital twin functions, the processes and algorithms involved in the physical channels are combined to generate physical channels with different functions.

[0197] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0198] The user management function entity performs at least one of the following management: managing the reception and transmission of MAC upper layer channel data; managing the function combination required by the upper layer channel; managing the mapping relationship between upper layer channels; managing the data flow of the upper layer channel, and providing information on the data reception and transmission status of the user's upper layer channel on the air interface;

[0199] The user management function entity performs at least one of the following processes:

[0200] Collect or record the physical channel state parameters of each user when receiving and sending information on each physical channel to obtain the user's measurement information on the air interface;

[0201] Calculate the user's scheduling priority based on the requirements of the scheduling algorithm and the information about the user's upper layer channel receiving and sending data on the air interface, and insert the user into the user scheduling queue of the uplink and downlink scheduler according to the scheduling priority;

[0202] Model and / or predict the user's mobile location information, possible antennas serving the user, or wireless signal coverage based on the user's measurement information over the air interface;

[0203] Based on each user's air interface measurement information, the pairing information of different users is managed, the pairing relationship between different users is predicted, and different levels of air interface evaluation schemes are generated for use by the scheduling algorithm;

[0204] Reconstruct the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the user's measurement information on the air interface and the data reception and transmission status of the upper layer channel;

[0205] Determine whether to enable or disable the MAC packet sorting function, or adjust the send or receive sorting window size, based on the data transmission status on the air interface, the load of the air interface wireless resources, and the timing relationship of the air interface wireless resources;

[0206] During the MAC data forward transmission process, the valid data to be moved is identified and moved from the source MAC entity to the target MAC entity, wherein the valid data includes at least one of the following data: the data MAC SDU in the MAC PDU being sent but not yet successfully sent on each HARQ Process; the data MAC SDU contained in the MAC PDU being constructed but not yet placed in the HARQ Process cache; the MAC SDU received by the MAC from the upper layer.

[0207] The total amount of data received by the MAC from the upper layer is determined based on the state parameters of the air interface data transmission, or the total amount of data sent by the MAC layer to its upper layer is determined.

[0208] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0209] The user management function entity monitors all data information transmitted over the air interface during the operation of the MAC system, including service data packets sent by the upper layer and / or control information sent by the user over the air interface; records and calculates the data characteristics of each user sent and received, obtains the characteristic value of each service and the data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or the QoS characteristic value of air interface data transmission.

[0210] The user management function entity further performs at least one of the following processes:

[0211] Record the characteristics of data packets sent and received by each upper-layer bearer for each user, and perform statistical analysis to obtain the data transmission and reception characteristics of the same type of service. Also, record the control information exchanged between the MAC and its upper layer for this type of service data, and use the control information used in the interaction process to detect the changing characteristics of the upper-layer channel when the service data is sent or received.

[0212] The air interface transmission quality of each MAC PDU sent by each user is collected. Based on the air interface transmission quality, the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide for each type of service data is calculated.

[0213] Based on the data receiving and sending characteristics of the service and the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface, QoS parameter calculation is performed for air interface wireless resource adaptation and service data requirements.

[0214] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0215] The user management function entity further performs at least one of the following processes:

[0216] The mapping process between upper-layer channels and air interface connections is performed once every TTI. The air interface link is selected for data transmission based on the characteristics of the upper-layer channel data.

[0217] Monitor air interface links, record the quality of each air interface link serving each user, and calculate the carrying capacity of each air interface link to select available links for users based on their needs.

[0218] For each air interface link, according to the service capabilities, an air interface link selection plan for each user is formulated, and the air interface link is selected, dynamically adjusted and changed according to the needs of the user.

[0219] Determine the HARQ mode to use based on the air interface timing relationship between each MAC PDU sent by each user, the air interface latency of the MAC PDU, and the robustness requirements;

[0220] Control beamforming;

[0221] Based on the monitoring of air interface links, the air interface link connection is controlled according to user needs.

[0222] Figure 5The interaction process between management and control functional modules is provided. The Radio Management functional entity mainly performs online simulation and orchestration of air interface radio resources and physical channels, and implements semi-dynamic and large-latency management. Therefore, the Radio Management functional module mainly performs slow control processes (for example, on the order of 10ms). The process mainly includes the following steps:

[0223] In step 51, Radio Management subscribes to various measurement messages (Mextrics Subscription) for the three functional entities: UE Management, Traffic Management, and Link Control. Based on the received measurement information, the Radio Management functional entity runs online simulation for the scheduler and orchestrates physical channel functions.

[0224] In step 52, the Radio Management (RM) function drives the DL / UL Scheduler to perform scheduling (DT driving DL / UL Scheduling). The RM sends the optimization results of the online simulation to the DL / UL Scheduler to accelerate its convergence. Simultaneously, the DL / UL Scheduler also feeds back information from the operation process to the RM.

[0225] Step 53: Updating the information based on the dynamic data streams and UE contexts for the UE Management, Traffic Management, and Link Control functional entities. The information stored in the three functional entities is updated based on various information, such as the data transmitted by each UE, the state parameters of the UE during operation, and the status of various cell connections.

[0226] Step 54 : Plug and Play driving the scheduler to schedule the new connection, including allocating resources for transmitting information, generating or receiving and processing corresponding MAC layer control packets, etc.

[0227] Step 55: Scheduling quick link controlling: After receiving the request from the link control functional entity, the uplink and downlink schedulers schedule the link control, allocate resources, send and receive control packets, and process them.

[0228] Step 56: Plug and Play Finished: After the uplink and downlink schedulers complete the scheduling and information processing, they send a notification message of plug and play completion to the Link Control functional entity.

[0229] In step 57 , the uplink and downlink schedulers update the dynamic measurement parameters during the scheduler operation into the corresponding control function entity (the scheduler pushing the dynamic metrics).

[0230] From the above, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention proposes four basic functional entities for MAC control separation, and provides specific solutions for the logical relationship between the four basic functional entities and the uplink and downlink schedulers, their respective time constraint thresholds, and the implementation of the newly added plug-and-play control function of the uplink and downlink schedulers.

[0231] Typically, the MAC control separation function is set on the network side, not on the terminal side. However, in the 6G era, with the research on flexible networks, the terminal-side MAC may also need to have these functions when serving as an anchor. In addition, with the application of AI federated learning algorithms, the terminal side will also have the ability to make independent judgments. Therefore, the above-mentioned architecture of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to either the network side or the terminal side.

[0232] Based on the above architecture, the embodiments of the present invention provide an architectural definition for endogenous AI and digital twins, and provide a solution for providing powerful computing power support for the scheduler. The embodiments of the present invention can enable the scheduler to focus on the required resource allocation, thereby improving scheduling efficiency (increasing the number of users that can be scheduled per TTI, improving the accuracy of resource allocation, and improving the efficiency of resource or physical channel utilization). In addition, the embodiments of the present invention also provide a solution for implementing the plug-and-play function of the scheduler.

[0233] The above describes various methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The following further provides apparatuses for implementing the above methods.

[0234] Please refer to Figure 6 The embodiment of the present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a first communication device, including: a processor 601, a transceiver 602, a memory 603 and a bus interface, wherein:

[0235] In this embodiment of the present invention, the network-side device further includes: a program stored in the memory 603 and executable on the processor 601. When the program is executed by the processor 601, at least one of a radio management function entity, a user (UE) management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler is generated in the media access control layer to implement at least one of the following steps:

[0236] The radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement on the air interface radio resources and physical channels, generates configuration information of the air interface radio resources and physical channels, and provides the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler.

[0237] The user management function entity obtains and provides to the uplink and downlink scheduler at least one of the following measurement information for each user: characteristics of transmitted and received data, air interface channel quality, user status during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority. For example, the measurement information is obtained and stored on a user-by-user basis.

[0238] The service management function entity monitors the data information transmitted over the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculates measurement information of the characteristic values ​​of each service, generates a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission and provides them to the uplink and downlink scheduler.

[0239] The connection control function entity measures and obtains the following measurement information of each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: the reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; selects the air interface link according to the data characteristics received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and when the second communication device with air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, performs connection management on the new air interface link.

[0240] The uplink and downlink scheduler performs at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on information provided by at least one of the radio management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity: user scheduling, selection control and scheduling of air interface links, matching control of upper layer service QoS feature values ​​and air interface link carrying capacity, and performs scheduling control on new access links as an anchor point.

[0241] Optionally, when executing the program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0242] The radio management function entity subscribes to measurement information from at least one of the user management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity, and runs online simulation for the up and down schedulers and orchestration of physical channel functions according to the received measurement information.

[0243] Optionally, when executing the program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0244] The uplink and downlink scheduler receives a scheduling request for a new access link sent by the connection control function entity, and schedules the new access link, allocates resources, and generates or receives and processes a corresponding MAC layer control packet according to the scheduling request;

[0245] After the scheduling is completed, the uplink and downlink scheduler sends a notification message indicating the scheduling completion to the connection control function entity, and updates the dynamic measurement parameters during the operation of the uplink and downlink scheduler to the corresponding function entity.

[0246] Optionally, when executing the program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0247] The radio management function entity completes radio resource and / or physical channel scheduling within a specific time period each time, wherein:

[0248] Use digital twin tools to implement endogenous digital twin functionality for MAC functions, performing online simulation of both uplink and downlink functions.

[0249] Generate an air interface resource pattern within a specific time period based on the online simulation results of the digital twin function, where the air interface resource pattern includes at least one of the following: a data packet transmission time period, a time interval for feedback on the data packet, whether to enable the mini-slot mode, generating a coexistence pattern of mini-slots and normal slots when the mini-slot mode is enabled, determining time-frequency configuration information for carrying control information, configuration of air interface radio subframes, and configuration of subcarrier spacing;

[0250] Based on the online simulation results of the digital twin functions, the processes and algorithms involved in the physical channels are combined to generate physical channels with different functions.

[0251] Optionally, when executing the program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0252] The user management function entity performs at least one of the following management: managing the reception and transmission of MAC upper layer channel data; managing the function combination required by the upper layer channel; managing the mapping relationship between upper layer channels; managing the data flow of the upper layer channel, and providing information on the data reception and transmission status of the user's upper layer channel on the air interface;

[0253] The user management function entity performs at least one of the following processes:

[0254] Collect or record the physical channel state parameters of each user when receiving and sending information on each physical channel to obtain the user's measurement information on the air interface;

[0255] Calculate the user's scheduling priority based on the requirements of the scheduling algorithm and the information about the user's upper layer channel receiving and sending data on the air interface, and insert the user into the user scheduling queue of the uplink and downlink scheduler according to the scheduling priority;

[0256] Model and / or predict the user's mobile location information, possible antennas serving the user, or wireless signal coverage based on the user's measurement information over the air interface;

[0257] Based on each user's air interface measurement information, the pairing information of different users is managed, the pairing relationship between different users is predicted, and different levels of air interface evaluation schemes are generated for use by the scheduling algorithm;

[0258] Reconstruct the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the user's measurement information on the air interface and the data reception and transmission status of the upper layer channel;

[0259] Determine whether to enable or disable the MAC packet sorting function, or adjust the send or receive sorting window size, based on the data transmission status on the air interface, the load of the air interface wireless resources, and the timing relationship of the air interface wireless resources;

[0260] During the MAC data forward transmission process, the valid data to be moved is identified and moved from the source MAC entity to the target MAC entity, wherein the valid data includes at least one of the following data: the data MAC SDU in the MAC PDU being sent but not yet successfully sent on each HARQ Process; the data MAC SDU contained in the MAC PDU being constructed but not yet placed in the HARQ Process cache; the MAC SDU received by the MAC from the upper layer.

[0261] The total amount of data received by the MAC from the upper layer is determined based on the state parameters of the air interface data transmission, or the total amount of data sent by the MAC layer to its upper layer is determined.

[0262] Optionally, when executing the program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0263] The user management function entity further performs at least one of the following processes:

[0264] Monitor all data transmitted over the air interface during MAC system operation, including service packets sent by upper layers and / or control information sent by users over the air interface. Record and calculate the characteristics of data sent and received by each user, deriving characteristic values ​​for each service and a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristics for air interface data transmission.

[0265] The user management function entity records the characteristics of data packets sent and received by each upper layer bearer of each user, and performs statistical analysis to obtain the data reception and transmission characteristics of the same type of service; and records the control information exchanged between the MAC and its upper layer for the data of this type of service, and uses the control information used in the interaction process to detect the change characteristics of the upper layer channel when the service data is sent or received;

[0266] The air interface transmission quality of each MAC PDU sent by each user is collected. Based on the air interface transmission quality, the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide for each type of service data is calculated.

[0267] Based on the data receiving and sending characteristics of the service and the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface, QoS parameter calculation is performed for air interface wireless resource adaptation and service data requirements.

[0268] Optionally, when executing the program, the processor further implements the following steps:

[0269] The user management function entity further performs at least one of the following processes:

[0270] The mapping process between upper-layer channels and air interface connections is performed once every TTI. The air interface link is selected for data transmission based on the characteristics of the upper-layer channel data.

[0271] Monitor air interface links, record the quality of each air interface link serving each user, and calculate the carrying capacity of each air interface link to select available links for users based on their needs.

[0272] For each air interface link, according to the service capabilities, an air interface link selection plan for each user is formulated, and the air interface link is selected, dynamically adjusted and changed according to the needs of the user.

[0273] Determine the HARQ mode to use based on the air interface timing relationship between each MAC PDU sent by each user, the air interface latency of the MAC PDU, and the robustness requirements;

[0274] Control beamforming;

[0275] Based on the monitoring of air interface links, the air interface link connection is controlled according to user needs.

[0276] It is understandable that in the embodiment of the present invention, when the computer program is executed by the processor 601, the above Figure 4 The various processes of the method embodiment shown can achieve the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0277] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present invention, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits such as one or more processors represented by processor 601 and memory represented by memory 603. The bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore not further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 602 can be multiple components, namely, a transmitter and a receiver, providing a means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium.

[0278] The processor 601 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 603 can store data used by the processor 601 when performing operations.

[0279] It should be noted that the device in this embodiment is the same as the above Figure 4 The device corresponding to the method shown in the embodiment is applicable to the implementation methods in the above embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects. In the device, the transceiver 602 and the memory 603, as well as the transceiver 602 and the processor 601, can be communicatively connected via a bus interface. The functions of the processor 601 can also be implemented by the transceiver 602, and the functions of the transceiver 602 can also be implemented by the processor 601. It should be noted that the above-mentioned device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can implement all the method steps implemented by the above-mentioned method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects. The parts and beneficial effects of this embodiment that are the same as those of the method embodiment will not be detailed here.

[0280] In some embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, on which a program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, at least one of a radio management function entity, a UE management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler is generated at a media access control layer to implement at least one of the following steps:

[0281] The radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement on the air interface radio resources and physical channels, generates configuration information of the air interface radio resources and physical channels, and provides the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler.

[0282] The user management function entity obtains at least one of the following measurement information based on each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: characteristics of transmitted and received data, air interface channel quality, user status during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority.

[0283] The service management function entity monitors the data information transmitted over the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculates measurement information of the characteristic values ​​of each service, generates a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission and provides them to the uplink and downlink scheduler.

[0284] The connection control function entity measures and obtains the following measurement information of each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: the reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; selects the air interface link according to the data characteristics received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and when the second communication device with air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, performs connection management on the new air interface link.

[0285] The uplink and downlink scheduler performs at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on information provided by at least one of the radio management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity: user scheduling, selection control and scheduling of air interface links, matching control of upper layer service QoS feature values ​​and air interface link carrying capacity, and performs scheduling control on new access links as an anchor point.

[0286] When the program is executed by the processor, it can implement all the implementation methods of the above-mentioned media access control layer implementation method and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0287] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0288] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0289] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0290] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0291] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0292] If the functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or the portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, ROM, RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0293] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A media access control layer device, applied to a first communication device, characterized in that: The media access control layer device includes a radio management function entity, a user management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity and an uplink and downlink scheduler, wherein: The radio management function entity is used to simulate air interface radio resources and physical channels, generate configuration information of air interface radio resources and physical channels, and provide the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler; The user management function entity obtains at least one of the following measurement information based on each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: characteristics of data sent and received, status of the user during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority; The service management function entity is configured to monitor data information transmitted over the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculate measurement information of characteristic values ​​of each service, generate a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission, and provide the model to the uplink and downlink scheduler; The connection control function entity is configured to measure and obtain the following measurement information of each user and provide it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; select an air interface link based on the characteristics of data received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and, when a second communication device with an air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, perform connection management on the new air interface link; The uplink and downlink scheduler is used to perform at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on information provided by at least one of the radio management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity: selection control and scheduling of air interface links, matching control of upper layer service QoS feature values ​​and air interface link carrying capacity, and scheduling control of new access links as an anchor point.

2. The media access control layer device according to claim 1, wherein: The radio management function entity is further configured to perform online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels based on the first delay metric; The uplink and downlink scheduler is further configured to perform the scheduling control process based on a second delay scale, wherein the first delay scale is greater than the second delay scale.

3. The media access control layer device according to claim 1, wherein: The wireless management function entity is further configured to subscribe to measurement information from at least one of the user management function entity, the service management function entity, and the connection control function entity, and to run simulation for the up / down scheduler and orchestration of physical channel functions based on the received subscribed measurement information.

4. The media access control layer device according to claim 1, wherein: The uplink and downlink scheduler is further used to receive a scheduling request for a new access link sent by the connection control function entity, and schedule the new access link, allocate resources, generate or receive and process corresponding MAC layer control packets according to the scheduling request; after the scheduling is completed, send a notification message indicating the completion of the scheduling to the connection control function entity, and update the dynamic measurement parameters during the operation of the uplink and downlink scheduler to the corresponding functional entity.

5. The media access control layer device according to claim 1, wherein: The radio management function entity is further configured to complete radio resource and / or physical channel scheduling within a specific time period each time, wherein: Use digital twin tools to implement endogenous digital twin functionality for MAC functions, performing online simulation of both uplink and downlink functions. Generate an air interface resource pattern within a specific time period based on the online simulation results of the digital twin function, where the air interface resource pattern includes at least one of the following: a data packet transmission time period, a time interval for feedback on the data packet, whether to enable the mini-slot mode, generating a coexistence pattern of mini-slots and normal slots when the mini-slot mode is enabled, determining time-frequency configuration information for carrying control information, configuration of air interface radio subframes, and configuration of subcarrier spacing; Based on the online simulation results of the digital twin functions, the processes and algorithms involved in the physical channels are combined to generate physical channels with different functions.

6. The media access control layer device according to claim 1, wherein: The user management function entity is further used to manage the reception and transmission of MAC upper layer channel data; and / or, to manage the functional combination required by the upper layer channel; and / or, to manage the mapping relationship between upper layer channels; and / or, to manage the data flow of the upper layer channel and provide information on the data reception and transmission status of the user's upper layer channel on the air interface; and / or, collecting or recording physical channel state parameters of each user when receiving and sending information on each physical channel, and obtaining measurement information of the user at the air interface; and / or, calculating the scheduling priority of the user based on the requirements of the scheduling algorithm and combining the information of data received and sent by the user's upper layer channel on the air interface, and inserting the user into the user scheduling queue of the uplink and downlink scheduler according to the scheduling priority; and / or, modeling and / or predicting the user's mobile location information, possible antennas serving the user, or wireless signal coverage based on the user's measurement information over the air interface; and / or, managing pairing information of different users based on the air interface measurement information of each user, predicting the pairing relationship between different users, and generating air interface evaluation schemes of different levels for use by the scheduling algorithm; and / or, reconstructing the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the user's measurement information on the air interface and the data reception and transmission status of the upper layer channel; and / or, determining whether to enable or disable the MAC packet sorting function, or whether to adjust the size of the sending or receiving sorting window, based on the data transmission status on the air interface, the load of the air interface wireless resources, and the timing relationship of the air interface wireless resources; and / or, during the MAC data forward transmission process, identifying valid data to be moved, and moving the valid data from the source MAC entity to the target MAC entity, wherein the valid data includes at least one of the following data: a data MAC SDU in a MAC PDU being sent but not yet successfully sent on each HARQ Process; a data MAC SDU contained in a MAC PDU being constructed but not yet placed in the HARQ Process buffer; a MAC SDU received by the MAC from an upper layer; And / or, based on the state parameter of air interface data transmission, determine the total amount of data received by the MAC from the upper layer, or determine the total amount of data sent by the MAC layer to its upper layer.

7. The media access control layer device according to claim 1, wherein: The user management functional entity is further configured to: Monitor all data information transmitted over the air interface during the operation of the MAC system, including service data packets sent by the upper layer and / or control information sent by users over the air interface; Record and calculate the data characteristics of each user's transmission and reception, and obtain the characteristic value of each service and the data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or the QoS characteristic value of air interface data transmission; and / or, recording the characteristics of data packets sent and received by each upper layer bearer of each user, and performing statistical analysis to obtain the characteristics of data transmission and reception for the same type of service; and, recording the control information exchanged between the MAC and its upper layer for the data of this type of service, and using the control information used in the interaction process, detecting the changing characteristics of the upper layer channel when the service data is sent or received; and / or, collecting statistics on the quality of each MAC PDU sent by each user over the air interface, and calculating, based on the quality of the air interface transmission, the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface; And / or, based on the data receiving and sending characteristics of the service and the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface, QoS parameter calculation is performed for air interface wireless resource adaptation and service data requirements.

8. The media access control layer device according to claim 1, wherein: The user management function entity is also used to perform a mapping process between upper layer channels and air interface connections once per TTI, and select an air interface link for data transmission according to the characteristics of the upper layer channel data; and / or, monitoring air interface links, recording the quality of each air interface link serving each user, and calculating the carrying capacity of each air interface link to select an available link for the user according to user needs; and / or, for each air interface link, formulate an air interface link selection plan for each user based on service capabilities, and perform on-demand selection, dynamic adjustment, and change of air interface links according to user needs; and / or, determining the HARQ mode to be used based on the air interface timing relationship when each MAC PDU of each user is sent, the air interface delay and robustness requirements of the MAC PDU; and / or, controlling beamforming; And / or, based on the monitoring of the air interface link, the air interface link connection is controlled according to user needs.

9. A method for implementing a media access control layer, applied to a first communication device, characterized in that: The media access control layer device includes a radio management function entity, a user management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity and an uplink and downlink scheduler. The method includes at least one of the following steps: The radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels, generates configuration information of air interface radio resources and physical channels, and provides the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler; The user management function entity obtains at least one of the following measurement information based on each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: characteristics of data sent and received, status of the user during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority; The service management function entity monitors the data information transmitted on the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculates measurement information of characteristic values ​​of each service, generates a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission, and provides them to the uplink and downlink scheduler; The connection control function entity measures and obtains the following measurement information of each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; selects an air interface link based on the characteristics of data received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and, when a second communication device with an air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, performs connection management on the new air interface link; The uplink and downlink scheduler performs at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on information provided by at least one of the wireless management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity: selection control and scheduling of air interface links, matching control of upper layer service QoS feature values ​​and air interface link carrying capacity, and scheduling control of new access links as an anchor point.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein The radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels based on the first delay metric; The uplink and downlink scheduler performs the scheduling control process based on a second delay metric, wherein the first delay metric is greater than the second delay metric.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein The wireless management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface wireless resources and physical channels, including: The radio management function entity subscribes to measurement information from at least one of the user management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity, and runs simulation for the up / down scheduler and orchestration of physical channel functions according to the received subscribed measurement information.

12. The method according to claim 9, wherein The uplink and downlink scheduler performs scheduling control on the new access link, including: The uplink and downlink scheduler receives a scheduling request for a new access link sent by the connection control function entity, and schedules the new access link, allocates resources, and generates or receives and processes a corresponding MAC layer control packet according to the scheduling request; After the scheduling is completed, the uplink and downlink scheduler sends a notification message indicating the scheduling completion to the connection control function entity, and updates the dynamic measurement parameters during the operation of the uplink and downlink scheduler to the corresponding function entity.

13. The method according to claim 9, wherein The wireless management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface wireless resources and physical channels to generate configuration information of air interface wireless resources and physical channels, specifically including: The radio management function entity completes radio resource and / or physical channel scheduling within a specific time period each time, wherein: Use digital twin tools to implement endogenous digital twin functionality for MAC functions, performing online simulation of both uplink and downlink functions. Generate an air interface resource pattern within a specific time period based on the online simulation results of the digital twin function, where the air interface resource pattern includes at least one of the following: a data packet transmission time period, a time interval for feedback on the data packet, whether to enable the mini-slot mode, generating a coexistence pattern of mini-slots and normal slots when the mini-slot mode is enabled, determining time-frequency configuration information for carrying control information, configuration of air interface radio subframes, and configuration of subcarrier spacing; Based on the online simulation results of the digital twin functions, the processes and algorithms involved in the physical channels are combined to generate physical channels with different functions.

14. The method according to claim 9, wherein Also includes: The user management function entity manages the reception and transmission of MAC upper layer channel data; and / or manages the functional combination required by the upper layer channel; and / or manages the mapping relationship between upper layer channels; and / or manages the data flow of the upper layer channel and provides information on the data reception and transmission status of the user's upper layer channel on the air interface; and / or, collecting or recording physical channel state parameters of each user when receiving and sending information on each physical channel, and obtaining measurement information of the user at the air interface; and / or, calculating the scheduling priority of the user based on the requirements of the scheduling algorithm and combining the information of data received and sent by the user's upper layer channel on the air interface, and inserting the user into the user scheduling queue of the uplink and downlink scheduler according to the scheduling priority; and / or, modeling and / or predicting the user's mobile location information, possible antennas serving the user, or wireless signal coverage based on the user's measurement information over the air interface; and / or, managing pairing information of different users based on the air interface measurement information of each user, predicting the pairing relationship between different users, and generating air interface evaluation schemes of different levels for use by the scheduling algorithm; and / or, reconstructing the retransmitted MAC PDU based on the user's measurement information on the air interface and the data reception and transmission status of the upper layer channel; and / or, determining whether to enable or disable the MAC packet sorting function, or whether to adjust the size of the sending or receiving sorting window, based on the data transmission status on the air interface, the load of the air interface wireless resources, and the timing relationship of the air interface wireless resources; and / or, during the MAC data forward transmission process, identifying valid data to be moved, and moving the valid data from the source MAC entity to the target MAC entity, wherein the valid data includes at least one of the following data: a data MAC SDU in a MAC PDU being sent but not yet successfully sent on each HARQ Process; a data MAC SDU contained in a MAC PDU being constructed but not yet placed in the HARQ Process buffer; a MAC SDU received by the MAC from an upper layer; The total amount of data received by the MAC from the upper layer is determined based on the state parameters of the air interface data transmission, or the total amount of data sent by the MAC layer to its upper layer is determined.

15. The method according to claim 9, wherein Also includes: The user management function entity monitors all data information transmitted over the air interface during the operation of the MAC system, including service data packets sent by the upper layer and / or control information sent by the user over the air interface; Record and calculate the data characteristics of each user's transmission and reception, and obtain the characteristic value of each service and the data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or the QoS characteristic value of air interface data transmission; and / or, the user management function entity records characteristics of data packets sent and received by each upper layer bearer of each user, and performs statistical analysis to obtain characteristics of data reception and transmission for the same type of service; and records control information exchanged between the MAC and its upper layer for data of this type of service, and detects, through the control information used in the interaction process, characteristics of changes in the upper layer channel when the service data is sent or received; and / or, collecting statistics on the quality of each MAC PDU sent by each user over the air interface, and calculating, based on the quality of the air interface transmission, the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface; And / or, based on the data receiving and sending characteristics of the service and the QoS guarantee capability that the air interface can provide when each type of service data is sent over the air interface, QoS parameter calculation is performed for air interface wireless resource adaptation and service data requirements.

16. The method according to claim 9, wherein Also includes: The user management function entity performs a mapping process between upper layer channels and air interface connections once per TTI, and selects an air interface link for data transmission according to the characteristics of the upper layer channel data; and / or, monitoring air interface links, recording the quality of each air interface link serving each user, and calculating the carrying capacity of each air interface link to select an available link for the user according to user needs; and / or, for each air interface link, formulate an air interface link selection plan for each user based on service capabilities, and perform on-demand selection, dynamic adjustment, and change of air interface links according to user needs; and / or, determining the HARQ mode to be used based on the air interface timing relationship when each MAC PDU of each user is sent, the air interface delay and robustness requirements of the MAC PDU; and / or, controlling beamforming; And / or, based on the monitoring of the air interface link, the air interface link connection is controlled according to user needs.

17. A first communication device, characterized in that: including a transceiver and a processor, wherein The processor is configured to generate a radio management function entity, a user management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler at the media access control layer, wherein: The radio management function entity performs online simulation and arrangement of air interface radio resources and physical channels, generates configuration information of air interface radio resources and physical channels, and provides the configuration information to the uplink and downlink scheduler; The user management function entity obtains at least one of the following measurement information based on each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: characteristics of data sent and received, status of the user during air interface interaction, and scheduling priority; The service management function entity monitors the data information transmitted on the air interface processed by the media access control layer, calculates measurement information of characteristic values ​​of each service, generates a data transmission model for MAC scheduling and / or QoS characteristic values ​​of air interface data transmission, and provides them to the uplink and downlink scheduler; The connection control function entity measures and obtains the following measurement information of each user and provides it to the uplink and downlink scheduler: reception quality and / or transmission quality of each air interface link; selects an air interface link based on the characteristics of data received or sent by the user and the air interface link quality; and, when a second communication device with an air interface link function establishes a new air interface link with the first communication device, performs connection management on the new air interface link; The uplink and downlink scheduler performs at least one of the following scheduling control processes based on information provided by at least one of the wireless management function entity, the UE management function entity, the service management function entity and the connection control function entity: selection control and scheduling of air interface links, matching control of upper layer service QoS feature values ​​and air interface link carrying capacity, and scheduling control of new access links as an anchor point.

18. A first communication device, characterized in that: include: A processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the program is executed by the processor, at least one of a radio management function entity, a user management function entity, a service management function entity, a connection control function entity, and an uplink and downlink scheduler is generated at the media access control layer to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 9 to 16.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 9 to 16.

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