A single-sided knitted fabric

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single-sided knitted fabric. The knitted fabric is formed by a surface yarn and an inner yarn and has a mesh structure. The mesh distribution rate α of the fabric satisfies the relation: 5% ≤ α ≤ 15%, and the ratio β between the area and the thickness of the largest mesh in the mesh structure satisfies the relation: β ≤ 1.0. The knitted fabric of the present invention has good air permeability and excellent ultraviolet resistance while being light and thin, and can be widely used for making shirts, casual clothes, sports T-shirts, golf sportswear, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a knitted fabric, and more particularly to a knitted fabric having both high air permeability and good ultraviolet resistance. Background Art

[0002] In summer, the temperature is high and the ultraviolet radiation is strong. In this environment, the human body has a high body temperature and is prone to sweating. At the same time, the strong ultraviolet radiation will also cause great damage to the human skin. Most of the summer sunscreen clothes on the market cannot take both aspects into account. Either they have ultra-high air permeability but cannot ensure good ultraviolet resistance, or they have good ultraviolet resistance but poor air permeability and strong stuffiness.

[0003] To solve this problem, some people propose to use tissue design. For example, Patent Document CN111101265A discloses a highly breathable and ultraviolet-resistant knitted fabric. Specifically, the fabric includes a surface layer, an intermediate layer, and a lining layer. The surface layer of the fabric has direct mesh holes and indirect mesh holes. By reasonably configuring the ratio of direct mesh holes and indirect mesh holes and designing the appropriate average height of the intermediate layer, good air permeability and ultraviolet resistance are obtained at the same time. However, inevitably, a part of sunlight will still irradiate the skin through the direct mesh holes, and the ultraviolet resistance needs to be further improved. In addition, the double-sided tissue design affects the lightness of the fabric. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lightweight single-sided knitted fabric with high air permeability and excellent ultraviolet resistance.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The single-sided knitted fabric of the present invention is formed by a surface yarn and a lining yarn and has a mesh structure. The mesh distribution rate α of the fabric satisfies the relational expression: 5% ≤ α ≤ 15%. The ratio β of the area to the thickness of the largest mesh in the mesh structure satisfies the relational expression: β ≤ 1.0.

[0007] Preferably, the meshes in the mesh structure along the wale are composed of more than 2 basic units; in the same row, the lining yarn forms loops and the surface yarn floats.

[0008] Preferably, the ratio γ of the total fineness of the surface yarn to the total fineness of the lining yarn satisfies the following relational expression: 1.0 < γ < 5.0.

[0009] Preferably, both the surface yarn and the lining yarn are yarns formed of polyester fibers with a titanium dioxide content of 2.0% by weight or more.

[0010] While being lightweight, the knitted fabric of the present invention also has good air permeability and excellent ultraviolet resistance. It can be widely used in making shirts, casual clothes, sports T-shirts, golf sportswear, etc. Detailed implementation manners

[0011] The present invention forms a single-sided knitted fabric with a mesh structure through a surface yarn and a lining yarn, effectively solving the problem that the gram weight of a highly breathable double-sided knitted fabric is too large. Generally speaking, the larger the mesh of the fabric, the better the air permeability, but in this case, the ultraviolet resistance performance will be very poor. In order to enable the fabric to have both high air permeability and excellent ultraviolet resistance at the same time, the present invention requires that the mesh distribution rate α of the fabric satisfies the relational expression: 5% ≤ α ≤ 15%; and the ratio β of the area of the largest mesh on the fabric surface to the thickness satisfies the relational expression: β ≤ 1.0.

[0012] When sunlight shines on the fabric surface, the light transmittance has a great relationship with the mesh distribution rate, mesh size, mesh thickness, etc. of the fabric. When the mesh distribution rate of the fabric is less than 5%, although the ultraviolet resistance performance is good, the air permeability performance is too poor and it is easy to generate a stuffy feeling; when the mesh distribution rate of the fabric exceeds 15%, although the air permeability performance will suddenly increase, the ultraviolet resistance performance will drop significantly. When the ratio β of the area of the largest mesh in the mesh structure to the thickness is greater than 1, within the light irradiation range of 0 to 180°, more than one-half of the light will directly pass through the mesh and irradiate on the skin. Therefore, the present invention requires that the mesh distribution rate α of the fabric satisfies the relational expression: 5% ≤ α ≤ 15%, and the ratio β of the area of the largest mesh in the mesh structure to the thickness satisfies the relational expression: β ≤ 1.0.

[0013] Preferably, the meshes in the mesh structure along the wale are composed of more than 2 basic units. The meshes in the fabric of the present invention can all be composed of 2 basic units; they can also all be composed of more than 2 basic units; or they can be composed of 2 basic units and more than 2 basic units. For example, a part is composed of 2 basic units and a part is composed of 3 basic units, and reasonable design can be carried out according to needs.

[0014] There is no particular limitation on the formation manner of these basic units. However, if the basic units are formed by the surface yarn and the lining yarn tucking in the same row, since such basic units are relatively transparent and the light shielding effect is limited, the ultraviolet resistance performance has a downward trend; or if they are formed by the surface yarn float and the lining yarn float in the same row, the loop columns lie across the float, and the air permeability has a downward trend. When the basic units are formed by the lining yarn forming a loop and the surface yarn floating in the same row, while maintaining a complete loop structure, the presence of the float structure improves the shielding property of the mesh. Not only is the air volume maximized, but also the amount of light entering the clothes is effectively reduced, and the ultraviolet resistance performance is extremely excellent. Therefore, it is preferred.

[0015] In the present invention, if the ratio γ of the fineness of the surface yarn to the fineness of the inner yarn is less than or equal to 1, the surface yarn cannot completely cover the inner yarn, and there may be a problem of reverse yarn; if the ratio γ of the fineness of the surface yarn to the fineness of the inner yarn is greater than or equal to 5, the mesh shape formed on the surface of the fabric is small, and the high-fineness surface yarn lies across the mesh. Although it can well block light from entering the clothes, the air permeability tends to deteriorate. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferred that the ratio γ of the fineness of the surface yarn to the fineness of the inner yarn satisfies the following relational expression: 1.0 < γ < 5.0.

[0016] In the present invention, there are no particular limitations on the types, forms, cross-sections, etc. of the surface yarn and the inner yarn. The types can be polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyvinyl formal, polypropylene, etc. Considering costs, etc., polyester fiber is preferred. The cross-section can be circular, or can be special-shaped such as triangular, cross-shaped, etc. In addition, on the basis of ensuring high air permeability and high ultraviolet resistance, considering the gram weight, etc., when short fiber yarn is selected in the present invention, its fineness is preferably 50 English counts or finer; when filament multifilament is selected, its fineness is preferably 30 - 150 denier (D).

[0017] The higher the content of titanium dioxide in the yarn, the stronger the refraction effect on light, the lower the light transmittance, and the better the ultraviolet resistance of the fabric. Therefore, in the present invention, the surface yarn and the inner yarn are preferably made of yarns formed by polyester fibers with a titanium dioxide content of 2.0% by weight or more, and more preferably made of yarns formed by polyester fibers with a titanium dioxide content of 2.0 - 7.0% by weight. The content of titanium dioxide in the surface and inner yarns can be the same or different, as long as it is 2.0% by weight or more.

[0018] For the knitted fabric of the present invention, considering its use as spring and summer clothing, its gram weight is preferably 80 - 200 g / m 2 , more preferably 100 - 150 g / m 2 .

[0019] The knitted fabric of the present invention has an air permeability of 90 cm 3 / (cm 2 ·s) or more, preferably 120 cm 3 / (cm 2 ·s) or more; among them, the greater the air permeability, the more comfortable the fabric; the ultraviolet resistance is UPF50 or more; among them, the greater the UPF value of the ultraviolet resistance, the more it can protect the human skin.

[0020] The knitted fabric of the present invention can be used to make sweatshirts, T-shirts, POLO shirts, etc.

[0021] The knitted fabric of the present invention can be obtained by knitting with a single-sided machine, which can be a single-sided seamless underwear machine or a modified single-sided circular knitting machine. Conventional processing conditions are used for processes such as scouring, dyeing, setting, and post-finishing during the manufacturing process. Among them, fluorescent whitening dyes and fluorescent absorbers can be used in the dyeing process. The agents used in each process of the present invention can be directly commercially available products or self-prepared products, and the dosage is preferably 0.1-20 g / L.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples and comparative examples. The test methods for the various parameters involved in the present invention are as follows:

[0023] (1)Mesh distribution rate

[0024] Use a KEYENCE VHX-2000C microscope to observe a randomly sampled 20 cm * 20 cm sample cloth. First, select a transparent glass bottom plate, choose transmitted light irradiation, then place its surface at the observation point, adjust the microscope magnification to 50 times, adjust the shooting brightness, adjust the brightness dial to the position of 30 °C from the starting point, and take a photo of the observed fabric. Measure the mesh area in the photo when the brightness is 255 (the input range value in the instrument is 255-255), and at the same time measure the entire area of the fabric shown in the photo. The ratio of the mesh area to the entire area of the fabric is the pore distribution rate of the fabric. Measure and calculate any 10 locations of the sample cloth respectively, remove the two largest values and the two smallest values, obtain the middle 6 values, and calculate their average value. The obtained average value is the mesh distribution rate of the fabric.

[0025] (2)Air permeability

[0026] According to JIS L1096-2010 Method A, measure the air permeability of the fabric when the air hole diameter is 38 cm 2 、and the pressure is 125 Pa.

[0027] (3)Anti-ultraviolet UPF value

[0028] Determined according to GB / T 18830-2009.

[0029] (4)Ratio β of the area to the thickness of the largest mesh

[0030] Use a KEYENCE VHX-2000C microscope to observe a randomly sampled 20 cm * 20 cm sample cloth. First, select a transparent glass bottom plate, choose transmitted light illumination, then place its surface at the observation point, adjust the microscope magnification to 50 times, adjust the shooting brightness, adjust the brightness dial to the position corresponding to 30 °C from the starting point, take a photo of the observed fabric, and measure the area of the largest mesh when the brightness in this photo is 255 (the input range value in the instrument is 255 - 255). Measure and calculate at 10 locations on the sample cloth respectively, remove the two largest values and the two smallest values, obtain the middle 6 values, calculate their average value, and the obtained average value is the largest mesh area of the fabric. Then measure the thickness of the sample cloth according to GB / T 3820 - 1997, and then calculate the ratio (i.e., the ratio of the two values) β of the largest mesh area to the thickness according to the following calculation formula,

[0031] A total of 3 sample cloths are measured, and the average value of the 3 groups of data is taken as the ratio of the largest mesh area to the thickness of the present invention.

[0032] (5) Content of titanium dioxide in the surface and bottom yarns

[0033] Decompose 100 g of the surface yarn (or bottom yarn) containing inorganic particles from the fabric, select a suitable solvent to dissolve the fibers, filter and dry to obtain the inorganic particles, weigh them with an electronic balance and record as b. The solvent here is selected according to the type of fiber. For example, for polyester fiber, a mixed solution of phenol and tetrachloroethylene is selected; for polyamide fiber, formic acid is selected; for viscose fiber, concentrated sulfuric acid is selected, etc. Calculate the content (weight %) of the inorganic particles according to the following formula: content = (b / 100) * 100%.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] On a 28-gauge single-sided circular knitting machine, the surface yarn uses 75D / 72f fully dull PET-DTY with a titanium dioxide particle content of 2.5% by weight, and the bottom yarn uses 30D / 36f fully dull PET-DTY with a titanium dioxide particle content of 2.5% by weight. Adopt a basic weave cycle of 8×4, and there are 4 meshes in each basic weave cycle. Along the wale direction, each mesh is composed of 3 basic units, and each basic unit is formed by the bottom yarn forming a loop and the surface yarn floating in the same row. The greige fabric undergoes scouring and dyeing in the same bath treatment (scouring agent 1 g / L, dosage of fluorescent white disperse dye 0.6% o.w.f, dosage of fluorescent absorber 3% o.w.f, temperature 130 °C * 30 min) → water absorption and softening treatment (phenolic resin 1.5% owf) → setting (the transverse and longitudinal stretching ratios are 1.8) to obtain the single-sided knitted fabric of the present invention, and its gram weight is 108 g / m 2 , and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Adjust the horizontal and vertical stretch ratios to 2.1, and the rest is the same as in Example 1 to obtain the fabric of the present invention, with a weight of 94 g / m 2 , and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] There are 2 meshes in each basic weave repeat, and each mesh is formed by 3 basic units. The rest is the same as in Example 1 to obtain the fabric of the present invention, with a weight of 116 g / m 2 , and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] There are 3 meshes in each basic weave repeat, and each mesh is formed by 3 basic units. The rest is the same as in Example 1 to obtain the fabric of the present invention, with a weight of 111 g / m 2 , and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0042] Example 5

[0043] There are 12 meshes in each basic weave repeat, and each mesh is formed by 1 basic unit. The rest is the same as in Example 1 to obtain the fabric of the present invention, with a weight of 112 g / m 2 , and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Example 6

[0045] Each basic unit is formed by a filling yarn loop and a face yarn loop in the same horizontal row. The rest is the same as in Example 1 to obtain the fabric of the present invention, with a weight of 124 g / m 2 , and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0046] Example 7

[0047] Replace the 75D / 72f PET-DTY with 120D / 72f PET-DTY, and the rest is the same as in Example 1 to obtain the fabric of the present invention, with a weight of 146 g / m 2 , and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1

[0048] Example 8

[0049] There are 5 meshes in each basic weave repeat, and each mesh is formed by 3 basic units. The rest is the same as in Example 7 to obtain the fabric of the present invention, with a weight of 130 g / m 2 , and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Example 9

[0051] Adjust the horizontal and vertical stretch ratios to 1.3, and the rest is the same as in Example 7 to obtain the fabric of the present invention, with a weight of 125 g / m2 , the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Example 10

[0053] There are 6 meshes in each basic tissue cycle, and each mesh is formed by 3 basic units. The rest is the same as in Example 7, obtaining the fabric of the present invention with a gram weight of 118 g / m 2 , the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0054] Example 11

[0055] Replace the 75D / 72f PET-DTY with 180D / 96f PET-DTY, and the rest is the same as in Example 1, obtaining the fabric of the present invention with a gram weight of 158 g / m 2 , the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0056] Example 12

[0057] Replace the 120D / 72f PET-DTY with 50D / 24f PET-DTY yarn, and the 30D / 36f PET-DTY with 50D / 24f PET-DTY. The rest is the same as in Example 7, obtaining the fabric of the present invention with a gram weight of 119 g / m 2 , the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Example 13

[0059] Replace the 75D / 72f full dull PET-DTY with 2.5 wt% titanium dioxide particles with 75D / 72f full dull PET-DTY with 1.5 wt% titanium dioxide particles, and the 30D / 36f full dull PET-DTY with 2.5 wt% titanium dioxide particles with 30D / 36f full dull PET-DTY with 1.5 wt% titanium dioxide particles. The rest is the same as in Example 7, obtaining the fabric of the present invention with a gram weight of 134 g / m 2 , the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] There is 1 mesh in each basic tissue cycle, and each mesh is formed by 3 basic units. The rest is the same as in Example 1, obtaining the fabric of the present invention with a gram weight of 130 g / m 2 , the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] Adjust the transverse and longitudinal stretch ratios to 2.6, and the rest is the same as in Example 1, obtaining the fabric of the present invention with a gram weight of 123 g / m 2 , the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 3

[0065] There are 7 meshes in each basic tissue cycle, and each mesh is formed by 3 basic units. The rest is the same as Comparative Example 1 to obtain the fabric of the present invention, and its gram weight is 124 g / m 2 , and the specific parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Table 1

[0067]

[0068] According to Table 1,

[0069] (1) It can be seen from Example 1 and Example 5 that under the same conditions, compared with the fabric with 1 basic unit in the mesh structure and the fabric with 3 basic units in the mesh structure, although the ultraviolet resistance of the two is equivalent, the air permeability of the former is much better than that of the latter, and the comprehensive evaluation shows that the former is better than the latter.

[0070] (2) It can be seen from Example 1 and Example 6 that under the same conditions, compared with the fabric formed by the surface yarn floating line and the inner yarn forming a loop to form the mesh basic unit and the fabric formed by the surface yarn tucking and the inner yarn tucking to form the mesh basic unit, although the air permeability of the former is a little lower than that of the latter, the ultraviolet resistance of the former is much better than that of the latter, and the comprehensive evaluation shows that the former is better than the latter.

[0071] (3) It can be seen from Example 7 and Example 11 that under the same conditions, compared with the fabric with the surface yarn / inner yarn fineness ratio γ of 4 and the fabric with the surface yarn / inner yarn fineness ratio γ of 6, although the ultraviolet resistance of the former is a little lower than that of the latter, the air permeability of the former is much higher than that of the latter, and the comprehensive evaluation shows that the former is better than the latter.

[0072] (4) It can be seen from Example 1 and Example 12 that under the same conditions, compared with the fabric with the surface yarn / inner yarn fineness ratio γ of 2.5 and the fabric with the surface yarn / inner yarn fineness ratio γ of 1, the air permeability and ultraviolet resistance of the former are both better than those of the latter, and the comprehensive evaluation shows that the former is better than the latter.

[0073] (5) It can be seen from Example 1 and Example 13 that under the same conditions, compared with the fabric with the titanium dioxide content of 2.5% by weight in the surface yarn and the titanium dioxide content of 2.5% by weight in the inner yarn and the fabric with the titanium dioxide content of 1.5% by weight in the surface yarn and the titanium dioxide content of 1.5% by weight in the inner yarn, although the air permeability of the two is equivalent, the ultraviolet resistance of the former is much better than that of the latter, and the comprehensive evaluation shows that the former is better than the latter.

[0074] (6) It can be seen from Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 that under the same conditions, compared with the fabric with the pore distribution rate α of 3% and the fabric with the pore distribution rate α of 5%, the air permeability of the former is very poor.

[0075] (7) As can be seen from Comparative Example 2 and Example 2, under the same conditions, the fabric with the maximum mesh area / thickness ratio β of 1.5 has poor air permeability and UV resistance compared with the fabric with the maximum mesh area / thickness ratio β of 1.0.

[0076] (8) As can be seen from Comparative Example 3 and Example 10, under the same conditions, the fabric with a pore distribution rate α of 18% has poor UV resistance compared with the fabric with a pore distribution rate α of 15%.

Claims

1. A single-sided knitted fabric, formed by a surface yarn and an inner yarn and having a mesh structure, characterized in that: The mesh distribution rate α of the fabric satisfies the relation: 5% ≤ α ≤ 15%, and the ratio β of the area to the thickness of the largest mesh in the mesh structure satisfies the relation: β ≤ 1.0; the meshes in the mesh structure along the wales are composed of more than 2 basic units; in the same course, the inner yarn forms loops and the surface yarn floats.

2. The single-sided knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio γ of the total fineness of the surface yarn to the total fineness of the inner yarn satisfies the following relation: 1.0 < γ < 5.

0.

3. The single-sided knitted fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the surface yarn and the inner yarn are yarns formed of polyester fibers with a titanium dioxide content of 2.0% by weight or more.

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