Aerosol washout simulation detection device and detection method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an aerosol flushing simulation detection device and a detection method thereof. The device comprises a water supply device, a flow distribution device, an experimental box, a detection plate and a solution sampling device. The water supply device is connected with the flow distribution device. The top of the experimental box is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom is provided with a water outlet. The flow distribution device is connected with the experimental box through the water inlet. The solution sampling device is connected with the experimental box through the water outlet. The detection plate is attached with aerosol and is arranged in the experimental box. The inner wall of the containment vessel with aerosol deposition and the surface of the structure in the containment vessel are simulated by the detection plate. The water supply of the water supply device is dispersed by the flow distribution device to form a water film flow, so as to simulate the flushing of the aerosol by the water film flow in the containment vessel. Finally, the solution sampling device is used for sampling, and the flushing of the aerosol by the water film flow in the containment vessel is simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear power plant safety technology, and in particular to an aerosol scouring simulation detection device and its detection method. Background Technology

[0002] In pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants, a coolant loss accident can lead to insufficient heat exchange in the reactor core, causing damage to the fuel cladding and resulting in the release of fission products. Especially in the event of a severe accident, the reactor core melts down, generating large amounts of fission products that migrate through breaches in the reactor coolant system into the reactor containment vessel, settling on the surfaces of structures and equipment. This poses significant challenges to equipment maintenance and repair, as well as a substantial radiation risk to maintenance personnel. Furthermore, the fission products may leak into the environment, posing a threat to public health and safety.

[0003] During this process, fission products are released into the containment along with a large amount of steam. Some aerosols containing fission products will deposit on the surface of the internal structural components of the containment. Among them, insoluble aerosols, such as Ag and AgI which are insoluble in water, often remain on the surface of equipment and structural components. Steam condenses on the surface of internal structural components and the inner wall of the containment and flows down the wall in the form of a water film, which can play a certain role in washing away the aerosols on the surface of the internal structural components. Finally, the water film reaches the pit pool at the bottom of the containment. The washing effect of the water film on the surface of the internal structural components is difficult to predict, and there is no equipment in the current technology to simulate and detect the washing effect of aerosols inside the containment.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies still need to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an aerosol scouring simulation detection device and its detection method, which aims to simulate and detect the scouring of aerosols by water film descent, in order to address the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0007] An aerosol scouring simulation detection device includes a water supply device, a flow distribution device, an experimental chamber, a detection plate, and a solution sampling device; the water supply device is connected to the flow distribution device; the experimental chamber has an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom; the flow distribution device is connected to the experimental chamber through the inlet; the solution sampling device is connected to the experimental chamber through the outlet; aerosols are attached to the detection plate, and the detection plate is disposed inside the experimental chamber.

[0008] The aerosol scouring simulation detection device further includes a thermometer and a preheater, both of which are connected to the water supply device.

[0009] The aerosol scouring simulation detection device includes a regulating valve and a flow meter connected sequentially between the water supply device and the flow distribution device.

[0010] The aerosol scouring simulation detection device includes a viewing window on the side of the experimental chamber, with the side of the detection plate with the aerosol attached facing the viewing window.

[0011] The aerosol erosion simulation detection device includes a plurality of measuring scales installed inside the experimental chamber. The plurality of measuring scales are located between the detection plate and the viewing window and are arranged sequentially at intervals from the top to the bottom of the experimental chamber.

[0012] The aerosol erosion simulation detection device further includes an image acquisition device, wherein the camera of the image acquisition device is arranged opposite to the viewing window.

[0013] The aerosol erosion simulation detection device further includes a capacitance micrometer, the capacitance probe of which passes through the experimental chamber to detect the detection plate.

[0014] The aerosol scouring simulation detection device includes an inorganic zinc-rich layer coated on the detection plate, with the aerosol located on the outer surface of the inorganic zinc-rich layer.

[0015] In the aerosol erosion simulation detection device, an epoxy topcoat layer is coated between the inorganic zinc-rich layer and the aerosol.

[0016] A detection method based on an aerosol erosion simulation detection device includes the following steps:

[0017] Turn on the water supply device and replace the solution sampling device at preset intervals;

[0018] Based on the water flow rate supplied by the water supply device within the preset sampling time and the weight of the mixed solution collected by the solution sampling device, the aerosol flushing rate corresponding to each sampling is calculated, and the variation law of the aerosol flushing rate with time is obtained.

[0019] Beneficial effects: This invention uses the detection plate to simulate the inner wall of a nuclear power plant containment vessel and the surface of structural components within the containment vessel containing aerosols; the flow distribution device disperses the water supply from the water supply device, causing the water to flow downwards in the experimental chamber in the form of a water film, thereby simulating the downward flow of the water film within the containment vessel to wash away aerosols; finally, the solution sampling device is used to sample and simulate the scouring effect of the descending water film within the containment vessel on aerosols. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the aerosol erosion simulation detection device described in this invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the change in the mass of aerosols collected per unit time over time in this invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the change in the percentage of aerosol erosion over time in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a top view of the experimental chamber described in this invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water film coverage obtained by software analysis in this invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a calibration diagram of the capacitance micrometer described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0027] This invention provides an aerosol erosion simulation detection device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a water supply device 1, a flow distribution device 2, an experimental chamber 3, a detection plate 4, and a solution sampling device 5. The water supply device 1 is connected to the flow distribution device 2 and supplies water to the flow distribution device 2; the experimental chamber 3 has a water inlet at the top and a water outlet at the bottom. The flow distribution device 2 is installed on the outer side of the top of the experimental chamber 3 and is connected to the experimental chamber 3 through the water inlet, so that the water flow from the water supply device 1, after being dispersed by the flow distribution device 2, can be sprayed into the experimental chamber 3 through the water inlet and flow down the wall of the experimental chamber 3 in the form of a water film.

[0028] The detection plate 4 is disposed inside the experimental chamber 3, and aerosol 100 is attached to the detection plate 4, thereby simulating the deposition of aerosols on the inner wall of the nuclear power plant containment and the surface of the internal structural components of the containment. The detection plate 4 is vertically arranged inside the experimental chamber 3 and is located within the spray range of the flow distribution device 2; the water flow, dispersed by the flow distribution device 2 and sprayed into the experimental chamber 3, flows from top to bottom along the inner wall of the experimental chamber 3 and the aerosol attachment surface of the detection plate 4 in the form of a water film, thereby washing away the aerosol 100 on the detection plate 4.

[0029] The solution sampling device 5 is located on the bottom outer side of the experimental chamber 3 and is connected to the experimental chamber through the water outlet. A water film carrying some aerosol flows down from the inner wall of the experimental chamber 3 and the aerosol adhesion surface of the detection plate 4, passes through the water outlet, and enters the solution sampling device 5. The staff replaces the solution sampling device at preset time intervals. After the flushing experiment, each solution sampling device contains a mixed solution of water and aerosol. Each solution sampling device is weighed. Under the premise that the water flow rate of the water supply device 1 and the sampling time of the solution sampling device 5 are fixed, the mass of aerosol flushed away by the water film per unit time corresponding to each sampling time can be calculated, i.e., the aerosol flushing rate; and the variation law of the aerosol flushing rate with time can be obtained, such as... Figure 2 As shown; furthermore, based on the weighing of each solution sampling device, and the preset time and preset sampling duration, the variation law of the aerosol erosion percentage with time can be obtained, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0030] In this invention, the preset time is greater than the preset sampling duration; furthermore, the sum of the time from when the previous solution sampling device is moved out to when the next solution sampling device is placed at the sampling station and the preset sampling duration is equal to the preset time.

[0031] This invention uses the detection plate 4 to simulate the inner wall of the nuclear power plant containment vessel and the surface of the structural components within the containment vessel containing aerosols; the flow distribution device 2 disperses the water supply from the water supply device 1, causing the water to flow downwards in the experimental chamber 3 in the form of a water film, thereby simulating the scouring of aerosols by the downward flow of the water film within the containment vessel; finally, the solution sampling device 5 is used to sample and simulate the scouring of aerosols by the descent of the water film within the containment vessel.

[0032] This invention is used to study the scouring behavior of a water film on aerosols attached to the surface of the detection plate 4. Therefore, it is necessary to allow the aerosols to settle and adhere to the detection plate 4 before the experiment. The aerosol scouring simulation detection device also includes a sealing tent and a flexible tube; one end of the flexible tube is inserted into the sealing tent, thereby communicating with the internal space of the sealing tent. The detection plate 4 is placed inside the sealing tent, and the aerosol is injected into the sealing tent through the flexible tube, causing the aerosols to gradually settle onto the detection plate 4.

[0033] Because the concentration and uniformity of aerosol deposits vary in different areas within the containment vessel of a nuclear power plant, in order to conduct a more comprehensive simulation and detection of aerosol scouring, this invention can prepare multiple detection plates, each placed vertically relative to the ground or at different tilt angles within the sealed tent, thereby obtaining detection plates with aerosols of different concentrations and uniformities; then, aerosol scouring detection experiments are performed on each detection plate separately.

[0034] The flow distribution device 2 adopts existing technology, and the structure of the flow distribution device 2 will not be described in detail in this invention.

[0035] Furthermore, in order to simulate the concentration and uniformity of aerosols in different areas within the containment of a nuclear power plant, this invention involves placing multiple sampling plates on each detection plate during aerosol sedimentation. After the detection plate with the sampling plates is placed inside the sealed enclosure to complete aerosol sedimentation, the sampling plates are removed. The concentration and uniformity of the aerosols settled on the detection plate are then measured using the sampling plates, and it is determined whether they reach the actual aerosol concentration and uniformity within the containment of a nuclear power plant. This allows for the simulation of different operating conditions and improves the accuracy of the simulation detection.

[0036] The aerosol scouring simulation detection device also includes an operating platform. The experimental chamber 3 is mounted on the operating platform, and the solution sampling device 5 is located below the operating platform. The outlet is connected to the solution sampling device 5 via a pipe. The experimental chamber 3 is not fixed to the operating platform; it can be tilted by pushing it to simulate the plane tilt angle of different areas within the containment vessel of a nuclear power plant. The outlet is connected to the solution sampling device 5 via a pipe, ensuring that regardless of the tilt of the experimental chamber 3, the mixed liquid flowing down after the water film inside the experimental chamber 3 scours the aerosol will ultimately enter the solution sampling device 5.

[0037] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a flow guiding device 31 is provided at the water outlet. The flow guiding device 31 is funnel-shaped, with its top opening connected to the water outlet and its bottom opening connected to the solution sampling device 5 via a pipe. The flow guiding device 31 guides the mixed liquid flowing down after the water film washes away the aerosol inside the experimental chamber 3, further ensuring that no matter how the experimental chamber 3 is tilted, the mixed liquid to be sampled can eventually enter the solution sampling device 5, thereby improving sampling accuracy.

[0038] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the detection plate 4 is a stainless steel plate. In one specific embodiment, the side of the detection plate 4 used for aerosol 100 adhesion is coated with an inorganic zinc-rich layer; in another specific embodiment, the side of the detection plate 4 used for aerosol 100 adhesion is sequentially coated with an inorganic zinc-rich layer and an epoxy topcoat layer, i.e., the inorganic zinc-rich layer is located between the detection plate 4 and the epoxy topcoat layer. The present invention simulates the inner surface areas at different heights of the operating platform within the containment vessel of a nuclear power plant using the detection plate 4. For both types of detection plates, a certain degree of roughness must be considered to make the wall material of the experimental detection plate more closely resemble real-world conditions.

[0039] The aerosol scouring simulation and testing device further includes a thermometer 6 and a preheater 7, both of which are connected to the water supply device 1. The preheater 7 is used to adjust the outlet water temperature of the water supply device 1, and the thermometer 6 is used to detect the water temperature inside the water supply device 1. By adjusting the preheater 7 and detecting the temperature of the water inside the water supply device 1, the temperature of the water film scouring aerosol inside the experimental chamber 3 can be controlled, thereby allowing for the study of the aerosol scouring effect of water films at different temperatures and obtaining the relationship between water film temperature and aerosol scouring rate.

[0040] A first thermometer 8 is installed on the pipeline connecting the water supply device 1 and the flow distribution device 2. The first thermometer 8 is close to the flow distribution device 2 to detect the temperature at the end of the pipeline, thereby accurately controlling the temperature of the water film formed after being dispersed by the flow distribution device 2, and more accurately simulating the effect of different water film temperatures inside the containment of a nuclear power plant on aerosol scouring.

[0041] A regulating valve 113 and a flow meter 115 are sequentially connected between the water supply device 1 and the flow distribution device 2. The regulating valve 113 is used to regulate the water supply from the water supply device 1 to the flow distribution device 2, and the flow meter 115 is used to detect the water supply from the water supply device 1. The regulating valve 113 and the flow meter 115 are used together to precisely control the water film flow rate, thereby achieving the purpose of studying the relationship between the water film flow rate and the aerosol flushing rate.

[0042] Furthermore, during a single sampling, the flow meter 115 reads a first reading before sampling and a second reading after sampling. The difference between the second and first readings represents the water supply volume of the water supply device within the preset sampling time, thereby obtaining the mass of water in the mixed solution collected by the solution sampling device. After sampling, the solution sampling device is weighed to obtain the mass of the mixed solution within the device. Based on the mass of the mixed solution and the mass of the water, the mass of aerosols washed away by the water film within the preset sampling time can be calculated, thus obtaining the aerosol scouring rate corresponding to this sampling.

[0043] The solution sampling device is replaced at the preset time intervals, and the aerosol flushing rate corresponding to each sampling is calculated to obtain the variation law of aerosol flushing rate over time.

[0044] A shut-off valve 9 is also provided between the water supply device 1 and the regulating valve 113. The shut-off valve 9 is used to open or close the water supply to the water supply device 1.

[0045] The water supply device 1 includes a water storage tank 11 and a water pump 12; the water inlet of the water pump 12 is connected to the water storage tank 11, and the water outlet of the water pump 12 is connected to the flow distribution device 2; the preheater 7 and the thermometer are both connected to the water storage tank 11. The detection plate 4 is a rectangular plate with a length of 1.8m and a width of 0.5m; when the detection plate 4 is installed inside the experimental chamber 3, its length direction is vertically arranged. Since the experimental chamber 3 and the detection plate 4 are both at a certain height relative to the ground, in order to ensure that the water supply from the water storage tank 11 can be smoothly supplied to the top of the experimental chamber 3, and thus sprayed from top to bottom through the flow distribution device 2, the water pump 12 is set between the water storage tank 11 and the flow distribution device 2 in this invention, so as to provide the power for the water flow to rise.

[0046] A first shut-off valve 13 is connected between the water storage tank 11 and the water inlet. The first shut-off valve 13 controls the opening and closing of the water supply from the water storage tank 11 to the water pump 12. A return water inlet is provided on the water storage tank 11, and the return water inlet is connected to the water inlet via a first regulating valve 114. The first regulating valve 114 controls the amount of water supplied back to the water storage tank 11 via the water pump 12. Before conducting the aerosol flushing simulation experiment, the first shut-off valve 13 and the first regulating valve 114 are opened to test whether the water storage tank 11 and the water pump 12 can function normally. The water pumped by the water pump 12 can flow back into the water storage tank 11 without entering the flow distribution device 2, thus not affecting the subsequent aerosol flushing simulation experiment. When conducting the aerosol flushing simulation experiment, the first shut-off valve 13 is opened and the first regulating valve 114 is closed to prevent the water pumped by the water pump 12 from flowing back into the water storage tank 11.

[0047] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, a viewing window 32 is provided on the side of the experimental chamber 3, and the side of the detection plate 4 with the aerosol 100 attached faces the viewing window 32 to facilitate observation of the water film flow during the aerosol scouring simulation experiment. The viewing window 32 is a resin glass viewing window 32.

[0048] The experimental chamber 3 is equipped with multiple measuring scales 10, which are located between the detection plate 4 and the viewing window 32, and are arranged sequentially at intervals from the top to the bottom of the experimental chamber. Each measuring scale faces the side of the detection plate 4 to which the aerosol 100 is attached. When the water film washes over the aerosol 100, a water flow is formed on the detection plate 4, and the wetting length of the water flow varies in different areas of the detection plate 4. Through the viewing window 32 and the multiple measuring scales, the wetting length of different areas on the detection plate 4 can be measured, thereby calculating the wetting area formed by the water flow on the detection plate 4 to obtain the coverage rate of the water film on the detection plate 4.

[0049] Furthermore, there is a gap between the measuring ruler 10 and the detection plate 4, so as to ensure quantitative measurement of the stream width while avoiding the measuring ruler 10 affecting the stream morphology on the detection plate 4.

[0050] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, there are four measuring scales 10, which are equally spaced.

[0051] like Figure 1As shown, the aerosol scour simulation detection device also includes an image acquisition device 111. The image acquisition device 111 is located outside the experimental chamber 3, and its camera is arranged opposite to the viewing window 32. During the scour experiment, after the image acquisition device 111 is activated, its camera can capture the dynamic characteristics of the stream morphology changes formed by the falling water film on the detection plate 4 through the viewing window 32. The image acquisition device 111 is connected to an external computer 200, which is equipped with professional image analysis software. This software can identify and analyze different feature areas of the detection plate 4 and the changes in the stream over time in each area within the images captured by the image acquisition device 111. Figure 5 As shown, the software can analyze the water film coverage, calculate the stream area, and obtain the stream coverage rate under the current scour simulation experimental conditions. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the image acquisition device is a camera.

[0052] Furthermore, after inputting the stream coverage rate measured and calculated by the measuring ruler 10 into the computer 200, the computer 200 can compare and verify the stream coverage rate obtained by the measuring ruler 10 with the stream coverage rate obtained by the software analysis.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the aerosol scouring simulation detection device also includes a capacitance micrometer 112. The capacitance probe of the capacitance micrometer 112 passes through the side wall of the experimental chamber 3 and is inserted into the experimental chamber 3 to detect the detection plate. The capacitance probe of the capacitance micrometer 112 is close to the detection plate 4 but does not contact the detection plate 4; the capacitance micrometer 112 is connected to the computer 200. This invention uses the capacitance micrometer 112 to obtain the thickness of the water film on the detection plate 4 during the scouring simulation experiment.

[0054] The capacitance micrometer 112 is a non-contact precision measuring instrument that employs a high input impedance amplifier feedback principle. It operates without disturbing the flow of the water film, is easy to operate, and has high sensitivity. The capacitance micrometer 112 can measure both minute displacements and micro-amplitude vibrations, as well as perform dynamic measurements. Specifically, before measuring the water film thickness, the capacitance micrometer 112 needs to be calibrated. The calibration is determined by precisely controlling the static water film thickness within a fixed container to obtain the relationship between the output voltage and the water film thickness.

[0055] The film thickness calibration of the capacitance micrometer 112 is as follows: Figure 6As shown: Prepare a measuring plate 1121. Vertically fix the capacitance probe of the capacitance micrometer 112 2.5cm in front of the measuring plate 1121. Zero the measurement value under the condition that there is no water film on the measuring plate 1121. The measuring plate 1121 is a stainless steel plate. Sprinkle water on the measuring plate 1121 to form a water film 300 on the measuring plate 1121. When the water film 300 flows through the measuring plate 1121, the capacitance value measured by the capacitance probe of the capacitance micrometer 112 changes, and the voltage value output by the capacitance micrometer 112 also changes accordingly, thereby realizing the dynamic measurement of the water film thickness.

[0056] This invention, based on an aerosol erosion simulation detection device, also provides a detection method, the method comprising the following steps:

[0057] S100. Prepare multiple sealed tents and multiple detection plates for aerosols to settle. Place multiple sampling pieces on each detection plate. Place at least one detection plate in each sealed tent, and arrange all detection plates in each sealed tent at different tilt angles. Inject aerosols into each sealed tent through the corresponding flexible tubes connected to it, and inject different types of aerosols into each sealed tent.

[0058] S200. Based on the aerosol concentration in different areas inside the containment of the nuclear power plant, the concentration of aerosols to be settled on each detection plate is set in advance; the sampling plate on each detection plate is tested, and it is determined whether the aerosol concentration on the detection plate has reached the corresponding preset concentration; if not, the aerosol settling on the detection plate continues until the aerosol concentration on the detection plate reaches the corresponding preset concentration.

[0059] S300. The detection plate containing a preset concentration of aerosol is vertically installed into the experimental chamber 3, with the side of the detection plate containing aerosol facing the viewing window 32 of the experimental chamber 3.

[0060] In each aerosol flushing simulation experiment, the experimental chamber 3 can only accommodate one test plate.

[0061] S400: Turn on the water supply device 1, and simultaneously turn on the capacitance micrometer 112 and the image acquisition device 111; replace the solution sampling device at preset intervals.

[0062] Since not all water flow rates can wash away the aerosols on the surface of the detection plate, only when the water film flow rate is greater than a threshold can some of the aerosols flow into the solution sampling device 5 with the water film. Therefore, in the specific experiment, the first shut-off valve 13 and the shut-off valve 9 are opened, and the preheater 7 and the regulating valve 113 are adjusted. The water temperature and flow rate supplied by the water supply device 1 to the flow distribution device 2 are measured by the first thermometer 8 and the flow meter 115, respectively, and the water flow rate is made greater than the threshold. When the solution sampling device receives the mixed solution for the preset sampling time, the solution sampling device is removed, and the next solution sampling device is placed at the corresponding position below the water outlet at preset intervals. The solution sampling devices are replaced periodically in this way.

[0063] Since the temperature and flow rate of the water film delivered by the flow distribution device 2 can be adjusted, the present invention can conduct aerosol scouring simulation test experiments on each test plate under different water temperatures and different water flow rates.

[0064] During the sampling process using the solution sampling device 5, the thickness of the water film flowing through the detection plate is detected by the capacitance micrometer 112; the wetted side length of the water film is read by the measuring ruler 10 and the water film coverage is calculated; the water film morphology is captured by the image acquisition device 111, and the water film coverage (first water film coverage) is calculated by the computer 200; the water film coverage is then compared with the first water film coverage. Thus, the effects of different water temperatures and flow rates on the water film thickness and water film coverage can be obtained.

[0065] S500. Based on the water flow rate supplied by the water supply device within the preset sampling time and the weight of the mixed solution collected by the solution sampling device, calculate the aerosol mass obtained in this sampling, that is, obtain the aerosol flushing rate corresponding to this sampling; according to the above calculation method, calculate the aerosol flushing rate corresponding to each sampling, and thus obtain the change law of aerosol flushing rate with time.

[0066] In this invention, after each pair of test plates has undergone an aerosol scouring simulation experiment under different water temperatures and flow rates, the test plate is replaced. This allows all test plates that have undergone sedimentation at different tilt angles, with different aerosol types and concentrations to be subjected to aerosol scouring simulation experiments, thereby obtaining the effects of different tilt angles, different aerosol types, different aerosol concentrations, different water temperatures and different flow rates on the aerosol scouring rate.

[0067] In summary, this invention provides an aerosol scouring simulation detection device and method. The detection plate simulates the aerosol deposition on the inner wall of a nuclear power plant containment structure and the surface of structural components within the containment. The flow distribution device disperses the water supply from the water supply device, causing the water to flow downwards in the experimental chamber as a water film, simulating the scouring of aerosols by the downward flow of the water film within the containment. Finally, the solution sampling device samples the solution to simulate the scouring effect of the descending water film on aerosols within the containment.

[0068] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An aerosol washout simulation detection device, characterized by, It includes a water supply device, a flow distribution device, an experimental box, a detection plate and a solution sampling device; the water supply device is connected with the flow distribution device; the top of the experimental box is provided with a water inlet, and the bottom is provided with a water outlet; the flow distribution device is connected with the experimental box through the water inlet; the solution sampling device is connected with the experimental box through the water outlet; the detection plate is attached with aerosol, and is arranged in the experimental box; the detection plate is located in the spraying range of the flow distribution device; the water flow dispersed by the flow distribution device is sprinkled into the experimental box, and flows from top to bottom along the inner wall of the experimental box and the aerosol-attached surface of the detection plate in the form of water film, so as to flush the aerosol on the detection plate; part of the aerosol is carried by the water film flowing down from the inner wall of the experimental box and the aerosol-attached surface of the detection plate, passes through the water outlet and enters the solution sampling device; the staff replaces the solution sampling device at a preset time interval; after the flushing experiment is completed, each solution sampling device contains a mixed solution of water and aerosol; each solution sampling device is weighed, and under the premise that the water outlet flow of the water supply device and the sampling time of the solution sampling device are fixed, the mass of the aerosol flushed away by the water film per unit time corresponding to each sampling time is calculated, that is, the aerosol flushing rate; and the change rule of the aerosol flushing rate with time is obtained. It also includes a sealed bag and a flexible tube; one end of the flexible tube is inserted into the sealed bag and communicates with the internal space of the sealed bag, so as to inject aerosol into the sealed bag through the flexible tube; the sealed bag is used for placing the detection plate and completing aerosol deposition; the detection plate is multiple, so that each detection plate is placed in the sealed bag vertically or at different inclination angles relative to the ground, to obtain detection plates attached with aerosol of different concentrations and uniformity; the detection plate is used for the detection plate arranged in the experimental box, attached with aerosol and located in the spraying range of the flow distribution device, to simulate the deposition of aerosol on the inner wall of the containment vessel and the surface of the internal structural parts of the containment vessel of the nuclear power plant.

2. The aerosol wash-off simulation test device according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a thermometer and a preheater, both of which are connected with the water supply device.

3. The aerosol wash-off simulation test device of claim 1, wherein, An adjusting valve and a flow meter are sequentially connected between the water supply device and the flow distribution device.

4. The aerosol wash-off simulation test device of claim 1, wherein, A perspective window is arranged on the side of the experimental box, and the side of the detection plate attached with aerosol faces the perspective window.

5. The aerosol wash-off simulation test device according to claim 4, wherein A plurality of scales are arranged in the experimental box, and the scales are arranged between the detection plate and the perspective window and are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the direction from the top to the bottom of the experimental box.

6. The aerosol wash-off simulation test device of claim 4, wherein, It also includes an image acquisition device, and a camera of the image acquisition device is arranged opposite to the perspective window.

7. The aerosol wash-off simulation test device of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a capacitance micrometer, and a capacitance probe of the capacitance micrometer penetrates through the experimental box to detect the detection plate.

8. The aerosol wash-off simulation test device of claim 1, wherein, An inorganic zinc-rich layer is coated on the detection plate, and the aerosol is located on the outer surface of the inorganic zinc-rich layer.

9. The aerosol wash-off simulation test device according to claim 8, wherein An epoxy topcoat layer is coated between the inorganic zinc-rich layer and the aerosol.

10. A detection method based on the aerosol washout simulation detection device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the steps of: Opening the water supply device, replacing the solution sampling device at intervals of a preset time; According to the water flow supplied by the water supply device and the weight of the mixed solution collected by the solution sampling device within the preset sampling time, the aerosol erosion rate corresponding to each sampling is calculated, and the change rule of the aerosol erosion rate with time is obtained.

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