Radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a radar antenna distance wheel calibration device and method, the device comprises a radar antenna body (1), the radar antenna body (1) is provided with a distance measuring mechanism and a calibration mechanism, the distance measuring mechanism and the calibration mechanism rotate in the same direction and at the same angle, the calibration mechanism is connected to a power mechanism through a transmission mechanism, the power mechanism and the calibration mechanism have the same rotation length, and a scale plate (17) is provided on the power mechanism. The present invention can accurately calibrate the radar antenna distance wheel, improve the measurement accuracy of the distance wheel in production practice, and reduce the measurement error of the distance wheel; when calibrating the radar antenna distance wheel, the requirements for the site are reduced, and the calibration of the radar antenna distance wheel can be completed indoors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration, and in particular to a radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device and method. Background Art

[0002] Radar is a device used to radiate and receive electromagnetic waves and determine the direction of detection. When transmitting, the radar must concentrate the energy to radiate in the direction required for irradiation; when receiving, it should only receive the echo in the detection direction as much as possible, and distinguish the azimuth and elevation of the target or one of the two. Among the three coordinates (azimuth, elevation and distance) of the target position measured by radar, the measurement of two coordinates (azimuth and elevation) is directly related to the performance of the antenna. Therefore, antenna performance is more important for radar equipment than for other electronic equipment (such as communication equipment, etc.).

[0003] The three-dimensional electromagnetic beam formed by the radar antenna in space is usually described by the horizontal cross-sectional diagram (i.e. horizontal directional diagram) and the vertical cross-sectional diagram (i.e. vertical directional diagram) of the beam. The directional diagram is in the shape of petals, also known as the lobe diagram. The conventional antenna directional diagram has a main lobe and multiple side lobes. The main lobe is used to detect targets. The side lobes, also known as side lobes, are useless and the smaller the better. The tactical use of radar is different, and the required antenna beam shape is also different. The transmitting beam and receiving beam of conventional radar are the same, and the transmitting beam and receiving beam of some special radars are different. Most pulse radars share the same antenna for transmission and reception, and the antenna transceiver switch is used to switch the transmission and reception working states. Some radars (such as multi-base radars and continuous wave radars) have separate transmitting antennas and receiving antennas.

[0004] There are many types of radar antennas. According to their structural forms, they are mainly divided into two categories: reflector antennas and array antennas. According to the scanning method of the antenna beam, radar antennas can be divided into mechanical scanning antennas, electronic scanning antennas and electromechanical scanning antennas. The reflector antenna consists of a reflector and a radiator. The radiator is also called a feed source, a radiating element, or an illuminator. It radiates electromagnetic waves to the reflector and forms a beam after reflection. Typical reflector antennas are rotating parabolic antennas, cut parabolic antennas, parabolic cylinder antennas, Cassegrain antennas, single pulse antennas, stacked beam antennas, shaped beam antennas, and offset fed antennas. The mechanical scanning antenna drives the antenna to rotate mechanically to achieve two-dimensional scanning of the antenna beam in azimuth and elevation, and the scanning speed is slow. The electronic scanning antenna is fixed, and the two-dimensional scanning of the beam in azimuth and elevation is achieved by controlling the feed phase or working frequency of each radiating unit on the array antenna using electronic technology. The beam scanning speed is very fast. The azimuth scanning of the electromechanical scanning antenna is generally performed by mechanically driving the antenna to rotate, and the elevation scanning is achieved by electronic technology controlling the feeding phase or working frequency of each radiating unit. Therefore, the azimuth scanning is slow, and the elevation scanning is fast. Sometimes the electromechanical scanning antenna is also called a one-dimensional electronic scanning antenna.

[0005] The current radar antenna distance wheel calibration mostly uses a method of measuring a distance on a plane, then dragging the radar antenna on the ground to measure the distance, and reading the displacement of the distance wheel on the radar screen. The measurement precision and inaccuracy of this method result in large measurement errors. Summary of the invention

[0006] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device to solve the technical problem of poor and inaccurate calibration accuracy of radar antenna distance measuring wheels.

[0007] The first objective of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical scheme: a radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device, comprising a radar antenna body, on which a distance measuring mechanism and a calibration mechanism are arranged, the distance measuring mechanism and the calibration mechanism rotate in the same direction and at the same angle, the calibration mechanism is connected to a power mechanism through a transmission mechanism, the power mechanism and the calibration mechanism have the same rotation length, and a dial is arranged on the power mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the distance measuring mechanism includes a distance measuring wheel, and the distance measuring wheel is arranged on the radar antenna body through a connecting rod on a bearing.

[0009] Furthermore, the bearing is arranged on the radar antenna body through a connecting steel, and a calibration mechanism is also arranged on the connecting rod. The calibration mechanism includes a calibration wheel, and the calibration wheel is provided with calibration gears. The distance measuring wheel and the calibration wheel are driven to rotate in the same direction and angle through the connecting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing bolt is arranged on the outermost side of the connecting rod to prevent the distance measuring wheel and the calibration wheel from falling off.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a crawler chain, on which a plurality of chain plates are arranged, the chain plates are connected together by a chain plate connecting shaft, tooth openings are formed between adjacent chain plates, and the tooth openings match the calibrated gear teeth.

[0012] Furthermore, the power mechanism includes a power wheel, the power wheel is provided with power gear teeth, and the power gear teeth are connected to the transmission mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the power wheel is arranged on a triangular support through a square bearing.

[0014] Furthermore, a crank is provided on the square bearing, and a mechanical counter for recording the number of rotations of the power wheel is provided between the crank and the power wheel.

[0015] The second object of the present invention is to provide a radar antenna ranging wheel calibration method to solve the technical problem of poor and inaccurate calibration accuracy of the radar antenna ranging wheel.

[0016] The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a radar antenna ranging wheel calibration method, using the above-mentioned radar antenna ranging wheel calibration device, the radar antenna ranging wheel calibration method comprises the following steps:

[0017] Assume the radius of the distance measuring wheel is R1 and the angle of rotation is θ1, the radius of the calibration wheel is R2 and the angle of rotation is θ2, the radius of the power wheel is R3 and the angle of rotation is θ3, the dial angle is θ4, and the reading of the mechanical counter is n;

[0018] The ranging wheel rotates through the path L1, L1 = R1 × θ1;

[0019] The calibration wheel rotates through the path L2, L2 = R2 × θ2, where θ1 = θ2;

[0020] The power wheel rotates through path L3, L2 = L3;

[0021] Mechanical counter reading n, n2πR3+R3θ4=L3;

[0022] Combined with the above formula, the distance measuring wheel rotates through the path L1 to obtain the calibration distance, Among them, R1, R2, and R3 are all known quantities, and n and θ4 can be read by a mechanical counter and a dial respectively.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: in view of the problem that the calibration accuracy of the current radar antenna distance measuring wheel is poor and inaccurate, a radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device and calibration method are designed by utilizing the transmission chain principle, which can calibrate the radar antenna distance measuring wheel more accurately, improve the measurement accuracy of the distance measuring wheel in production practice, and reduce the measurement error of the distance measuring wheel; when calibrating the radar antenna distance measuring wheel, the requirements for the site are reduced, and the calibration of the radar antenna distance measuring wheel can be completed indoors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the radar antenna with a range-measuring wheel;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the radar antenna with a distance measuring wheel and a calibration wheel;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the power mechanism structure;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dial pasted on the side of the power wheel;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism structure;

[0031] In the figure, 1-radar antenna body, 2-pull rod connecting pedestal, 3-connecting steel, 4-fixing bolt, 5-distance measuring wheel, 6-bearing, 7-calibration wheel, 8-calibration gear teeth, 9-triangular support, 10-crank handle, 11-power wheel, 12-power wheel teeth, 13-square bearing, 14-crawler chain, 15-tooth mouth, 16 chain plate connecting shaft, 17-dial, 18-mechanical counter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention aims at the technical problem that in the prior art, for calibration of the radar antenna distance measuring wheel, a distance is usually measured on a plane, and then the radar antenna is dragged on the ground to measure the distance, and the displacement of the distance measuring wheel on the radar screen is read. However, the measurement accuracy and inaccuracy of this radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration method result in large measurement errors, and a solution is proposed. For details, see the embodiments.

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0034] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] See also Figure 1A radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device comprises a radar antenna body 1, on which a distance measuring mechanism and a calibration mechanism are arranged, the distance measuring mechanism and the calibration mechanism rotate in the same direction and at the same angle, the calibration mechanism is connected to a power mechanism through a transmission mechanism, the power mechanism and the calibration mechanism have the same rotation length (distance), and a scale plate 17 is arranged on the power mechanism. Since the distance measuring mechanism and the calibration mechanism have the same rotation angle, and the power mechanism and the calibration mechanism have the same rotation length, the calibration length of the radar antenna distance measuring wheel can be calculated through the relationship among the distance measuring mechanism, the calibration mechanism and the power mechanism.

[0037] In this embodiment, the distance measuring mechanism includes a distance measuring wheel 5, which is arranged on the radar antenna body 1 through a connecting rod on a bearing 6. The bearing is an important component in contemporary mechanical equipment. Its main function is to support the mechanical rotating body, reduce its friction coefficient during movement, and ensure its rotation accuracy.

[0038] In this embodiment, the bearing 6 is arranged on the radar antenna body 1 through the connecting steel 3, and a calibration mechanism is also arranged on the connecting rod, and the calibration mechanism includes a calibration wheel 7, and the calibration wheel 7 is provided with calibration gears 8, and the distance measuring wheel 5 and the calibration wheel 7 are driven to rotate in the same direction and angle through the connecting rod. It can be understood that the present application arranges the bearing 6 on the radar antenna body 1 through the connecting steel 3, and in actual application, in order to realize the distance measuring wheel 5 and the calibration wheel 7 rotating in the same direction and angle, the connecting rod can also be fixed on the connecting steel 3, and the bearing is arranged on the distance measuring wheel 5 and the calibration wheel 7, and the distance measuring wheel 5 and the calibration wheel 7 are fixed on the bearing, which can also realize the distance measuring wheel 5 and the calibration wheel 7 rotating in the same direction and angle.

[0039] Bearings can be divided into sliding bearings, spherical bearings, rolling bearings, deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, self-aligning ball bearings, thrust ball bearings, bidirectional thrust angular contact ball bearings, thrust roller bearings, needle bearings, outer spherical ball bearings, self-aligning roller bearings, flange bearings and seated bearings. The function of bearings should be support, that is, literally used to support the shaft, but this is only part of its function. The essence of support is to be able to bear radial loads. It can also be understood that it is used to fix the shaft. The automatic selection of bearings is included, that is, to fix the shaft so that it can only rotate, while controlling its axial and radial movement. The bearing 6 recorded in this application can adopt sliding bearings or deep groove ball bearings, sliding bearings (sliding bearings), bearings that work under sliding friction. Sliding bearings work smoothly, reliably and without noise. Under liquid lubrication conditions, the sliding surfaces are separated by lubricating oil without direct contact, and friction losses and surface wear can be greatly reduced. The oil film also has a certain vibration absorption capacity. However, the starting friction resistance is large. The part of the shaft supported by the bearing is called the journal, and the part that matches the journal is called the bearing. The anti-friction material layer cast on the inner surface of the bearing to improve the friction properties of the bearing surface is called the bearing liner. The materials of the bearing and the bearing liner are collectively referred to as sliding bearing materials. Sliding bearings are generally used under high-speed and light-load conditions. Deep groove ball bearings (GB / T 276-2003) were originally listed as radial ball bearings, which are the most widely used rolling bearings. It is characterized by low friction resistance and high speed. It can be used on parts that bear radial loads or combined loads of radial and axial forces at the same time. It can also be used on parts that bear axial loads, such as low-power motors, automobile and tractor gearboxes, machine tool gearboxes, general machines, tools, etc. The application does not limit the selection of the bearing 6, as long as it can meet the requirements of the distance measuring wheel 5 and the calibration wheel 7 rotating in the same direction and at the same angle.

[0040] In the present embodiment, a fixing bolt 4 is provided on the outermost side of the connecting rod to prevent the distance measuring wheel 5 and the calibration wheel 7 from falling off. It can be understood that in actual applications, calibration wheels 7 of different diameters can be selected according to different needs. In order to facilitate the replacement of the calibration wheel 7, the calibration wheel 7 is arranged on the outer side of the distance measuring wheel 5. When the calibration wheel 7 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to rotate the fixing bolt 4. After the fixing bolt 4 is taken out, the calibration wheel 7 can be replaced.

[0041] In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism uses a chain for transmission. The chain is divided into four types according to different uses and functions: transmission chain, conveyor chain, traction chain and special chain. Transmission chain: a chain mainly used to transmit power; conveyor chain: a chain mainly used to convey materials; traction chain: a chain mainly used for pulling and lifting; special chain: a chain with special functions and structures mainly used on special mechanical devices. Among similar products, the chain product series are divided according to the basic structure of the chain, that is, according to the shape of the components, the parts and parts that mesh with the chain, and the size ratio between the parts. There are many types of chains, but their basic structures are only the following, and the others are deformations of these types. We can see from the above chain structures that most chains are composed of chain plates, chain pins, shaft sleeves and other components. Other types of chains only make different changes to the chain plates according to different needs. Some chains are equipped with scrapers, some are equipped with guide bearings, and some are equipped with rollers on the chain plates, etc. These are all modifications for application in different applications. In the present embodiment, the transmission mechanism adopts a crawler chain 14, on which a plurality of chain plates are arranged, and the chain plates are connected together by a chain plate connecting shaft 16, and tooth openings 15 are formed between adjacent chain plates, and the tooth openings 15 are meshed with the teeth of the calibration gear teeth 8. The teeth of the calibration gear teeth 8 are in contact with the tooth openings 15 on the crawler chain 14, so that the calibration gear teeth 8 can be driven to operate, and then the calibration wheel 7 can be driven to rotate. Since the distance measuring wheel 5 and the calibration wheel 7 are relatively fixed, the distance measuring wheel 5 and the calibration wheel 7 can be driven to rotate in the same direction and angle.

[0042] In this embodiment, the power mechanism includes a power wheel 11, on which power gear teeth 12 are provided, and the power gear teeth 12 are connected to the transmission mechanism. Furthermore, the gear teeth of the power gear teeth 12 are meshed with the tooth openings 15 on the transmission mechanism. The gear teeth of the power gear teeth 12 and the tooth openings 15 are in contact with each other, which can drive the transmission mechanism to rotate, thereby driving the calibration gear teeth 8 to rotate.

[0043] In this embodiment, the power wheel 11 is arranged on the triangular support 9 through a square bearing 13 , and a dial 17 is pasted on the side of the power wheel 11 .

[0044] In this embodiment, a crank 10 is provided on the square bearing 13 , and a mechanical counter 18 for recording the number of rotations of the power wheel 11 is provided between the crank 10 and the power wheel 11 .

[0045] In this embodiment, a pull rod connection base 2 is also provided on the radar antenna body 1 .

[0046] Furthermore, the method for calibrating the distance measuring wheel using the radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device is as follows:

[0047] Assume that the radius R1 and the angle θ1 of the distance measuring wheel 5, the radius R2 and the angle θ2 of the calibration wheel 7, the radius R3 and the angle θ3 of the power wheel 11, the angle θ4 of the dial 17, and the reading n of the mechanical counter 18;

[0048] The distance measuring wheel 5 rotates through a path L1, L1 = R1 × θ1;

[0049] The calibration wheel 7 rotates through a path L2, L2 = R2 × θ2, where θ1 = θ2;

[0050] The power wheel 11 rotates through a path L3, L2 = L3;

[0051] The mechanical counter 18 reads n, n2πR3+R3θ4=L3;

[0052] Combined with the above formula, the distance measuring wheel 5 rotates through the path L1 to obtain the calibration distance, Among them, R1, R2, and R3 are all known quantities, and n and θ4 can be read by the mechanical counter 18 and the dial 17 respectively.

[0053] Furthermore, for the convenience of calculation, we can let If a calibration wheel 7 of different diameters is used, the radius R2 of the calibration wheel 7 can be calculated using After testing, the following table can be directly given:

[0054] Table 1

[0055]

[0056] Then the calibration distance of the radar antenna range wheel can be obtained as:

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects: the requirements for the site during calibration are reduced, and the calibration of the radar antenna ranging wheel can be completed indoors; the calibration measurement accuracy is improved, and the measurement error caused by the relative sliding of the ranging wheel and the ground is reduced.

[0058] It should be noted that, for the above embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present application, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification belong to preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0059] In addition, the terms "connected" and "set" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "connected" or "set" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Moreover, the terms "connected", "set", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0060] The above embodiments describe the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall be within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radar antenna range wheel calibration device, comprising a radar antenna body (1), characterized in that: The radar antenna body (1) is provided with a distance measuring mechanism and a calibration mechanism, the distance measuring mechanism and the calibration mechanism rotate in the same direction and at the same angle, the calibration mechanism is connected to the power mechanism via a transmission mechanism, the power mechanism and the calibration mechanism have the same rotation length, and the power mechanism is provided with a dial (17); The distance measuring mechanism comprises a distance measuring wheel (5), the distance measuring wheel (5) being arranged on the radar antenna body (1) via a connecting rod on a bearing (6), the bearing (6) being arranged on the radar antenna body (1) via a connecting steel (3), a calibration mechanism being further arranged on the connecting rod, the calibration mechanism comprising a calibration wheel (7), the calibration wheel (7) being provided with calibration gear teeth (8), and the distance measuring wheel (5) and the calibration wheel (7) being driven by the connecting rod to rotate in the same direction and at the same angle; The transmission mechanism comprises a crawler chain (14), on which a plurality of chain plates are arranged, the chain plates are connected together via a chain plate connecting shaft (16), tooth openings (15) are formed between adjacent chain plates, and the tooth openings (15) match the calibration gear teeth (8).

2. A radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The outermost side of the connecting rod is provided with a fixing bolt (4) for preventing the distance measuring wheel (5) and the calibration wheel (7) from falling off.

3. A radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The power mechanism comprises a power wheel (11), the power wheel (11) is provided with power gear teeth (12), and the power gear teeth (12) are connected to the transmission mechanism.

4. A radar antenna distance measuring wheel calibration device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The power wheel (11) is arranged on the triangular support (9) via a square bearing (13).

5. A radar antenna distance wheel calibration device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A crank (10) is provided on the square bearing (13), and a mechanical counter (18) for recording the number of rotations of the power wheel (11) is provided between the crank (10) and the power wheel (11).

6. A radar antenna distance wheel calibration method, using the radar antenna distance wheel calibration device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Assume that the radius of the measuring wheel (5) is and corners , Radius of calibration wheel (7) and corners , Radius of power wheel (11) and corners , dial (17) angle , the mechanical counter (18) reads n; The distance measuring wheel (5) turns along the path , ; The calibration wheel (7) rotates through the path , ,in ; The power wheel (11) turns the path , ; Mechanical counter (18) reading , ; Combined with the above formula, the distance measuring wheel (5) rotates through the path To calibrate the distance, ,in , , are all known quantities, and It can be read by the mechanical counter (18) and the dial (17) respectively.

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