Energy storage layout configuration method and device, equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

This application relates to an energy storage layout and configuration method, apparatus, equipment, storage medium, and program product. It involves obtaining a first constraint condition (maximum frequency change rate), a second constraint condition (maximum frequency deviation), and a third constraint condition (system damping) of the target power system. Based on these constraints, it solves for the rated energy storage power and virtual inertial control power ratio parameters of each energy storage node that satisfy the target conditions. The target condition is to minimize the sum of the rated energy storage power of multiple energy storage nodes. Finally, it configures each energy storage node in the target power system according to the solved rated energy storage power. This method can suppress low-frequency oscillations in the target power system while meeting system frequency safety requirements and minimizing energy storage costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power system planning, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment, storage medium, and program product for energy storage layout and configuration. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, the current power system is characterized by a high proportion of renewable energy and a high proportion of power electronic equipment. This leads to a more severe deterioration of various frequency indicators in the power system when subjected to power disturbances, potentially resulting in low-frequency oscillations. Low-frequency oscillations can cause overcurrent tripping of tie lines, seriously threatening the stability of the power system.

[0003] Currently, practical methods for suppressing low-frequency oscillations in power systems include installing power system stabilizers or energy storage devices. Energy storage devices are used to store electrical energy, and adding energy storage devices to a power system can improve its frequency response.

[0004] The layout and control parameters of energy storage devices affect the effectiveness of improving the frequency response of the power system. A suitable layout can help suppress low-frequency oscillations in the power system, but the current energy storage technology has a weak effect on suppressing low-frequency oscillations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an energy storage layout configuration method, device, equipment, storage medium, and program product that can effectively suppress low-frequency oscillations, addressing the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a method for configuring an energy storage layout. The method includes:

[0007] The first constraint for the maximum frequency change rate, the second constraint for the maximum frequency deviation, and the third constraint for system damping of the target power system are obtained. The target power system includes multiple energy storage nodes, multiple generator nodes, and multiple load nodes. Based on the first, second, and third constraints, the power ratio parameters of the virtual inertial control that satisfy the target conditions and the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node are solved. The target condition is that the sum of the rated energy storage power of multiple energy storage nodes is minimized. Based on the rated energy storage power and power ratio parameters of each energy storage node, each energy storage node in the target power system is configured.

[0008] In one embodiment, the third constraint includes:

[0009] max(σ Φ (P E ,α))<σ min,set ; where max(σ Φ (PE ,α)) represents the maximum value among the real parts of the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix of the target power system; σ min,set This is a set constant value.

[0010] In one embodiment, the calculation process of the eigenvalues ​​includes:

[0011] Obtain the power flow equations of the target power system; based on the power flow equations, determine the first relationship between the electromagnetic power of the generator nodes, the generator rotor angle, and the active power of each load node after adding energy storage; based on the frequency response equations of the generator nodes in the target power system, the inertial center frequency of the target power system, the second relationship between the increased energy storage power and frequency of the target power system, and the first relationship, obtain the state equations of the target power system; obtain the state matrix based on the state equations of the target power system, and calculate the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix.

[0012] In one embodiment, the power flow equations include:

[0013]

[0014] Where, ΔP g ΔP is the vector of electromagnetic power variation injected into the target power system from the generator's internal node. G ΔP is the vector of active power changes injected into the target power system by the generator terminal node; L Δδ is the vector of active power changes injected from the load node into the target power system. g Δθ is the vector of the rotor angle change of the generator. G Δθ is the vector representing the phase angle change at the generator terminal nodes. L B is the vector of phase angle changes at the load nodes; GG B GL , B LG , B LL B is the system node admittance matrix; gg B gG , B Gg To incorporate the matrix expanded by the generator's direct-axis impedance, the above calculation method is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] Where, N g Let n be the set of nodes within the generator. g For N g The number of elements in the set; P gi Injecting electromagnetic power variation into the node side of generator i; δ gi X represents the change in rotor angle of generator i; diLet be the direct-axis impedance of generator i; where the side with the internal potential of the generator is called the internal node of the generator, and the side with the terminal voltage is called the terminal node of the generator.

[0017] In one embodiment, the state equation includes:

[0018]

[0019] Where Δω is the change in rotor electrical angular velocity of each generator in the target power system; ΔP m Let ΔP be the matrix of mechanical power changes of each generator in the target power system; L ' represents the power disturbance vector; E is the identity matrix: for ng The identity matrix is ​​3D; ω0 = 2πf0 is the rated rotor electric angular velocity, which is the per-unit value of the base capacity, and the rated frequency is f0 = 50Hz; the above calculation method is as follows:

[0020]

[0021]

[0022]

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

[0032] Where, ω i ΔP represents the change in rotor electrical angular velocity of generator i in the target power system. mi H represents the change in mechanical power of generator i in the target power system; gi D is the inertial time constant of generator i; i T is the damping constant of generator i; gi K is the governor time constant of generator i; giLet be the power-frequency droop coefficient of generator i; α be the power ratio used for virtual inertial control; (1-α) be the power ratio for droop control; H E Virtual inertia coefficient H for all energy storage nodes Ei The diagonal matrix formed; K E The droop coefficient K for all energy storage nodes Ei The diagonal matrix formed; P E The rated power vector of energy storage installed at each node in the target power system.

[0033] In one embodiment, As a state matrix.

[0034] In one embodiment, the first constraint includes:

[0035]

[0036] Where α is the power ratio used for virtual inertial control; N L Let n be the set of energy storage nodes. l For N L The number of elements in the set; P Ei The rated power of the energy storage installed at energy storage node i; ΔP L The disturbance power set for the target power system; RoCoF max,set The setting value for the maximum rate of change of frequency; H Eq The inertial time constant H of all generators gi The sum of; H E This represents the virtual inertia coefficient of the energy storage node.

[0037] In one embodiment, the second constraint includes:

[0038]

[0039] in, N L Let n be the set of the energy storage nodes. l For N L The number of elements in the set; P Ei The rated power of the energy storage installed at energy storage node i; t nadir The time when the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system occurs; Δf max,set This is the setting value for the maximum allowable frequency deviation of the target power system.

[0040] In one embodiment, the time t at which the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system occurs is... nadir The possible values ​​include:

[0041] Under overdamped conditions, the time when the maximum frequency deviation occurs is:

[0042]

[0043] In the formula,

[0044] Among them, T g H is the time constant of the generator's speed governor. sys K sys K ss The formula for calculating the parameters is as follows;

[0045]

[0046] D i K is the damping constant of generator i; E K represents the droop factor of the energy storage node. gi Let be the power-frequency droop coefficient of generator i;

[0047] At critical damping, the time when the system's maximum frequency deviation occurs is:

[0048]

[0049] In the formula,

[0050] When the system is underdamped, the time when the maximum frequency deviation occurs is:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula,

[0053] Secondly, this application also provides an energy storage layout configuration device. The device includes:

[0054] The acquisition module is used to acquire the first constraint condition of the maximum frequency change rate, the second constraint condition of the maximum frequency deviation, and the third constraint condition of the system damping of the target power system. The target power system includes multiple energy storage nodes, multiple generator nodes, and multiple load nodes.

[0055] The solution module is used to solve the power ratio parameter of the virtual inertial control that satisfies the target condition and the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node based on the first constraint condition, the second constraint condition and the third constraint condition, wherein the target condition is that the sum of the rated energy storage power of the multiple energy storage nodes is minimized.

[0056] The configuration module is used to configure each energy storage node in the target power system based on the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node and the power ratio parameter.

[0057] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer device. The computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the method described in the first aspect above.

[0058] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect above.

[0059] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer program product. This computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect above.

[0060] The aforementioned energy storage layout configuration method, device, equipment, storage medium, and program product obtain the first constraint of the maximum frequency change rate, the second constraint of the maximum frequency deviation, and the third constraint of system damping of the target power system. Based on the obtained first, second, and third constraints, it solves for the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node and the power ratio parameters of virtual inertial control that satisfy the target conditions. The target condition is to minimize the sum of the rated energy storage power of multiple energy storage nodes. Finally, it configures each energy storage node in the target power system according to the solved rated energy storage power. In this way, in a given power system structure, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node, and under the conditions of satisfying the maximum frequency change rate constraint, the maximum frequency deviation constraint, and the system damping constraint, it solves for the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node and configures the power system according to the rated energy storage power. This method can effectively suppress low-frequency oscillations of the system while meeting the system frequency safety requirements, and at the same time reduce the required energy storage power. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an energy storage layout configuration method in one embodiment;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the energy storage layout configuration method in another embodiment;

[0063] Figure 3 Here is a topology diagram of the IEEE-39 node system in another embodiment;

[0064] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the energy storage layout planning results in another embodiment;

[0065] Figure 5 In another embodiment, the frequency diagram of each unit of the energy storage system is planned before energy storage is implemented;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a frequency diagram of each unit in the energy storage system planned in another embodiment;

[0067] Figure 7 This is the product of the system's frequency deviations when the disturbance occurs at different nodes in another embodiment;

[0068] Figure 8 This is a structural block diagram of the energy storage layout configuration device in another embodiment;

[0069] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer device in another embodiment.

[0070] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0071] 701. Before energy storage is installed; 702. After energy storage is installed. Detailed Implementation

[0072] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0073] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, an energy storage layout configuration method is provided. Taking the application of this method to a terminal as an example, it can be understood that this method can also be applied to a server, and furthermore, to a system including both a terminal and a server, and is implemented through interaction between the terminal and the server. The method includes the following steps:

[0074] Step 101: The terminal obtains the first constraint condition for the maximum frequency change rate of the target power system, the second constraint condition for the maximum frequency deviation, and the third constraint condition for system damping.

[0075] The target power system includes multiple energy storage nodes, multiple generator nodes, and multiple load nodes. The first constraint on the maximum frequency change rate of the target power system is that the maximum frequency change rate of the target power system cannot exceed a preset constant value. The second constraint on the maximum frequency deviation is that the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system cannot exceed a preset constant value. The third constraint on system damping refers to the conditions that system damping must meet to suppress low-frequency oscillations in the target power system.

[0076] Step 102: The terminal solves for the power ratio parameters of the virtual inertial control that satisfy the target conditions and the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node based on the first constraint, the second constraint and the third constraint.

[0077] The objective condition is to minimize the sum of the rated energy storage power of multiple energy storage nodes. Minimizing the sum of the rated energy storage power ensures the lowest possible construction cost for energy storage. The power ratio parameter for virtual inertial control refers to the proportion of the rated energy storage power used for virtual inertial control.

[0078] Step 103: Configure each of the energy storage nodes in the target power system based on the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node and the power ratio parameter.

[0079] The rated energy storage power of each energy storage node that satisfies the three constraints is determined, and the energy storage of the node is configured according to the rated energy storage power.

[0080] In the aforementioned energy storage deployment method, the first constraint of the maximum frequency change rate, the second constraint of the maximum frequency deviation, and the third constraint of system damping of the target power system are obtained. Based on these constraints, the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node and the power ratio parameters of virtual inertial control are calculated to satisfy the target conditions. The target condition is to minimize the sum of the rated energy storage power of multiple energy storage nodes. Finally, the energy storage nodes in the target power system are configured according to the calculated rated energy storage power of each node. In this way, in a given power system structure, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node, and under the conditions of satisfying the maximum frequency change rate constraint, the maximum frequency deviation constraint, and the system damping constraint, the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node is calculated, and the power system is configured according to the rated energy storage power. This method can suppress low-frequency oscillations of the system while meeting the system frequency safety requirements, and simultaneously reduce the required energy storage power.

[0081] In one embodiment, the third constraint includes:

[0082] max(σ Φ (P E ,α))<σ min,set , where max(σ Φ (P E ,α)) represents the maximum value among the real parts of the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix of the target power system; σ min,set This is a set constant value.

[0083] The low-frequency oscillations of the target power system are determined by the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix. To suppress the low-frequency oscillations of the target power system, the system damping is generally required to be less than a set constant value for any eigenvalue.

[0084] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the calculation process for solving the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix of the target power system includes:

[0085] Step 201: The terminal obtains the power flow equations of the target power system.

[0086] Establish power flow equations based on the structure of the target power system.

[0087] Step 202: The terminal determines the first relationship between the electromagnetic power of the generator nodes, the generator rotor angle, and the active power of each load node in the target power system after adding energy storage, based on the power flow equation.

[0088] Based on the power flow equations, the relationships between the electromagnetic power of the generator nodes, the generator rotor angle, and the active power of each load node in the target power system can be derived. Energy storage can be installed at any load node in the target power system. By adding the energy storage power to the derived relationships, the first relationship between the electromagnetic power of the generator nodes, the generator rotor angle, and the active power of each load node in the target power system after adding energy storage can be obtained.

[0089] Step 203: The terminal obtains the state equation of the target power system based on the frequency response equation of the generator node in the target power system, the inertial center frequency of the target power system, the second relationship between the energy storage power generation and frequency of the target power system, and the first relationship.

[0090] Step 204: The terminal obtains the state matrix based on the state equation of the target power system and calculates the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix.

[0091] In the above embodiments, the state equation of the target power system is determined, the state matrix is ​​obtained, and the eigenvalues ​​are calculated. The low-frequency oscillation of the target power system is determined by the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix. When the eigenvalues ​​meet certain conditions, the low-frequency oscillation of the target power system can be suppressed.

[0092] In one embodiment, the side with the generator's internal potential is called the generator internal node, and the side with the terminal voltage is called the generator terminal node. The power flow equations of the target power system are:

[0093]

[0094] Where, ΔP g ΔP is the vector of electromagnetic power variation injected into the target power system from the generator's internal node. G ΔP is the vector of active power changes injected into the target power system by the generator terminal node; L Δδ is the vector of active power changes injected from the load node into the target power system. g Δθ is the vector of the rotor angle change of the generator. G Δθ is the vector representing the phase angle change at the generator terminal nodes. L B is the vector of phase angle changes at the load nodes; GGB GL , B LG , B LL B is the system node admittance matrix; gg B gG , B Gg To incorporate the matrix expanded by the generator's direct-axis impedance, the above calculation method is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] Where, N g Let n be the set of nodes within the generator, that is, the set of generator nodes. g For N g The number of elements in the set; P gi Injecting electromagnetic power variation into the node side of generator i; δ gi X represents the change in rotor angle of generator i; di Let be the direct-axis impedance of generator i.

[0097] According to formula (1), we can obtain:

[0098]

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] make:

[0102] Then formula (3) can be written as:

[0103] ΔP g =JΔδ g +LΔP′ L (4)

[0104] Where, ΔP′ L The power disturbance vector is represented by formula (4), which is the relationship between the electromagnetic power of the generator nodes in the target power system, the generator rotor angle, and the active power of each load node.

[0105] In one embodiment, the process of establishing the state equations of the target power system is as follows.

[0106] With system rated capacity S sys Given a rated frequency f0 = 50Hz and a rated rotor electric angular velocity ω0 = 2πf0, which are per-unit values ​​of the base capacity, the formula is derived. The frequency response equation of the generator in the target power system is:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, Hgi Let Δf be the inertial time constant of generator i; i ΔP represents the frequency change of generator i. mi ΔP represents the change in mechanical power of generator i. gi Let Δδ be the change in electromagnetic power of generator i. gi D represents the change in rotor angle of generator i; i T is the damping constant of generator i; gi K is the governor time constant of generator i; gi Δω is the power-frequency droop coefficient of generator i. i Let be the change in the rotor electric angular velocity of generator i.

[0109] Under per-unit values, the following should be true:

[0110] Δω i =Δf i ;

[0111] For ease of expression, Δω will be used instead of Δf in the following text.

[0112] When energy storage participates in frequency regulation through droop control and virtual inertial control, the reference frequency is generally the inertial center frequency of the target power system.

[0113]

[0114] Among them, f COI f is the inertial center frequency of the target power system. i Let i be the frequency of generator i.

[0115] Assume the rated power of the energy storage installed at energy storage node i is P. Ei The power ratios used for virtual inertial control and droop control are α and (1-α), respectively, and the droop coefficient and virtual inertial coefficient of energy storage node i are K. Ei With H Ei Then the relationship between the increased power of energy storage node i and the frequency is:

[0116]

[0117] Where, Δf COI The system's inertial center frequency f COI Subtract 1; N L It is a collection of energy storage nodes.

[0118] Energy storage can be installed at any generalized load node in the target power system. When increasing the energy storage power in formula (4), we have:

[0119] ΔP g =JΔδ g +L(ΔP′L +ΔP E (8)

[0120] Where, ΔP E The power vector for energy storage is calculated as follows:

[0121]

[0122]

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] Among them, P E P represents the rated power vector of energy storage installed at each node in the target power system. Ei H represents the rated energy storage power of energy storage node i; E Virtual inertia coefficient H for all energy storage nodes Ei The diagonal matrix formed; K E The droop coefficient K for all energy storage nodes Ei A diagonal matrix formed.

[0126] Combining equations (5), (6), (7), and (8), we obtain the system state equation (9):

[0127]

[0128] The calculation methods for each parameter are shown below.

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132]

[0133]

[0134]

[0135]

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] Where Δω is the matrix representing the change in rotor electric angular velocity of each generator in the target power system; ΔP mLet ΔP be the matrix of mechanical power changes of each generator in the target power system; L ' represents the power disturbance vector; E is the identity matrix: for ng ω is a dimensional identity matrix. i ΔP represents the change in rotor electrical angular velocity of generator i in the target power system. mi Let be the change in mechanical power of generator i in the target power system.

[0139] In one embodiment, This is the state matrix.

[0140] Let the state matrix of the system be A(P) E ,α):

[0141]

[0142] have:

[0143] A(P E ,α)p i =λ i p i ;

[0144] Where, λ i Let A(P) be the state matrix. E The i-th specific root of α), p i This is the corresponding feature vector.

[0145] The low-frequency oscillations of the system are caused by the eigenvalues ​​λ of the state matrix. i Decision, λ i Let λ be a complex number. i The real and imaginary parts can be represented as P E The function of α is shown below:

[0146] λ i =σ i (P E ,α)+jΩ i (P E ,α);

[0147] Where the real part is σ i (P E ,α), where the imaginary part is Ω. i (P E ,α).

[0148] To suppress low-frequency oscillations in the system, system damping generally requires that for any characteristic root λ... i The real part is less than a preset constant value, for example: σ i (P E ,α)<-0.15.

[0149] In one embodiment, the maximum frequency change rate of the target power system needs to meet certain constraints, namely the first constraint, which is:

[0150]

[0151] α and P Ei As a parameter, the above expression can be written as:

[0152]

[0153] Where α is the power ratio used for virtual inertial control; N L Let n be the set of energy storage nodes. l For N L The number of elements in the set; P Ei The rated power of the energy storage installed at energy storage node i; ΔP L The disturbance power set for the target power system; RoCoF max,set The setting value for the maximum rate of change of frequency; H Eq The inertial time constant H of all generators gi The sum of; H E H represents the virtual inertia coefficient of the energy storage node. When the virtual inertia coefficients of the energy storage nodes are the same, H... Ei It can be represented as H E .

[0154] In one embodiment, the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system needs to meet certain constraints, namely the second constraint, as follows:

[0155]

[0156] in, For |Δf COI (t nadir || represents the maximum frequency deviation of the system; N L Let n be the set of the energy storage nodes. l For N L The number of elements in the set; P Ei The rated power of the energy storage installed at energy storage node i; t nadir The time when the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system occurs; Δf max,set This is the setting value for the maximum allowable frequency deviation of the target power system.

[0157] In one embodiment, the time t at which the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system occurs is... nadir The calculation method for the value of is as follows.

[0158] The swing equation for the system's inertial center frequency is:

[0159]

[0160] The calculation methods for each parameter are as follows:

[0161]

[0162]

[0163]

[0164] In the above formula, D i K is the damping constant of generator i; E K represents the droop factor of the energy storage node. gi Let be the power-frequency droop coefficient of generator i.

[0165] Solving the second-order differential equation shown in formula (11), the response mode is determined by its discriminant Δ:

[0166] Δ=(2H sys +T g K sys ) 2 -8T g H sys K ss =(2H sys -T g K sys ) 2 -8T g H sys K g ;

[0167] When Δ>0, the system is in an overdamped state; when Δ<0, the system is in an underdamped state; and when Δ=0, the system is in a critically damped state. The following describes how to calculate the minimum frequency point of the system, i.e. the time when the maximum frequency deviation occurs, under the three states.

[0168] (1) Under the condition of overdamping, the frequency response equation of the system is:

[0169]

[0170] In the formula,

[0171] Solve for dΔf COI / dt=0, we can obtain the time t when the maximum frequency deviation occurs. nadir for:

[0172] The time when the maximum frequency deviation occurs is:

[0173]

[0174] (2) At critical damping, the frequency response equation of the system is:

[0175]

[0176] In the formula,

[0177] The time when the system's maximum frequency deviation occurs is:

[0178]

[0179] (3) In the underdamped state, the frequency response equation of the system is:

[0180]

[0181] In the formula,

[0182] The time when the system's maximum frequency deviation occurs is:

[0183]

[0184] In one embodiment, the goal of optimizing the energy storage power layout to suppress low-frequency oscillations in the target power system is to ensure that when energy storage participates in frequency regulation of the target power system, it can meet the constraints of the maximum rate of change of frequency and the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system. Simultaneously, to reduce the low-frequency oscillations of the units, system damping constraints must also be met. The optimization model for the energy storage layout configuration can be written as follows:

[0185]

[0186] Among them, the rated energy storage power P installed at each node Ei The power ratio parameter α used for virtual inertial control is an optimization variable. Solving the above model yields the corresponding energy storage layout, i.e., the rated power of energy storage to be installed at each node, and the value of the power ratio parameter α for virtual inertial control.

[0187] To facilitate readers' understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the energy storage layout configuration method of this application is illustrated below with examples. Taking the IEEE-39 node system as an example, the system topology diagram is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a case study is conducted using the energy storage layout configuration method described above. Figure 3 Figures 1-39 represent nodes in the system, where G represents the generator node and the downward arrow represents the load node. The inertia time constant of each generator in the system is set to 4s, the droop coefficient to 10, and the damping constant to 1%. All these parameters are based on their rated power. The generator governor time constant is 4s, and the system reference value is S.sys Set to 100MW. Maximum allowable rate of frequency change of the system | RoCoF max,set |Set to 0.5Hz / s, maximum frequency deviation|Δf max,set | Set to 0.5Hz, the maximum allowed real part of the eigenvalue σ min,set Set to -0.10. The total installed capacity of the system is 8442MW, the total load is 6254.2MW, and the system disturbance is set to a sudden increase of 10% in load power. The disturbance can occur at any node in the system.

[0188] Based on the optimization results of the energy storage layout and configuration method, the layout and installation of each node of the energy storage can be obtained as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the vertical axis represents the rated power of the energy storage installed at nodes 30-39 relative to the system reference value S. sys The ratio of α to 0.24 corresponds to the power proportional parameter α of the virtual inertial control.

[0189] The disturbance occurred at Figure 3 Taking node 1 as an example, we compare the frequency response of the system before and after the energy storage plan. Figure 5 The frequency variation curve of the system before energy storage was installed. Figure 6 The curve showing the frequency change of the system after the installation of energy storage shows that the frequency change of the system decreases after the installation of energy storage.

[0190] Table 1 compares the changes in the frequency indicators of the system before and after the installation of energy storage.

[0191] Table 1 Changes in system frequency indicators before and after energy storage planning

[0192]

[0193] It can be seen that after the installation of energy storage, the maximum frequency change rate and the maximum frequency deviation of the system have been reduced and meet the system requirements, and the low-frequency oscillation of each unit has been well suppressed.

[0194] Optionally, when the system experiences power disturbances, the frequencies of each generator exhibit a superposition of multiple exponentially decaying sinusoidal oscillations. This application defines the "frequency deviation product" as an evaluation index for low-frequency oscillations in the system.

[0195] Integral of Frequency Deviation (IFD): The integral of the absolute values ​​of the frequency deviations of each unit within the system from the system's inertial center frequency over 20 seconds after the power disturbance occurs.

[0196]

[0197] In the formula, t0 is the time when the disturbance occurs; f iLet i be the frequency of generator i.

[0198] As can be seen from the above formula, the frequency deviation product can measure the severity of frequency oscillation in each unit of the system. The more severe the frequency oscillation in each unit of the system, the larger the frequency deviation product.

[0199] When the disturbance occurs at different nodes, the product of the system's frequency deviations is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, after installing energy storage according to the above energy storage layout configuration method, the frequency deviation product of the system is significantly reduced when power disturbance occurs, and the energy storage layout configuration method has a good effect on suppressing the low-frequency oscillation of the system.

[0200] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0201] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an energy storage layout configuration device 800 for implementing the energy storage layout configuration method described above. For example... Figure 8 As shown, an energy storage layout configuration device is provided, including: an acquisition module 801, a solution module 802, and a configuration module 803, wherein:

[0202] The acquisition module 801 is used to acquire the first constraint condition of the maximum frequency change rate of the target power system, the second constraint condition of the maximum frequency deviation, and the third constraint condition of the system damping, wherein the target power system includes multiple energy storage nodes, multiple generator nodes, and multiple load nodes.

[0203] The solver module 802 is used to solve the power ratio parameter of the virtual inertial control that satisfies the target condition and the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node based on the first constraint condition, the second constraint condition and the third constraint condition, wherein the target condition is that the sum of the rated energy storage power of the multiple energy storage nodes is minimized.

[0204] Configuration module 803 is used to configure each of the energy storage nodes in the target power system based on the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node and the power ratio parameter.

[0205] In an optional embodiment of this application, the third constraint includes:

[0206] max(σ Φ (P E ,α))<σ min,set ; where max(σ Φ (P E ,α)) represents the maximum value among the real parts of the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix of the target power system; σ min,set This is a set constant value.

[0207] In an optional embodiment of this application, the acquisition module 801 is specifically used for calculating eigenvalues, including:

[0208] Equation acquisition unit, used to acquire the power flow equations of the target power system;

[0209] The first determining unit is used to determine the first relationship between the electromagnetic power of the generator nodes, the generator rotor angle, and the active power of each load node in the target power system after the addition of energy storage, based on the power flow equation.

[0210] The second determining unit is used to obtain the state equation of the target power system based on the frequency response equation of the generator node in the target power system, the inertial center frequency of the target power system, the second relationship between the energy storage power generation and frequency of the target power system, and the first relationship.

[0211] The calculation unit is used to obtain the state matrix based on the state equation of the target power system and to calculate the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix.

[0212] In an optional embodiment of this application, the power flow equations include:

[0213]

[0214] Where, ΔP g ΔP is the vector of electromagnetic power variation injected into the target power system from the generator's internal node. G ΔP is the vector of active power changes injected into the target power system by the generator terminal node; L Δδ is the vector of active power changes injected from the load node into the target power system. g Δθ is the vector of the rotor angle change of the generator. G Δθ is the vector representing the phase angle change at the generator terminal nodes. L B is the vector of phase angle changes at the load nodes; GG B GL , B LG , B LL B is the system node admittance matrix; gg B gG , BGg To incorporate the matrix expanded by the generator's direct-axis impedance, the above calculation method is as follows:

[0215]

[0216]

[0217]

[0218] B gG =B Gg =-Β gg ;

[0219] Where, N g Let n be the set of nodes within the generator. g For N g The number of elements in the set; P gi Injecting electromagnetic power variation into the node side of generator i; δ gi X represents the change in rotor angle of generator i; di Let be the direct-axis impedance of generator i; where the side with the internal potential of the generator is called the internal node of the generator, and the side with the terminal voltage is called the terminal node of the generator.

[0220] In an optional embodiment of this application, the state equation includes:

[0221]

[0222] Where Δω is the change in rotor electrical angular velocity of each generator in the target power system; ΔP m Let ΔP be the matrix of mechanical power changes of each generator in the target power system; L ' represents the power disturbance vector; E is the identity matrix: for ng The identity matrix is ​​3D; ω0 = 2πf0 is the rated rotor electric angular velocity, which is the per-unit value of the base capacity, and the rated frequency is f0 = 50Hz; the above calculation method is as follows:

[0223]

[0224]

[0225]

[0226]

[0227]

[0228]

[0229]

[0230]

[0231]

[0232]

[0233]

[0234]

[0235] Where, ω i ΔP represents the change in rotor electrical angular velocity of generator i in the target power system. mi H represents the change in mechanical power of generator i in the target power system; gi D is the inertial time constant of generator i; i T is the damping constant of generator i; gi K is the governor time constant of generator i; gi Let be the power-frequency droop coefficient of generator i; α be the power ratio used for virtual inertial control; (1-α) be the power ratio for droop control; H E Virtual inertia coefficient H for all energy storage nodes Ei The diagonal matrix formed; K E The droop coefficient K for all energy storage nodes Ei The diagonal matrix formed; P E The rated power vector of energy storage installed at each node in the target power system.

[0236] In an optional embodiment of this application, As a state matrix.

[0237] In an optional embodiment of this application, the first constraint includes:

[0238]

[0239] Where α is the power ratio used for virtual inertial control; N L Let n be the set of energy storage nodes. l For N L The number of elements in the set; P Ei The rated power of the energy storage installed at energy storage node i; ΔP L The disturbance power set for the target power system; RoCoF max,set The setting value for the maximum rate of change of frequency; H Eq The inertial time constant H of all generators gi The sum of; H E This represents the virtual inertia coefficient of the energy storage node.

[0240] In an optional embodiment of this application, the second constraint includes:

[0241]

[0242] in, For |Δf COI (t nadir )|;N L Let n be the set of the energy storage nodes. l For N L The number of elements in the set; P Ei The rated power of the energy storage installed at energy storage node i; t nadir The time when the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system occurs; Δf max,set This is the setting value for the maximum allowable frequency deviation of the target power system.

[0243] In an optional embodiment of this application, the time t at which the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system occurs is... nadir The possible values ​​include:

[0244] Under overdamped conditions, the time when the maximum frequency deviation occurs is:

[0245]

[0246] In the formula,

[0247] Among them, T g H is the time constant of the generator's speed governor. sys K sys K ss The formula for calculating the parameters is as follows;

[0248]

[0249]

[0250]

[0251] D i K is the damping constant of generator i; E K represents the droop factor of the energy storage node. gi Let be the power-frequency droop coefficient of generator i;

[0252] At critical damping, the time when the system's maximum frequency deviation occurs is:

[0253]

[0254] In the formula,

[0255] When the system is underdamped, the time when the maximum frequency deviation occurs is:

[0256]

[0257] In the formula,

[0258] Each module in the aforementioned energy storage configuration can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device, or stored in the memory of a computer device as software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each module.

[0259] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, and a network interface connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores an operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores energy storage layout configuration data. The network interface communicates with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements an energy storage layout configuration method.

[0260] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements an energy storage layout configuration method. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad mounted on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0261] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 9 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0262] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the energy storage layout configuration method provided in the above method embodiment.

[0263] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the energy storage layout configuration method provided in the above method embodiment.

[0264] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the energy storage layout configuration method provided in the above method embodiments.

[0265] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.

[0266] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0267] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0268] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for configuring energy storage layouts, characterized in that, The method includes: The first constraint condition for the maximum frequency change rate, the second constraint condition for the maximum frequency deviation, and the third constraint condition for system damping of the target power system are obtained. The target power system includes multiple energy storage nodes, multiple generator nodes, and multiple load nodes. Based on the first constraint, the second constraint, and the third constraint, the power ratio parameter of the virtual inertial control that satisfies the target condition and the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node are solved, wherein the target condition is that the sum of the rated energy storage power of the plurality of energy storage nodes is minimized. Each energy storage node in the target power system is configured based on its rated energy storage power and the power ratio parameter. The third constraint includes: ； in, The maximum value among the real parts of the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix of the target power system; It is -0.15; The calculation process of the characteristic roots includes: Obtain the power flow equations of the target power system; Based on the power flow equation, a first relationship is determined between the electromagnetic power of the generator nodes, the generator rotor angle, and the active power of each load node in the target power system after the addition of energy storage. Based on the frequency response equation of the generator node in the target power system, the inertial center frequency of the target power system, the second relationship between the energy storage power generation and frequency of the target power system, and the first relationship, the state equation of the target power system is obtained. The state matrix is ​​obtained based on the state equation of the target power system, and the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix are calculated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power flow equations include: ； in, The vector of electromagnetic power change injected into the target power system from the generator's internal node side; This is the vector of active power changes injected into the target power system by the generator terminal node; The vector of active power changes injected by the load node into the target power system; This is the vector of rotor angle change of the generator; This is the vector of phase angle change at the generator terminal node; This is the vector of phase angle changes at the load node; , , , The system node admittance matrix; , , The matrix expanded to include the direct-axis impedance of the generator is calculated as follows: ； in, Let be the set of nodes within the generator. for The number of elements in the set; Inject electromagnetic power variation into the inner node side of generator i; The change in rotor angle of generator i; Let be the direct-axis impedance of generator i; The side with the internal potential of the generator is called the generator internal node, and the side with the terminal voltage is called the generator terminal node.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The state equations include: ； in, The change in rotor electric angular velocity of each generator in the target power system; This is the matrix representing the mechanical power variation of each generator in the target power system; Represents the power perturbation vector; E is the identity matrix: , for An identity matrix of dimension 1 for The number of elements in the set; Rated rotor electrical angular velocity, per unit value of reference capacity, and rated frequency. ; The above calculation method is as follows: ； ； in, The change in rotor electric angular velocity of generator i in the target power system; The change in mechanical power of generator i in the target power system; Let be the inertial time constant of generator i; Let be the damping constant of generator i; Let be the governor time constant of generator i; Let be the power-frequency droop coefficient of generator i; The power ratio used for virtual inertial control; The power ratio for droop control; Virtual inertia coefficients for all energy storage nodes The diagonal matrix formed; The droop coefficient for all energy storage nodes The diagonal matrix formed; The rated power vector of energy storage installed at each node in the target power system.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Will This is the state matrix.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first constraint includes: ； in, The power ratio used for virtual inertial control; The set of energy storage nodes. for The number of elements in the set; Rated power of the energy storage installed at energy storage node i; The disturbance power set for the target power system; This is the setting value for the maximum rate of change of frequency; The inertial time constant of all generators sum; This represents the virtual inertia coefficient of the energy storage node.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second constraint includes: ； in, for ; The set of energy storage nodes. for The number of elements in the set; Rated power of the energy storage installed at energy storage node i; The time when the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system occurs; This is the setting value for the maximum allowable frequency deviation of the target power system.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The time when the maximum frequency deviation of the target power system occurs The possible values ​​include: Under overdamped conditions, the time when the maximum frequency deviation occurs is: ； In the formula, ; in, The time constant of the generator's speed governor; , , The formula for calculating the parameters is as follows; ； Let be the damping constant of generator i; The virtual inertia coefficient of the energy storage node; This refers to the droop coefficient of the energy storage node; Let be the power-frequency droop coefficient of generator i; At critical damping, the time when the system's maximum frequency deviation occurs is: ； In the formula, ; When the system is underdamped, the time when the maximum frequency deviation occurs is: ； In the formula, .

8. An energy storage layout configuration device, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the first constraint condition of the maximum frequency change rate, the second constraint condition of the maximum frequency deviation, and the third constraint condition of the system damping of the target power system, wherein the target power system includes multiple energy storage nodes, multiple generator nodes, and multiple load nodes. The solution module solves for the power ratio parameter of the virtual inertial control that satisfies the target condition and the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node based on the first constraint condition, the second constraint condition and the third constraint condition, wherein the target condition is that the sum of the rated energy storage power of the plurality of energy storage nodes is minimized. The configuration module configures each energy storage node in the target power system based on the rated energy storage power of each energy storage node and the power ratio parameter. The third constraint includes: ； in, The maximum value among the real parts of the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix of the target power system; It is -0.15; The acquisition module is specifically used for calculating the feature roots, including: An equation acquisition unit is used to acquire the power flow equations of the target power system. The first determining unit is used to determine, based on the power flow equation, a first relationship between the electromagnetic power of the generator nodes, the generator rotor angle, and the active power of each load node in the target power system after the addition of energy storage. The second determining unit is used to obtain the state equation of the target power system based on the frequency response equation of the generator node in the target power system, the inertial center frequency of the target power system, the second relationship between the energy storage power generation and frequency of the target power system, and the first relationship. The calculation unit is used to obtain the state matrix based on the state equation of the target power system and to calculate the eigenvalues ​​of the state matrix.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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