Planar composite, packaging box shell and packaging box with wave-shaped edges

Abstract

The invention relates to a planar composite material (1') for manufacturing a packaging box (20), comprising a polymer outer layer, a polymer inner layer, a fiber-containing carrier layer arranged between the polymer outer layer and the polymer inner layer, wherein the planar composite material (1') has a plurality of folding lines which are arranged and configured in such a way that by folding the planar composite material (1') along the folding lines and by connecting the seams of the planar composite material (1') a closed packaging box (20) can be manufactured, which comprises a peripheral surface (3), wherein the peripheral surface (3) comprises a front surface (14), a first side surface (16A), a second side surface (16B), a first back surface (15A) and a second back surface (15B). Manufacturing a packaging box with a complex geometry without affecting the rigidity of the packaging box is achieved by providing a third peripheral surface folding line (18'''), which has a plurality of sections (I, II, III, IV), which adjoin one side surface (16A, 16B) and one back surface (15A, 15B) respectively, and in which sections at least one section (II, III) is curved and in which sections at least one section (I, IV) is straight. The invention also relates to a packaging box shell (9') made of the composite material and to a packaging box (20) made of the composite material (1') or the packaging box shell (9').

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of packaging, and more particularly to a planar composite material, a packaging box shell, and a packaging box with corrugated edges. Background Technology

[0002] Packaging (in its filled state: "box") can be made in various ways and from a variety of materials. One widely applicable manufacturing method involves creating "cut pieces" from planar composite materials through cutting, which are then folded and other steps to first form the outer shell of the box and finally the entire packaging box. Alternatively, the box can be manufactured directly from the composite material, without the intermediate step of creating the outer shell. This method has the advantage of producing very flat composite materials and outer shells, allowing for space-saving stacking. In this way, the composite material and outer shell can be manufactured at a different location than where the folding and filling of the box takes place. Composite materials are commonly used, such as planar composites consisting of multiple thin layers of paper, cardboard, plastic, and / or metal, particularly aluminum. This type of packaging box is widely used, especially in the food industry.

[0003] The first manufacturing step typically involves cutting a planar composite material to create a "sleeve," and then folding and welding or bonding the seams of this sleeve to form a surrounding outer shell ("sleeve"). The folding is usually done along embossed fold lines. The location of these fold lines generally corresponds to the position of the edges of the box to be manufactured from the outer shell. This has the advantage that the planar composite material, or the resulting sleeve, and the outer shell are folded only at locations that will be folded in the finished box anyway. For example, a method for manufacturing a box from a outer shell is known by WO 2015 / 003852 A9 (where, in particular, Figures 1A to 1E). The box described therein has a rectangular cross-section and is generally square.

[0004] However, a drawback of folding the outer shell of the packaging box along the subsequent edges is that it can only manufacture boxes with angular cross-sections. Furthermore, it can only manufacture boxes with the same cross-sectional area in the vertical direction. Conversely, alternative designs that replace the edges, such as rounded or freeform shapes, are not feasible.

[0005] To achieve variable shapes, a packaging box shell has been proposed whose folded edges do not match the edges of the box made from the shell. This is achieved by folding the shell along a so-called "virtual fold line," which is then folded back during box manufacturing and thus does not form an edge. This allows for the manufacture of boxes whose circumference has no edges or, in any case, no straight edges. Such a shell and the box made from it are, for example, specified in DE 10 2016 003 824 A1 (where, especially...). Figure 2A As shown in Figure 3G´). Although using "virtual fold lines" allows for slightly greater flexibility in designing the shape of the packaging box's perimeter, virtual fold lines do not help increase the rigidity of the packaging box; rather, they may even reduce the rigidity of the packaging box by folding and retracting the virtual fold lines. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention relates to a planar composite material for manufacturing packaging boxes, comprising: a polymer outer layer; a polymer inner layer; a fiber-containing carrier layer disposed between the polymer outer layer and the polymer inner layer, wherein the planar composite material has a plurality of fold lines arranged and configured such that a closed packaging box can be manufactured by folding the planar composite material along the fold lines and connecting the seam surfaces of the planar composite material; a peripheral surface, wherein the peripheral surface includes a front, a first side, a second side, a first rear, and a second rear; a bottom surface, wherein the bottom surface includes a triangular bottom surface and a quadrilateral bottom surface; and a gable wall, wherein the gable wall includes a triangular gable wall and a quadrilateral gable wall, wherein the bottom surface and the gable wall are arranged on opposite sides of the peripheral surface.

[0007] The present invention also relates to a packaging box shell made of a composite material used for manufacturing packaging boxes, comprising: a peripheral surface, wherein the peripheral surface includes a front, a first side, a second side, a first rear, and a second rear; a bottom surface, wherein the bottom surface includes a triangular bottom and a quadrilateral bottom; a gable wall, wherein the gable wall includes a triangular gable wall and a quadrilateral gable wall; two virtual fold lines extending parallel to each other through the peripheral surface; and a longitudinal seam connecting two edge regions of the composite material into a surrounding packaging box shell, the packaging box shell being open not only in the region of the bottom surface but also in the region of the gable wall, wherein the bottom surface and the gable wall are arranged on opposite sides of the peripheral surface, and wherein the packaging box shell is folded along the two virtual fold lines.

[0008] Finally, the present invention relates to a packaging box made of a composite material, wherein the packaging box is made of a planar composite material provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure, or wherein the packaging box is made of a packaging box shell provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure, and wherein the packaging box is closed in the area of ​​the bottom surface and in the area of ​​the gable wall. In particular, it can be specified that the packaging box is made of a planar composite material provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure, or that the packaging box is made of a packaging box shell provided according to embodiments of the present disclosure, and wherein the packaging box is closed in the area of ​​the bottom surface and in the area of ​​the gable wall.

[0009] In this context, the object of the present invention is to design and improve the planar composite material described at the beginning and explained in more detail above, so as to enable the manufacture of packaging boxes with more complex geometries without compromising the rigidity of the packaging box, especially liquid-sealed packaging boxes.

[0010] In the case of the planar composite material provided according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, this objective is achieved by a third circumferential fold line having a plurality of segments adjacent to the side and the rear respectively, and at least one of the segments being curved and at least one of the segments being straight.

[0011] The planar composite material of the present invention is used to manufacture packaging boxes. The planar composite material can be cut to defined dimensions, sufficient to manufacture multiple packaging boxes or only a single packaging box. Therefore, the composite material cut to defined dimensions, especially to the dimensions of a single packaging box, is also referred to as a "cut piece". The planar composite material comprises multiple layers stacked and interconnected with each other, thus forming a planar composite. The planar composite material includes a polymer outer layer, a polymer inner layer, and a fiber-containing carrier layer disposed between the polymer outer layer and the polymer inner layer. The polymer inner layer and polymer outer layer provide liquid-tight properties to the composite material due to their plastic composition. On the other hand, the fiber-containing carrier layer (preferably paper or cardboard) primarily serves to provide improved mechanical properties to the composite material, particularly improved rigidity. Additionally, a barrier layer may optionally be provided, also disposed between the polymer outer layer and the polymer inner layer (preferably between the fiber-containing carrier layer and the polymer inner layer). The barrier layer may be made of, for example, aluminum, and is designed to prevent light and / or oxygen from permeating. The planar composite material has a circumferential surface, which includes a front, a first side, a second side, a first rear, and a second rear. The planar composite material also has a bottom surface comprising a triangular base and a quadrilateral base. The planar composite material also has a mountain-shaped wall surface comprising a triangular mountain-shaped wall and a quadrilateral mountain-shaped wall. The bottom surface and the mountain-shaped wall surface preferably each have two or three quadrilateral faces and six triangular faces. The quadrilateral faces are used for folding the bottom and mountain-shaped walls of the packaging box. The triangular faces are used for folding excess composite material into protruding "ears," which then abut against the packaging box. The bottom surface and the mountain-shaped wall surface are positioned on opposite sides of the circumferential surface. In an upright packaging box, the mountain-shaped wall surface is preferably positioned above the circumferential surface, while the bottom surface is positioned below the circumferential surface. The planar composite material also includes a plurality of fold lines arranged and configured such that a closed packaging box can be manufactured by folding the planar composite material along the fold lines and connecting the seam surfaces of the planar composite material. Therefore, fold lines (especially those previously referred to as "grooves") should simplify the folding of planar composite materials; they can be created through material weakening sections. Because packaging boxes made of composite materials should be liquid-sealed, perforations are not used as material weakening sections; instead, (usually linear) material extrusion sections are used, which are pressed into the composite material using an extrusion tool.

[0012] According to the present invention, a third circumferential fold line is provided, comprising a plurality of segments adjacent to a side and a rear, respectively, wherein at least one segment is curved and at least one segment is straight. By providing a fold line between the side and the adjacent rear, a folded edge with a defined orientation is achieved, which facilitates the manufacture of the packaging box. The folded edge also improves the structural characteristics of the packaging box, particularly its rigidity, compared to a shape without curved edges. Furthermore, the curved orientation of the circumferential fold line makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby creating an air gap between adjacent packaging boxes that improves air circulation. The manufacture of the packaging box is facilitated by providing straight segments in addition to the curved segments in the third circumferential fold line. It can be specified that a third circumferential fold line, having a plurality of segments, is provided between two sides and the adjacent rear, respectively, wherein each segment is adjacent to a side and a rear, and at least one segment is curved and at least one segment is straight. Furthermore, it can be specified that the third circumferential fold line has at least two bends, which are oriented in different directions, i.e., the first bend is lateral, and the second bend is lateral ("wavy edge"). This results in further improvement in air circulation between adjacent boxes.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the planar composite material, the sections of the third circumferential fold line adjacent to the bottom surface and adjacent to the gable wall are straight. Using straight sections adjacent to both the bottom and gable walls is particularly advantageous because this allows for the use of simpler tools to manufacture the bottom and gable walls of the packaging box.

[0014] According to another design, at least two sections of the third circumferential fold line have opposite bending directions. Specifically, one section bends backward, while the other bends sideways. This allows for a packaging box with both convex and concave surfaces. Preferably, the sideways-bending section of the third circumferential fold line is positioned above the rearward-bending section. This results in a wide, concave rear side of the packaging box in the upper region, particularly the upper half. Since the packaging box preferably has a narrow, convex front side in its upper region (especially the upper half), multiple boxes can be placed sequentially in a space-saving manner, achieving good space utilization. Furthermore, the opposite bending directions allow for the reduction in filling volume due to one bending direction to be compensated again by the other, thus maintaining a constant box height for a given box volume.

[0015] Another design option for planar composite materials features two virtual fold lines that extend parallel to each other through the circumference. Virtual fold lines are understood to be fold lines that, unlike conventional fold lines, do not form the edges of the packaging box but are located between the edges of the packaging box, such as on the side. Virtual fold lines are used to create the outer shell of the packaging box from the composite material, which is preferably folded flat together along the two virtual fold lines to enable stacking and transportation with maximum space-saving efficiency.

[0016] According to one design of a planar composite material, the circumferential surface has at least one unloading surface, which is arranged between the front and one of the two side surfaces. The unloading surface serves to create a transition between the front and the side surfaces as smoothly as possible. Preferably, the unloading surface extends over the entire height of the circumferential surface, i.e., from the bottom surface to the gable wall, thus separating the front from the two side surfaces. The technical advantage of the unloading surface is that the composite material requires less drastic folding or bending compared to the 90° edges of a square box, because the transition from the front to the two side surfaces is achieved through two less drastically bent (“blunt”) edges. This results in a less intense load on the composite material and, in particular, a lower risk of fiber tearing or breakage in the fiber-containing carrier layer (paper or cardboard layer) of the composite material. Preferably, the circumferential surface has two unloading surfaces, arranged between the front and one of each of the two side surfaces. Furthermore, the unloading surface creates gaps or free spaces between adjacent boxes arranged side-by-side—compared to square boxes—in the area of ​​the unloading surface, through which air can circulate. This has the advantage of reducing the risk of mold growth due to moisture. Another advantage of the unloading surface is that the surface adjacent to the unloading surface can be made narrower and thus more stable, thereby achieving improved gripping rigidity when pouring the filled packaging box.

[0017] According to another construction scheme of the planar composite material, at least one unloading surface is positioned such that it abuts a quadrilateral bottom surface in the bottom region and a triangular gable wall surface in the gable wall region. The triangular faces in the bottom and gable wall regions typically correspond to the sides of the planar composite material and thus abut the sides of the resulting packaging box. Conversely, the quadrilateral faces in the bottom and gable wall regions typically correspond to the front and back of the planar composite material and thus abut the front and back sides of the resulting packaging box. By abutting different faces in the bottom region than in the gable wall region, the unloading surface corresponds to the front side of the packaging box in its lower region and to the sides of the packaging box in its upper region. The unloading surface thus "wraps" around the (imaginary) vertically extending edge of the packaging box. This design of the unloading surface has the advantage that the previously described technical effects (reduced load on the composite material, improved air circulation) occur not only on one side of the packaging box but also on both sides. As an alternative or supplement to this, it can be specified that at least one unloading surface is adjacent to the triangular base surface in the base region and to the quadrilateral gable wall in the gable wall region. Preferably, the adjacent surfaces not only contact each other at a point, but are also linearly adjacent to each other—that is, along a line segment.

[0018] According to another embodiment of the planar composite material, a first circumferential fold line is provided between at least one unloading surface and its adjacent front surface, which is preferably at least partially curved. By providing a fold line between the unloading surface and the front surface, a folded edge with a defined orientation is achieved, which facilitates the manufacture of the packaging box. The folded edge also improves the structural properties of the packaging box, particularly its rigidity, compared to a shape without curved edges. Furthermore, the curved orientation of the circumferential fold line makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby creating an air gap between adjacent packaging boxes that improves air circulation. It can be specified that a first circumferential fold line is provided between each of the two unloading surfaces and its adjacent front surface, and this first circumferential fold line is preferably at least partially curved. Furthermore, it can be specified that the first circumferential fold line extends in a continuously curved manner.

[0019] According to another embodiment of the planar composite material, a second circumferential fold line is provided between at least one unloading surface and its adjacent side surface, which is preferably at least partially curved. As previously explained in conjunction with the first circumferential fold line, the second circumferential fold line also enables folded edges with a defined orientation, which simplifies the manufacture of the packaging box. The folded edges also improve the structural characteristics of the packaging box, particularly its rigidity, compared to a shape without curved edges. Furthermore, the curved orientation of the circumferential fold line makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby creating an air gap between adjacent packaging boxes that improves air circulation. It can be specified that the second circumferential fold line is provided between each of the two unloading surfaces and their adjacent side surfaces, which is preferably at least partially curved. Furthermore, it can be specified that the second circumferential fold line extends in a continuously curved manner.

[0020] According to another embodiment of the planar composite material, at least one quadrilateral gable wall is provided, which has two small gable wall angles less than 90°, two large gable wall angles greater than 90°, and a total angle greater than 360°. By using angles not equal to 90°, a gable wall with a shape different from a rectangle or square is achieved. For example, a quadrilateral gable wall with two small (<90°) and two large (>90°) gable wall angles can be obtained by using trapezoids, parallelograms, or rhombuses. The difference from a total angle of 360° can be achieved, for example, by having one or more sides of the quadrilateral gable wall extend curvedly instead of in a straight line (this is the case, for example, in the case of an arcuate polygon or arcuate polygon). A total angle greater than 360° can be achieved by bending at least one side of the quadrilateral gable wall outwards. The base angle is preferably 90°, thus obtaining a rectangular, especially square, base shape. The design of the gable wall according to the invention has several advantages. Besides a more visually appealing shape, the following technical effects are achieved: the packaging box made of planar composite material can be more easily gripped with one hand because one edge of the gable wall (preferably the front edge) is shorter than the other edges (especially the rear edge), making the packaging box narrower on the front side. Furthermore, the design according to the invention results in the technical effect that (e.g., during transport or on the sales shelf) the contact surface between side-by-side packaging boxes is smaller than that of square packaging boxes that are almost completely in contact on the sides. In other words, a gap or free space is maintained between the side-by-side packaging boxes, through which air can circulate. This has the advantage of reducing the risk of mold formation due to moisture. Moreover, by having a total angle greater than 360°, more space is available for the tipping element. Preferably, the quadrilateral gable wall has a total angle of at least 370°, especially at least 380°, preferably at least 390°. An angle total in the range of 390° to 410° has proven advantageous.

[0021] According to an improved scheme of planar composite materials, at least one quadrilateral gable wall is approximately trapezoidal. By making the gable wall configuration of the composite material approximately trapezoidal, the gable wall of the resulting packaging box is also trapezoidal. The advantage of the trapezoidal shape is that one of the two parallel sides or edges (preferably the front edge of the gable wall) is shorter than the opposing side or edge (preferably the back edge of the gable wall), unlike a rhombus where opposite sides are of equal length. This allows even packaging boxes with large volumes to be easily grasped with one hand from the front. A trapezoid is generally understood as a quadrilateral in which two sides are parallel to each other. A trapezoidal quadrilateral should also be understood here as a quadrilateral with curved sides, provided that two of these lines are parallel to each other when the four corners are connected by (virtual) straight lines.

[0022] According to one design of a planar composite material, a quadrilateral gable wall has a front edge adjacent to the front surface, which is curved. Preferably, the front edge of the gable wall is curved towards the front surface when viewed from the gable wall. This allows the gable wall to be enlarged, which, for example, facilitates the installation of tipping elements with larger diameters. The curved front edge of the gable wall also affects the shape of the front surface of the composite material, and therefore also the shape of the front side of the packaging box made of the composite material. In particular, the front edge curved towards the front surface allows for an outwardly arched (convex) front side (“front panel”) of the packaging box. This, in addition to its attractive appearance, also has the previously described technical advantage of improved air circulation between adjacent packaging boxes, reducing the risk of mold growth.

[0023] According to another construction scheme for planar composite materials, the fiber-containing carrier layer of the composite material has a principal fiber direction that is approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal edges of the composite material extending from the bottom surface to the gable side. Paper and paperboard are materials made of cellulose fibers. In traditional (handmade) papermaking, the fibers are evenly distributed in all directions, while in machine papermaking, the fibers can be targeted for orientation. Because paper has mechanical properties in the fiber direction that differ from those transversely to the fiber direction (anisotropy), fiber orientation can be utilized to obtain material properties optimal for the corresponding application. The principal fiber direction should extend approximately perpendicular to the two longitudinal edges of the composite material. Since the longitudinal edges extend from the bottom region to the gable side region (i.e., in the vertical direction in the box), this means that the principal fiber direction extends circumferentially in the box, i.e., around the circumferential surface. This has the advantage that the paperboard fibers are interrupted when the longitudinal edges of the box (which extend transversely to the fiber direction) are slotted. This results in a box with sharp edges during subsequent folding and forming processes, and thus leads to improved box stability. Especially when the packaging box is subjected to compressive loads (e.g., when multiple layers are stacked on a pallet), it shows a significant improvement in stability compared to packaging boxes with longitudinally oriented fibers, since the packaging box only bends under higher compressive loads.

[0024] The objective described at the beginning is also achieved by a packaging box shell made of a composite material used to manufacture the packaging box. The packaging box shell includes a circumferential surface, wherein the circumferential surface includes a front, a first side, a second side, a first rear and a second rear, a bottom surface (wherein the bottom surface includes a triangular bottom and a quadrilateral bottom), a gable wall (wherein the gable wall includes a triangular gable wall and a quadrilateral gable wall), two virtual fold lines extending parallel to each other through the circumferential surface, and a longitudinal seam connecting two edge regions of the composite material to form a surrounding packaging box shell, the packaging box shell being open in the area of ​​the bottom surface and in the area of ​​the gable wall, wherein the bottom surface and the gable wall are arranged on opposite sides of the circumferential surface, and wherein the packaging box shell is folded along the two virtual fold lines. For those characteristics of the packaging box shell already present in the planar composite material, refer to the relevant description. The packaging box shell has a longitudinal seam that connects two edge regions of the composite material to form a surrounding packaging box shell. A circumferentially closed, encircling packaging box shell can be manufactured from a flat—mostly rectangular—cut piece of composite material via longitudinal seams. Longitudinal seams can be created, for example, by bonding and / or welding. Due to the longitudinal seams, this type of packaging box shell is also referred to as a longitudinally seam-sealed packaging box shell. The packaging box shell is folded along two virtual fold lines, thus obtaining the front and rear sides, as well as the inner and outer sides.

[0025] According to the present invention, the outer shell of the packaging box is characterized by a third circumferential fold line having multiple segments adjacent to the sides and rear, respectively, and at least one of these segments being curved and at least one of these segments being straight. By providing the fold line, folded edges with defined orientations are achieved, which simplifies the manufacture of the packaging box. The folded edges also improve the structural characteristics of the packaging box, particularly its rigidity, compared to a shape without curved edges. Furthermore, the curved orientation of the circumferential fold line makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby creating air gaps between adjacent packaging boxes that improve air circulation. The manufacture of the packaging box is facilitated by providing straight segments in addition to the curved segments in the third circumferential fold line. Other features and advantages have been described in conjunction with embodiments of the present disclosure and can be adapted to the outer shell of the packaging box in a corresponding manner from planar composite materials.

[0026] According to one design of the packaging box shell, the packaging box shell is made of a planar composite material provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Because the packaging box shell is made of one of the planar composite materials described above, many of the properties and advantages of the planar composite material also appear in the packaging box shell, thus referring to the embodiments therein.

[0027] According to another construction scheme for the outer shell of the packaging box, the composite material has at least one layer made of paper or cardboard, which covers the longitudinal seams extending inside the outer shell of the packaging box. The layer made of paper or cardboard is preferably a carrier layer. The purpose of covering the packaging box with the paper or cardboard layer is to prevent contact between the contents of the packaging box and this layer. This serves two purposes: firstly, to prevent liquids from leaking through the non-liquid-sealed paper or cardboard layer, and secondly, to protect the contents of the packaging box from contamination by the paper or cardboard layer (e.g., cellulose fibers).

[0028] For this design approach, it is also suggested that layers made of paper or cardboard be covered in the longitudinal seam area by a sealing strip and / or by folding the composite material. One possibility for covering is to fix a separate sealing strip. The sealing strip could, for example, be made of the same material as the innermost layer of the composite material and be bonded or welded to that layer. Another possibility for covering is to fold or turn the composite material over in the area of ​​the longitudinal seam. In this way, not all layers are exposed on the edge of the longitudinal seam extending inside the outer shell of the packaging box, but only the innermost layer of the composite material is still exposed. However, the innermost layer must in any case be made of a material suitable for contact with the contents of the packaging box.

[0029] In another construction scheme for the outer shell of the packaging box, the composite material is peeled in the areas of the longitudinal seams. "Peeled" composite material is understood to be a composite material with fewer layers in the peeled areas than in the rest of the material. Peeling has the advantage of less noticeable thickness increase, especially in areas where multiple material layers overlap. Therefore, it is particularly advantageous to use peeled composite material when the composite material is turned over or folded—for example, in the areas of the longitudinal seams.

[0030] The aforementioned objective is also achieved through a packaging box made of a composite material, wherein the packaging box is made of a planar composite material provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, or wherein the packaging box is made of a packaging box shell provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, and wherein the packaging box is closed in the area of ​​the bottom surface and in the area of ​​the gable wall. Specifically, it can be specified that the packaging is made of a planar composite material provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, or that the packaging box is made of a packaging box shell provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, and wherein the packaging box is closed in the area of ​​the bottom surface and in the area of ​​the gable wall. The packaging box is characterized by a third circumferential fold line comprising a plurality of segments respectively adjacent to the sides and the rear, and at least one of the plurality of segments is curved, and at least one of the plurality of segments is straight. By providing the fold line, folded edges with defined orientations are achieved, which simplifies the manufacture of the packaging box. Folded edges also improve the structural characteristics of the packaging box, particularly its rigidity, compared to a curved shape without edges. Furthermore, the curvature of the circumferential fold lines makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby generating air gaps between adjacent boxes that improve air circulation. The manufacture of the box is facilitated by incorporating straight sections in addition to the curved sections within the third circumferential fold line. Other related characteristics and advantages have been described above and can be adapted to the box from the composite material and the box shell accordingly. The box can be made directly from the planar composite material, or it can be made from a box shell that was previously made from the planar composite material.

[0031] One construction scheme for the packaging box specifies that the sections of the third circumferential fold line adjacent to the bottom surface and the sections adjacent to the gable wall are straight. As already described above in conjunction with planar composite materials, using straight sections adjacent to the bottom surface and the gable wall is particularly advantageous because this allows for the use of simpler tools to manufacture the bottom and gable wall of the packaging box.

[0032] According to another design scheme for the packaging box, at least two segments of the third circumferential fold line have opposite bending directions. One segment can be configured to bend backwards, while the other bends sideways. This allows for a packaging box with both convex and concave surfaces. Preferably, the sideways-bending segment of the third circumferential fold line is positioned above the rearward-bending segment. This results in a wide, concave rear side of the packaging box in the upper region, particularly the upper half. Since the packaging box preferably has a narrow, convex front side in its upper region, particularly the upper half, multiple boxes can be placed sequentially in a space-saving manner, achieving good space utilization. Furthermore, the opposite bending directions allow for the reduction in filling volume due to one bending direction to be compensated again by the other bending direction, thus maintaining a constant box height for a given box volume.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the packaging box, within the area of ​​the gable wall, the box has fin-shaped seams that are flipped towards the front. This design, for example, allows moisture to flow better away from the gable wall surface in a forward-sloping gable wall, because it does not create an upward-open "bag" where moisture could accumulate. Similarly, this design allows for more space for a pourer that is sealed from the inside.

[0034] Another construction option for the packaging box is to have a generally trapezoidal gable. The advantage of the trapezoidal shape of the gable is that one of the two parallel sides or edges (preferably the front edge of the gable) is shorter than the opposite side or edge (preferably the back edge of the gable), unlike a rhombus (where opposite sides are of equal length). This allows even a large-volume packaging box to be easily grasped with one hand from the front.

[0035] Another design option for the packaging box is to have a sloping gable. Specifically, the gable can be designed to slope forward, meaning the area on the front of the box is lower than the area on the rear. This sloping orientation of the gable allows the tipping elements arranged in the gable area to have less impact on the stacking of the boxes compared to boxes with flat gables. This is because, for boxes with sloping gables—unlike boxes with flat gables—the tipping elements do not necessarily form the highest point of the box. Furthermore, it allows for better moisture dissipation from the gable surface.

[0036] Another construction scheme for the packaging box involves shaping it convexly in the front area and / or concavely in the rear area. Specifically, the packaging box can be configured to be convex in the upper area, particularly in the upper half, in the front area and / or concave in the upper area, particularly in the upper half, in the rear area. Through this combination of a convex front and a concave rear, the packaging box can be arranged in a space-saving manner, despite the visually complex design.

[0037] Finally, according to another design of the packaging box, the box has an unloading surface that is partially in a plane with the front and partially in a plane with the sides. As previously described in conjunction with the planar composite material, the result of this design is that the unloading surface wraps around the (hypothetical) edge from one side of the box (e.g., the front) toward the other side of the box. The unloading surface is thus used to create the smoothest possible transition between the front and the sides. Preferably, the unloading surface extends over the entire height of the circumference, i.e., from the bottom surface to the gable wall and thus separates the front from the two sides. The technical effect of the unloading surface is that the composite material requires less folding or bending compared to the 90° edges of a square box, because the transition from the front to the two sides is achieved through two less flexibly bent ("duller") edges. This results in a less strong load on the composite material and, in particular, a lower risk of fiber tearing or breakage in the paper or cardboard layers of the composite material. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The invention will now be explained in detail with the aid of the accompanying drawings, which illustrate only one preferred embodiment. The drawings show:

[0039] Figure 1A: Top view of a planar composite material for folding packaging box shells known from the prior art.

[0040] Figure 1B: Front view of a packaging box shell as known from the prior art, the packaging box shell being formed of the planar composite material shown in Figure 1A.

[0041] Figure 1C: Rear view of the outer shell of the packaging box in Figure 1B.

[0042] Figure 1D: The outer shell of the packaging box in Figures 1B and 1C is in the unfolded state.

[0043] Figure 1E: The outer shell of the packaging box in Figure 1D with a closed bottom.

[0044] Figure 1F: The packaging box formed from the outer shell shown in Figure 1B after welding.

[0045] Figure 1G: The packaging box in Figure 1F, where the earpiece has been attached.

[0046] Figure 2A : A top view of the planar composite material for the outer shell of a folding packaging box according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2B : Figure 2A An enlarged view of the first region of the planar composite material in the image.

[0048] Figure 2C : Figure 2A An enlarged view of the second region of the planar composite material.

[0049] Figure 3A The front view of the outer casing of the packaging box according to the present invention is composed of Figure 2A The planar composite material shown is formed.

[0050] Figure 3B : Figure 3A Rear view of the outer packaging box.

[0051] Figure 4A A perspective view of the packaging box according to the present invention, which is formed by the outer shell of the packaging box shown in FIG3.

[0052] Figure 4B : Figure 4A Front view of the packaging box

[0053] Figure 4C : Figure 4A The back view of the packaging box, and

[0054] Figure 4D : Figure 4A Side view of the packaging box. Detailed Implementation

[0055] Figure 1A shows a top view of a planar composite material 1 known in the prior art, from which a packaging box shell can be formed. The planar composite material 1 may comprise multiple layers of different materials, such as paper, cardboard, plastic, or metal, especially aluminum. The composite material 1 has multiple fold lines 2, which are designed to simplify the folding of the composite material 1 and divide the composite material 1 into multiple faces. The composite material 1 can be divided into a peripheral face 3, a sealing face 4, a bottom face 5, and a gable wall face 6. The packaging box shell can be formed from the composite material 1 by folding the composite material 1 such that the sealing face 4 is connected to the opposite edge region of the peripheral face 3, especially by welding. Except for the sealing face 4, the peripheral face 3 extends over the entire width of the composite material 1. The composite material 1 has two virtual fold lines 7 in the region of the peripheral face 3. These two virtual fold lines 7 are straight and extend parallel to each other. In addition, the virtual fold lines 7 extend through the contact point SB of three adjacent triangular faces 8 of the bottom face 5 and through the contact point SG of three adjacent triangular faces 8 of the gable wall face 6. The peripheral face 3 is divided into an inner sub-region 3A and two outer sub-regions 3B by the virtual fold lines 7. The inner sub-region 3A is located between the two virtual fold lines 7, and the outer sub-region 3B is located next to or outside the two virtual fold lines 7.

[0056] The bottom surface 5 has four corner points E5, and the gable wall 6 has four corner points E6. Corner points E5 and E6 constitute the corner points of the packaging box made of composite material 1. Each corner point E5 of the bottom surface 5 corresponds to a corresponding corner point E6 of the gable wall 6, which is the corner point E6 located above that corner point E5 when the packaging box is upright. The angular axis EA extends through two corresponding corner points E5 and E6, and this angular axis would be equivalent to the vertical edge of the packaging box in a conventional square packaging box. Therefore, in the composite material 1 shown in Figure 1A, as in the outer shell of the packaging box made therefrom and the packaging box made therefrom, there are four angular axes EA (only one angular axis EA is always drawn for clarity). No fold lines are provided between the corner points E5 of the bottom surface 5 and their corresponding corner points E6 of the gable wall 6—that is, along the angular axis EA.

[0057] Figure 1B, a front view, shows a packaging box shell 9 as known in the prior art, formed from the planar composite material 1 shown in Figure 1A. In Figure 1B, the areas of the packaging box shell 9 already described in conjunction with Figure 1A are marked with corresponding reference numerals. The packaging box shell 9 is produced from the composite material 1 in two steps: first, the composite material 1 is folded along two virtual fold lines 7. Subsequently, two sub-regions 3B (left) and 3B (right) of the circumferential surface 3 are joined together, in particular welded, in the area of ​​the sealing surface 4, thereby forming (concealed in Figure 1B) a longitudinal seam 10. The packaging box shell 9 thus has a circumferentially closed structure with openings in the area of ​​the bottom surface 5 and in the area of ​​the gable wall 6. The inner sub-region 3A of the circumferential surface 3 is visible in the front view, defined on both sides by virtual fold lines 7. The remaining sub-regions 3B of the circumferential surface 3 are on the back side of the packaging box shell 9 and are therefore concealed in Figure 1B.

[0058] Figure 1C shows a rear view of the packaging box shell 9 in Figure 1B. The areas of the packaging box shell 9 already described in conjunction with Figures 1A and 1B are indicated in Figure 1C by corresponding reference numerals. In the rear view, two outer sub-regions 3B of the circumferential surface 3 are visible, which are connected to each other by longitudinal seams 10 and defined on both sides by virtual fold lines 7. The inner sub-region 3A of the circumferential surface 3 is on the front side of the packaging box shell 9 and is therefore obscured in Figure 1C.

[0059] Figure 1D shows the outer shell 9 of the packaging box 9 in the unfolded state as shown in Figures 1B and 1C. The areas of the outer shell 9 already described in conjunction with Figures 1A to 1C are given corresponding reference numerals in Figure 1D. The unfolded state is achieved by folding the outer shell 9 back along a virtual fold line 7 extending through the circumferential surface 3. The fold is made at approximately 180°. The fold along the virtual fold line 7 causes the two sub-regions 3A and 3B of the circumferential surface 3 adjacent to the virtual fold line 7 to no longer overlap each other, but instead lie in the same plane. Therefore, the outer shell 9 folds along the virtual fold line 7 only in its flat state (Figures 1B and 1C); conversely, in the unfolded state (Figure 1D), the outer shell 9 (and the packaging box to be manufactured from it) no longer folds along the virtual fold line 7. Therefore, the "virtual" fold line 7 is referred to as the "virtual" fold line.

[0060] Figure 1E shows the outer casing 9 of Figure 1D, which has a closed bottom. The areas of the outer casing 9 that have been incorporated into Figures 1A to 1D are given corresponding reference numerals in Figure 1E. The pre-folded state (as shown in Figure 1D) indicates that the fold line 2 has been pre-folded in the area of ​​the gable wall 6. Conversely, the bottom surface 5 has been fully folded and welded, resulting in a closed bottom for the outer casing 9.

[0061] Figure 1F shows the package 11 formed by the outer shell 9 shown in Figure 1B after welding. In Figure 1F, the areas of the package 11 already described in conjunction with Figures 1A to 1E are given corresponding reference numerals. The package 11 is shown after welding, i.e., in its filled and closed state. Fin-shaped seams 12 are formed in the areas of the bottom surface 5 and the gable wall 6 after closing. The fin-shaped seams 12 are already attached to the package 11 in the area of ​​the bottom surface 5, while the fin-shaped seams 12 still protrude from the package 11 in the area of ​​the gable wall 6. The sub-areas of the gable wall 6 are folded outward during pre-folding (see Figure 1E) and form protruding areas made of excess material, which are also called "ears" 13 and are attached to the package 11 in a later manufacturing step—for example, by adhesive method. Figure 1F shows that the ears 13 also protrude from the package 11 and are attached in a later manufacturing step, for example, by adhesive method.

[0062] Figure 1G shows the packaging box 11 of Figure 1F, with the ears already attached. The areas of the packaging box 11 that have been combined with those described in Figures 1A to 1F are given corresponding reference numerals in Figure 1G. The upper ears 13, located in the area of ​​the gable wall 6, are folded down and flat against the peripheral surface 3 of the packaging box 11. Preferably, the upper ears 13 are glued or welded to the peripheral surface 3.

[0063] Figure 2A The planar composite material 1' according to the invention, used for folding packaging box shells, is shown in the top view. The area of ​​composite material 1', already described in conjunction with Figures 1A to 1G, is... Figure 2A Corresponding reference numerals are provided in the accompanying drawings. The bottom surface 5 of the composite material 1' can be divided into a triangular bottom surface 5' and a quadrilateral bottom surface 5''. The triangular bottom surface 5' forms an ear 13 (see Figure 1F), which folds inward or outward and adheres to the packaging box; on the other hand, the quadrilateral bottom surface 5'' defines the shape of the bottom. Figure 2A In the composite material 1´ shown, the corners of the quadrilateral base 5´´ are approximately right angles (α). B =90°), therefore, the packaging box made from this composite material 1' also has a generally rectangular, especially generally square, base. Correspondingly, the gable wall 6 of composite material 1' can be divided into triangular gable walls 6' and quadrilateral gable walls 6''. The triangular gable wall 6' forms the ear 13 (see Figure 1F), which folds inward or outward and abuts against the packaging box; while the quadrilateral gable wall 6'' defines the shape of the gable wall. In Figure 2A In the composite material 1´ shown, the corners of the quadrilateral gable wall 6´´ are not right angles, but slightly less than 90° (α). G1 <90°) or slightly greater than 90° (α) G2>90°), thus obtaining a roughly trapezoidal shape. Therefore, the packaging box made of this composite material 1´ also has a roughly trapezoidal gable wall. Preferably, the small gable wall angle α G1 Located in the range between 80° and 90°, while the large gable wall angle α G2 It lies within the range of 90° and 100°. The side of the quadrilateral gable wall 6´´ that is adjacent to the front face 14 is also called the front edge V. The front edge V preferably curves toward the front face 14.

[0064] Figure 2A The peripheral surface 3 of the composite material 1' shown has multiple fold lines that divide the peripheral surface 3 into multiple faces. The peripheral surface 3 includes a front face 14, a first rear face 15A and a second rear face 15B, a first side face 16A and a second side face 16B, a first unloading face 17A and a second unloading face 17B. The front face 14 is adjacent to the base face 5'' of a quadrilateral in the bottom region and to the quadrilateral, trapezoidal gable face 6'' in the gable region. The front face 14 is adjacent to the first unloading face 17A and the second unloading face 17B on the side faces. The two unloading faces 17A and 17B are also adjacent to the base face 5'' of the quadrilateral in the bottom region (i.e., like the front face 14); however, the two unloading faces 17A and 17B are each adjacent to one of the triangular gable faces 6' in the gable region. The two side faces 16A and 16B are adjacent to one of the triangular base faces 5' in the bottom region, and they are also adjacent to one of the triangular gable faces 6' in the gable region. Two side surfaces 16A and 16B are respectively adjacent to one of the two unloading surfaces 17A and 17B on their inner sides and to one of the two rear surfaces 15A and 15B on their outer sides (the first side surface 16A is adjacent to the first rear surface 15A and the first unloading surface 17A, and the second side surface 16B is adjacent to the second rear surface 15B and the second unloading surface 17B). The two rear surfaces 15A and 15B are adjacent to the quadrilateral base surface 5´´ in the bottom region and to the quadrilateral gable surface 6´´ in the gable region. Laterally, the two rear surfaces 15A and 15B are respectively adjacent to one of the two side surfaces 16A and 16B on their inner sides (the first rear surface 15A is adjacent to the first side surface 16A, and the second rear surface 15B is adjacent to the second side surface 16B).

[0065] exist Figure 2AIn the planar composite material 1' shown, the peripheral surface 3 has a plurality of peripheral fold lines 18', 18'', 18'''. The first peripheral fold line 18' laterally defines the front surface 14 and forms the boundary between the front surface 14 and the two unloading surfaces 17A, 17B. Preferably, the two first peripheral fold lines 18' are at least partially curved. The two second peripheral fold lines 18'' form the boundary between the two unloading surfaces 17A, 17B and the two side surfaces 16A, 16B. Preferably, the two second peripheral fold lines 18'' are also at least partially curved. The two third peripheral fold lines 18''' form the boundary between the two unloading surfaces 17A, 17B and the two rear surfaces 15A, 15B. Preferably, the two third peripheral fold lines 18''' are also at least partially curved. Furthermore, composite material 1' has a paper or cardboard layer whose main fiber direction F transversely (i.e., perpendicular to the two longitudinal edges L extending from the bottom surface 5 through the peripheral surface 3 to the gable wall surface 6) passes through the surfaces 14, 15A, 15B, 16A, 16B, 17A, 17B forming the peripheral surface and thus extends circumferentially in the packaging box made from this composite material 1'. Additionally, composite material 1' also has a weakened region 19 that can be used to define the position of the pouring element. The weakened region 19 can be implemented as a hole in the coating or a hole punched entirely through composite material 1'.

[0066] Figure 2B Shown in enlarged view Figure 2A The first region of composite material 1'. Already combined with Figure 1A to Figure 2A The region of the composite material 1´ described is in Figure 2B The corresponding reference numerals are provided. Composite material 1´ in... Figure 2B The first area shown relates to the area of ​​the gable wall 6, specifically the gable wall angle α. G1 α G2 The area. As mentioned earlier, the corners of the quadrilateral gable wall 6'' are not right angles, but slightly less than 90° (α). G1 <90°) or slightly greater than 90° (α) G2 >90°). For the rear (corresponding to the rear side of the packaging box) gable wall angle α G1 The reason for the deviation from the right angle is that it is related to the angle α. G1 One of the two adjacent fold lines does not extend perpendicularly to the edge of the composite material 1´, but is inclined at an angle ß1 (α) relative to the vertical line S1. G1 =90°-ß1). For the angle α of the front (corresponding to the front of the packaging box) gable wall. G2 The deviation from the right angle has two reasons: First, the two adjacent angles α G2 One of the fold lines does not extend perpendicularly to the edge of the composite material 1´, but is inclined at an angle ß2 relative to the perpendicular line S2. Secondly, the same adjacent angle α...G2 The front edge V does not extend straight, but curves toward the front face 14, wherein the front edge V (or at angle α) G2 The tangent of the contact front edge V in the region is inclined at an angle γ relative to the horizontal line W (which extends parallel to the upper edge of the composite material 1´) (α). G2 =90° + β2 + γ). Angle β1 is equivalent to angle β2; the two angles are preferably in the range of 2° and 6°. Therefore, the angle α of the two rear gable walls G1 For example, it can have an angle of approximately 86°. The angle γ is preferably in the range of 15° to 25°. Therefore, the angle α of the two front gable walls... G2 For example, it can have an angle of approximately 113°. From the aforementioned design scheme, especially from the curved front edge V, the sum of the angles of the quadrilateral gable wall 6´´ is greater than 360° (2 * α). G1 + 2*α G2 >360°).

[0067] Figure 2C The enlarged diagram shows Figure 2A The second region of the planar composite material 1'. Already combined with Figure 1A to... Figure 2B The region of the composite material 1´ described is in Figure 2C The corresponding reference numerals are provided. Composite material 1´ in... Figure 2C The second region shown relates to the area of ​​the third circumferential fold line 18´´´, which separates the sides 16A, 16B from the rear sides 15A, 15B. The third circumferential fold line 18´´´, arranged between the sides 16A, 16B and the adjacent rear sides 15A, 15B, mainly has four segments I-IV: the first segment I is adjacent to the bottom surface 5 and extends in a straight line. The second segment II is adjacent to the first segment I and extends in a curved manner (towards the rear sides 15A, 15B). Due to this curvature, the maximum distance d is generated between the third circumferential fold line 18´´´ and the vertical line S. II The maximum distance can be between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm. The third segment III is adjacent to the second segment II and extends in a curved manner (towards sides 16A, 16B). Due to this curvature, the maximum distance d is generated between the third circumferential fold line 18´´´ and the perpendicular line S. IIIThe maximum distance can be between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm. Sections II and III therefore have opposite curvatures or bending directions. Section IV is adjacent to Section III and the gable wall 6 and extends in a straight line. Therefore, the third circumferential fold line 18'' extends straight locally (in section I adjacent to the bottom surface 5 and in section IV adjacent to the gable wall 6) and extends curved locally (in the two "middle" sections II and III).

[0068] Figure 3A The previous view shows the outer casing 9' of the packaging box according to the invention, which is made of Figure 2A The planar composite material 1' shown is formed. In Figure 3A In the middle, it has been combined with Figure 1A to Figure 2C The area of ​​the described outer casing 9' is marked with corresponding reference numerals. The outer casing 9' is produced from composite material 1' in two steps: first, composite material 1' is folded along two virtual fold lines 7. Subsequently, the first rear lining 15A and the second rear lining 15B are joined to each other, in particular, by welding, in the area of ​​the sealing surface 4, thereby forming (in Figure 3A The longitudinal seam 10 is covered. The outer shell 9' has a circumferentially closed structure with an opening in the area of ​​the bottom surface 5 and an opening in the area of ​​the gable wall 6. In the front view, the front 14, the two unloading surfaces 17A, 17B and (partially) the two sides 16A, 16B can be seen. The rear 15A, 15B are on the rear side of the outer shell 9', and therefore in Figure 3A The middle is obscured.

[0069] Figure 3B It shows Figure 3A A rear view of the packaging box outer shell (9'). Figure 3A In the middle, it has been combined with Figure 1A to Figure 3A The area of ​​the outer casing 9' described is indicated by corresponding reference numerals. In the rear view, two rear ends 15A, 15B are visible, connected to each other by longitudinal seams 10 and bounded on both sides by third circumferential fold lines 18'''. Furthermore, two side ends 16A, 16B (partially) are visible. The front end 14 and two unloading surfaces 17A, 17B are on the front side of the outer casing 9' and therefore... Figure 3B The middle is covered.

[0070] Figure 4A A perspective view of a packaging box 20 formed from the outer casing 9' shown in FIG. 3, according to the present invention, is shown. The packaging box 20 is already combined with FIG. 1A to FIG. 1B. Figure 3B The area described is in Figure 4A The corresponding attached figures are marked with symbols. Figure 4AIt can be clearly seen that unloading surface 17A (and unloading surface 17B, not shown) corresponds to the front side of the packaging box 20 in the bottom area, while unloading surface 17A corresponds to the left side of the packaging box 20 in the gable area (unloading surface 17B, not shown, corresponds to the right side of the packaging box 20 in the gable area accordingly). Unloading surfaces 17A and 17B thus "wrap" around the (virtual) edge of the packaging box 20 from the front side of the packaging box 20 toward one side of the packaging box. Unloading surfaces 17A and 17B thus form a transition from the front side of the packaging box 20 (where it is adjacent to the front face 14) to the two sides of the packaging box 20 (where it is adjacent to the two side faces 16A and 16B). Furthermore Figure 4A As can be seen, the packaging box 20 has a sloping gable wall (“sloping gable wall”), on which a spiral closure 21 is arranged. Furthermore, the trapezoidal structure of the gable wall can be seen, which is achieved by the quadrilateral gable wall surface 6´´ having an angle different from 90° (in... Figure 4A In the middle, the angle α of the two small gable walls adjacent to 15A and 15B behind them. G1 It has an angle of <90° and two large gable walls adjacent to the front 14 with angle α. G2 (With an angle >90°). Furthermore, in Figure 4A It can be clearly seen that the first circumferential fold line 18´ and the second circumferential fold line 18´´ are also curved like the third circumferential fold line 18´´´.

[0071] Figure 4B Show Figure 4A A front view of the packaging box 20. The packaging box 20 is assembled with Figure 1A to Figure 1B. Figure 4A The area described is in Figure 4B The corresponding attached figures are marked with symbols. Figure 4B The trapezoidal structure of the gable wall is shown particularly clearly. In addition, the curvature of the first circumferential fold line 18' and the curvature of the second circumferential fold line 18'' are clearly visible.

[0072] Figure 4C Show Figure 4A Rear view of packaging box 20. Packaging box 20 is assembled with Figure 1A to... Figure 4B The area described is in Figure 4C The corresponding attached figures are marked with symbols. Figure 4C The rear side of the packaging box 20, which consists of two rear sections 15A and 15B, is particularly clear. In addition, the curvature of the third circumferential fold line 18´´´ is clearly visible.

[0073] at last, Figure 4D Shown in side view Figure 4A The packaging box is 20. Figure 4D In the middle, it has been combined with Figure 1A to Figure 4CThe area of ​​the packaging box 20 described is marked with corresponding figures. Figure 4D It can be particularly clearly seen that the left side of the packaging box 20 is composed of a portion of the first side 16A and the first unloading surface 17A. The (folded-back) virtual fold line 7 also extends through the first side 16A. Correspondingly, this applies to the packaging box 20 in... Figure 4D The opposite right side, not shown, is because these two sides are designed identically (mirror symmetrically). Furthermore, in Figure 4D It can be clearly seen that the packaging box 20 is located in the upper area of ​​its front side (in Figure 4D The right side of the middle section is convex and arches outward, and in the upper region behind it (in Figure 4D (Left side) Concave shape arches inward.

[0074] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0075] 1, 1´: Planar composite materials

[0076] 2: Folding lines

[0077] 3, 3A, 3B: Peripheral

[0078] 4: Sealing surface

[0079] 5, 5´, ​​5´´: bottom surface

[0080] 6, 6´, 6´´: Gable wall

[0081] 7: Virtual fold lines

[0082] 8: Triangular face

[0083] 9, 9´: Outer packaging box

[0084] 10: Longitudinal joint

[0085] 11: Packaging box

[0086] 12: Fin-shaped seam

[0087] 13: Ears

[0088] 14: Front

[0089] 15A, 15B: After the first and second

[0090] 16A, 16B: First and second side surfaces

[0091] 17A, 17B: First and second unloading surfaces

[0092] 18´、18´´、18´´´:Circumferential fold lines

[0093] 19: Weakened Area

[0094] 20: Packaging box

[0095] 21: Spiral closure

[0096] α B (The bottom angle of the fold line in the bottom area)

[0097] α G1 α G2 (The angle of the gable wall, defined by the fold lines within the gable wall area)

[0098] ß1, ß2: Inclination angles (relative to perpendicular lines S1, S2)

[0099] γ: Inclination angle (relative to the horizontal direction W)

[0100] d II d III : (Distance between the third circumferential fold line 18´´´ and the perpendicular line S)

[0101] EA: Angle axis

[0102] E5: (Corner point of bottom face 5)

[0103] E6: (Corner point of gable wall 6)

[0104] F: Main fiber direction

[0105] L: Longitudinal edge

[0106] S, S1, S2: Perpendicular lines

[0107] SB: (Contact point of triangular face 8 on base 5)

[0108] SG: (Contact point of the triangular face 8 of the gable wall 6)

[0109] V: (The front edge of the 6'' of the quadrilateral gable wall)

[0110] W: Horizontal line

[0111] Sections I, II, III, and IV: (Third circumferential fold line 18'')

Claims

1. A planar composite material (1′) for manufacturing a packaging box (20), comprising: polymer outer layer, Polymer inner layer, A fiber-containing carrier layer arranged between the outer and inner layers of the polymer. The planar composite material (1′) has multiple fold lines, which are arranged and constructed such that a closed packaging box (20) can be manufactured by folding the planar composite material (1′) along the fold lines and by connecting the seam surfaces of the planar composite material (1′). Peripheral surface (3), wherein the peripheral surface (3) includes a front surface (14), a first side surface (16A), a second side surface (16B), a first rear surface (15A), and a second rear surface (15B). The bottom surface (5), wherein the bottom surface (5) includes a triangular bottom surface (5′) and a quadrilateral bottom surface (5″), and A gable wall (6), wherein the gable wall (6) includes a triangular gable wall (6′) and a quadrilateral gable wall (6″). The bottom surface (5) and the gable wall (6) are arranged on opposite sides of the perimeter surface (3). Its features are, A third circumferential fold line (18´´´) is provided, the third circumferential fold line having multiple segments (I, II, III, IV), which are adjacent to a side (16A, 16B) and a rear (15A, 15B) respectively, and at least one segment (II, III) is curved, and at least one segment (I, IV) is straight.

2. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The section (I) of the third circumferential fold line (18´´´) adjacent to the bottom surface (5) and the section (IV) adjacent to the gable wall (6) are straight.

3. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, At least two segments (II, III) of the third circumferential fold line (18´´´) have opposite bending directions.

4. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Set two virtual fold lines (7) that extend parallel to each other through the circumferential surface (3).

5. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peripheral surface (3) has at least one unloading surface (17A, 17B) arranged between the front surface (14) and one of the two side surfaces (16A, 16B).

6. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one unloading surface (17A, 17B) is adjacent to the quadrilateral bottom surface (5″) in the region of the bottom surface (5) and to the triangular gable wall surface (6′) in the region of the gable wall surface (6).

7. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first circumferential fold line (18′) is provided between at least one unloading surface (17A, 17B) and the adjacent front surface (14), the first circumferential fold line being at least partially curved.

8. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second circumferential fold line (18″) is provided between at least one unloading surface (17A, 17B) and its adjacent side surface (16A, 16B), the second circumferential fold line being at least partially curved.

9. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one quadrilateral gable wall (6″) has two small gable wall angles (α) less than 90°. G1 ), with two large gable wall angles greater than 90° (α) G2 And it has a total angle greater than 360°.

10. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the quadrilateral gable walls (6″) is trapezoidal.

11. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quadrilateral gable wall (6″) has a front edge (V) adjacent to the front face (14), and the front edge is curved.

12. The planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber-containing carrier layer of the composite material (1′) has a main fiber direction (F) that is perpendicular to the longitudinal edge (L) of the composite material (1′) extending from the bottom surface (5) to the gable wall surface (6).

13. A packaging box shell (9') made of a composite material used for manufacturing a packaging box (20), the packaging box shell comprising: Peripheral surface (3), wherein the peripheral surface (3) includes a front surface (14), a first side surface (16A), a second side surface (16B), a first rear surface (15A), and a second rear surface (15B). The bottom surface (5), wherein the bottom surface (5) includes a triangular bottom surface (5′) and a quadrilateral bottom surface (5″), A gable wall (6), wherein the gable wall (6) includes a triangular gable wall (6′) and a quadrilateral gable wall (6″). Two virtual fold lines (7) extending parallel to each other through the circumferential surface (3), and The two edge regions of the composite material (1′) are joined to form a longitudinal seam (10) around the outer shell of the packaging box (9′), which is open in the region of the bottom surface (5) and in the region of the gable wall (6). The bottom surface (5) and the gable wall surface (6) are arranged on opposite sides of the peripheral surface (3), and The outer shell of the packaging box (9′) is folded along two virtual fold lines (7). Its features are, A third circumferential fold line (18´´´) is provided, the third circumferential fold line having multiple segments (I, II, III, IV), which are adjacent to a side (16A, 16B) and a rear (15A, 15B) respectively, and at least one segment (II, III) is curved, and at least one segment (I, IV) is straight.

14. The outer casing (9') of the packaging box according to claim 13, characterized in that, The outer shell (9′) of the packaging box is made of the planar composite material (1′) according to claim 1.

15. The outer casing (9') of the packaging box according to claim 13, characterized in that, The composite material has at least one layer made of paper or cardboard, which is covered at the edge of the longitudinal seam (10) extending inside the outer shell (9′) of the packaging box.

16. The outer casing (9') of the packaging box according to claim 15, characterized in that, The layer made of paper or cardboard is covered in the area of ​​the longitudinal seam (10) by a sealing strip and / or by a flip-over composite material.

17. The outer casing (9') of the packaging box according to claim 13, characterized in that, The composite material is peeled off in the area of ​​the longitudinal joint (10).

18. Packaging box made of composite material (20), in, The packaging box (20) is made of the planar composite material (1′) according to the preamble of claim 1, or wherein the packaging box (20) is made of the packaging box shell (9′) according to the preamble of claim 13, and The packaging box (20) is closed in the area of ​​the bottom surface (5) and in the area of ​​the gable wall (6). Its features are, A third circumferential fold line (18´´´) is provided, the third circumferential fold line having multiple segments (I, II, III, IV), which are adjacent to a side (16A, 16B) and a rear (15A, 15B) respectively, and at least one segment (II, III) is curved, and at least one segment (I, IV) is straight.

19. The packaging box (20) according to claim 18, characterized in that, The third circumferential fold line (18´´´) has a straight section (I) adjacent to the bottom surface (5) and a section (IV) adjacent to the mountain-shaped wall surface (6).

20. The packaging box (20) according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, At least two segments (II, III) of the third circumferential fold line (18´´´) have opposite bending directions.

21. The packaging box (20) according to claim 18, characterized in that, Within the area of ​​the gable wall, the packaging box (20) has a fin-shaped seam (12) that flips toward the front (14).

22. The packaging box (20) according to claim 18, characterized in that, The packaging box (20) has a trapezoidal gable wall.

23. The packaging box (20) according to claim 18, characterized in that, The packaging box (20) has a sloping gable wall.

24. The packaging box (20) according to claim 18, characterized in that, The packaging box (20) is convex in the area of ​​the front (14) and / or concave in the area of ​​the back (15A, 15B).

25. The packaging box (20) according to claim 18, characterized in that, The packaging box (20) has unloading surfaces (17A, 17B) that are partially in a plane with the front (14) and partially in a plane with a side (16A, 16B).

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