Power demand response method and apparatus

Abstract

This application relates to a power demand response method and apparatus. Upon receiving a response execution command from the power grid, the method detects whether a target air conditioner is participating in demand response. If the target air conditioner is participating, a temperature pre-regulation operation is performed on the building space where the target air conditioner is located to adjust the temperature within the building space to a critical value before the response start time. After the response start time arrives, a demand response strategy is executed to adjust the operating power of the target air conditioner to a target value while maintaining the building space temperature within the target comfortable temperature range until the response end time is reached, at which point the demand response strategy is terminated. This method reduces the operating power of the air conditioner itself, enabling it to participate in building demand response, thereby achieving peak shaving and valley filling of electricity consumption by the power grid.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of building power demand response, and in particular to a power demand response method and device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of renewable energy power generation technology and the comprehensive implementation of carbon emission reduction policy, in recent years, the application of fossil energy on the power generation side has gradually slowed down, while the proportion of clean energy such as solar energy, wind energy and nuclear energy has increased. However, the power generation of new energy is unstable and has certain randomness, which leads to the problems of power supply shortage and difficulty in power consumption of power grid.

[0003] Therefore, a method of performing power grid demand response strategy by power users (for example, buildings) is proposed to autonomously adjust and orderly use electricity on the electricity side, so as to achieve the effects of peak load shifting and promoting renewable energy consumption. Demand response refers to the way that power users actively adjust the electricity load to achieve the control target of peak load shifting and transfer of the power grid, so as to change the traditional "source following load" power mode to "load following source".

[0004] Generally, in building equipment, air conditioners are the largest proportion of office and commercial building mechanical and electrical load components. Under the premise of meeting user comfort, the load adjustment potential is huge. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for air conditioners to participate in building demand response to achieve peak load shifting and valley filling of the power grid. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a power demand response method and device to participate in building demand response to achieve peak load shifting and valley filling of the power grid.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a power demand response method, which comprises:

[0007] According to the response execution instruction issued by the power grid, it is detected whether the target air conditioner participates in the demand response; the response execution instruction comprises a response start time and a response end time;

[0008] If the target air conditioner participates in the demand response, a temperature pre-adjustment operation is performed on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs; the temperature pre-adjustment operation is used to adjust the temperature in the building space to a temperature threshold value before the response start time arrives;

[0009] After the response start time arrives, the demand response strategy is executed until the response end time arrives to end the execution of the demand response strategy; the demand response strategy is used to adjust the running power of the target air conditioner to a target value, and maintain the temperature of the building space in a target comfortable temperature range.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the determining whether the target air conditioner participates in the demand response includes:

[0011] obtaining the response target power value and the baseline power value, and a first power value of the target air conditioner at the time of issuing;

[0012] obtaining a power response demand value and a power response capability value according to the response target power value, the baseline power value and the first power value;

[0013] if the power response demand value and the power response capability value both satisfy a preset condition, determining that the target air conditioner participates in the demand response.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the obtaining the power response demand value and the power response capability value according to the response target power value, the baseline power value and the first power value includes:

[0015] determining a difference between the baseline power value and the response target power value as the power response demand value, and determining a difference between the first power value and an air conditioner power lower limit value as the power response capability value, the air conditioner power lower limit value representing a minimum power value of the target air conditioner when the temperature threshold is not exceeded.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the performing the temperature pre-adjustment operation on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs includes:

[0017] detecting whether a preset pre-adjustment time arrives;

[0018] if the pre-adjustment time arrives, obtaining a second power of the target air conditioner at the pre-adjustment time and a temperature of the building space;

[0019] if the second power does not reach an air conditioner power upper limit value and the temperature of the building space does not reach the temperature threshold, performing the temperature pre-adjustment operation, the temperature pre-adjustment operation including adjusting the temperature of the building space to the temperature threshold.

[0020] In one of the embodiments, the performing the demand response strategy after the response start time arrives until the response end time arrives to end the performing of the demand response strategy includes:

[0021] after the response start time arrives, obtaining a target comfortable temperature range at each time within a response period, and adjusting the temperature in the building space to the target comfortable temperature range at each time corresponding to the time until the response end time arrives, the response period representing a period between the response start time and the response end time.

[0022] In one of the embodiments, the obtaining the target comfortable temperature range at each time within the response period includes:

[0023] obtaining the response target power value and the baseline power value, and a predicted power value at each time within the response period;

[0024] determining the target power value at each time in the response period according to the response target power value, the baseline power value and the predicted power value at each time;

[0025] determining the target comfortable temperature range at each time in the response period according to the target power value at each time and the temperature threshold value.

[0026] In one embodiment, the determination of the target comfortable temperature range at each time in the response period according to the target power value at each time and the temperature threshold value comprises:

[0027] determining the reference target temperature at each time according to the target power value at each time;

[0028] for each reference target temperature, if the reference target temperature exceeds the temperature threshold value, determining the temperature threshold value as the target comfortable temperature range at the corresponding time.

[0029] In one embodiment, the obtaining of the predicted power value at each time in the response period comprises:

[0030] obtaining the indoor temperature in the building space, the outdoor temperature and the indoor set temperature in the response period at the response start time;

[0031] inputting the indoor temperature in the building space, the outdoor temperature and the indoor set temperature in the response period at the response start time into the air conditioner power prediction model to obtain the predicted power value at each time in the response period; wherein the air conditioner power prediction model is constructed based on the physical parameters of the target air conditioner operation.

[0032] In one embodiment, the construction process of the air conditioner power prediction model comprises:

[0033] constructing a building space envelope heat gain calculation formula, a building space temperature regulation set temperature difference required refrigerating capacity calculation formula, a building space heat capacity calculation formula and a building space internal heat source heat production heat gain term calculation formula;

[0034] constructing the air conditioner power prediction model according to the building space envelope heat gain calculation formula, the building space temperature regulation set temperature difference required refrigerating capacity calculation formula, the building space heat capacity calculation formula and the building space internal heat source heat production heat gain term calculation formula.

[0035] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a power demand response device, which comprises:

[0036] a detection module configured to detect whether the target air conditioner participates in the demand response according to a response execution instruction issued by a power grid; the response execution instruction comprises a response start time and a response end time;

[0037] The adjusting module is configured to perform a temperature pre-adjustment operation on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs if the target air conditioner participates in the demand response, and the temperature pre-adjustment operation is configured to adjust the temperature in the building space to a temperature threshold value before the response start time arrives.

[0038] The response module is configured to execute the demand response strategy after the response start time arrives and until the response end time arrives.

[0039] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the method steps in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program implements the method steps in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect when executed by a processor.

[0041] The power demand response method and device, according to the received response execution instruction issued by the power grid, detect whether the target air conditioner participates in the demand response, perform a temperature pre-adjustment operation on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs if the target air conditioner participates in the demand response, adjust the temperature in the building space to a temperature threshold value before the response start time arrives, execute the demand response strategy after the response start time arrives, adjust the target air conditioner operating power to a target value, and maintain the building space temperature in a target comfortable temperature range until the response end time arrives. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 An application environment diagram of the power demand response method in one embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2A flowchart of a power demand response method in one embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a demand response process timeline in one embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 A flowchart of a power demand response method in another embodiment;

[0046] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the relationship between a baseline point and various times of a response process in one embodiment;

[0047] Figure 6 A flowchart of a power demand response method in another embodiment;

[0048] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the relationship between a pre-adjustment time and other times in one embodiment;

[0049] Figure 8 A flowchart of a power demand response method in another embodiment;

[0050] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the composition of a room air conditioner cooling capacity in one embodiment;

[0051] Figure 10 A structural block diagram of a power demand response device in one embodiment;

[0052] Figure 11 An internal structure diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be given to the present application in combination with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0054] The power demand response method provided by the present application can be applied in an application environment as shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 The server 1 communicates with the server 2 through a network. The server 1 represents a server of a power grid platform, which can issue power consumption adjustment instructions to downstream power users according to the power supply situation of the power grid enterprise. The server 2 represents a server in a power user (for example, a building), which can control the temperature adjustment of all air conditioners in the building. The server 1 and the server 2 can be, but are not limited to, various servers, computers, smart devices, etc., and the server can be implemented by an independent server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers.

[0055] In the related art, according to the control type and strategy of a commercial air conditioner, air conditioner control is mainly achieved by directly controlling the start and stop of the air conditioner to realize energy-saving operation, to reduce the power consumption in a specific time period or to improve the operation economy. This control strategy can cause the control of power consumption to be too rigid and not flexible, thereby affecting the life of the power user. In view of this defect, the embodiment of the present application provides a power demand response method and device, which can dynamically control the air conditioner operation power of the power user in a certain time period according to the power demand response control signal, and achieve the effect of flexible participation of the air conditioner in building demand response by flexibly adjusting the indoor set temperature of the air conditioner, thereby improving the convenience of the life of the power user.

[0056] The power demand response method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described below through specific embodiments. As shown in FIG. 1, in one embodiment, a power demand response method is provided, and the method is applied to the interaction between a power grid server and a building server in the power grid. Figure 2 Figure 1 The embodiment will be described by taking the interaction between the power grid server and the building server in the power grid as an example, and the embodiment includes the following steps:

[0057] S101, detecting whether the target air conditioner participates in demand response according to the response execution instruction issued by the power grid; the response execution instruction includes a response start time and a response end time.

[0058] The steps in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by the server in the building where the target air conditioner is located, and the target air conditioner can be any one or multiple air conditioners installed in the building space. It should be noted that the building space can also be referred to as the indoor space in the present application, and the two have the same meaning. The building itself can also refer to any building that has established communication with the power grid and reached a consensus on power demand response, that is, the building to which the power grid issues the response execution instruction is a power user that has agreed to participate in the power demand response in advance.

[0059] The response execution instruction is a control signal issued by the power grid server to the building server, which indicates that the building server adjusts the power consumption of the air conditioner in the building by adjusting the set temperature of the air conditioner, so as to realize the self-regulation of the building power load. For example, the power grid predicts that several large devices will be used at the same time in the jurisdictional area from 3 pm to 5 pm, which will cause the power supply to be tight in the jurisdictional area during this time period. In this case, the power grid can issue a response execution instruction to each building in the jurisdictional area, so that the power supply is sufficient during the time period from 3 pm to 5 pm, to realize peak load shifting and peak load shifting.

[0060] ​In practical applications, when the building needs to perform demand response, the power grid can formulate a demand response power reduction target according to the historical power consumption of the building (set as a baseline, usually the average value of 3-5 days before demand response), and inform the building of the target on the day of demand response, so that the building performs corresponding strategies to achieve the response target. In other words, the response execution instruction issued by the power grid is issued in advance, that is, the issuance time of the response execution instruction is issued in advance of a certain period of time from the building performing demand response, for example, 3 hours in advance, or 5 hours in advance, and the like. Of course, in order to ensure that the building better cooperates with the demand response, the response execution instruction issued can carry the response start time, the response end time, the demand response power target and the like, which are explicit information that the building needs to comply with.

[0061] The building power demand response start time indicates that the demand response starts at this time, and the air conditioner adjusts the indoor set temperature to change the power according to the response strategy to achieve the response; and the building power demand response end time indicates that the demand response ends at this time, and the air conditioner stops adjusting and restores the indoor temperature set value.

[0062] The demand response signal is issued by the power grid, and the air conditioner participates and provides response capability. Therefore, after the power grid issues the response execution instruction to the building at the response start time in advance of several hours on the day of demand response implementation, the building needs to detect whether the target air conditioner that is expected to participate in the demand response has the capability to participate in the demand response. If it has, the target air conditioner is determined to participate in the demand response, otherwise, the target air conditioner is determined not to participate in this demand response, and subsequent operations are not performed.

[0063] For example, whether the target air conditioner participates in the demand response can be considered comprehensively from the current set temperature of the target air conditioner, the operating parameters of the target air conditioner, and the temperature in the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs, for example, a condition threshold can be set in advance, and whether the corresponding parameters of the target air conditioner meet the set condition threshold is analyzed, if it meets, it is determined that the target air conditioner has the capability to participate in this demand response, otherwise, it is determined that the target air conditioner does not participate in this demand response.

[0064] S102, if the target air conditioner participates in the demand response, a temperature pre-adjustment operation is performed on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs; the temperature pre-adjustment operation is used to adjust the temperature in the building space to a temperature threshold value before the response start time arrives.

[0065] Based on the above steps, if it is determined that the target air conditioner participates in this demand response, a temperature pre-adjustment operation on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs needs to be performed before the response start time. The temperature pre-adjustment operation is pre-set and stored. The specific steps of the temperature pre-adjustment operation are not limited in the embodiments of the present application, as long as the temperature in the building space can be adjusted to the critical temperature value of the building space before the response start time.

[0066] The critical temperature value can be the maximum temperature or the minimum temperature. For example, if it is summer, the indoor temperature is reduced to the minimum temperature that can be tolerated by the indoor user (comfort is taken as a reference) and reached by the capability of the air conditioner itself. If it is winter, the indoor temperature is increased to the maximum temperature that can be tolerated by the user and reached by the capability of the air conditioner itself.

[0067] The architecture of the building itself has the capability of storing cold or heat, so the indoor heat capacity and the thermal mass of the maintenance structure can be used to store sufficient cold or heat before the response start time, so as to provide more adjustment potential for the building after the response start, i.e., only a lower power is needed to run, thereby reducing the power of the target air conditioner itself.

[0068] S103, after the response start time is reached, a demand response strategy is performed until the response end time is reached to end the execution of the demand response strategy. The demand response strategy is used to adjust the running power of the target air conditioner to a target value, and to maintain the temperature of the building space in the target comfortable temperature range.

[0069] The response start time refers to the time when the target air conditioner starts to execute the demand response strategy, so after the response start time is reached, the demand response strategy is immediately started to be executed. After the demand response strategy is executed, the running power of the target air conditioner can be adjusted to a target value, and the temperature in the building space can be adjusted and maintained in the target comfortable temperature range. The demand response strategy is pre-formulated, and can be directly called when executed. The target value of the running power of the target air conditioner can be a pre-set power value, and the specific value of the target value is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the target value of the running power of the target air conditioner is less than the current power consumption of the building, so as to reduce the running power of the target air conditioner itself.

[0070] It can be understood that because there is a time period between the response start time and the response end time, when adjusting the temperature in the building space based on the demand response strategy, the temperature in the entire time period can be adjusted to the target comfortable temperature range, or based on different time points in the time period, different time points divide the response period into several equal response sub-periods, and each time point is adjusted to the corresponding target comfortable temperature range, that is, the target comfortable temperature range at each time point in the time period can be different or the same, and the embodiments of the application are not limited thereto.

[0071] As shown in Figure 3 , a schematic diagram of a demand response process timeline in the embodiment is shown, the response execution instruction issuing time is τ DRC in the figure, the demand response start time is τ DR in the figure; the demand response end time is τ DRE in the figure; and Δτ DR is the response period.

[0072] Taking cooling in summer as an example, after the building receives the response execution instruction at τ DRC , the response potential of the air conditioner is evaluated to determine whether the air conditioner participates in the demand response, if participates, pre-cooling is performed before the demand response is executed, that is, pre-cooling is performed before τ DR , in the pre-cooling process, the refrigerating capacity is as high as possible, and the indoor temperature is as low as possible to the temperature critical value, when the demand response time τ DR is reached, the air conditioner is controlled to execute the demand response strategy to reduce the running power of the air conditioner in the demand response period Δτ DR .

[0073] In this embodiment, based on the received response execution command from the power grid, it is detected whether the target air conditioner participates in demand response. If the target air conditioner participates in demand response, a temperature pre-regulation operation is performed on the building space where the target air conditioner is located. This pre-regulates the temperature in the building space to the critical temperature value before the response start time arrives. After the response start time arrives, a demand response strategy is executed to adjust the operating power of the target air conditioner to the target value and maintain the building space temperature within the target comfortable temperature range until the response end time arrives. This method sets up a temperature pre-regulation operation and a demand response strategy. The temperature pre-regulation operation needs to be completed before the demand response strategy is executed. Essentially, it utilizes the building's indoor heat capacity and the energy storage capacity of its building structure to store sufficient heat or cooling capacity in advance. When the demand response phase arrives, the air conditioner can adjust the indoor temperature to a comfortable temperature based on the stored heat or cooling capacity and the actual indoor temperature during the demand response period. Simultaneously, the operating power of the target air conditioner is adjusted to the target value, thereby reducing the air conditioner's own operating power, improving the flexibility of adjusting indoor temperature through air conditioning, and preventing disruption to the lives of electricity users, thus ensuring their convenience.

[0074] Based on the above embodiments, the process of detecting whether the target air conditioner participates in demand response will be described below through embodiments, such as... Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0075] S201, obtain the target power value and baseline power value, as well as the first power value of the target air conditioner at the time of issuance.

[0076] The target power value for the response can be determined based on the baseline power value, which refers to the power value at the base point.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, this diagram illustrates the relationship between a baseline point and various moments in the response process. The time of the building's electricity demand response baseline point in the diagram is τ. baseline Demand response uses the building's power data at that moment as a baseline reference value. Specifically, the baseline can be set 3-5 days before the demand response, or at other time intervals. The power corresponding to the baseline at that moment can be used as the reference baseline power (i.e., the baseline power value). Based on this, after the power grid formulates the response target power value according to the building's historical electricity consumption and the baseline power value, it sends a response execution command on the day of the demand response to inform the building of the response target power value, so that the building can implement the corresponding strategy to achieve the response.

[0078] After the building receives the response execution instruction, the response target power value and the baseline power value can be obtained, and the real-time power value of the target air conditioner at the time when the response execution instruction is issued can also be obtained. In the embodiment of the application, the real-time power value of the target air conditioner at the time when the response execution instruction is issued is referred to as the first power value.

[0079] S202, the power response demand value and the power response capability value are obtained according to the response target power value, the baseline power value and the first power value.

[0080] After the response target power value, the baseline power value and the first power value are obtained, the power response demand value and the power response capability value can be obtained according to the response target power value, the baseline power value and the first power value. The power response demand value can be understood as the power value that needs to be reduced for the target air conditioner to reach the demand response target power value, and the power response capability value represents the maximum power reduction amount that can be provided by the target air conditioner at the time when the instruction is issued.

[0081] In one embodiment, the difference between the baseline power value and the response target power value can be determined as the power response demand value, and the difference between the first power value and the air conditioner power lower limit value can be determined as the power response capability value. The air conditioner power lower limit value represents the minimum power value of the target air conditioner when the temperature threshold value is not exceeded.

[0082] Since the temperature threshold value represents the highest temperature and / or the lowest temperature in the room, not exceeding the temperature threshold value means not exceeding the highest and / or the lowest temperature in the room, i.e. being within the temperature range allowed in the room. In other words, the air conditioner power lower limit value is the minimum value of the power of the target air conditioner that can be reached when the indoor temperature comfort requirement of the building space is met.

[0083] For example, the time when the response execution instruction is issued is defined as τ DRC , the response target power value is P DR , the baseline power value is P baseline , the first power value is P AC,DRC , the power response demand value is ΔP DR , the power response capability value is ΔP AC,DRC , and the air conditioner power lower limit value is P AC,DRCmin ; then: ΔP DR = P baseline -P DR ; ΔP AC,DRC = P AC,DRC -P AC,DRCmin .

[0084] S203, if the power response demand value and the power response capability value both meet the preset condition, it is determined that the target air conditioner participates in the demand response.

[0085] Based on the determined power response demand value and the power response capability value, it is judged whether the power response demand value and the power response capability value meet a preset condition, and if both meet the preset condition, it is determined that the target air conditioner participates in this demand response.

[0086] For example, the power response demand value is greater than 0, and the power response capability value is greater than 0, it is determined that both meet the preset condition, wherein the power response demand value greater than 0 indicates that the target air conditioner has power reduction demand at the time of issuing the instruction, and the power response capability value greater than 0 indicates that the maximum power of the target air conditioner can still be reduced, so the running power of the target air conditioner can continue to be reduced, so it is determined that the target power participates in this demand response. On the contrary, as long as any one is less than or equal to 0, it is determined that the target air conditioner does not participate in this demand response.

[0087] In this embodiment, when detecting whether the target air conditioner participates in this demand response, the power value required to be reduced by the target air conditioner to reach the demand response target power value, and the maximum power reduction amount that the target air conditioner can provide at the time of issuing the instruction, are calculated to judge whether the target air conditioner participates in the demand response. In this way, starting from the power and demand of the target air conditioner itself to judge can ensure the objectivity and accuracy of the judgment result.

[0088] Based on any of the preceding embodiments, the process of performing temperature pre-regulation operation on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs by an embodiment is described, as shown in Figure 6 The embodiment includes the following steps:

[0089] S301, detecting whether a preset pre-regulation time arrives.

[0090] In actual application, for different air conditioners, due to the influence of performance, environment and other factors, the pre-regulation time required by each air conditioner is different, so the pre-regulation time required by each air conditioner can be calculated in advance, and the time when each air conditioner starts pre-regulation, i.e. the preset pre-regulation time, is set based on the time length.

[0091] As shown in Figure 7 , the relationship between the pre-regulation time and other times is illustrated, wherein the pre-regulation time is τ pre , and Δτ pre is the time length required for pre-regulation. Taking refrigeration as an example, the air conditioner increases the refrigeration amount at this time to pre-cool the room and reduce the indoor air temperature.

[0092] As can be seen from the figure, after it is determined that the target air conditioner participates in this demand response, the temperature pre-regulation operation is not immediately performed, but is started after the preset pre-regulation τ pre time arrives, so it is necessary to detect whether the pre-regulation τ pre time arrives before this time.

[0093] S302, if reached, obtaining the second power of the target air conditioner at the pre-conditioning time and the temperature of the building space.

[0094] S303, if the second power does not reach the upper limit of the air conditioner power and the temperature of the building space does not reach the temperature threshold, performing a temperature pre-conditioning operation; the temperature pre-conditioning operation includes adjusting the temperature of the building space to the temperature threshold.

[0095] Once it is detected that the pre-conditioning time τ pre is reached, the real-time power of the target air conditioner at the pre-conditioning time τ pre is obtained, referred to as the second power, and the (real-time) temperature of the building space at the pre-conditioning time τ pre .

[0096] Based on the second power and the temperature of the building space, it is detected whether the condition for performing the temperature pre-conditioning operation is met, if the second power does not reach the upper limit of the air conditioner power and the temperature of the building space does not reach the temperature threshold, it means that the temperature pre-conditioning operation can be performed to adjust the temperature of the building space to the temperature threshold.

[0097] Wherein, the second power does not reach the upper limit of the air conditioner power means that the real-time power of the target air conditioner at the pre-conditioning time τ pre can continue to rise, that is, the target air conditioner still has the ability to heat / cool; and the temperature of the building space does not reach the temperature threshold means that the temperature in the building space has not exceeded the user comfort temperature range and can continue to rise or fall, both of which indicate that the target air conditioner can perform the temperature pre-conditioning operation.

[0098] For example, taking cooling as an example, it is set that the time from the start of cooling by the target air conditioner to the time when the room reaches a stable temperature is about 30 minutes, so the pre-cooling period length Δτ pre of the target air conditioner is set to 45 minutes. Then when it is judged that the air conditioner participates in demand response, and there are 45 minutes left from the response start time, the room pre-cooling is started to be performed.

[0099] For example, assuming that at time τ pre , the air conditioner power is P AC,pre , and the indoor temperature is T in,pre , if the air conditioner power P AC,pre does not reach the maximum value P AC,max , and the indoor temperature T in,pre is higher than the lower limit of the indoor temperature T in,min , it means that the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs has the potential for pre-cooling, and at this time the pre-cooling operation is performed to set the air conditioner temperature to the lower limit of the indoor temperature T in,min . Otherwise, no pre-cooling is performed and waiting for the response start time τ DRDirect response. The whole process, using the building body to store cold, provides more adjustment potential for the subsequent demand response period.

[0100] In this embodiment, the indoor heat capacity and the energy storage capacity of the maintenance structure are used to precool in advance, and sufficient cold or heat is stored, so that when the demand response period arrives, the indoor temperature needs to be adjusted by a reduced range. In this way, the target air conditioner only needs to run at a lower power to achieve temperature adjustment, thereby reducing the power of the target air conditioner itself. In addition, the temperature threshold of the indoor space is considered in the pre-adjustment process, so that the indoor temperature comfort requirement is guaranteed while the power of the target air conditioner is reduced in the demand response process.

[0101] The process of executing the demand response strategy after the response start time arrives and ending the execution of the demand response strategy until the response end time arrives will be described below.

[0102] As mentioned earlier, because the demand response process is a time period from the response start time to the response end time, the outdoor temperature of the building, the indoor heat source, etc. will affect the temperature in the building space during this period. In view of the thermal comfort of the indoor personnel under this condition, in an embodiment, a target comfort temperature range is determined for each time during the response period. In this way, after the response start time arrives, the target comfort temperature range at each time during the response period can be obtained, and the temperature in the building space is adjusted to the target comfort temperature range at the corresponding time until the response end time arrives.

[0103] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 8 The process of obtaining the target comfort temperature range at each time during the response period includes the following steps:

[0104] S401, obtaining the response target power value and the baseline power value, and the predicted power value at each time during the response period.

[0105] The way of obtaining the response target power value and the baseline power value can refer to the description of the foregoing embodiments. In addition to obtaining the response target power value and the baseline power value, the predicted power value at each time during the response period also needs to be obtained.

[0106] Optionally, the way of obtaining the predicted power value at each time during the response period can be to formulate the predicted power value at each time according to the experience value stored in the database, or to calculate the predicted power value at each time according to the real-time temperature in the building space, etc. The present embodiment does not limit this.

[0107] Optionally, the way of obtaining the predicted power value at each time point in the response period can also be: obtaining the indoor temperature in the building space at the response start time, the outdoor temperature and the indoor set temperature in the response period, and inputting the indoor temperature in the building space at the response start time, the outdoor temperature and the indoor set temperature in the response period into the air conditioner power prediction model to obtain the predicted power value at each time point in the response period.

[0108] The air conditioner power prediction model is a semi-empirical formula for predicting the real-time power of the air conditioner and the change of the indoor temperature. The formula can be used to predict the power value and the change trend of the air conditioner in a certain state, i.e. the predicted power value at each time point in the response period.

[0109] The air conditioner power prediction model is constructed based on the physical parameters of the target air conditioner.

[0110] Optionally, the construction process of the air conditioner power prediction model includes: constructing a heat gain calculation formula of the building space envelope structure, a required refrigeration capacity calculation formula of the building space temperature regulation set temperature difference, a building space heat capacity calculation formula, and a heat gain item calculation formula of the heat source in the building space; and constructing the air conditioner power prediction model according to the heat gain calculation formula of the building space envelope structure, the required refrigeration capacity calculation formula of the building space temperature regulation set temperature difference, the building space heat capacity calculation formula, and the heat gain item calculation formula of the heat source in the building space.

[0111] Specifically, taking the refrigeration process as an example, and in order to express more popularly, the building space is referred to as a room. The process of establishing the semi-empirical prediction model of the room air conditioner power based on the theoretical analysis of the physical process and the experimental measurement includes:

[0112] S1: Establishing a heat gain calculation formula of the room envelope structure.

[0113] As shown in Figure 9 , it is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration capacity of the room air conditioner; then the indoor and outdoor temperature difference causes heat to be transferred from the envelope structure into the room, and the change calculation formula of the indoor temperature due to the heat transfer caused by the temperature difference can be obtained by solving the thermodynamic equation: Q H = A (T in,τ -T out,τ ) dτ = - ρVcdT (1)

[0114]

[0115] In the above formula, Q H is the heat gain item of the indoor and outdoor temperature difference, A is the heat gain coefficient of the temperature difference. τ is the time variable, and T is the temperature variable, wherein T in,0 is the indoor temperature at the initial time, and T out,0T is the outdoor temperature at the initial time in,τ T is the indoor temperature at time τ out,τ T is the outdoor temperature at time τ. ρVc represents the room heat capacity, where ρ is the room air density, V is the room air volume, and c is the air specific heat capacity.

[0116] S2: Establishing the formula for calculating the cooling capacity required for the room cooling set temperature difference.

[0117] The cooling capacity required for reducing the indoor temperature to the set temperature, this part of the cooling capacity is used to reduce the room temperature, and the thermodynamic equation is solved to obtain the calculation formula:

[0118] Q c = B(T in,τ -T set )dτ = -ρVcdT (3)

[0119]

[0120] In the above formula, Q C is the cooling capacity required for the cooling set temperature difference, B is the heat coefficient of this temperature difference. T set is the indoor set temperature of the air conditioner cooling, and the meanings of other variables are the same as above.

[0121] S3: Establishing the formula for calculating the room heat capacity.

[0122] This step is the calculation of the room heat capacity, and the heat capacity calculation formula is obtained by the cooling capacity and the temperature difference in the cooling process:

[0123] In the above formula, P AC is the air conditioner power in the cooling process, COP is the energy efficiency performance coefficient of the air conditioner, and the meanings of other variables are the same as above.

[0124] S4: Establishing the formula for calculating the heat generation of the heat source in the room.

[0125] This step is the heat generation of the heat source in the room, and the calculation formula Q gen = Ac COPdτ- QH (6)

[0126] P gen = P AC COP-A(T in，τ -T out，T ) (7)

[0127] In the above formula, Q gen is the heat generation of the heat source, P gen is the heat generation power of the heat source, COP is the cooling performance coefficient of the air conditioner, and the meanings of other variables are the same as above.

[0128] S5: Target air conditioner running power prediction model calculation formula establishment.

[0129] According to the formula established in S1 to S4, the air conditioner power prediction model calculation formula in the refrigeration process is derived as follows:

[0130]

[0131] In the above formula, the air conditioner power P at time τ is predicted according to the outdoor temperature T at the initial time, the indoor set temperature T and the indoor temperature T at the initial time. According to the indoor set temperature T and the indoor temperature T at the initial time, the indoor temperature T at time τ is predicted. out,0 set in,0 AC set in,0 in,τ

[0132] At this point, the air conditioner power prediction model is determined. Based on the air conditioner power prediction model, for any time τ, the predicted power value P at time τ can be obtained based on the above formula (8). AC

[0133] S402, according to the response target power value, the baseline power value and the predicted power value at each time, determining the target power value at each time in the response period.

[0134] After determining the predicted power value at each time in the response period, based on the response target power value, the baseline power value and the predicted power value at each time, the target power value at each time in the response period can be determined.

[0135] Among them, the target power value can be the difference between the real-time air conditioner power and the demand response power, that is, calculated by the following formula:

[0136]

[0137] Among them, the superscript k in the above formula is the demand response control time period sequence mark, which generally refers to the kth demand response period, for example, the response period is divided into several response sub-periods of the same length at different times, and k corresponds to a sub-period. It can be understood that when applied, the starting value of k is 1. The target power is the air conditioner target power value in the kth time period, represents the air conditioner real-time power in the kth time period. Among them, if the difference is greater than 0, take the difference, otherwise, take 0.

[0138] ​​​​​​​​S403, determining the target comfortable temperature range at each time in the response period according to the target power value and the temperature threshold value at each time.

[0139] Optionally, the reference target temperature at each time is determined according to the target power value at each time; for each reference target temperature, if the reference target temperature exceeds the temperature threshold value, the temperature threshold value is determined as the target comfortable temperature range at the corresponding time.

[0140] According to the target power value at each time, a temperature value corresponding to each time can be determined, which is referred to as a reference target temperature value. When the calculated reference temperature value is greater than the temperature threshold value, the temperature threshold value is set as the target comfortable temperature range at the corresponding time. Otherwise, if the reference temperature value is less than or equal to the temperature threshold value, the reference temperature value is the target comfortable temperature range at the corresponding time.

[0141] In the embodiment, according to the power demand response execution instruction, the power regulation potential provided by the target air conditioner in the building in the demand response process is evaluated, and the indoor and outdoor temperature measurement values, the air conditioner operating state and the power are combined to set and correct the air conditioner indoor set temperature at the demand response process time node, so as to achieve the power response purpose while considering the indoor temperature change range and ensuring the indoor thermal comfort. That is, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for realizing building demand response by adjusting the air conditioner indoor set temperature. In the case of building participating in power demand response service, the building power load is autonomously regulated by using the air conditioner and the building thermal inertia, so as to realize the peak load shifting of power grid. It can be applied to power control of controllable room temperature air conditioners in general office and commercial buildings, and can be used as technical support and promotion for building mechanical and electrical equipment participating in power regulation.

[0142] It should be understood that, although each step in the flowchart attached in the above embodiment is displayed in sequence according to the arrow, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the arrow. Unless otherwise specified herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in sequence, and these steps can be executed in other sequences. Moreover, at least part of the steps in the above-mentioned embodiment can include multiple steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution sequence of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in rotation or alternation with at least part of other steps or steps or stages in other steps.

[0143] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 10 a power demand response device is provided, comprising: a detection module 10, an adjustment module 11 and a response module 12, wherein:

[0144] The detection module 10 is configured to detect whether the target air conditioner participates in the demand response according to a response execution instruction issued by the power grid, and the response execution instruction comprises a response start time and a response end time.

[0145] The adjustment module 11 is configured to perform a temperature pre-adjustment operation on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs if the target air conditioner participates in the demand response, and the temperature pre-adjustment operation is configured to adjust the temperature in the building space to a temperature threshold value before the response start time arrives.

[0146] The response module 12 is configured to execute a demand response strategy after the response start time arrives and until the response end time arrives.

[0147] In an embodiment, the detection module 10 comprises:

[0148] The first obtaining unit is configured to obtain a response target power value and a baseline power value, and a first power value of the target air conditioner at the issuing time.

[0149] The second obtaining unit is configured to obtain a power response demand value and a power response capability value according to the response target power value, the baseline power value and the first power value.

[0150] The determination unit is configured to determine that the target air conditioner participates in the demand response if both the power response demand value and the power response capability value meet a preset condition.

[0151] In an embodiment, the second obtaining unit is further configured to determine a difference between the baseline power value and the response target power value as the power response demand value, and determine a difference between the first power value and an air conditioner power lower limit value as the power response capability value, wherein the air conditioner power lower limit value represents a minimum power value of the target air conditioner when the temperature threshold value is not exceeded.

[0152] In an embodiment, the adjustment module 11 comprises:

[0153] The detection unit is configured to detect whether a preset pre-adjustment time arrives.

[0154] The third obtaining unit is configured to obtain a second power of the target air conditioner at the pre-adjustment time and a temperature of the building space if the preset pre-adjustment time arrives.

[0155] The execution unit is configured to perform a temperature pre-adjustment operation if the second power does not reach an air conditioner power upper limit value and the temperature of the building space does not reach the temperature threshold value, and the temperature pre-adjustment operation comprises adjusting the temperature of the building space to the temperature threshold value.

[0156] In one embodiment, the response module 12 comprises: a response unit configured to obtain the target comfort temperature range at each time within the response period after the response start time arrives, and adjust the temperature in the building space to the target comfort temperature range at the corresponding time until the response end time arrives; the response period represents the period between the response start time and the response end time.

[0157] In one embodiment, the response unit comprises:

[0158] a obtaining subunit configured to obtain the response target power value and the baseline power value, and the predicted power value at each time within the response period;

[0159] a first determining subunit configured to determine the target power value at each time within the response period according to the response target power value, the baseline power value, and the predicted power value at each time;

[0160] a second determining subunit configured to determine the target comfort temperature range at each time within the response period according to the target power value at each time and the temperature threshold value.

[0161] In one embodiment, the second determining subunit is further configured to determine the reference target temperature at each time according to the target power value at each time; for each reference target temperature, if the reference target temperature exceeds the temperature threshold value, the temperature threshold value is determined as the target comfort temperature range at the corresponding time.

[0162] In one embodiment, the obtaining subunit is further configured to obtain the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature in the building space at the response start time, and the indoor set temperature within the response period; input the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature in the building space at the response start time, and the indoor set temperature within the response period into the air conditioner power prediction model to obtain the predicted power value at each time within the response period; wherein the air conditioner power prediction model is constructed based on the physical parameters of the target air conditioner operation.

[0163] In one embodiment, the response unit further comprises: a constructing subunit configured to construct the building space envelope heat gain calculation formula, the building space temperature regulation set temperature difference required refrigeration capacity calculation formula, the building space heat capacity calculation formula, and the building space internal heat source heat production heat gain calculation formula; and construct the air conditioner power prediction model according to the building space envelope heat gain calculation formula, the building space temperature regulation set temperature difference required refrigeration capacity calculation formula, the building space heat capacity calculation formula, and the building space internal heat source heat production heat gain calculation formula.

[0164] The specific definition of the power demand response device can refer to the definition of the power demand response method in the foregoing, and will not be described here. Each module in the power demand response device can be implemented by software, hardware, and a combination thereof, in whole or in part. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in hardware form, or can be stored in the memory in the computer device in software form, so that the processor invokes and executes the operations corresponding to each of the above-mentioned modules.

[0165] In one embodiment, a computer device, which can be a terminal, has an internal structure diagram as shown in Figure 11 The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen, and an input device connected by a system bus. The processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for running the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is configured to perform wired or wireless communication with an external terminal. The wireless communication can be achieved by WIFI, a carrier network, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The computer program is executed by the processor to implement a power demand response method. The display screen of the computer device can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen. The input device of the computer device can be a touch layer overlaid on the display screen, or a key, trackball, or touchpad arranged on the shell of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse, etc.

[0166] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 11 The structure shown in the above

[0167] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program. The processor executes the computer program to implement the following steps:

[0168] According to the response execution instruction issued by the power grid, it is detected whether the target air conditioner participates in the demand response. The response execution instruction includes a response start time and a response end time.

[0169] If the target air conditioner participates in the demand response, a temperature pre-regulation operation is performed on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs. The temperature pre-regulation operation is configured to adjust the temperature in the building space to a temperature threshold value before the response start time arrives.

[0170] The demand response strategy is executed after the response start time arrives and ends until the response end time arrives; the demand response strategy is used to adjust the target air conditioner operating power to a target value, while maintaining the building space temperature within a target comfortable temperature range.

[0171] The implementation principles and technical effects of the steps implemented by the processor in this embodiment are similar to those of the above-mentioned channel reciprocity calibration method, and will not be described here.

[0172] In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, and a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the following steps:

[0173] According to the response execution instruction issued by the power grid, it is detected whether the target air conditioner participates in the demand response; the response execution instruction includes a response start time and a response end time;

[0174] If the target air conditioner participates in the demand response, a temperature pre-adjustment operation is performed on the building space to which the target air conditioner belongs; the temperature pre-adjustment operation is used to adjust the temperature in the building space to a temperature threshold value before the response start time arrives;

[0175] The demand response strategy is executed after the response start time arrives and ends until the response end time arrives; the demand response strategy is used to adjust the target air conditioner operating power to a target value, while maintaining the building space temperature within a target comfortable temperature range.

[0176] The implementation principles and technical effects of the steps implemented by the processor in this embodiment are similar to those of the above-mentioned channel reciprocity calibration method, and will not be described here.

[0177] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the above-mentioned embodiment methods. Any reference to memory, storage, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory or optical memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. As an illustration but not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM).

[0178] Any combination of the technical features of the above embodiments can be made. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but as long as the combination of the technical features does not exist, it should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0179] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, some modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of power demand response, characterized by, The method comprises: According to the response execution instruction issued by the power grid, a response target power value and a baseline power value are obtained, and a first power value of the target air conditioner at the time of issuance is obtained; A difference between the baseline power value and the response target power value is determined as a power response demand value, and a difference between the first power value and an air conditioner power lower limit value is determined as a power response capability value; the air conditioner power lower limit value represents a minimum power value of the target air conditioner when a temperature critical value is not exceeded; If the power response demand value and the power response capability value both satisfy a preset condition, it is determined that the target air conditioner participates in demand response; the response execution instruction includes a response start time and a response end time; If a preset pre-regulation time is detected, a second power of the target air conditioner at the pre-regulation time and a temperature of a building space are obtained; If the second power does not reach an air conditioner power upper limit value, and the temperature of the building space does not reach the temperature critical value, a temperature pre-regulation operation is performed; the temperature pre-regulation operation is used to regulate the temperature in the building space to the temperature critical value before the response start time arrives; After the response start time arrives, the response target power value and the baseline power value, and a predicted power value at each time in a response period are obtained; the response period represents a period between the response start time and the response end time; According to the response target power value, the baseline power value, and the predicted power value at each time, a target power value at each time in the response period is determined; According to the target power value at each time, a reference target temperature at each time is determined; For each reference target temperature, if the reference target temperature exceeds the temperature critical value, the temperature critical value is determined as a target comfortable temperature range at the corresponding time; The temperature in the building space is regulated to the target comfortable temperature range at each time at the corresponding time until the response end time arrives.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Obtaining the predicted power value at each time in the response period comprises: Obtaining an indoor temperature, an outdoor temperature in the building space at the response start time, and an indoor set temperature in the response period; The indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature in the building space at the response start time, and the indoor set temperature in the response period are input into an air conditioner power prediction model to obtain the predicted power value at each time in the response period; wherein the air conditioner power prediction model is constructed based on physical parameters of the target air conditioner.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The construction process of the air conditioner power prediction model comprises: Constructing a heat gain calculation formula of a building space envelope structure, a required refrigerating capacity calculation formula of a temperature regulation set temperature difference of the building space, a heat capacity calculation formula of the building space, and a heat gain item calculation formula of a heat source heat production in the building space; According to the heat gain calculation formula of the building space envelope structure, the required refrigerating capacity calculation formula of the temperature regulation set temperature difference of the building space, the heat capacity calculation formula of the building space, and the heat gain item calculation formula of the heat source heat production in the building space, the air conditioner power prediction model is constructed.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method is applied to a server in a building where the target air conditioner is located.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The response execution instruction is a control signal issued by the power grid server to a server in a building where the target air conditioner is located, and the control signal requires the building to participate in power adjustment.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further comprises: If the power response demand value and / or the power response capability value does not satisfy the preset condition, it is determined that the target air conditioner does not participate in the demand response.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further comprises: If the current time is summer, the temperature threshold is determined as the lowest temperature that can be tolerated by the indoor user and reached by the capability of the air conditioner itself. If the current time is winter, the temperature threshold is determined as the highest temperature that can be tolerated by the indoor user and reached by the capability of the air conditioner itself.

8. A power demand response device, characterized by, The device comprises: The detection module is configured to: acquire a response target power value and a baseline power value according to a response execution instruction issued by the power grid, and acquire a first power value of the target air conditioner at the time when the response execution instruction is issued; determine a power response demand value as a difference between the baseline power value and the response target power value; determine a power response capability value as a difference between the first power value and an air conditioner power lower limit value, wherein the air conditioner power lower limit value represents a minimum power value of the target air conditioner when the temperature threshold is not exceeded; if the power response demand value and the power response capability value both satisfy a preset condition, it is determined that the target air conditioner participates in the demand response; the response execution instruction comprises a response start time and a response end time; The adjustment module is configured to: if a preset pre-adjustment time is detected, acquire a second power of the target air conditioner at the pre-adjustment time and a temperature of a building space; If the second power does not reach an air conditioner power upper limit value and the temperature of the building space does not reach the temperature threshold, a temperature pre-adjustment operation is performed, which is configured to adjust the temperature in the building space to the temperature threshold before the response start time is reached. The response module is configured to: after the response start time is reached, acquire the response target power value and the baseline power value, and acquire a predicted power value at each time in a response period; the response period represents a period between the response start time and the response end time; determine a target power value at each time in the response period according to the response target power value, the baseline power value and the predicted power value at each time; determine a reference target temperature at each time according to the target power value at each time; for each reference target temperature, if the reference target temperature exceeds the temperature threshold, the temperature threshold is determined as a target comfortable temperature range at the corresponding time; the temperature in the building space is regulated to the target comfortable temperature range at each time at the corresponding time until the response end time is reached.

9. A computer device, comprising: The device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.

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